Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ijac202220109
id	ijac202220109
authors	Ortner, F. Peter; Jing Zhi Tay
year	2022
title	Resilient by design: Informing pandemic-safe building redesign with computational models of resident congestion
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2022, Vol. 20 - no. 1, pp. 129–144
summary	This paper describes a computational design-support tool created in response to safe-distancing measures enforced during the COVID-19 pandemic. The tool was developed for a specific use case: understanding congestion in crowded migrant worker dormitories that experienced high rates of COVID-19 transmission in 2020. Building from agent-based and network-based computational simulations, the tool presents a hybrid method for simulating building resident movements based on known or pre-determined schedules and likely itineraries. This hybrid method affords the design tool a novel approach to simultaneous exploration of spatial and temporal design scenarios. The paper demonstrates the use of the tool on an anonymised case study of a high-density migrant worker dormitory, comparing results from a baseline configuration against design variations that modify dormitory physical configuration and schedule. Comparisons between the design scenarios provide evidence for reflections on pandemic-resilient design and operation strategies for dor- mitories. A conclusions section considers the extent to which the model and case study results are applicable to other dense institutional buildings and describes the paper’s contributions to general understanding of configurational and operational aspects of resilience in the built environment.
keywords	Design for resilience, evidence-based design, design support, agent-based model, schedule-based model, network analysis
series	journal
last changed	2024/04/17 14:29

_id	sigradi2020_991
id	sigradi2020_991
authors	Gomez, Paula; Hadi, Khatereh; Kemenova, Olga; Swarts, Matthew
year	2020
title	Spatiotemporal Modeling of COVID-19 Spread in Built Environments
source	SIGraDi 2020 [Proceedings of the 24th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Online Conference 18 - 20 November 2020, pp. 991-996
summary	This research proposes a Spatiotemporal Modeling approach to understand the role of architecture, specifically the built environment, in the COVID-19 pandemic. The model integrates spatial and temporal parameters to calculate the probability of spread of and exposure to SARS-CoV-2 virus (responsible of COVID-19 disease) due to the combination of four aspects: Spatial configuration, organizational schedules, people’s behavior, and virus characteristics. Spatiotemporal Modeling builds upon the current models of building analytics for architecture combined with predictive models of COVID-19 spread. While most of the current research on COVID-19 spread focuses on mathematical models at regional scales and the CDC guidelines emphasizing on human behavior, our research focuses on the role of buildings in this pandemic, as the intermediate mechanism where human and social activities occur. The goal is to understand the most significant parameters that influence the virus spread within built environments, including human-to-human, fomite (surface-to-human), and airborne ways of transmission, with the purpose of providing a comprehensive parametric model that may help identify the most influential design and organizational decisions for controlling the pandemic. The proof-of-concept study is a healthcare facility.
keywords	Spatiotemporal modeling, Agent-based simulation, COVID-19, Virus spread, Built environments, Human behavior, Social distancing
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2021/07/16 11:53

