Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	acadia20_594
id	acadia20_594
authors	Farahbakhsh, Mehdi; Kalantar, Negar; Rybkowski, Zofia
year	2020
title	Impact of Robotic 3D Printing Process Parameters on Bond Strength
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume I: Technical Papers [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95213-0]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by B. Slocum, V. Ago, S. Doyle, A. Marcus, M. Yablonina, and M. del Campo. 594-603.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2020.1.594
summary	Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, offers advantages over traditional construction technologies, increasing material efficiency, fabrication precision, and speed. However, many AM projects in academia and industrial institutions do not comply with building codes. Consequently, they are not considered safe structures for public utilization and have languished as exhibition prototypes. While three discrete scales—micro, mezzo, and macro—are investigated for AM with paste in this paper, structural integrity has been tackled on the mezzo scale to investigate the impact of process parameters on the bond strength between layers in an AM process. Real-world material deposition in a robotic-assisted AM process is subject to environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, the load of upper layers, the pressure of the nozzle on printed layers, etc. Those factors add a secondary geometric characteristic to the printed objects that was missing in the initial digital model. This paper introduces a heuristic workflow for investigating the impacts of three selective process parameters on the bond strength between layers of paste in the robotic-assisted AM of large-scale structures. The workflow includes a method for adding the secondary geometrical characteristic to the initial 3D model by employing X-ray computerized tomography (CT) scanning, digital image processing, and 3D reconstruction. Ultimately, the proposed workflow offers a pattern library that can be used by an architect or artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms in automated AM processes to create robust architectural forms.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	ecaade2020_120
id	ecaade2020_120
authors	Ishikawa, Daichi, Fukuda, Tomohiro and Yabuki, Nobuyoshi
year	2020
title	A Mixed Reality Coordinate System for Multiple HMD Users Manipulating Real-time Point Cloud Objects - Towards virtual and interactive 3D synchronous sharing of physical objects in teleconference during design study
source	Werner, L and Koering, D (eds.), Anthropologic: Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age - Proceedings of the 38th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 16-18 September 2020, pp. 197-206
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2020.1.197
summary	Teleconferences without travel costs are useful for building a consensus in design. However, conventional teleconferencing using computer displays and web cameras is well known to have performance problems due to the lack of co-presence feeling with remote participants and the difficulty in sharing three dimensional (3D) information intuitively. This research proposes a method to share the mixed reality (MR) coordinate system for multiple head-mounted display (HMD) users manipulating real-time point cloud objects for the virtual and interactive 3D synchronous sharing in teleconferences. In our proposed method, the reference point of the virtual world coordinate system called world anchor and local coordinates of segmented point cloud objects in real-time are shared among HMDs via a server PC to share the same MR coordinate system. Using this method, the result of moving and rotating manipulation using hand gestures for segmented point cloud objects by an HMD user are reflected in the other HMD users. We developed a prototype system and evaluated the performance of the system when multiple users used this system. Future works include adapting this system to multiple RGB-D cameras and the internet environment.
keywords	Mixed reality coordinate system; Real-time point clouds; Multiple User Interaction; Teleconference; 3D Synchronous Physical Object Sharing
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	caadria2020_188
id	caadria2020_188
authors	Suzuki, Takaharu, Ikeda, Hikaru, Takeuchi, Issei, Matsunaga, Fumiya, Sumitomo, Eri and Ikeda, Yasushi
year	2020
title	Holonavi - A study on User Interface for Assembly Guidance System with Mixed Reality in a Timber Craft of Architecture
source	D. Holzer, W. Nakapan, A. Globa, I. Koh (eds.), RE: Anthropocene, Design in the Age of Humans - Proceedings of the 25th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-6 August 2020, pp. 691-700
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2020.1.691
summary	This paper introduces ideas to use Mixed Reality (MR) technologies in craftsman's work of architecture.One of the backgrounds of this study is emerging technology of Mixed Reality becoming much easier to use recently with new devices such as Microsoft Hololens. Among many possible applications of this technique in architectural work, we particularly choose Japanese traditional timber joinery 'Kumiki' as a model case of complicated architectural work.We found that people need a certain sense of 3D recognition and knowledge about right order of assemble. That is what we can suggest for users with our MR guidance system named 'Holonavi' which can show appropriate information in 3D vision in real time. The aim of our research is to find useful knowledge about effective ways and sufficient information to guide users. As a conclusion, we found that guidance with MR technology gives users to have a recognition more effectively for take of right action when they are moving their viewpoint around the object and when they located in the range of reachable distance to the objects. It is the first achievement for use of 'Holonavi' to let people feel more fun to craft something by their hands aided by computer.
