Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	artificial_intellicence2019_147
id	artificial_intellicence2019_147
authors	Ding Wen Bao, Xin Yan, Roland Snooks, and Yi Min Xie
year	2020
title	Bioinspired Generative Architectural Design Form-Finding and Advanced Robotic Fabrication Based on Structural Performance
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6568-7_10
source	Architectural Intelligence Selected Papers from the 1st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2024)
summary	Due to the potential to generate forms with high efficiency and elegant geometry, topology optimization is widely used in architectural and structural designs. This paper presents a working flow of form-finding and robotic fabrication based BESO (Bi-directional Evolutionary Structure Optimization) optimization method. In case there are some other functional requirements or condition limitations, some useful modifications are also implemented in the process. With this kind of working flow, it is convenient to foreknow or control the structural optimization direction before the optimization process. Furthermore, some fabrication details of the optimized model will be discussed because there are also many notable technical points between computational optimization and robotic fabrication.
series	Architectural Intelligence
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:28

_id	artificial_intellicence2019_207
id	artificial_intellicence2019_207
authors	Hao Zheng
year	2020
title	Form Finding and Evaluating Through Machine Learning: The Prediction of Personal Design Preference in Polyhedral Structures
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6568-7_13
source	Architectural Intelligence Selected Papers from the 1st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2025)
summary	3D Graphic Statics (3DGS) is a geometry-based structural design and analysis method, helping designers to generate 3D polyhedral forms by manipulating force diagrams with given boundary conditions. By subdividing 3D force diagrams with different rules, a variety of forms can be generated, resulting in more members with shorter lengths and richer overall complexity in forms. However, it is hard to evaluate the preference toward different forms from the aspect of aesthetics, especially for a specific architect with his own scene of beauty and taste of forms. Therefore, this article proposes a method to quantify the design preference of forms using machine learning and find the form with the highest score based on the result of the preference test from the architect. A dataset of forms was firstly generated, then the architect was asked to keep picking a favorite form from a set of forms several times in order to record the preference. After being trained with the test result, the neural network can evaluate a new inputted form with a score from 0 to 1, indicating the predicted preference of the architect, showing the possibility of using machine learning to quantitatively evaluate personal design taste.
series	Architectural Intelligence
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:28

_id	acadia20_108p
id	acadia20_108p
authors	Akbarzadeh, Masoud; Ghomi, Ali Tabatabaie; Bolhassani, Mohammad; Akbari, Mostafa; Seyedahmadian, Alireza; Papalexiou, Konstantinos
year	2020
title	Saltatur
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume II: Projects [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95253-6]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by M. Yablonina, A. Marcus, S. Doyle, M. del Campo, V. Ago, B. Slocum. 108-113.
summary	The Saltatur (Dancer in Latin) demonstrates innovative research in the design and fabrication of a prefab structure consisting of spatial concrete nodes assembled in a compression-only configuration. The compression-only body is kept in equilibrium using the post-tensioning steel rods at the top and the bottom of the structure, supporting an ultra-thin glass structure on its top. A node-based assembly was considered as a method of construction. An innovative detailing was developed that allows locking each member in its exact location in the body, obviating the need for a particular assembly sequence. A bespoke steel connection transfers the tensile forces between the concrete members effectively. Achieving a high level of efficiency in utilizing concrete for spatial systems requires a robust and powerful structural design and fabrication approach that has been meticulously exhibited in this project. The structural form of the project was developed using a three-dimensional geometry-based structural design method known as 3D Graphic Statics with precise control over the magnitude of the lateral forces in the system. The entire concrete body of the structure is held in compression by the tension ties at the top and bottom of the structure with no horizontal reactions at the supports. This particular internal distribution of forces in the form of the compression-only body reduces the bending moment in the system and, therefore, the required mass to span such a distance.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2021/10/26 08:03

_id	sigradi2020_203
id	sigradi2020_203
authors	Chiarella, Mauro; Gronda, Ma. Luciana; Veizaga, Martín W.
