Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	acadia20_638
id	acadia20_638
authors	Claypool, Mollie; Jimenez Garcia, Manuel; Retsin, Gilles; Jaschke, Clara; Saey, Kevin
year	2020
title	Discrete Automation
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2020.1.638
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume I: Technical Papers [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95213-0]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by B. Slocum, V. Ago, S. Doyle, A. Marcus, M. Yablonina, and M. del Campo. 638-647.
summary	Globally, the built environment is inequitable. And while construction automation is often heralded as the solution to labor shortages and the housing crisis, such methods tend to focus on technology, neglecting the wider socioeconomic contexts. Automated Architecture (AUAR), a spinoff of AUAR Labs at The Bartlett School of Architecture, UCL, asserts that a values-centered, decentralized approach to automation centered around local communities can begin to address this material hegemony. The paper introduces and discusses AUAR’s platform-based framework, Discrete Automation, which subverts the status quo of automation that excludes those who are already disadvantaged into an inclusive network capable of providing solutions to both the automation gap and the assembly problem. Through both the wider context of existing modular housing platforms and issues of the current use of automated technologies in architectural production, Discrete Automation is discussed through the example of Block Type A, a discrete timber building system, which in conjunction with its combinatorial app constitutes the base of a community-led housing platform developed by AUAR. Built case studies are introduced alongside a discussion of the applied methodologies and an outlook on the platform’s potential for scalability in an equitable, sustainable manner.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	ijac202018304
id	ijac202018304
authors	Aagaard, Anders Kruse and Niels Martin Larsen
year	2020
title	Developing a fabrication workflow for irregular sawlogs
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 18 - no. 3, 270-283
summary	In this article, we suggest using contemporary manufacturing technologies to integrate material properties with architectural design tools, revealing new possibilities for the use of wood in architecture. Through an investigative approach, material capacities and fabrication methods are explored and combined towards establishing new workflows and architectural expressions, where material, fabrication and result are closely interlinked. The experimentation revolves around discarded, crooked oak logs, doomed to be used as firewood due to their irregularity. This project treats their diverging shapes differently by offering unique processing to each log informed by its particularities. We suggest here a way to use the natural forms and properties of sawlogs to generate new structures and spatial conditions. In this article, we discuss the scope of this approach and provide an example of a workflow for handling the discrete shapes of natural sawlogs in a system that involve the collection of material, scanning/digitisation, handling of a stockpile, computer analysis, design and robotic manufacturing. The creation of this specific method comes from a combination of investigation of wood as a material, review of existing research in the field, studies of the production lines in the current wood industry and experimentation through our in-house laboratory facilities. As such, the workflow features several solutions for handling the complex and different shapes and data of natural wood logs in a highly digitised machining and fabrication environment. This up-cycling of discarded wood supply establishes a non-standard workflow that utilises non-standard material stock and leads to a critical articulation of today’s linear material economy. The project becomes part of an ambition to reach sustainable development goals and technological innovation in global and resource-intensive architecture and building industry.
keywords	Natural wood, robotic fabrication, computation, fabrication, research by design
series	journal
email
last changed	2020/11/02 13:34

_id	sigradi2020_953
id	sigradi2020_953
authors	Abdallah, Yomna K.; Estevez, Alberto T.
year	2020
title	Methodology of Implementing Transformative Bioactive Hybrids in Built Environment to Achieve Sustainability
source	SIGraDi 2020 [Proceedings of the 24th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Online Conference 18 - 20 November 2020, pp. 953-961
summary	Discrete responsive systems lack functional autonomous transformation, in response to environmental conditions and users' demands; due to shortage in direct integration of biological intelligence. Bioactive hybrids are sufficient solutions as they perform independente self-replication, differentiation of cellular structure, active metabolism, spatial propagation, adaptation, transformation, and morphogenesis. In this paper, a methodology is proposed for the design, fabrication and implementation of these hybrids in the built environment; highlighting their sustainability potentials, by merging synthetic biology, bioengineering and bioprinting, to achieve multiscale active responsiveness. The current work is part of research in biosynthesizing fibroblasts as transformative material in architectural sustainability.