keywords	Craftsmanâ€™s work; Mixed Reality; Digital Construction; Augmented Reality; Hololens
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaade2020_290
id	ecaade2020_290
authors	Elesawy, Amr Alaaeldin, Signer, Mario, Seshadri, Bharath and Schlueter, Arno
year	2020
title	Aerial Photogrammetry in Remote Locations - A workflow for using 3D point cloud data in building energy modeling
source	Werner, L and Koering, D (eds.), Anthropologic: Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age - Proceedings of the 38th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 16-18 September 2020, pp. 723-732
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2020.1.723
summary	Building energy modelling (BEM) results are highly affected by the surrounding environment, due to the impact of solar radiation on the site. Hence, modelling the context is a crucial step in the design process. This is challenging when access to the geometrical data of the built and natural environment is unavailable as in remote villages. The acquisition of accurate data through conventional surveying proves to be costly and time consuming, especially in areas with a steep and complex terrain. Photogrammetry using drone-captured aerial images has emerged as an innovative solution to facilitate surveying and modeling. Nevertheless, the workflow of translating the photogrammetry output from data points to surfaces readable by BEM tools proves to be tedious and unclear. This paper presents a streamlined and reproducible approach for constructing accurate building models from photogrammetric data points to use for architectural design and energy analysis in early design stage projects.
keywords	Building Energy Modeling; Photogrammetry; 3D Point Clouds; Low-energy architecture; Multidisciplinary design; Education
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	caadria2020_412
id	caadria2020_412
authors	Capunaman, Ozguc Bertug
year	2020
title	CAM as a Tool for Creative Expression - Informing Digital Fabrication through Human Interaction
source	D. Holzer, W. Nakapan, A. Globa, I. Koh (eds.), RE: Anthropocene, Design in the Age of Humans - Proceedings of the 25th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-6 August 2020, pp. 243-252
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2020.1.243
summary	Contemporary digital design and fabrication tools often present deterministic and pre-programmed workflows. This limits the potential for developing a deeper understanding of materials within the process. This paper presents an interactive and adaptive design-fabrication workflow where the user can actively take turns in the fabrication process. The proposed experimental setup utilizes paste extrusion additive manufacturing in tandem with real-time control of an industrial robotic arm. By incorporating a computer-vision based feedback loop, it captures momentary changes in the fabricated artifact introduced by the users to inform the digital representation. Using the updated digital representation, the proposed system can offer simple design hypotheses for the user to evaluate and adapt future toolpaths accordingly. This paper presents the development of the experimental setup and delineates critical concepts and their motivation.
keywords	Computer-Aided Design (CAD) and Manufacturing (CAM); Human Computer Interaction; 3D Printing; Interactive Digital Fabrication; Robotic Fabrication
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ijac202018404
id	ijac202018404
authors	Paul Nicholas, Gabriella Rossi, Ella Williams, Michael Bennett and Tim Schork
year	2020
title	Integrating real-time multi-resolution scanning and machine learning for Conformal Robotic 3D Printing in Architecture
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 18 - no. 4, 371–384
summary	Robotic 3D printing applications are rapidly growing in architecture, where they enable the introduction of new materials and bespoke geometries. However, current approaches remain limited to printing on top of a flat build bed. This limits robotic 3D printing’s impact as a sustainable technology: opportunities to customize or enhance existing elements, or to utilize complex material behaviour are missed. This paper addresses the potentials of conformal 3D printing and presents a novel and robust workflow for printing onto unknown and arbitrarily shaped 3D substrates. The workflow combines dual-resolution Robotic Scanning, Neural Network prediction and printing of PETG plastic. This integrated approach offers the advantage of responding directly to unknown geometries through automated performance design customization. This paper firstly contextualizes the work within the current state of the art of conformal printing. We then describe our methodology and the design experiment we have used to test it. We lastly describe the key findings, potentials and limitations of the work, as well as the next steps in this research.