_id	ecaade2020_143
id	ecaade2020_143
authors	Ilyas, Sobia, Wang, Xinyue, Li, Wenting, Zhang, Zhuoqun, Wang, Tsung-Hsien and Peng, Chengzhi
year	2020
title	Towards an Interactionist Model of Cognizant Architecture - A sentient maze built with swarm intelligence
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2020.2.201
source	Werner, L and Koering, D (eds.), Anthropologic: Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age - Proceedings of the 38th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 16-18 September 2020, pp. 201-208
summary	Cognizant Architecture is a term used to define sentient and smart structures broadly. In this paper, an 'Interactionist' model of cognizant architecture is proposed as a method of investigating the development process by inverting the conventional concept of maze design. The proposed 'Cognizant Maze' aims to achieve user-architecture micro-interactions through delighting the users, presenting a physical activity equally attractive to kids and adults alike, and activating mind-enticing visual effects. Like many previous innovations, nature is what inspires us in the maze-making process. In modelling the cognizant maze, we develop the concept and workflow of prototyping a form of swarm intelligence. We are particularly interested in exploring how simulated behaviours of swarm intelligence can be manifested in a maze environment for micro-interactions to take place. Combining parametric modelling and Arduino-based physical computing, our current interactive prototyping shows how the maze and its users can 'think, act and play' with each other, hence achieving an interactionist model of cognizant architecture. We reflect that the lessons learned from the Cognizant Maze experiment may lead to further development of cognizant architecture as a propagation of swarm intelligence through multi-layered micro-interactions.
keywords	swarm intelligence; maze design; Micro-interactions; interactive prototyping; cognizant architecture
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	sigradi2022_298
id	sigradi2022_298
authors	Perry, Isha N.; Xue, Zhouyi; Huang, Hui-Ling; Crispe, Nikita; Vegas, Gonzalo; Swarts, Matthew; Gomez Z., Paula
year	2022
title	Human Behavior Simulations to Determine Best Strategies for Reducing COVID-19 Risk in Schools
source	Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 39–50
summary	The dynamics of COVID-19 spread have been studied from an epidemiological perspective, at city, country, and global scales (Rabajante, 2020, Ma, 2020, and Giuliani et al., 2020), although after two years of the pandemic we know that viruses spread mostly through built environments. This study is part of the Spatiotemporal Modeling of COVID-19 spread in buildings research (Gomez, Hadi, and Kemenova et al., 2020 and 2021), which proposes a multidimensional model that integrates spatial configurations, temporal use of spaces, and virus characteristics into one multidimensional model. This paper presents a specific branch of this model that analyzes the behavioral parameters, such as vaccination, masking, and mRNA booster rates, and compares them to reducing room occupancy. We focused on human behavior, specifically human interactions within six feet. We utilized the multipurpose simulation software, AnyLogic, to quantify individual exposure to the virus, in the high school building by Perkins and Will. The results show how the most effective solution, reducing the occupancy rates or redesigning layouts, being the most impractical one, is as effective as 80% of the population getting a third boost.
keywords	Spatiotemporal Modeling, Behavior Analytics, COVID-19 Spread, Agent-Based Simulation, COVID-19 Prevention
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2023/05/16 16:55

_id	acadia20_182p
id	acadia20_182p
authors	Grasser, Alexander; Parger, Alexandra; Hirschberg, Urs
year	2020
title	Realtime Architecture Platform: CollabWood
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume II: Projects [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95253-6]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by M. Yablonina, A. Marcus, S. Doyle, M. del Campo, V. Ago, B. Slocum. 182-187
summary	This project presents a Realtime Architecture Platform applied in a telepresence design studio to design and construct the CollabWood prototype. The platform, developed by the authors, enables an open workflow to collaborate and design in unity. It provides a persistent online environment for real-time architectural production. The work method is based on the concept of collaborative objects and distributed designers. These collaborative objects are the shared content: discrete parts, prefabs, or blocks that enable interaction, communication, and collaboration between its users and owners. The distributed designers can contribute by instantiating these collaborative objects. Users placing an object react to the local neighboring conditions and therefore add their embodied design decision to the global architecture. The users get immersed in digital proximity by communicating through the integrated chat or digital calls, discussing strategies, debating design intentions, analyzing the built structure, and scanning for improvements. This pervasive collaboration lays the foundation for a democratization of the design process. As a proof of concept, this method was implemented with 20 students in a telepresence design studio. The participants embraced the real-time workflow and applied the collaborative tool throughout the semester from different locations and time zones. Using the platform to design the CollabWood prototype in real-time collaboratively was realized as a 1:1 project with local, accessible material and AR technology for assembly. The global pandemic accelerated the importance of collaboration. Realtime Architecture Platform’s response of providing an accessible common platform for real-time interaction, design, and collaboration can be regarded as a first step towards how we might work together in the future.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2021/10/26 08:08

_id	acadia20_214p
id	acadia20_214p
authors	Rael, Ronald; San Fratello, Virginia; Curth, Alexander; Arja, Logman
year	2020
title	Casa Covida
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume II: Projects [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95253-6]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by M. Yablonina, A. Marcus, S. Doyle, M. del Campo, V. Ago, B. Slocum. 214-219
summary	Casa Covida advances large scale earthen additive manufacturing by establishing new methods for the creation of interconnected, partially enclosed dome structures using a lightweight SCARA robotic arm and custom toolpathing software in combination with traditional earthen construction techniques. In the time of Covid-19, digital fabrication and construction are made difficult by a diminished supply chain and the safety concerns associated with a large team. In this project, we use local material, dug from the site itself, and two-three people working outdoors in a socially distanced manner. Three rooms are printed on-site in 500mm intervals by shifting the 3D printer between stations connected by a low-cost 4th-axis constructed from plywood. This system allows virtually simultaneous construction between domes, continuously printing without waiting for drying time on one structure so that a continued cycle of printing can proceed through the three stations 2-4 times a day, thereby minimizing machine downtime. The machine control software used in this project has been developed from the framework of Potterware, a tool built by our team to allow non-technical users to design and 3D print functional ceramics through an interactive web interface.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2021/10/26 08:08