year	2020
title	FLEXO.IN-FORM. Laminary envelopes to active flexion through geometric-material optimization processes
source	SIGraDi 2020 [Proceedings of the 24th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Online Conference 18 - 20 November 2020, pp. 203-208
summary	Flexo.In-Form. is a prototype derived from an experimental exercise to verify the structural effort of active flexion. Bending behavior is used as a design tool applied to structures that base their geometry on the elastic deformation of flat elements. Through "Integrative Processes" and a "Performance-Oriented Design Approach", the operational relationship between active mechanical mechanisms, material performance and geometric design has been enhanced. The proposed geometric and material optimization process extends the experiences with physical models of complex shapes through computational numerical calculation and its possibilities of simulation and digital evaluation.
keywords	Performance, Form-finding, Parametric Design, Physical Simulation, Digital Manufacturing
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2021/07/16 11:48

_id	ecaade2021_257
id	ecaade2021_257
authors	Cichocka, Judyta Maria, Loj, Szymon and Wloczyk, Marta Magdalena
year	2021
title	A Method for Generating Regular Grid Configurations on Free-From Surfaces for Structurally Sound Geodesic Gridshells
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.493
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 493-502
summary	Gridshells are highly efficient, lightweight structures which can span long distances with minimal use of material (Vassallo & Malek 2017). One of the most promising and novel categories of gridshells are bending-active (elastic) systems (Lienhard & Gengnagel 2018), which are composed of flexible members (Kuijenhoven & Hoogenboom 2012). Timber elastic gridshells can be site-sprung or sequentially erected (geodesic). While a lot of research focus is on the site-sprung ones, the methods for design of sequentially-erected geodesic gridshells remained underdeveloped (Cichocka 2020). The main objective of the paper is to introduce a method of generating regular geodesic grid patterns on free-form surfaces and to examine its applicability to design structurally feasible geodesic gridshells. We adopted differential geometry methods of generating regular bidirectional geodesic grids on free-form surfaces. Then, we compared the structural performance of the regular and the irregular grids of the same density on three free-form surfaces. The proposed method successfully produces the regular geodesic grid patterns on the free-form surfaces with varying curvature-richness. Our analysis shows that gridshells with regular grid configurations perform structurally better than those with irregular patterns. We conclude that the presented method can be readily used and can expand possibilities of application of geodesic gridshells.
keywords	elastic timber gridshell; bending-active structure; grid configuration optimization; computational differential geometry; material-based design methodology; free-form surface; pattern; geodesic
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	sigradi2020_863
id	sigradi2020_863
authors	Jalkh, Heidi
year	2020
title	Morpho-Active Materials: Fabricating auxetic structures with bioinspired behavior
source	SIGraDi 2020 [Proceedings of the 24th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Online Conference 18 - 20 November 2020, pp. 863-869
summary	This practice-led research lies at the intersection of design, craft, materials science, and biology. Inspired by the responsive mechanism of plant’s biological actuators, and Nature's outstanding capacity of attaining maximal performances while using minimum resources. This thesis explores how to achieve a higher level of integration between the generation of form and behavior with its materialization and fabrication.This research proposes to endow a conventional laminar elastic material with unconventional behavior. Taking as inspiration plants biological actuators, which allows them to sense and adapt according to different environmental stimuli. We explored, developed, and fabricated a range of cellular structures (and in particular auxetics) that have out of the plane shape morphing capabilities, displaying a distinctive behavior in response to a design pattern (spatial cell arrangement) and an actuating force.The final design is a material/geometry-based actuator with reversible behavior, an active material with integrated tunable and responsive capacity which provides the capabilities to sense, adapt and respond to external stimuli within the structure of the material.
