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CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ecaadesigradi2019_002
id	ecaadesigradi2019_002
authors	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.)
year	2019
title	Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution, Volume 3
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.3
source	Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 3, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, 374 p.
summary	Going back in history, the 1st Industrial Revolution occurred between the 18th and 19th centuries, when water and steam power led to the mechanization period. By then, social changes radically transformed cities and, together with manufactured materials like steel and glass, promoted the emergence of new building design typologies like the railway station. In the end of the 19th century, the advent of electrical power triggered mass production systems. This 2nd Revolution affected the building construction industry in many ways, inspiring the birth to the modern movement. For some, standardization emerged as an enemy of arts and crafts, while, for others, it was an opportunity to embrace new design agendas, where construction economy and quality could be controlled in novel ways. More recently, electronics and information technology fostered the 3rd Revolution with the production automation. In architecture, the progressive use of digital design, analysis and fabrication processes started to replace the traditional means of analogical representation. This opened the door for the exploration of a higher degree of design freedom, complexity and customization. The rise of the Internet also changed the way architects communicated and promoted the emergence of global architectural practices in the planet. Today, in the beginning of the 21th century, we are in a moment of profound and accelerated changes in the way we perceive and interact with(in) the world, which many authors, like Klaus Schwab, do not hesitate to call as the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Extraordinary advancements in areas like mobile communication, artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, blockchain, nanotechnology, biotechnology, facial recognition, robotics or additive manufacturing are fusing the physical, biological and digital systems of production. Such technological context has triggered a series of disruptive concepts and innovations, like the smart-phone, social networks, online gaming, internet of things, smart materials, interactive environments, personal fabrication, 3D printing, virtual and augmented realities, drones, selfdriving cars or the smart cities, which, all together, are drawing a radically new world.
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_001
id	ecaadesigradi2019_001
authors	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.)
year	2019
title	Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution, Volume 2
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2
source	Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, 872 p.
summary	Going back in history, the 1st Industrial Revolution occurred between the 18th and 19th centuries, when water and steam power led to the mechanization period. By then, social changes radically transformed cities and, together with manufactured materials like steel and glass, promoted the emergence of new building design typologies like the railway station. In the end of the 19th century, the advent of electrical power triggered mass production systems. This 2nd Revolution affected the building construction industry in many ways, inspiring the birth to the modern movement. For some, standardization emerged as an enemy of arts and crafts, while, for others, it was an opportunity to embrace new design agendas, where construction economy and quality could be controlled in novel ways. More recently, electronics and information technology fostered the 3rd Revolution with the production automation. In architecture, the progressive use of digital design, analysis and fabrication processes started to replace the traditional means of analogical representation. This opened the door for the exploration of a higher degree of design freedom, complexity and customization. The rise of the Internet also changed the way architects communicated and promoted the emergence of global architectural practices in the planet. Today, in the beginning of the 21th century, we are in a moment of profound and accelerated changes in the way we perceive and interact with(in) the world, which many authors, like Klaus Schwab, do not hesitate to call as the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Extraordinary advancements in areas like mobile communication, artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, blockchain, nanotechnology, biotechnology, facial recognition, robotics or additive manufacturing are fusing the physical, biological and digital systems of production. Such technological context has triggered a series of disruptive concepts and innovations, like the smart-phone, social networks, online gaming, internet of things, smart materials, interactive environments, personal fabrication, 3D printing, virtual and augmented realities, drones, selfdriving cars or the smart cities, which, all together, are drawing a radically new world.