keywords	Conformal printing, robotic fabrication, 3D scanning, neural networks, industry 4.0
series	journal
email
last changed	2021/06/03 23:29

_id	ecaade2020_108
id	ecaade2020_108
authors	Steino, Nicolai
year	2020
title	Post-Conflict Reconstruction - Small scale elements of a parametric urban design approach
source	Werner, L and Koering, D (eds.), Anthropologic: Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age - Proceedings of the 38th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 16-18 September 2020, pp. 69-78
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2020.2.069
summary	Taking the Syrian city of Homs as its point of departure, this paper aims to suggest some first components of a parametric urban design approach to post-conflict reconstruction focused on scenario building. From analyses of social, physical and environmental infrastructures and theoretical positions on environmentally and socially sustainable urban design in the Middle Eastern culture and climate, a framework and some initial tests for a parametric 3D urban model developed in CityEngine are presented. With the intended purpose of providing a tool capable of visualising modifiable urban design scenarios along with relevant associated data, the presented work focuses on the smallest scale of a model encompassing scales from the district level to the level of the urban block, with some relevant architectural features relating to social and environmental qualities.
keywords	parametric urban design; post-conflict reconstruction; scenario building; climate-adaptive design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	caadria2020_436
id	caadria2020_436
authors	Teng, Teng and Sabin, Jenny
year	2020
title	PICA - A Designer Oriented Low-Cost Personal Robotic Fabrication Platform for Sketch Level Prototyping
source	D. Holzer, W. Nakapan, A. Globa, I. Koh (eds.), RE: Anthropocene, Design in the Age of Humans - Proceedings of the 25th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-6 August 2020, pp. 473-483
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2020.2.473
summary	As digital design and fabrication are becoming increasingly prevalent, it is essential to consider how these technologies can be made more affordable and intuitively introduced to individual designers with limited computing skills. In this paper, we present an affordable personal robotic fabrication platform, PICA, consisting of a 3D printed robotic arm with a set of controller programs. The platform allows designers with limited computational design skills to assemble motors and 3D printed parts easily and to operate it in a code-free environment with direct manipulation through 3D modeling software. With the real-time communication between 3D modeling software and this robotic fabrication platform, PICA also allows designers to efficiently change the topological properties of geometry during the fabrication process. Based on a comparative observation of several application scenarios of using PICA among two groups of architecture students, the research can be summarized as follows: 1.) The project has proved to be an affordable approach to ease the materializing process when converting a designer's initial intent from digital space to a physical prototype. 2.) Designers could be facilitated by utilizing this robotic fabrication platform, especially during the period of conceptual design.
keywords	Robotic Fabrication; Design and Fabrication; Tool Development; Designer Oriented ; Ubiquitous Manufacturing
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	caadria2020_099
id	caadria2020_099
authors	Tu, Chun Man and Hou, June Hao
year	2020
title	After Abstraction, Before Figuration - Exploring the Potential Development of Form Re-topology and Evolution Reapplication with Three-dimensional Point Cloud Model Generation Logic.
source	D. Holzer, W. Nakapan, A. Globa, I. Koh (eds.), RE: Anthropocene, Design in the Age of Humans - Proceedings of the 25th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-6 August 2020, pp. 517-526
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2020.2.517
summary	In the era of three-dimensional (3D) informatics, the 3D point cloud modeling algorithm has the potential to further develop. In this study, we attempt to eliminate the limitations of the traditional reverse modeling method and directly turn point cloud data into the material for innovative architectural design by integrating 3D point cloud modeling into the CAD/CAM platform(Rhino/Grasshopper) most widely used by parametric designers. In this way, the randomly ordered point cloud model can be regenerated and reordered according to the designer's requirements. In addition, point cloud data can be spatially segmented and morphologically evolved according to the designer's preferences to construct a 3D model with higher efficiency and more dynamic real-time adjustment compared with the triangular mesh model. Moreover, when a computer vision technique is integrated into the point cloud design process, the point cloud model can be further used to more efficiently achieve rapid visualization, artisticization, and form adjustment. Therefore, point cloud modeling can not only be applied to the spatial structure presentation of building information modeling(BIM) but also can provide further opportunities for creative architectural design.