keywords	Bioinspired, Auxetic Materials, Shape-shifting, Active matter, Soft matter
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2021/07/16 11:53

_id	cdrf2019_265
id	cdrf2019_265
authors	Yue Qi, Ruqing Zhong, Benjamin Kaiser, Long Nguyen,Hans Jakob Wagner, Alexander Verl, and Achim Menges
year	2020
title	Working with Uncertainties: An Adaptive Fabrication Workflow for Bamboo Structures
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4400-6_25
source	Proceedings of the 2020 DigitalFUTURES The 2nd International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2020)
summary	This paper presents and investigates a cyber-physical fabrication work-flow, which can respond to the deviations between built- and designed form in realtime with vision augmentation. We apply this method for large scale structures built from natural bamboo poles. Raw bamboo poles obtain evolutionarily optimized fibrous layouts ideally suitable for lightweight and sustainable building construction. Nevertheless, their intrinsically imprecise geometries pose a challenge for reliable, automated construction processes. Despite recent digital advancements, building with bamboo poles is still a labor-intensive task and restricted to building typologies where accuracy is of minor importance. The integration of structural bamboo poles with other building layers is often limited by tolerance issues at the interfaces, especially for large scale structures where deviations accumulate incrementally. To address these challenges, an adaptive fabrication process is developed, in which existing deviations can be compensated by changing the geometry of subsequent joints to iteratively correct the pose of further elements. A vision-based sensing system is employed to three-dimensionally scan the bamboo elements before and during construction. Computer vision algorithms are used to process and interpret the sensory data. The updated conditions are streamed to the computational model which computes tailor-made bending stiff joint geometries that can then be directly fabricated on-the-fly. In this paper, we contextualize our research and investigate the performance domains of the proposed workflow through initial fabrication tests. Several application scenarios are further proposed for full scale vision-augmented bamboo construction systems.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:51

_id	acadia20_208
id	acadia20_208
authors	Zheng, Hao; Wang, Xinyu; Qi, Zehua; Sun, Shixuan; Akbarzadeh, Masoud
year	2020
title	Generating and Optimizing a Funicular Arch Floor Structure
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2020.2.208
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume I: Technical Papers [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95213-0]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by B. Slocum, V. Ago, S. Doyle, A. Marcus, M. Yablonina, and M. del Campo. 208-217.
summary	In this paper, we propose a geometry-based generative design method to generate and optimize a floor structure with funicular building members. This method challenges the antiquated column system, which has been used for more than a century. By inputting the floor plan with the positions of columns, designers can generate a variety of funicular supporting structures, expanding the choice of floor structure designs beyond simply columns and beams and encouraging the creation of architectural spaces with more diverse design elements. We further apply machine learning techniques (artificial neural networks) to evaluate and optimize the structural performance and constructability of the funicular structure, thus finding the optimal solutions within the almost infinite solution space. To achieve this, a machine learning model is trained and used as a fast evaluator to help the evolutionary algorithm find the optimal designs. This interdisciplinary method combines computer science and structural design, providing flexible design choices for generating floor structures.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	sigradi2020_238
id	sigradi2020_238
authors	Álvarez, Marcelo; Bernal, Marcelo; Castro, Carlos
year	2020
title	Modeling technique for vault-like structure generation through topological manipulation
source	SIGraDi 2020 [Proceedings of the 24th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Online Conference 18 - 20 November 2020, pp. 238-245
summary	This study is based on the development of a modeling technique for vault-like structure generation through topological manipulation. Currently, topology-driven form-finding has been implemented in tensile structures, but no further studies have been conducted for compression-only structures. The focus of this study is to approach the problem of highly determined vault shapes by their input topology. The technique operates at the topological level between vertices and edges to create an input 2D topology map. The particle-spring system uses such a map to simulate the resulting 3D mesh geometry. For testing purposes, we explore three generative approaches. The results show the effectiveness of the technique to manipulate the topological relationships that controls the generation of the funicular structures.