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_000
id	ecaadesigradi2019_000
authors	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.)
year	2019
title	Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution, Volume 1
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1
source	Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, 835 p.
summary	Going back in history, the 1st Industrial Revolution occurred between the 18th and 19th centuries, when water and steam power led to the mechanization period. By then, social changes radically transformed cities and, together with manufactured materials like steel and glass, promoted the emergence of new building design typologies like the railway station. In the end of the 19th century, the advent of electrical power triggered mass production systems. This 2nd Revolution affected the building construction industry in many ways, inspiring the birth to the modern movement. For some, standardization emerged as an enemy of arts and crafts, while, for others, it was an opportunity to embrace new design agendas, where construction economy and quality could be controlled in novel ways. More recently, electronics and information technology fostered the 3rd Revolution with the production automation. In architecture, the progressive use of digital design, analysis and fabrication processes started to replace the traditional means of analogical representation. This opened the door for the exploration of a higher degree of design freedom, complexity and customization. The rise of the Internet also changed the way architects communicated and promoted the emergence of global architectural practices in the planet. Today, in the beginning of the 21th century, we are in a moment of profound and accelerated changes in the way we perceive and interact with(in) the world, which many authors, like Klaus Schwab, do not hesitate to call as the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Extraordinary advancements in areas like mobile communication, artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, blockchain, nanotechnology, biotechnology, facial recognition, robotics or additive manufacturing are fusing the physical, biological and digital systems of production. Such technological context has triggered a series of disruptive concepts and innovations, like the smart-phone, social networks, online gaming, internet of things, smart materials, interactive environments, personal fabrication, 3D printing, virtual and augmented realities, drones, selfdriving cars or the smart cities, which, all together, are drawing a radically new world.
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	acadia19_404
id	acadia19_404
authors	Liu, Henan; Liao, Longtai; Srivastava, Akshay
year	2019
title	AN ANONYMOUS COMPOSITION
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.404
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 404-411
summary	Within the context of continuous technology transformations, the way scientists and designers process data is changing dramatically from simplification and explicit defined rules to searching and retrieving. Ideally, such a trending method can eliminate issues including deviation and ambiguity with the help of hypothetically unlimited computational power. To process data in this manner, artificial intelligence is necessary and needs to be integrated into the design process. An experiment of a design process that consists of a generative model, a data library, and a machine learning system (GAN) is introduced to demonstrate its effectiveness. The methodology is further evaluated by comparing its output with its input targets, which proves the possibility of employing machine learning systems to aggressively process data and automate the design process. Further improvement of such methodology, including judging criteria and possible applications, and the sensibility of the machine is also discussed at the end.
keywords	Machine Learning, Automation, Variables, Data Processing, Sensibility, Generative Design
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_605
id	ecaadesigradi2019_605
authors	Andrade Zandavali, Bárbara and Jiménez García, Manuel
year	2019
title	Automated Brick Pattern Generator for Robotic Assembly using Machine Learning and Images
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.3.217
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 3, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 217-226
summary	Brickwork is the oldest construction method still in use. Digital technologies, in turn, enabled new methods of representation and automation for bricklaying. While automation explored different approaches, representation was limited to declarative methods, as parametric filling algorithms. Alternatively, this work proposes a framework for automated brickwork using a machine learning model based on image-to-image translation (Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks). The framework consists of creating a dataset, training a model for each bond, and converting the output images into vectorial data for robotic assembly. Criteria such as: reaching wall boundary accuracy, avoidance of unsupported bricks, and brick's position accuracy were individually evaluated for each bond. The results demonstrate that the proposed framework fulfils boundary filling and respects overall bonding structural rules. Size accuracy demonstrated inferior performance for the scale tested. The association of this method with 'self-calibrating' robots could overcome this problem and be easily implemented for on-site.
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2019_074
id	caadria2019_074
authors	Bai, Nan and Wang, Lu
year	2019
title	Village Heritage Conservation in the New Data Age - Rural Information Modelling in the Context of Rural Vitalization in China
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.2.041
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 41-50
summary	Rural Vitalization being a nation-wide policy for China in the following five years, it is becoming even more important to preserve and conserve the village heritage, especially with the global background of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) involvement. This research reviews on the existing and potential methods which has been or could be used to better understand the rural built environment in the new data age, and proposes an interactive message platform named Rural Information Modelling (RIM) which could collect, storage, analyze and display the various message concerning the village heritage, especially the morphological, cognitive and behavioural information. With the help of RIM, stakeholders can better interact with the rural environment, and better negotiate with each other, leading to a more objective and rational construction process, which could express the willingness of both the outside architects, urban planners and visitors, and the in situ villagers and government.