keywords	Three-dimensional Point-cloud Model; Computer Vision; Point Set Registration; Topology Optimization; Regeneration
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	acadia20_110
id	acadia20_110
authors	Zhang, Mengni; Dewey, Clara; Kalantari, Saleh
year	2020
title	Dynamic Anthropometric Modeling Interface
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume I: Technical Papers [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95213-0]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by B. Slocum, V. Ago, S. Doyle, A. Marcus, M. Yablonina, and M. del Campo. 110-119.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2020.1.110
summary	In this paper, we propose a Kinect-based Dynamic Anthropometric Modeling Interface (DAMI), built in Rhinoceros with Grasshopper for patient room layout optimization and nurse posture evaluations. Anthropometry is an important field that studies human body measurements to help designers improve product ergonomics and reduce negative health consequences such as musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Unlike existing anthropometric tools, which rely on generic human body datasets and static posture models, DAMI tracks and records user postures in real time, creating custom 3D body movement models that are typically absent in current space-planning practices. A generic hospital patient room, which contains complex and ergonomically demanding activities for nurses, was selected as an initial testing environment. We will explain the project background, the methods used to develop DAMI, and demonstrate its capabilities. There are two main goals DAMI aims to achieve. First, as a generative tool, it will reconstruct dynamic body point cloud models, which will be used as input for optimizing room layout during a project’s schematic design phase. Second, as an evaluation tool, by encoding and visualizing the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) scores, DAMI will illustrate the spatiotemporal relationship between nurse postures and the built environment during a project’s construction phase or post occupancy evaluation. We envision a distributed system of Kinect sensors to be embedded in various hospital rooms to help architects, planners, and facility managers improve nurse work experiences through better space planning.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	acadia20_182p
id	acadia20_182p
authors	Grasser, Alexander; Parger, Alexandra; Hirschberg, Urs
year	2020
title	Realtime Architecture Platform: CollabWood
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume II: Projects [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95253-6]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by M. Yablonina, A. Marcus, S. Doyle, M. del Campo, V. Ago, B. Slocum. 182-187
summary	This project presents a Realtime Architecture Platform applied in a telepresence design studio to design and construct the CollabWood prototype. The platform, developed by the authors, enables an open workflow to collaborate and design in unity. It provides a persistent online environment for real-time architectural production. The work method is based on the concept of collaborative objects and distributed designers. These collaborative objects are the shared content: discrete parts, prefabs, or blocks that enable interaction, communication, and collaboration between its users and owners. The distributed designers can contribute by instantiating these collaborative objects. Users placing an object react to the local neighboring conditions and therefore add their embodied design decision to the global architecture. The users get immersed in digital proximity by communicating through the integrated chat or digital calls, discussing strategies, debating design intentions, analyzing the built structure, and scanning for improvements. This pervasive collaboration lays the foundation for a democratization of the design process. As a proof of concept, this method was implemented with 20 students in a telepresence design studio. The participants embraced the real-time workflow and applied the collaborative tool throughout the semester from different locations and time zones. Using the platform to design the CollabWood prototype in real-time collaboratively was realized as a 1:1 project with local, accessible material and AR technology for assembly. The global pandemic accelerated the importance of collaboration. Realtime Architecture Platform’s response of providing an accessible common platform for real-time interaction, design, and collaboration can be regarded as a first step towards how we might work together in the future.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2021/10/26 08:08

_id	caadria2020_161
id	caadria2020_161
authors	Kido, Daiki, Fukuda, Tomohiro and Yabuki, Nobuyoshi
year	2020
title	Mobile Mixed Reality for Environmental Design Using Real-Time Semantic Segmentation and Video Communication - Dynamic Occlusion Handling and Green View Index Estimation
source	D. Holzer, W. Nakapan, A. Globa, I. Koh (eds.), RE: Anthropocene, Design in the Age of Humans - Proceedings of the 25th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-6 August 2020, pp. 681-690
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2020.1.681
summary	Mixed reality (MR), that blends the real and virtual worlds, attracted attention for consensus-building among stakeholders in environmental design with the visualization of planned landscape onsite. One of the technical challenges in MR is the occlusion problem which occurs when virtual objects hide physical objects that should be rendered in front of virtual objects. This problem may cause inappropriate simulation. And the visual environmental assessment of present and proposed landscape with MR can be effective for the evidence-based design, such as urban greenery. Thus, this study aims to develop a MR-based environmental assessment system with dynamic occlusion handling and green view index estimation using semantic segmentation based on deep learning. This system was designed for the use on a mobile device with video communication over the Internet to implement a real-time semantic segmentation whose computational cost is high. The applicability of the developed system is shown through case studies.