_id	sigradi2022_246
id	sigradi2022_246
authors	Bustos Lopez, Gabriela; Aguirre, Erwin
year	2022
title	Walking the Line: UX-XR Design Experiment for Ephemeral Installations in Pandemic Times
source	Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 699–710
summary	Throughout COVID 19 Pandemic since 2020, it was necessary to generate instructional strategies including digital platforms for creative processes in architecture. This article exposes an experience that integrates pedagogical, operational, and technical dimensions in architecture virtual teaching. A pedagogical methodology was designed and implemented, fusing User Experience (UX) and Extended Reality (XR) during the architectural design process in a virtual experimental studio. The use of UX-XR as a designing-reviewing strategy in architecture, positively impacted the creative experience of both students and reviewers by enriching the perception of the space and interactively simulating the user experience. A friendly, fun, and socially inclusive environment was generated for learning architecture using synthetic media and Multiuser Virtual Environments (MUVEs). The successful results of the students’ projects by phase are shown, revealing the significance of combining UX and XR, incorporating the metaverse as a canvas to review, recreate, interact, and assess architectural designs.
keywords	User Experience (UX), Extended Reality (XR), Multiuser Virtual Environments (MUVE), Virtual Campus, Usability
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2023/05/16 16:56

_id	acadia20_178
id	acadia20_178
authors	Meeran, Ahmed; Conrad Joyce, Sam
year	2020
title	Machine Learning for Comparative Urban Planning at Scale: An Aviation Case Study
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2020.1.178
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume I: Technical Papers [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95213-0]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by B. Slocum, V. Ago, S. Doyle, A. Marcus, M. Yablonina, and M. del Campo. 178-187.
summary	Aviation is in flux, experiencing 5.4% yearly growth over the last two decades. However, with COVID-19 aviation was hard hit. This, along with its contribution to global warming, has led to louder calls to limit its use. This situation emphasizes how urban planners and technologists could contribute to understanding and responding to this change. This paper explores a novel workflow of performing image-based machine learning (ML) on satellite images of over 1,000 world airports that were algorithmically collated using European Space Agency Sentinel2 API. From these, the top 350 United States airports were analyzed with land use parameters extracted around the airport using computer vision, which were mapped against their passenger footfall numbers. The results demonstrate a scalable approach to identify how easy and beneficial it would be for certain airports to expand or contract and how this would impact the surrounding urban environment in terms of pollution and congestion. The generic nature of this workflow makes it possible to potentially extend this method to any large infrastructure and compare and analyze specific features across a large number of images while being able to understand the same feature through time. This is critical in answering key typology-based urban design challenges at a higher level and without needing to perform on-ground studies, which could be expensive and time-consuming.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	acadia20_574
id	acadia20_574
authors	Nguyen, John; Peters, Brady
year	2020
title	Computational Fluid Dynamics in Building Design Practice
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2020.1.574
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume I: Technical Papers [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95213-0]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by B. Slocum, V. Ago, S. Doyle, A. Marcus, M. Yablonina, and M. del Campo. 574-583.
summary	This paper provides a state-of-the-art of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in the building industry. Two methods were used to find this new knowledge: a series of interviews with leading architecture, engineering, and software professionals; and a series of tests in which CFD software was evaluated using comparable criteria. The paper reports findings in technology, workflows, projects, current unmet needs, and future directions. In buildings, airflow is fundamental for heating and cooling, as well as occupant comfort and productivity. Despite its importance, the design of airflow systems is outside the realm of much of architectural design practice; but with advances in digital tools, it is now possible for architects to integrate air flow into their building design workflows (Peters and Peters 2018). As Chen (2009) states, “In order to regulate the indoor air parameters, it is essential to have suitable tools to predict ventilation performance in buildings.” By enabling scientific data to be conveyed in a visual process that provides useful analytical information to designers (Hartog and Koutamanis 2000), computer performance simulations have opened up new territories for design “by introducing environments in which we can manipulate and observe” (Kaijima et al. 2013). Beyond comfort and productivity, in recent months it has emerged that air flow may also be a matter of life and death. With the current global pandemic of SARS-CoV-2, it is indoor environments where infections most often happen (Qian et al. 2020). To design architecture in a post-COVID-19 environment will require an in-depth understanding of how air flows through space.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	cdrf2022_209
id	cdrf2022_209
authors	Yecheng Zhang, Qimin Zhang, Yuxuan Zhao, Yunjie Deng, Feiyang Liu, Hao Zheng
year	2022
title	Artificial Intelligence Prediction of Urban Spatial Risk Factors from an Epidemic Perspective
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8637-6_18
source	Proceedings of the 2022 DigitalFUTURES The 4st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2022)
summary	From the epidemiological perspective, previous research methods of COVID-19 are generally based on classical statistical analysis. As a result, spatial information is often not used effectively. This paper uses image-based neural networks to explore the relationship between urban spatial risk and the distribution of infected populations, and the design of urban facilities. We take the Spatio-temporal data of people infected with new coronary pneumonia before February 28 in Wuhan in 2020 as the research object. We use kriging spatial interpolation technology and core density estimation technology to establish the epidemic heat distribution on fine grid units. We further examine the distribution of nine main spatial risk factors, including agencies, hospitals, park squares, sports fields, banks, hotels, Etc., which are tested for the significant positive correlation with the heat distribution of the epidemic. The weights of the spatial risk factors are used for training Generative Adversarial Network models, which predict the heat distribution of the outbreak in a given area. According to the trained model, optimizing the relevant environment design in urban areas to control risk factors effectively prevents and manages the epidemic from dispersing. The input image of the machine learning model is a city plan converted by public infrastructures, and the output image is a map of urban spatial risk factors in the given area.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2024/05/29 14:02