keywords	rural vitalization; heritage conservation; ICT; Rural Information Modelling
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_449
id	ecaadesigradi2019_449
authors	Becerra Santacruz, Axel
year	2019
title	The Architecture of ScarCity Game - The craft and the digital as an alternative design process
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.3.045
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 3, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 45-52
summary	The Architecture of ScarCity Game is a board game used as a pedagogical tool that challenges architecture students by involving them in a series of experimental design sessions to understand the design process of scarcity and the actual relation between the craft and the digital. This means "pragmatic delivery processes and material constraints, where the exchange between the artisan of handmade, representing local skills and technology of the digitally conceived is explored" (Huang 2013). The game focuses on understanding the different variables of the crafted design process of traditional communities under conditions of scarcity (Michel and Bevan 1992). This requires first analyzing the spatial environmental model of interaction, available human and natural resources, and the dynamic relationship of these variables in a digital era. In the first stage (Pre-Agency), the game set the concept of the craft by limiting students design exploration from a minimum possible perspective developing locally available resources and techniques. The key elements of the design process of traditional knowledge communities have to be identified (Preez 1984). In other words, this stage is driven by limited resources + chance + contingency. In the second stage (Post-Agency) students taking the architects´ role within this communities, have to speculate and explore the interface between the craft (local knowledge and low technological tools), and the digital represented by computation data, new technologies available and construction. This means the introduction of strategy + opportunity + chance as part of the design process. In this sense, the game has a life beyond its mechanics. This other life challenges the participants to exploit the possibilities of breaking the actual boundaries of design. The result is a tool to challenge conventional methods of teaching and leaning controlling a prescribed design process. It confronts the rules that professionals in this field take for granted. The game simulates a 'fake' reality by exploring in different ways with surveyed information. As a result, participants do not have anything 'real' to lose. Instead, they have all the freedom to innovate and be creative.
keywords	Global south, scarcity, low tech, digital-craft, design process and innovation by challenge.
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_425
id	ecaadesigradi2019_425
authors	Betti, Giovanni, Aziz, Saqib and Ron, Gili
year	2019
title	Pop Up Factory : Collaborative Design in Mixed Rality - Interactive live installation for the makeCity festival, 2018 Berlin
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.3.115
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 3, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 115-124
summary	This paper examines a novel, integrated and collaborative approach to design and fabrication, enabled through Mixed Reality. In a bespoke fabrication process, the design is controlled and altered by users in holographic space, through a custom, multi-modal interface. Users input is live-streamed and channeled to 3D modelling environment,on-demand robotic fabrication and AR-guided assembly. The Holographic Interface is aimed at promoting man-machine collaboration. A bespoke pipeline translates hand gestures and audio into CAD and numeric fabrication. This enables non-professional participants engage with a plethora of novel technology. The feasibility of Mixed Reality for architectural workflow was tested through an interactive installation for the makeCity Berlin 2018 festival. Participants experienced with on-demand design, fabrication an AR-guided assembly. This article will discuss the technical measures taken as well as the potential in using Holographic Interfaces for collaborative design and on-site fabrication.Please write your abstract here by clicking this paragraph.
keywords	Holographic Interface; Augmented Reality; Multimodal Interface; Collaborative Design; Robotic Fabrication; On-Site Fabrication
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_555
id	ecaadesigradi2019_555
authors	Bomfim, Kyane and Tavares, Felipe
year	2019
title	Building facade optimization for maximizing the incident solar radiation
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.171
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 171-180
summary	The technological breakthrough on photovoltaic facades and the high potential for installing photovoltaic (PV) systems in the city of Salvador are the motivation for this article. This case study explores the feasibility of implementing solar energy technology on a building facade, proposing a design method for optimizing insolation performance by the form-finding process in a parameterized shape. The goal was to generate a parametric design workflow, in which it could be found some facade shapes, generating triangle and quadrilateral supporting grids, leading to better results in the total amount of radiation in comparison to the basic flat facade. In these supporting grids were evaluated also the fitting in the distribution of quadrilateral commercial PV cells, measuring its geometric compatibility. By the results, it could be verified the gains and losses in PV potential in several instances obtained by the form-finding process, as the potentials to consider this in the design of every building.