keywords	Form-finding, Funicular, Particle-spring system, Design space, Topology
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2021/07/16 11:48

_id	ecaade2020_184
id	ecaade2020_184
authors	Kycia, Agata and Guiducci, Lorenzo
year	2020
title	Self-shaping Textiles - A material platform for digitally designed, material-informed surface elements
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2020.2.021
source	Werner, L and Koering, D (eds.), Anthropologic: Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age - Proceedings of the 38th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 16-18 September 2020, pp. 21-30
summary	Despite the cutting edge developments in science and technology, architecture to a large extent still tends to favor form over matter by forcing materials into predefined, often superficial geometries, with functional aspects relegated to materials or energy demanding mechanized systems. Biomaterials research has instead shown a variety of physical architectures in which form and matter are intimately related (Fratzl, Weinkamer, 2007). We take inspiration from the morphogenetic processes taking place in plants' leaves (Sharon et al., 2007), where intricate three-dimensional surfaces originate from in-plane growth distributions, and propose the use of 3D printing on pre-stretched textiles (Tibbits, 2017) as an alternative, material-based, form-finding technique. We 3D print open fiber bundles, analyze the resulting wrinkling phenomenon and use it as a design strategy for creating three-dimensional textile surfaces. As additive manufacturing becomes more and more affordable, materials more intelligent and robust, the proposed form-finding technique has a lot of potential for designing efficient textile structures with optimized structural performance and minimal usage of material.
keywords	self-shaping textiles; material form-finding; wrinkling; surface instabilities; bio-inspired design; leaf morphogenesis
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	acadia20_226p
id	acadia20_226p
authors	Borhani, Alireza; Kalantar, Negar
year	2020
title	Interlocking Shell
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume II: Projects [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95253-6]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by M. Yablonina, A. Marcus, S. Doyle, M. del Campo, V. Ago, B. Slocum. 226-231
summary	With a specific focus on robotic stereotomy, two full-scale vault structures were designed to explore the potential of self-standing building structures made from interlocking components; these structures were fabricated with a track-mounted industrial-scale robot (ABB 4600). To respond to the economic affordances of robotic subtractive cutting, all uniquely shaped structural modules came from one block of material (48"" x96"" x36""). Through the discretization of curvilinear tessellated vault surfaces into a limited number of uniquely shaped modules with embedded form-fitting connectors, the project exhibited the potential for programming a robot to cut ruled surfaces to produce freeform shells of any kind. Representing nearly zero-waste construction, the developed technology can potentially be used for self-supporting emergency shelters and field medical clinics, facilitating easy shipping and speedy assembly. Without using any scaffolding, a few people can erect and dismantle an entire mortar-free structure at the construction site. The disassembled structure occupies minimal space in storage, and the structure’s pieces can be transported to the site in stacks. Robot milling is a common technique for removing material to transform a block into a sculptural shape. Unlike milling techniques that produce significant waste, we used a hotwire that sliced through a Geofoam block to create almost no waste pieces. Since the front side of every module was concurrent with the backside of the next one, such a decision allowed to operate just one cut per front side of each module. In this case, by having three cuts, two neighboring modules were fabricated. The form of the structure and its modules emerged from the constraints of the fabrication technique, aiming to establish a feedback loop between geometry, material, simulation, and tool. By cross-referencing geometric data across Grasshopper, a customized tessellation script was made to breakdown a vault into its modular ruled surface constructs.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2021/10/26 08:08

_id	acadia20_74
id	acadia20_74
authors	Bucklin, Oliver; Born, Larissa; Körner, Axel; Suzuki, Seiichi; Vasey, Lauren; T. Gresser, Götz; Knippers, Jan; Menges,
year	2020
title	Embedded Sensing and Control
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2020.1.074
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume I: Technical Papers [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95213-0]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by B. Slocum, V. Ago, S. Doyle, A. Marcus, M. Yablonina, and M. del Campo. 74-83.