_id	sigradi2020_577
id	sigradi2020_577
authors	Appendino, María José; Carboni, Lucía; Tosello, María Elena
year	2020
title	Design of a Virtual Reality device to motivate experiences of meaningful learning
source	SIGraDi 2020 [Proceedings of the 24th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Online Conference 18 - 20 November 2020, pp. 577-585
summary	With the increasing popularization of technologies such as Augmented Reality -AR- and Virtual Reality -VR-, interest aroused in studying the incorporation of these media into design disciplines higher education. The main objective of this investigation was to integrate VR and AR into the lessons, in order to motivate a meaningful learning process for students. The project was developed for a subject corresponding to the first year of the university careers of Architecture, Visual Design, and Industrial Design. This device was effectively implemented for the dictation of virtual classes, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
keywords	Virtual Tour, Design Education, Emerging Technologies
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2021/07/16 11:52

_id	caadria2021_318
id	caadria2021_318
authors	Schnabel, Marc Aurel, Kobayashi, Yoshihiro, Pencreach, Yoann, Bennadji, Amar, Choi, Dongsoo, Fiamma, Paolo, Fukuda, Tomohiro, Lo, Tian Tian, Narahara, Taro, Novak, Marcos, Ron, Ruth, Swarts, Matthew, Terzidis, Kostas, Tucker, Thomas and Vital, Rebeka
year	2021
title	Virtual World16 - Virtual Design Collaboration for the Intersection of Academia and Industry
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.2.203
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 203-212
summary	Over the past 13 years, the 'World16'-group has collaborated face-to-face on various challenges that architectural design faces within VR, architecture, urban design, and its delivery to the professional industries. The focus of the collaboration is to foster pathways of academic research and developments to industries and professions. In 2020, due to the restrictions of the pandemic, the group had to rethink and redevelop how to collaborate meaningfully and become resilient: the World16 collaborated akin to the Virtual Design Studios (VDS) of the Nineties for the first time exclusively virtually becoming the 'Virtual World16'. The paper presents the group's various projects that are transformative to the praxis in VR architecture, design and urban design, and critically reflects on the lessons learned from VDS-paradigm.
keywords	Virtual Design Studio (VDS); Human-Computer Interaction (HCI); VR,AR,XR; Collaboration; 3D City Modelling
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ascaad2021_142
id	ascaad2021_142
authors	Bakir, Ramy; Sara Alsaadani, Sherif Abdelmohsen
year	2021
title	Student Experiences of Online Design Education Post COVID-19: A Mixed Methods Study
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 142-155
summary	This paper presents findings of a survey conducted to assess students’ experiences within the online instruction stage of their architectural education during the lockdown period caused by the COVID-19 pandemic between March and June 2020. The study was conducted in two departments of architecture in both Cairo branches of the Arab Academy for Science, Technology & Maritime Transport (AASTMT), Egypt, with special focus on courses involving a CAAD component. The objective of this exploratory study was to understand students’ learning experiences within the online period, and to investigate challenges facing architectural education. A mixed methods study was used, where a questionnaire-based survey was developed to gather qualitative and quantitative data based on the opinions of a sample of students from both departments. Findings focus on the qualitative component to describe students’ experiences, with quantitative data used for triangulation purposes. Results underline students’ positive learning experiences and challenges faced. Insights regarding digital tool preferences were also revealed. Findings are not only significant in understanding an important event that caused remote architectural education in Egypt but may also serve as an important stepping-stone towards the future of design education in light of newly-introduced disruptive online learning technologies made necessary in response to lockdowns worldwide
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:13