keywords	Radiation skydome; Shape parameterization; Form-finding; Genetic Algorithm; PV facade
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_202
id	ecaadesigradi2019_202
authors	Brasil, Alexander Lopes de Aquino and Franco, Juarez Moara Santos
year	2019
title	Customizing Mass Housing in Brazil: Introduction to an Integrated System
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.605
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 605-612
summary	The current work presents an original parameterized wood frame system, a computational simulation of its structural performance and preliminary results of its digital fabrication and assemblage process. The project follows the concept of integration between CAD, CAE and CAM systems, aiming at the automation of the processes that make mass customization of social housing in Brazil practicable.
keywords	mass customization; social housing; parametric and algorithmic design; simulation, prediction, and evaluation; digital fabrication; building system
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_381
id	ecaadesigradi2019_381
authors	Buš, Peter
year	2019
title	Large-scale Prototyping Utilising Technologies and Participation - On-demand and Crowd-driven Urban Scenarios
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.847
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 847-854
summary	The paper theorises and elaborates the idea of crowd-driven assemblies for flexible and adaptive constructions utilising automatic technologies and participatory activities within the context of twenty-first century cities. As economic and technological movements and shifts in society and cultures are present and ongoing, the building technology needs to incorporate human inputs following the aspects of customisation to build adaptive architectural and urban scenarios based on immediate decisions made according to local conditions or specific spatial demands. In particular, the paper focuses on large-scale prototyping for urban applications along with on-site interactions between humans and automatic building technologies to create on-demand spatial scenarios. It discusses the current precedents in research and practice and speculates future directions to be taken in creation, development or customisation of contemporary and future cities based on participatory and crowd-driven building activities. The main aim of this theoretical overview is to offer a more comprehensive understanding of the relations between technology and humans in the context of reactive and responsive built environments.
keywords	large-scale urban prototyping; on-site participation; human-machine interaction; intelligent cities; responsive cities; urban autopoiesis
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_034
id	ecaadesigradi2019_034
authors	Chen, Dechen, Luo, Dan, Xu, Weiguo, Luo, Chen, Shen, Liren, Yan, Xia and Wang, Tianjun
year	2019
title	Re-perceive 3D printing with Artificial Intelligence
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.443
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 443-450
summary	How can machine learning be combined with intelligent construction, material testing and other related topics to develop a new method of fabrication? This paper presents a set of experiments on the dynamic control of the heat deflection of thermoplastics in searching for a new 3D printing method with the dynamic behaviour of PLA and with a comprehensive workflow utilizing mechanic automation, computer vision, and artificial intelligence. Additionally, this paper will discuss in-depth the performance of different types of neural networks used in the research and conclude with solid data on the potential connection between the structure of neural networks and the dynamic, complex material performance we are attempting to capture.
keywords	3D printing; AI; automation; material; fabrication
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_358
id	ecaadesigradi2019_358
authors	Cocho-Bermejo, Ana and Navarro-Mateu, Diego
year	2019
title	User-centered Responsive Sunlight Reorientation System based on Multiagent Decision-making, UDaMaS
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.695
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 695-704
summary	UDaMaS (Universal Daylight Managing System), is a user-centered responsive system for built scenarios that can reorient sunlight to improve light conditions in specific urban environments.This on-going research is based on developing more efficient energy/light supply methods through IoT (internet of things) and data mining based on the improved relationship with technology.A user centered responsive multi-agent system using norm emergence is proposed for controlling the efficiency of sunlight reoriented society of mirror robots. Society of robots will make decisions about which users to serve, depending on the users' requests through the UdaMas app.