keywords	Transformative hybrids, Biodigital, Bioprinting, Robotic materials, Bioengineered systems
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2021/07/16 11:53

_id	ecaade2020_076
id	ecaade2020_076
authors	Bai, Nan, Azadi, Shervin, Nourian, Pirouz and Pereira Roders, Ana
year	2020
title	Decision-Making as a Social Choice Game - Gamifying an urban redevelopment process in search for consensus
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2020.2.555
source	Werner, L and Koering, D (eds.), Anthropologic: Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age - Proceedings of the 38th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 16-18 September 2020, pp. 555-564
summary	The paper reports the formulation, the design, and the results of a serious game developed for structuring negotiations concerning the redevelopment of a university campus with various stakeholders. The main aim of this research was to formulate the redevelopment planning problem as an abstract and discrete decision-making problem involving multiple actions, multiple actors with preconceived gains and losses with respect to the comprising actions, and decisions as combinations of actions. Using fictitious and yet realistic scenarios and stakeholders as simulation, the results evidence how different levels of democratic participation and different modes of moderation can affect reaching a consensus and present in a mathematical characterisation of a consensus as a state of equilibrium. The small set of actions and actors enabled a chance to compute a theoretically optimal state of consensus, where the efficiency and the effectiveness of different modes of moderation and participatory rights could be observed and analysed.
keywords	Serious Game; Consensus Building; Democratization; Game Theory; Social Decision
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2020_240
id	ecaade2020_240
authors	Bouza, Hayley and Aºut, Serdar
year	2020
title	Advancing Reed-Based Architecture through Circular Digital Fabrication
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2020.1.117
source	Werner, L and Koering, D (eds.), Anthropologic: Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age - Proceedings of the 38th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 16-18 September 2020, pp. 117-126
summary	This paper presents a completed research project that proposes a new approach for creating circular buildings through the use of biodegradable, in situ resources with the help of computational design and digital fabrication technologies. Common Reed (Phragmites Australis) is an abundantly available natural material found throughout the world. Reed is typically used for thatch roofing in Europe, providing insulation and a weather-tight surface. Elsewhere, traditional techniques of weaving and bundling reeds have long been used to create entire buildings. The use of a digital production chain was explored as a means towards expanding the potential of reed as a sustainable, locally produced, construction material. Following an iterative process of designing from the micro to the macro scale and by experimenting with robotic assembly, the result is a reed-based system in the form of discrete components that can be configured to create a variety of structures.
keywords	Phragmites Australis; Reed; Discrete Design; Robotic Assembly; Circular Design; Biodegradable Architecture
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia20_594
id	acadia20_594
authors	Farahbakhsh, Mehdi; Kalantar, Negar; Rybkowski, Zofia
year	2020
title	Impact of Robotic 3D Printing Process Parameters on Bond Strength
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2020.1.594
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume I: Technical Papers [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95213-0]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by B. Slocum, V. Ago, S. Doyle, A. Marcus, M. Yablonina, and M. del Campo. 594-603.
summary	Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, offers advantages over traditional construction technologies, increasing material efficiency, fabrication precision, and speed. However, many AM projects in academia and industrial institutions do not comply with building codes. Consequently, they are not considered safe structures for public utilization and have languished as exhibition prototypes. While three discrete scales—micro, mezzo, and macro—are investigated for AM with paste in this paper, structural integrity has been tackled on the mezzo scale to investigate the impact of process parameters on the bond strength between layers in an AM process. Real-world material deposition in a robotic-assisted AM process is subject to environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, the load of upper layers, the pressure of the nozzle on printed layers, etc. Those factors add a secondary geometric characteristic to the printed objects that was missing in the initial digital model. This paper introduces a heuristic workflow for investigating the impacts of three selective process parameters on the bond strength between layers of paste in the robotic-assisted AM of large-scale structures. The workflow includes a method for adding the secondary geometrical characteristic to the initial 3D model by employing X-ray computerized tomography (CT) scanning, digital image processing, and 3D reconstruction. Ultimately, the proposed workflow offers a pattern library that can be used by an architect or artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms in automated AM processes to create robust architectural forms.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	acadia20_416
id	acadia20_416
authors	Genadt, Ariel
year	2020
title	Discrete Continuity in the Urban Architectures of H. Hara & K. Kuma
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2020.1.416
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume I: Technical Papers [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95213-0]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by B. Slocum, V. Ago, S. Doyle, A. Marcus, M. Yablonina, and M. del Campo. 416-424.