_id	sigradi2020_89
id	sigradi2020_89
authors	Herrera, Pablo C.; García-Alvarado, Rodrigo; Braida, Frederico
year	2020
title	Architectural Transformations in the context of COVID- 19: Latin America towards a resilient, sustainable and harmless building
source	SIGraDi 2020 [Proceedings of the 24th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Online Conference 18 - 20 November 2020, pp. 89-96
summary	The 20th century demonstrated the transformation of cities and architecture, considering diseases and pandemics. With COVID-19, in less than 150 days and around the world, digital explorations emerged and illustrate the architecture transformation, and Latin America was not the exception. These explorations could become design premises for future environments, entertainment design, public spaces, health, and lifestyles after this pandemic. These explorations, supported by digital technology, will also change our ability to respond in an emergency from design, because we will learn to think of new ways to incorporate them into our processes, synchronized with its own evolution.
keywords	Architectural transformation, COVID-19, Latin-America, Pandemic, Resilience
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2021/07/16 11:48

_id	sigradi2020_586
id	sigradi2020_586
authors	Perelli Soto, Bruno; Soza Ruiz, Pedro; Tapia Zarricueta, Ricardo
year	2020
title	Towards the development of Smart Buildings: A Lowcost IoT Healthcare Management Proposal in Times of a World Pandemic
source	SIGraDi 2020 [Proceedings of the 24th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Online Conference 18 - 20 November 2020, pp. 586-593
summary	This research addresses the impact that technologies, particularly the Internet of Things, have when facing - directly or indirectly - the current panorama of a pandemic due to COVID-19. First, we review the literature and propose a context that allows for efficient clarification regarding two concerns: where should we insert this project? What are the implications and scope of such a decision? Secondly, we present experiences of implementation of IoT prototypes, which – in context - consider the education of the population of an apartment building, the mitigation and detection of COVID-19 symptoms, and the ability to obtain data from these experiences.
keywords	COVID-19, IoT, Design, Smart buildings, Lockdown
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2021/07/16 11:52

_id	sigradi2020_357
id	sigradi2020_357
authors	Pupo, Regiane Trevisan; Gomez, Luiz Salomao Ribas
year	2020
title	The importance of collaborative design process and fabrication during COVID-19 emergency – case in Brazil
source	SIGraDi 2020 [Proceedings of the 24th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Online Conference 18 - 20 November 2020, pp. 357-362
summary	The current pandemic situation, in which Brazil and the world are going through, has had devastating effects, as well as actions of adaptation, adequacy and solidarity among the world population. The latest ways of automated form materialization using digital fabrication equipment, aided by the creativity of students, teachers, and researchers, have collaborated in the creation of several artifacts around COVID-19. This article reports an experience, right at the beginning of the pandemic in Brazil, of a collaboration design process in the creation and production of an emergency equipment, from the idea to its distribution to society, in record time, preserving quality and efficiency of the proposed product.
keywords	Face Shields, FabLab, COVID-19
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2021/07/16 11:49