summary	This paper investigates an interactive and adaptive control system for kinetic architectural applications with a distributed sensing and actuation network to control modular fiber-reinforced composite components. The aim of the project was to control the actuation of a foldable lightweight structure to generate programmatic changes. A server parses input commands and geometric feedback from embedded sensors and online data to drive physical actuation and generate a digital twin for real-time monitoring. Physical components are origami-like folding plates of glass and carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic, developed in parallel research. Accelerometer data is analyzed to determine component geometry. A component controller drives actuators to maintain or move towards desired positions. Touch sensors embedded within the material allow direct control, and an online user interface provides high-level kinematic goals to the system. A hierarchical control system parses various inputs and determines actuation based on safety protocols and prioritization algorithms. Development includes hardware and software to enable modular expansion. This research demonstrates strategies for embedded networks in interactive kinematic structures and opens the door for deeper investigations such as artificial intelligence in control algorithms, material computation, as well as real-time modeling and simulation of structural systems.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	caadria2020_071
id	caadria2020_071
authors	Carroll, Stan
year	2020
title	Managing Risk in a Research-Based Practice as Projects Scale To Construction:A Case Study
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2020.1.065
source	D. Holzer, W. Nakapan, A. Globa, I. Koh (eds.), RE: Anthropocene, Design in the Age of Humans - Proceedings of the 25th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-6 August 2020, pp. 65-74
summary	Research-based architectural practices often experiment along the bleeding edge of the new frontier of design and include developing methodologies unfamiliar to the construction industry. Successfully implementing the resulting research methodologies to an architectural scale requires careful consideration of risk management within a Design-Bid-Build construction project. How a firm manages the risk when scaling a research conclusion to an architectural scale is an essential aspect of assuring the success of the project. These considerations are particularly acute within firms whose research involves convoluted geometry. In the field of doubly-curved geometric material systems, the level of precision required to manage professional risk is commensurate with the level of geometric complexity. Adopting the mindset of a Medieval master mason's process within the context of twenty-first-century materials and processes can be a method toward a successful project. By performing well thought-out transfer procedures of digital data, resolving the fundamental challenges of fabrication, and including structural analysis as a part of the early design phases, experimental architectural expressions can be realized without extra financial risk to the designer.
keywords	Risk Management; Research-Based Practice; Complex Geometry; Digital Fabrication; Computational Design
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	caadria2020_304
id	caadria2020_304
authors	Fischer, Thomas and Wortmann, Thomas
year	2020
title	From Geometrically to Algebraically Described Hyperbolic Paraboloids - An optimisation-based analysis of the Philips Pavilion
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2020.1.435
source	D. Holzer, W. Nakapan, A. Globa, I. Koh (eds.), RE: Anthropocene, Design in the Age of Humans - Proceedings of the 25th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-6 August 2020, pp. 435-444
summary	In this paper, we present a procedure to derive algebraic parameters from geometrically described truncated hyperbolic paraboloid surfaces. The procedure uses parametric modelling and optimisation to converge on close algebraic approximations of hyperbolic paraboloid geometry through a successive breakdown of vast search spaces. We illustrate this procedure with its application to the surfaces of the 1958 Philips Pavilion designed by Le Corbusier and Iannis Xenakis. This application yielded previously unavailable parametric data of this building in algebraic form. It highlights the power of the parametric design and optimisation toolkit, both in terms of automated search and epistemological enablement.