summary	The 2020 pandemic has laid bare the ambiguous value of the virtual proximity that distributed computing enables. The remote interaction it ushered in at an unprecedented scale also spawned social isolation, which is symbolically underscored by the reliance of this form of connectivity on individuals’ discrete digital identification. This cyber-spatial dualism may be called ‘discrete continuity,’ and it already appeared in architectural thought in the 1960s with the advent of cybernetics and the first computers. The duality resurfaced in the 1990s in virtual projects, when architectural software was first widely commercialized, and it reappeared in built form in the past decade. This paper sheds light on the architectural aspects of this conceptual duality by identifying the use of discreteness and continuity in the theories of two Japanese architects, Hiroshi Hara (b.1936) and his former student, Kengo Kuma (b.1954), in their attempts to combine the two topological conditions as metaphors of societal structures. They demonstrate that the onset of the current condition, while new in its pervasiveness, has been latent in architectural thinking for several decades. This paper examines Hara’s and Kuma’s theories in light of the author’s interviews with the architects, their writings, and specific projects that illustrate metaphoric translations of topological terms into social structures, reflected in turn in the organization of urban schemes and building parts. While Hara’s and Kuma’s respective implementations are poles apart visually and materially, they share the idea that the discrete continuity of contemporary urban experience ought to be reflected in architecture. This link between their ideas has previously been overlooked.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	acadia20_182p
id	acadia20_182p
authors	Grasser, Alexander; Parger, Alexandra; Hirschberg, Urs
year	2020
title	Realtime Architecture Platform: CollabWood
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume II: Projects [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95253-6]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by M. Yablonina, A. Marcus, S. Doyle, M. del Campo, V. Ago, B. Slocum. 182-187
summary	This project presents a Realtime Architecture Platform applied in a telepresence design studio to design and construct the CollabWood prototype. The platform, developed by the authors, enables an open workflow to collaborate and design in unity. It provides a persistent online environment for real-time architectural production. The work method is based on the concept of collaborative objects and distributed designers. These collaborative objects are the shared content: discrete parts, prefabs, or blocks that enable interaction, communication, and collaboration between its users and owners. The distributed designers can contribute by instantiating these collaborative objects. Users placing an object react to the local neighboring conditions and therefore add their embodied design decision to the global architecture. The users get immersed in digital proximity by communicating through the integrated chat or digital calls, discussing strategies, debating design intentions, analyzing the built structure, and scanning for improvements. This pervasive collaboration lays the foundation for a democratization of the design process. As a proof of concept, this method was implemented with 20 students in a telepresence design studio. The participants embraced the real-time workflow and applied the collaborative tool throughout the semester from different locations and time zones. Using the platform to design the CollabWood prototype in real-time collaboratively was realized as a 1:1 project with local, accessible material and AR technology for assembly. The global pandemic accelerated the importance of collaboration. Realtime Architecture Platform’s response of providing an accessible common platform for real-time interaction, design, and collaboration can be regarded as a first step towards how we might work together in the future.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2021/10/26 08:08

_id	cdrf2019_79
id	cdrf2019_79
authors	Guyi Yi1 and Ilaria Di Carlo
year	2020
title	Cyborgian Approach of Eco-interaction Design Based on Machine Intelligence and Embodied Experience
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4400-6_8
source	Proceedings of the 2020 DigitalFUTURES The 2nd International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2020)