keywords	Mixed Reality (MR); Environmental Design; Dynamic Occlusion Handling; Semantic Segmentation; Green View Index
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	acadia20_208p
id	acadia20_208p
authors	Bernier-Lavigne, Samuel
year	2020
title	Object-Field
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume II: Projects [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95253-6]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by M. Yablonina, A. Marcus, S. Doyle, M. del Campo, V. Ago, B. Slocum. 208-213
summary	This project aims to continue the correlative study between two fundamental entities of digital architecture: the object and the field. Following periods of experimentations on the ""field"" (materialization of flows of data through animation), the ""field of objects"" (parametricism), the ""object"" (OOO), we investigate the last possible interaction remaining: the ""object-field,"" by merging the formal characteristics of the object with the structural flow of its internal field. This investigation is achieved by exploring the high-resolution features of 3d printing in the design of autonomous architectural objects expressing materiality through topological optimization. The objects are generated by an iterative process of volumetric reduction, resulting in an ensemble of monoliths. Four of them are selected and analyzed through topological optimization in order to extract their internal fields. Next, a series of high-resolution algorithmic systems translate the structural information into 3d printed materiality. Of the four object-fields, one materializes, close to identical, the result of the optimization, giving the keystone to understanding the others. The second one expresses the structural flow through a 1mm voxel system, informed by the optimization, having the effect of stiffening the structure where it is needed and thus generating a new topography on the object. The last two explore the blur that this high-resolution can paradoxically create, with complete integration of the optimal structure in a transparent monolith. This is achieved by a vertex displacement algorithm, and the dissolution of the formal data of the monolith and the structural flows, through the mereological assembly of simple linear elements. For each object-field, a series of drawings was developed using specific algorithmic procedures derived from the peculiarities of their complex geometry. The drawings aim to catalyze coherence throughout the project, where similarities, hitherto kept apart by the multiple materialities, begin to dialogue.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2021/10/26 08:08

_id	caadria2020_160
id	caadria2020_160
authors	Bruce, Caitlin, Sweet, Kevin and Ok, Jeongbin
year	2020
title	Closing the Loop - Recycling Waste Plastic
source	D. Holzer, W. Nakapan, A. Globa, I. Koh (eds.), RE: Anthropocene, Design in the Age of Humans - Proceedings of the 25th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-6 August 2020, pp. 135-144
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2020.1.135
summary	Worldwide we produce billions of tonnes of waste per year, including a million tonnes of plastic waste. Currently, there are methods for recycling plastic, but these methods can be expensive and time-consuming, resulting in most of the plastic being thrown into the landfill. Because plastic does not fully degrade, it ends up in the ocean and other waterways, poisoning the water with toxins. The purpose of this research is to provide a solution to reducing plastic waste by creating an alternative method of recycling that utilises new technologies such as additive manufacturing, to create a building material that fits into the concept of the circular economy. The findings of this research explored the recycling of plastic by collecting plastic waste such as PLA (Polylactic Acid) from old 3D printed models and other sources. The plastic was recycled into filament for additive manufacturing (AM) and used to print a building component, establishing a foundational proof of concept for the use of recycled plastic as a potential building material.