_id	acadia20_228
id	acadia20_228
authors	Alawadhi, Mohammad; Yan, Wei
year	2020
title	BIM Hyperreality
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2020.1.228
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume I: Technical Papers [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95213-0]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by B. Slocum, V. Ago, S. Doyle, A. Marcus, M. Yablonina, and M. del Campo. 228-236.
summary	Deep learning is expected to offer new opportunities and a new paradigm for the field of architecture. One such opportunity is teaching neural networks to visually understand architectural elements from the built environment. However, the availability of large training datasets is one of the biggest limitations of neural networks. Also, the vast majority of training data for visual recognition tasks is annotated by humans. In order to resolve this bottleneck, we present a concept of a hybrid system—using both building information modeling (BIM) and hyperrealistic (photorealistic) rendering—to synthesize datasets for training a neural network for building object recognition in photos. For generating our training dataset, BIMrAI, we used an existing BIM model and a corresponding photorealistically rendered model of the same building. We created methods for using renderings to train a deep learning model, trained a generative adversarial network (GAN) model using these methods, and tested the output model on real-world photos. For the specific case study presented in this paper, our results show that a neural network trained with synthetic data (i.e., photorealistic renderings and BIM-based semantic labels) can be used to identify building objects from photos without using photos in the training data. Future work can enhance the presented methods using available BIM models and renderings for more generalized mapping and description of photographed built environments.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	ecaade2020_047
id	ecaade2020_047
authors	Brown, Lachlan, Yip, Michael, Gardner, Nicole, Haeusler, M. Hank, Khean, Nariddh, Zavoleas, Yannis and Ramos, Cristina
year	2020
title	Drawing Recognition - Integrating Machine Learning Systems into Architectural Design Workflows
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2020.2.289
source	Werner, L and Koering, D (eds.), Anthropologic: Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age - Proceedings of the 38th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 16-18 September 2020, pp. 289-298
summary	Machine Learning (ML) has valuable applications that are yet to be proliferated in the AEC industry. Yet, ML offers arguably significant new ways to produce and assist design. However, ML tools are too often out of the reach of designers, severely limiting opportunities to improve the methods by which designers design. To address this and to optimise the practices of designers, the research aims to create a ML tool that can be integrated into architectural design workflows. Thus, this research investigates how ML can be used to universally move BIM data across various design platforms through the development of a convolutional neural network (CNN) for the recognition and labelling of rooms within floor plan images of multi-residential apartments. The effects of this computation and thinking shift will have meaningful impacts on future practices enveloping all major aspects of our built environment from designing, to construction to management.
keywords	machine learning; convolutional neural networks; labelling and classification; design recognition
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2020_290
id	ecaade2020_290
authors	Elesawy, Amr Alaaeldin, Signer, Mario, Seshadri, Bharath and Schlueter, Arno
year	2020
title	Aerial Photogrammetry in Remote Locations - A workflow for using 3D point cloud data in building energy modeling
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2020.1.723
source	Werner, L and Koering, D (eds.), Anthropologic: Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age - Proceedings of the 38th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 16-18 September 2020, pp. 723-732
summary	Building energy modelling (BEM) results are highly affected by the surrounding environment, due to the impact of solar radiation on the site. Hence, modelling the context is a crucial step in the design process. This is challenging when access to the geometrical data of the built and natural environment is unavailable as in remote villages. The acquisition of accurate data through conventional surveying proves to be costly and time consuming, especially in areas with a steep and complex terrain. Photogrammetry using drone-captured aerial images has emerged as an innovative solution to facilitate surveying and modeling. Nevertheless, the workflow of translating the photogrammetry output from data points to surfaces readable by BEM tools proves to be tedious and unclear. This paper presents a streamlined and reproducible approach for constructing accurate building models from photogrammetric data points to use for architectural design and energy analysis in early design stage projects.
keywords	Building Energy Modeling; Photogrammetry; 3D Point Clouds; Low-energy architecture; Multidisciplinary design; Education
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	caadria2020_272
id	caadria2020_272
authors	Erhan, Halil, Abuzuraiq, Ahmed M., Zarei, Maryam, AlSalman, Osama, Woodbury, Robert and Dill, John
year	2020
title	What do Design Data say About Your Model? - A Case Study on Reliability and Validity
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2020.1.557
source	D. Holzer, W. Nakapan, A. Globa, I. Koh (eds.), RE: Anthropocene, Design in the Age of Humans - Proceedings of the 25th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-6 August 2020, pp. 557-567
summary	Parametric modeling systems are widely used in architectural design. Their use for designing complex built environments raises important practical challenges when composed by multiple people with diverse interests and using mostly unverified computational modules. Through a case study, we investigate possible concerns identifiable from a real-world collaborative design setting and how such concerns can be revealed through interactive data visualizations of parametric models. We then present our approach for resolving these concerns using a design analytic workflow for examine their reliability and validity. We summarize the lessons learnt from the case study, such as the importance of an abundance of test cases, reproducible design instances, accessing and interacting with data during all phases of design, and seeking high cohesion and decoupling between design geometry and evaluation components. We suggest a systematic integration of design modeling and analytics for enhancing a reliable design decision-making.
keywords	Model Reliability; Model Validity; Parametric Modeling; Design Analytics; Design Visualization
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

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