summary	The proliferation of digital technology has swelled the amount of time people spent in cyberspace and weakened our sensibility of the physical world. Human beings in this digital era are already cyborgs as the smart devices have become an integral part of our life. Imagining a future where human totally give up mobile phones and embrace nature is neither realistic nor reasonable. What we should aim to explore is the opportunities and capabilities of digital technology in terms of fighting against its own negative effect - cyber addiction, and working as a catalyst that re-embeds human into outdoor world. Cyborgian systems behave through embedded intelligence in the environment and discrete wearable devices for human. In this way, cyborgian approach enables designers to take advantages of digital technologies to achieve two objectives: one is to improve the quality of environment by enhancing our understanding of nonhuman creatures; the other is to encourage a proper level of human participation without disturbing eco-balance. Finally, this paper proposed a cyborgian eco-interaction design model which combines top-down and bottom-up logics and is organized by the Internet of Things, so as to provide a possible solution to the concern that technologies are isolating human and nature.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:51

_id	ijac202018301
id	ijac202018301
authors	Ladron de Guevara, Manuel; Luis Ricardo Borunda, Daragh Byrne, and Ramesh Krishnamurti
year	2020
title	Multi-resolution in architecture as a design driver for additive manufacturing applications
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 18 - no. 3, 218-234
summary	Additive manufacturing is evolving toward more sophisticated territory for architects and designers, mainly through the increased use of scripting tools. Recognizing this, we present a design and fabrication pipeline comprised of a class of techniques for fabrication and methods of design through discrete computational models. These support a process responsive to varied design intents: this structured workflow expands the design and fabrication space of any input shape, without having to explicitly deal with the complexity of discrete models beforehand. We discuss a multi-resolution-based methodology that incorporates discrete computational methods, spatial additive manufacturing with both robotic and commercial three-dimensional printers, as well as, a free-oriented technique. Finally, we explore the impact of computational power on design outcome, examining in-depth the concept of resolution as a design driver.
keywords	Multi-resolution, discrete models, customized fabrication, differentiated infills, design methodology
series	journal
email
last changed	2020/11/02 13:34

_id	ecaade2020_172
id	ecaade2020_172
authors	Leder, Samuel, Weber, Ramon, Vasey, Lauren, Yablonina, Maria and Menges, Achim
year	2020
title	Voxelcrete - Distributed voxelized adaptive formwork
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2020.2.433
source	Werner, L and Koering, D (eds.), Anthropologic: Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age - Proceedings of the 38th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 16-18 September 2020, pp. 433-442
summary	Advances in computational form finding and simulation enable the creation of highly efficient structurally aware freeform geometries. Using significantly less material than standardized building elements there are significant challenges in their materialization. We present Voxelcrete, a discrete, voxel-based, reconfigurable slip formwork system for the creation of non-standard concrete structures. We aim to transition from highly individualized and complex formworks tailored for individual structures to simple formworks that can be reused and reconfigured to realize a variety of designs. Voxelcrete is a robotically tended formwork system in which modular formwork units are iteratively arranged for continuous casts of concrete. The system allows for the production of large scale concrete objects using reconfigurable, adaptive formwork. This paper shows the conceptualization and development of the system and expands on the existing notion of adaptive formwork
keywords	Reconfigurable Formwork; Concrete Construction; Robotic Fabrication; Voxels; Discrete Architecture
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	cdrf2019_114
id	cdrf2019_114
authors	Namju Lee
year	2020
title	Understanding and Analyzing the Characteristics of the Third Place in Urban Design: A Methodology for Discrete and Continuous Data in Environmental Design
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4400-6_11
source	Proceedings of the 2020 DigitalFUTURES The 2nd International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2020)