keywords	parametric analysis; optimisation; ruled surfaces; hyperbolic paraboloid; geometry reconstruction
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	acadia20_170p
id	acadia20_170p
authors	Pawlowska, Gosia
year	2020
title	Viscous Catenary
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume II: Projects [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95253-6]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by M. Yablonina, A. Marcus, S. Doyle, M. del Campo, V. Ago, B. Slocum. 170-175
summary	Viscous Catenary is a free-form architectural glass structure that embeds material logic in a distributed system. Multi-curved panels are joined in a ‘catenary channel glass’ assembly, expressing the inherent behavior of the material at high temperatures. Float glass will typically achieve a level of viscosity at 1200°F (650°C), formed in a kiln by draping or “slumping. This hybrid fabrication process combines low-tech hardware and modern digital technologies. Glass panels were formed in a traditional kiln over a set of interchangeable waterjet-cut steel profiles or a repositionable tooling system. Parametric design in Grasshopper was essential to establish a discrete number of unique formwork elements and subdivide the overall geometry by panel size. In this case, each panel in the system was draped over four steel profiles. The formwork encourages a specific curvature in the glass, most precisely at the locations of folding. These moments of control allow the panels to align at their folds and join in an assembly by splice-lamination. Between the folds, the material remains free to shape itself, responding to its thickness, span, time, and temperature- into an undetermined “viscous catenary.” Selectively programming the geometry allows for a degree of material agency to remain in the system. This method differs from existing curved architectural glass, which would typically be pressed into a fully deterministic mold, leaving no opportunity for emergent morphologies. A pilot installation joined using transparent silicone adhesive achieved a height of 90cm with overlapping 30cm tall panels. Laser 3-d scanning between fabrication and assembly helped evaluate the fit between adjacent panels, identifying locations that required reinforcement. More research is needed to improve tolerances and overcome limitations in the adhesive before scaling up the fabrication system. Viscous Catenary succeeds in questioning the formal and structural potential of matter-driven curved architectural glass assemblies.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2021/10/26 08:03

_id	artificial_intellicence2019_295
id	artificial_intellicence2019_295
authors	Xiang Wang, Kam-Ming Mark Tam, Alexandre Beaudouin-Mackay,Benjamin Hoyle, Molly Mason, Zhe Guo, Weizhe Gao, Ce Li, Weiran Zhu,Zain Karsan, Gene Ting-Chun Kao, Liming Zhang, Hua Chai, Philip F. Yuan, and Philippe Block
year	2020
title	3d-Printed Bending-Active Formwork for Shell Structures
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6568-7_18
source	Architectural Intelligence Selected Papers from the 1st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2026)
summary	This paper presents a novel building technique for the formwork of thin shell structures with 3d-printed bending-active mesh sheets. To enhance the structural stiffness of the flexible plastic materials, bending-active form is applied to utilize the geometry stiffening effect through the large deformation of bending. As it is the main problem to determine the final geometry of the bent surface, design methods with consideration of the numerical simulation is researched and both simulations via dynamic relaxation and finite element method are presented. Several demonstrator pavilions and the building process are shown to test the feasibilities of the presented building techniques in the real shell project. It is expected that this method could be applied into more thin shell projects to realize an efficient building technology with less exhaust of materials.
series	Architectural Intelligence
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:28

_id	acadia20_546
id	acadia20_546
authors	Yan Ng, Tsz; Ahlquist, Sean; Filipov, Evgueni; Weisman, Tracey
year	2020
title	Active-Casting
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2020.1.546
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume I: Technical Papers [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95213-0]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by B. Slocum, V. Ago, S. Doyle, A. Marcus, M. Yablonina, and M. del Campo. 546-555.