keywords	responsive; lighting; user-centric; multi-agent system; artificial intelligence; ambient intelligence
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_081
id	ecaadesigradi2019_081
authors	Costa, Phillipe
year	2019
title	Grey Box City - Building cybernetic urban systems for smarter simulations
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.767
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 767-774
summary	In this paper we approach the concept of grey box model to understand the subjectivity and objectivity of urban design. From the beginning of the insertion of computational systems in the systems management, we understand that some simulations and the understanding of the city itself were partial: we do not understand the city and its spatial complexity and we have the pretension to do urban design thinking that we understand the urban life . Here we will address some categories of how we can simulate and create our urban systems using a more tactile cybernetics.
keywords	Grey Box; Cybernetics; Smart City; Information Technology
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_405
id	ecaadesigradi2019_405
authors	da Cunha Teixeira, Luísa and Cury Paraizo, Rodrigo
year	2019
title	Caronae - ridesharing and first steps into commuting opportunitie of academic exchange
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.805
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 805-816
summary	Location-based mobile applications have been a rising theme for academics in the field of urbanism and in urban and transportation, because of the potential of transformation they might bring to the urban landscape (De Souza e Silva, 2013). One of the possibilities we study here is to observe social encounters fostered by commuting rides. In this paper, we try to examine the practice from the broad perspective of estimating the environmental benefits, in a context where digital information technology is wielded to address problems old and new (Townsend, 2014). This paper aims to analyze the potential of transformations that new ICTs bring to urban mobility, using as case study the official ridesharing system of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, the Carona? project. The system was developed focusing on the reduction of the number of motorized trips to the University, as well as the amount of CO2 generated by them. Here we analyze the dynamics of ridesharing, using the system data, and also try to observe the role it may play towards the promotion of integration in the UFRJ community.
keywords	mobile apps; urban mobility; ridesharing; caronae ufrj
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_191
id	ecaadesigradi2019_191
authors	Engel, Pedro
year	2019
title	CONTROLING DESIGN VARIATIONS - DESIGNING A SEMANTIC CONTROLER FOR A GENERATIVE SYSTEM
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.369
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 369-376
summary	This article will describe the recent steps in the development of a computational generative system based on the selection and combination of ordinary architectural elements. Built as a Grasshopper definition, the system was conceived to generate designs of architectural façades and to produce models, physical and digital, for didactic use. More specifically, The paper will address the conception of controlling devices, that is, the parts of the computational system that govern design variations. This process involved two complementary actions: first, the definition of a clear organizational logic, where elements can be represented as a data structure that encompasses classes, sub-classes, sets, libraries and attributes; secondly, the establishment of means to operate the variations through the use of filters and heuristics based on visual patterns, allowing varying degrees of automation and user control. It will be argued that such organizational model paves the way to increase the number of design possibilities in the future and to and provide means to integrate of architectural criteria into the generation process. This research has received the support of CNPq.
keywords	Algorithm; Parametric Design; Architectural Design; Teaching ; Physical Model
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	caadria2019_478
id	caadria2019_478
authors	Fingrut, Adam, Crolla, Kristof and Lau, Darwin
year	2019
title	Automation Complexity - Brick By Brick
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.093
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 93-102
summary	This paper discusses the assembly of brick structures with a Cable Driven Parallel Robot (CDPR). Explored is the impact of using computational design tools and the deployment of robotic equipment for the creation of an expanded architectural design space, based on the limits of material and equipment in place of a skilled labor force.