summary	With a rapid development of data-driven technologies, many opportunities have arisen to understand and characterize urban contexts. This paper addresses the methodology to understand a place in urban settings through the lens of third places and motility based on the walkable distance. To capture and process third-place data, fetched from Google Places, based on a given location, this paper discuses two data structures and process of discrete and continuous data. Representation of third places in a specific location of a city is characterized by representative queries. Its identified chart as a perspective of understanding a designated area could compare with other charts in different places. This method allows us to distinguish the constitution of third places based on the distance among places, enabling us to develop design strategies to differentiate or accord the sites based on mobility. The goal is to set up a method to process, interpolate, and visualize discrete and continuous urban data with representative queries of third places based on distance.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:51

_id	acadia20_170p
id	acadia20_170p
authors	Pawlowska, Gosia
year	2020
title	Viscous Catenary
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume II: Projects [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95253-6]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by M. Yablonina, A. Marcus, S. Doyle, M. del Campo, V. Ago, B. Slocum. 170-175
summary	Viscous Catenary is a free-form architectural glass structure that embeds material logic in a distributed system. Multi-curved panels are joined in a ‘catenary channel glass’ assembly, expressing the inherent behavior of the material at high temperatures. Float glass will typically achieve a level of viscosity at 1200°F (650°C), formed in a kiln by draping or “slumping. This hybrid fabrication process combines low-tech hardware and modern digital technologies. Glass panels were formed in a traditional kiln over a set of interchangeable waterjet-cut steel profiles or a repositionable tooling system. Parametric design in Grasshopper was essential to establish a discrete number of unique formwork elements and subdivide the overall geometry by panel size. In this case, each panel in the system was draped over four steel profiles. The formwork encourages a specific curvature in the glass, most precisely at the locations of folding. These moments of control allow the panels to align at their folds and join in an assembly by splice-lamination. Between the folds, the material remains free to shape itself, responding to its thickness, span, time, and temperature- into an undetermined “viscous catenary.” Selectively programming the geometry allows for a degree of material agency to remain in the system. This method differs from existing curved architectural glass, which would typically be pressed into a fully deterministic mold, leaving no opportunity for emergent morphologies. A pilot installation joined using transparent silicone adhesive achieved a height of 90cm with overlapping 30cm tall panels. Laser 3-d scanning between fabrication and assembly helped evaluate the fit between adjacent panels, identifying locations that required reinforcement. More research is needed to improve tolerances and overcome limitations in the adhesive before scaling up the fabrication system. Viscous Catenary succeeds in questioning the formal and structural potential of matter-driven curved architectural glass assemblies.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2021/10/26 08:03

_id	caadria2020_089
id	caadria2020_089
authors	Poinet, Paul, Stefanescu, Dimitrie and Papadonikolaki, Eleni
year	2020
title	Web-Based Distributed Design to Fabrication Workflows
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2020.1.095
source	D. Holzer, W. Nakapan, A. Globa, I. Koh (eds.), RE: Anthropocene, Design in the Age of Humans - Proceedings of the 25th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-6 August 2020, pp. 95-104
summary	As architectural design projects tend to tackle larger scales and become more complex, multiple involved actors often need to work from different remote locations. This increased complexity impacts the digital design-to-fabrication workflows that become more challenging, as each actor involved in a project operates on different software environments and needs to access precise fabrication data of specific design components. Consequently, managing and keeping track of design changes throughout the design-to-fabrication workflow still remains a challenge for all actors involved. This paper discusses how this challenge can be tackled through both Speckle, a complete open source data platform for the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC), and SpeckleViz, a custom web-based interactive Activity Network Diagram (AND) built upon Speckle. SpeckleViz continuously maps data transfers across design and building processes, enabling the end-users to explore, interact and get a better understanding of the constantly evolving digital design workflows. This is demonstrated in this paper through a computational design and digital fabrication workshop conducted at the Centro de Estudios Superiores de DiseÃ±o de Monterrey (CEDIM), during which an integrative, file-less collaborative design workflow has been set through Speckle, connecting different Rhino-Grasshopper sessions acting as discrete computational design pipelines.