summary	Active-Casting explores the use of bespoke computer numerical controlled (CNC) manufactured knits to produce volumetric textile formwork for casting glass-fiber-reinforced concrete (GFRC). As a collaboration between experts in architecture, textile fabrication, and civil engineering, the research investigates multimaterial, functionally graded knit formwork as a fully seamless system to cast concrete. Working with controlled characteristics such as elasticity and stiffness of yarn type and knit structure, the soft textile is conceived as the vessel that defines the performative characteristics of volume, geometry, and surface detail. With only a minimal frame to suspend the volumetric cast, hydrostatic pressure “inflates” the fabric formwork, creating a dynamic form-finding process that eliminates the need for typical molding materials such as wood or foam. While active formfinding processes for CNC knit casting have been explored as an open-face, GFRC-sprayed system, the Active-Casting process produces a finished surface on all faces, embedded with expressions in form and surface detail from the knitted formwork. The precast units using this process reduce the amount of construction waste for formwork production, proposes a more automated fashion for manufacturing the formwork, and produces casts with complex geometries difficult to accomplish with traditional casting methods.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	ecaade2020_015
id	ecaade2020_015
authors	Yazici, Sevil
year	2020
title	A machine-learning model driven by geometry, material and structural performance data in architectural design process
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2020.1.411
source	Werner, L and Koering, D (eds.), Anthropologic: Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age - Proceedings of the 38th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 16-18 September 2020, pp. 411-418
summary	Artificial Intelligence (AI), based on interpretation of data, influences various professions including architectural design today. Although research on integrating conceptual design with Machine Learning (ML) algorithms as a subset of the AI has been investigated previously, there is not a framework towards integration of architectural geometry with material properties and structural performance data towards decision making in the early-design phase. Undertaking performance simulations require significant amount of computation power and time. The aim of this research is to integrate ML algorithms into design process to achieve time efficiency and improve design results. The proposed workflow consists of three stages, including generation of the parametric model; running structural performance simulations to collect the data, and operating the ML algorithms, including Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Non-Linear Regression (NLR) and Gaussian Mixture (GM) for undertaking different tasks. The results underlined that the system generates relatively fast solutions with accuracy. Additionally, ML algorithms can assist generative design processes.
keywords	Machine-learning; performance simulation; data-driven design; early-design phase
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	acadia20_238
id	acadia20_238
authors	Zhang, Hang
year	2020
title	Text-to-Form
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2020.1.238
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume I: Technical Papers [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95213-0]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by B. Slocum, V. Ago, S. Doyle, A. Marcus, M. Yablonina, and M. del Campo. 238-247.
summary	Traditionally, architects express their thoughts on the design of 3D architectural forms via perspective renderings and standardized 2D drawings. However, as architectural design is always multidimensional and intricate, it is difficult to make others understand the design intention, concrete form, and even spatial layout through simple language descriptions. Benefiting from the fast development of machine learning, especially natural language processing and convolutional neural networks, this paper proposes a Linguistics-based Architectural Form Generative Model (LAFGM) that could be trained to make 3D architectural form predictions based simply on language input. Several related works exist that focus on learning text-to-image generation, while others have taken a further step by generating simple shapes from the descriptions. However, the text parsing and output of these works still remain either at the 2D stage or confined to a single geometry. On the basis of these works, this paper used both Stanford Scene Graph Parser (Sebastian et al. 2015) and graph convolutional networks (Kipf and Welling 2016) to compile the analytic semantic structure for the input texts, then generated the 3D architectural form expressed by the language descriptions, which is also aided by several optimization algorithms. To a certain extent, the training results approached the 3D form intended in the textual description, not only indicating the tremendous potential of LAFGM from linguistic input to 3D architectural form, but also innovating design expression and communication regarding 3D spatial information.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	ecaade2020_298
id	ecaade2020_298
authors	Zhang, Ye, Zhang, Kun, Chen, KaiDi and Xu, Zhen
year	2020
title	Source Material Oriented Computational Design and Robotic Construction
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2020.2.443
source	Werner, L and Koering, D (eds.), Anthropologic: Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age - Proceedings of the 38th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 16-18 September 2020, pp. 443-452
summary	The disconnection between architectural form and materiality has become an important issue in recent years. Architectural form is mainly decided by the designer, while material data, for example, the natural shape of source materials, is often treated as an afterthought which doesn't factor in decision-making directly. This study proposes a new, real-time scanning-modeling system for obtaining material information, and incorporating the data into a continuous digital chain of computational design and robotic construction. After collecting and visualizing the data, the calculation portion of the chain processes the selection of source materials and generates architectural geometry based on both human-designed rules and various shapes of materials. Finally, at the action end of the chain, an industry robot is used to fabricate the design. End-effector is designed for tightly gripping the irregular source materials. Scripts is written in Grasshopper for positioning the components and assemble them into configurations. This study also shows a pavilion developing with the continuous digital chain
keywords	scanning-modeling system; source material information; computational design; robotic construction
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

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