keywords	Cable-Robot; Construction Automation; Digital Fabrication; Construction Complexity; Non-Standard Architecture
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_516
id	ecaadesigradi2019_516
authors	Fioravanti, Antonio and Trento, Armando
year	2019
title	Close Future: Co-Design Assistant - How Proactive design paradigm can help
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.155
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 155-160
summary	The present paper is focused on exploring a new paradigm in architectural design process that should raise the bar for a mutual collaboration between humans and digital assistants, able to face challenging problems of XXI century. Such a collaboration will aid design process freeing designer from middle level reasoning tasks, so they could focus on exploring - on the fly - design alternatives at a higher abstraction layer of knowledge. Such an assistant should explore and instantiate as much as possible knowledge structures and their inferences thanks to an extensive use of defaults, demons and agents, combined with its power and ubiquity so that they will be able to mimic behaviour of architectural design human experts. It aims other than to deal with data (1st layer) and simple reasoning tools (2nd layer) to automate design exploring consequences and side effects of design decisions and comparing goals (3rd layer). This assistant will speed up the evaluation of fresh design solutions, will suggest solutions by means of generative systems and will be able of a digital creativity.
keywords	Design process paradigm; Architectural design; Design assistant; Agents; Knowledge structures
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	acadia19_90
id	acadia19_90
authors	Forward, Kristen; Taron, Joshua
year	2019
title	Waste Ornament
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.090
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 90-99
summary	The emergence of computational design and fabrication tools has escalated the potentials of architectural ornamentation to become innovative, beautiful, and highly sustainable. Historically, ornament has been known to express character and reveal relationships between materiality, technological advances, and societal evolution. But ornament rapidly declined in the late 1800s in large part due to mechanization and modernist ideals of uniform, unadorned façade components. However, ornamentation in architecture has recently reappeared—a development that can be linked closely to advancements in computational design and digital fabrication. While these advancements offer the ability to create expressive architecture, their potential contribution to the improvement of sustainable architecture has largely been overlooked (Augusti-Juan and Habert 2017). This paper provides a brief revisitation to the history of ornament and investigates the impact of computation and automation on the production of contemporary ornament. The paper also attempts to catalog examples of how designers have used computational technologies to address the growing criticality of environmental concerns. Moreover, the paper presents the Waste Ornament project, a research platform that critically examines how we can leverage technology to augment the visual and sustainable performance of facade ornamentation to reduce energy use in buildings. Three sub-projects are identified as territories for further research into sustainable ornamentation, ranging from material sourcing, to high-performance buildings, to the development of a systematic upcycling process that transforms old facades into new ones. While the examples are not exhaustive, they attempt to interlace the general ideas of waste and ornament by addressing particular issues that converge at building envelopes.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	caadria2020_426
id	caadria2020_426
authors	Goepel, Garvin and Crolla, Kristof
year	2020
title	Augmented Reality-based Collaboration - ARgan, a bamboo art installation case study
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2020.2.313
source	D. Holzer, W. Nakapan, A. Globa, I. Koh (eds.), RE: Anthropocene, Design in the Age of Humans - Proceedings of the 25th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-6 August 2020, pp. 313-322
summary	ARgan is a geometrically complex bamboo sculpture that relied on Mixed Reality (MR) for its joint creation by multiple sculptors and used latest Augmented Reality (AR) technology to guide manual fabrication actions. It was built at the Chinese University of Hong Kong in the fall of 2019 by thirty participants of a design-and-build workshop on the integration of AR in construction. As part of its construction workflow, holographic setups were created on multiple devices, including a series of Microsoft HoloLenses and several handheld Smartphones, all linked simultaneously to a single digital base model to interactively guide the manufacturing process. This paper critically evaluates the experience of extending recent AR and MR tool developments towards applications that centre on creative collaborative production. Using ARgan as a demonstrator project, its developed workflow is assessed on its ability to transform a geometrically complex digitally drafted design to its final physically built form, highlighting the necessary strategic integration of variability as an opportunity to relax notions on design precision and exact control. The paper concludes with a plea for digital technology's ability to stimulate dialogue and collaboration in creative production and augment craftsmanship, thus providing greater agency and more diverse design output.
keywords	Augmented-Reality; Mixed-Reality; Post-digital; High-tech vs low-tech; Bamboo
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

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