keywords	Collaborative Workflows; Distributed Design; Activity Network Diagram; Data Flow
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	ecaade2020_395
id	ecaade2020_395
authors	Xian, Ziju, Hoban, Nicholas and Peters, Brady
year	2020
title	Spatial Timber Assembly - Robotically Fabricated Reciprocal Frame Wall
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2020.2.403
source	Werner, L and Koering, D (eds.), Anthropologic: Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age - Proceedings of the 38th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 16-18 September 2020, pp. 403-412
summary	Though highly robust and economical, traditional lamella and reciprocal structural systems cannot adapt to surfaces with complex double curvature; as the timber members are standardized with no variation. Recent research has explored the use of computation for design, structural optimization, and use of robotic systems for the automated fabrication of timber joints. The disconnection between fabrication and assembly makes the construction of non-uniform double-curved reciprocal frames challenging, due to the required precise placement of discrete members with compound angle butt joints. This project investigates the use of robotic fabrication to cut and assemble a timber reciprocal frame assembly. A computational model was created to generate the double-curved reciprocal frame geometry. Within this computational framework, joint analysis, fabrication, and assembly were monitored and adjusted to meet limiting factors. An industrial robot was implemented as a bridge between the computational model and the physical construction. This paper presents a number of novel computational and robotic fabrication techniques in designing, cutting, and positioning. These techniques were explored through the robotic fabrication and assembly of a demonstrator - a double-curved reciprocal frame wall.
keywords	Robotic Fabrication; Reciprocal Frame; Prototyping
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	caadria2020_011
id	caadria2020_011
authors	Xiao, Kai, Chen, Chen-cheng, Guo, Zhe, Wang, Xiang and Yan, Chenyun
year	2020
title	Research on Voxel-based Aggregation Design and its Fabrication
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2020.1.013
source	D. Holzer, W. Nakapan, A. Globa, I. Koh (eds.), RE: Anthropocene, Design in the Age of Humans - Proceedings of the 25th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-6 August 2020, pp. 13-22
summary	The application of aggregation structure in architecture has a long history, such as a stone wall and bucket arch. With the development of digital design technology, the aggregation structure has become more possibilities in terms of form design and rationality. However, many types of research on aggregation structure focus on a specific form or fabrication process, only a few discuss the simple design method of the discrete structure in the digital platform. Here we show an approach of aggregation structure design and fabrication based on voxel. Within the framework of six voxels, a group of "aggregation units" are designed, which are used in different parts of the aggregation structure according to the structural requirements. Finally, part of the structure is made by digital tools. We anticipate that the morphology and fabrication method of aggregation structure based on voxel framework able to provide more convenience, which not only reflected in the design process of the unit but the generation operation and optimization process of the overall structure.
keywords	Aggregation; Voxel; Digital Fabrication; Generative Design
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	acadia20_114p
id	acadia20_114p
authors	Zivkovic, Sasa; Havener, Brian; Battaglia, Christopher
year	2020
title	Log Knot
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume II: Projects [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95253-6]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by M. Yablonina, A. Marcus, S. Doyle, M. del Campo, V. Ago, B. Slocum. 114-119.
summary	Log Knot, developed by the Robotic Construction Laboratory (RCL) at Cornell University, is a robotically fabricated architectural installation that establishes a method for variable compound timber curvature creation utilizing both regular and irregular roundwood geometries. Moreover, the project develops methods for minimal formwork assembly and moment force optimization of customized mortise and tenon joints. Following the logic of a figure-8 knot, the project consists of an infinite loop of roundwood, curving three-dimensionally along its length. There are a variety of techniques to generate single curvature in wood structures – such as steam bending (Wright et al., 2013) or glue lamination (Issa and Kmeid, 2005) – but only a few techniques to generate complex curvature from raw material within a single wooden structural element exist. To construct complex curvature, the research team developed a simple method that can easily be replicated. First, the log is compartmentalized, establishing a series of discrete parts. Second, the parts are reconfigured into a complex curvature “whole” by carefully manipulating the assembly angles and joints between the logs. Timber components reconfigured in such a manner can either follow planar curvature profiles or spatial compound curvature profiles. Based on knowledge gained from the initial joinery tests, the research team developed a custom tri-fold mortise and tenon joint, which is self-supportive during assembly and able to resist bending in multiple directions. Using the tri-fold mortise and tenon joint, a number of full-scale prototypes were created to test the structural capacity of the overall assembly. Various structural optimization protocols are deployed in the Log Knot project. While the global knot form is derived from spatial considerations – albeit within the structurally sound framework of a closed-loop knot structure – the project is structurally optimized at a local level, closely calibrating structural cross-sections, joinery details, and joint rotation in relation to prevailing load conditions.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2021/10/26 08:03

_id	caadria2020_046
id	caadria2020_046
authors	Alva, Pradeep, Lee, Han Jie, Lin, Zhuoli, Mehta, Palak, Chen, Jielin and Janssen, Patrick
year	2020
title	Geo-computation for District Planning - An Agile Automated Modelling Approach
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2020.1.793
source	D. Holzer, W. Nakapan, A. Globa, I. Koh (eds.), RE: Anthropocene, Design in the Age of Humans - Proceedings of the 25th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-6 August 2020, pp. 793-802
summary	This paper focuses on developing a novel geo-computational methodology for automating the generation of design options for district planning. The knowledge contribution focuses on the ability of the planners and designers to interact with and override the automated process. This approach is referred to as "agile automated modelling". The approach is demonstrated through a case study in which three adjacent districts are generated with a total area of approximately 1300 hectares. An automated modelling process is implemented based on a set of core planning principles established by the planners. The automated process generates street networks, land parcels, and 3-dimensional urban models. The process is broken down into three steps and users are then able to intervene at the end of every step to override and modify the outputs. This aims to help planners and designers to iteratively generate and assess various planning outcomes.
keywords	Geo-computation; procedural modelling; GIS; planning automation; neural network
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	artificial_intellicence2019_15
id	artificial_intellicence2019_15
authors	Antoine Picon
year	2020
title	What About Humans? Artificial Intelligence in Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6568-7_2
source	Architectural Intelligence Selected Papers from the 1st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2019)
summary	Artificial intelligence is about to reshape the architectural discipline. After discussing the relations between artificial intelligence and the broader question of automation in architecture, this article focuses on the future of the interaction between humans and intelligent machines. The way machines will understand architecture may be very different from the reading of humans. Since the Renaissance, the architectural discipline has defined itself as a conversation between different stakeholders, the designer, but also the clients and the artisans in charge of the realization of projects. How can this conversation be adapted to the rise of intelligent machines? Such a question is not only a matter of design effectiveness. It is inseparable from expressive and artistic issues. Just like the fascination of modernist architecture for industrialization was intimately linked to the quest for a new poetics of the discipline, our contemporary interest for artificial intelligence has to do with questions regarding the creative core of the architectural discipline.
series	Architectural Intelligence
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:28

_id	acadia20_708
id	acadia20_708
authors	Charbel, Hadin; López Lobato, Déborah
year	2020
title	Between Signal and Noise
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2020.1.708
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume I: Technical Papers [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95213-0]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by B. Slocum, V. Ago, S. Doyle, A. Marcus, M. Yablonina, and M. del Campo. 708-718.
summary	Climate change continues to have noticeable and accelerated impacts on various territories. Previously predictable and recognizable patterns used by humans and nonhumans alike are perpetually being altered, turning localized signals into noise and effectively disrupting indigenous modes of life. While the use of certain technologies such as data collection, machine learning, and automation can render these otherwise patternless information streams into intelligible content, they are generally associated as being “territorializing,” as an increase in resolution generally lends itself to control, exploitation, and colonization. Contrarily, indigenous groups with long-lasting relationships that have evolved over time have distinct ways of reading and engaging with their contexts, developing sustainable practices that, while effective, are often overlooked as being compatible with contemporary tools. This paper examines how the use of traditionally territorializing technologies can be paired with indigenous knowledge and protocols in order to operate between signal and noise, rendering perverse changes in the landscape comprehensible while also presenting their applications as a facet for sociopolitical, cultural, and ecological adaptation. A methodology defined as “decoding” and “recoding” presents four distinct case studies in the Arctic, addressing various scales and targets with the aim of disrupting current trends in order to grant and/or retain autonomy through what can be read as a form of preservation via augmented adaptation.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

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