keywords	Additive Manufacturing; 3D Printing; Recycling Plastic ; Recycled Filament ; Waste Plastic
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia20_436
id	acadia20_436
authors	Chun Hin Fong, Jacky; Long Wun Poon, Adabelle; Sze Ngan, Wing; Hei Ho, Chung; Goepel, Garvin; Crolla, Kristof
year	2020
title	Augmenting Craft with Mixed Reality
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume I: Technical Papers [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95213-0]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by B. Slocum, V. Ago, S. Doyle, A. Marcus, M. Yablonina, and M. del Campo. 436-444.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2020.1.436
summary	This paper discusses novel methods for and advantages of integrating augmented reality (AR) and photogrammetry in hand clay-sculpting workflows. These techniques permit nontrained users to achieve higher precision during the sculpting process by holographically overlaying instructions from digital 3D source geometry on top of the sculpting material. By employing alternative notational systems in design implementation methods, the research positions itself in a postdigital context aimed at humanizing digital technologies. Throughout history, devices have been developed to increase production, such as Henry Dexter’s 1842 “Apparatus for Sculptors” for marble sculpting. Extrapolating from this, the workflow presented in this paper uses AR to overlay extracted information from 3D models directly onto the sculptor’s field of vision. This information can then become an AR-driven guidance system that assists the sculptor. Using the Microsoft HoloLens, holographic instructions are introduced in the production sequence, connecting the analog sculpture fabrication directly with a digital environment, thus augmenting the craftspeople’s agency. A series of AR-aided sculpting methods were developed and tested in a demonstrator case study project that created a small-scale clay copy of Henry Moore’s Sheep Piece (1971–1972). This paper demonstrates how user-friendly software and hardware tools have lowered the threshold for end users to develop new methods that straightforwardly facilitate and improve their crafts’ effectiveness and agency. This shows that the fusion of computational design technology and AR visualization technology can innovate a specific craft’s design and production workflow, opening the door for further application developments in more architecture-specific fabrication contexts.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	acadia20_564
id	acadia20_564
authors	Cutajar, Sacha; Costalonga Martins, Vanessa; van der Hoven, Christo; Baszyñski, Piotr; Dahy, Hanaa
year	2020
title	Towards Modular Natural Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Architecture
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume I: Technical Papers [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95213-0]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by B. Slocum, V. Ago, S. Doyle, A. Marcus, M. Yablonina, and M. del Campo. 564-573.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2020.1.564
summary	Driven by the ecological crisis looming over the 21st century, the construction sector must urgently seek alternative design solutions to current building practices. In the wake of emergent digital technologies and novel material strategies, this research proposes a lightweight architectural solution using natural fiber-reinforced polymers (NFRP), which elicit interest for their inherent renewability as compared to high-performance yarns. Two associated fabrication techniques are deployed: tailored fiber placement (TFP) and coreless filament winding (CFW), both favored for their additive efficiencies granted by strategic material placement. A hypothesis is formed, postulating that their combination can leverage the standalone complexities of molds and frames by integrating them as active structural elements. Consequently, the TFP enables the creation of a 2D stiffness-controlled preform to be bent into a permanent scaffold for winding rigid 3D fiber bodies via CFW. A proof of concept is generated via the small-scale prototyping and testing of a stool, with results yielding a design of 1 kg capable of carrying 100 times its weight. Laying the groundwork for a scaled-up architectural proposal, the prototype instigates alterations to the process, most notably the favoring of a modular global design and lapped preform technique. The research concludes with a discussion on the resulting techno-implications for automation, deployment, material life cycle, and aesthetics, rekindling optimism towards future sustainable practices.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	acadia20_688
id	acadia20_688
authors	del Campo, Matias; Carlson, Alexandra; Manninger, Sandra
year	2020
title	3D Graph Convolutional Neural Networks in Architecture Design
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume I: Technical Papers [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95213-0]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by B. Slocum, V. Ago, S. Doyle, A. Marcus, M. Yablonina, and M. del Campo. 688-696.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2020.1.688
summary	The nature of the architectural design process can be described along the lines of the following representational devices: the plan and the model. Plans can be considered one of the oldest methods to represent spatial and aesthetic information in an abstract, 2D space. However, to be used in the design process of 3D architectural solutions, these representations are inherently limited by the loss of rich information that occurs when compressing the three-dimensional world into a two-dimensional representation. During the first Digital Turn (Carpo 2013), the sheer amount and availability of models increased dramatically, as it became viable to create vast amounts of model variations to explore project alternatives among a much larger range of different physical and creative dimensions. 3D models show how the design object appears in real life, and can include a wider array of object information that is more easily understandable by nonexperts, as exemplified in techniques such as building information modeling and parametric modeling. Therefore, the ground condition of this paper considers that the inherent nature of architectural design and sensibility lies in the negotiation of 3D space coupled with the organization of voids and spatial components resulting in spatial sequences based on programmatic relationships, resulting in an assemblage (DeLanda 2016). These conditions constitute objects representing a material culture (the built environment) embedded in a symbolic and aesthetic culture (DeLanda 2016) that is created by the designer and captures their sensibilities.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	sigradi2020_73
id	sigradi2020_73
authors	Gomes, Emerson Bruno de Oliveira; Araujo, Talita Simao Luiz; Aflalo, Anna-Beatriz Bassalo; Ferraz, Abner Simoes Portilho
year	2020
title	Digital reconstruction of historical heritage - a quantitative methodology for measuring the reliability of Largo de Nazaré iconographic data between the years 1900 and 1910
source	SIGraDi 2020 [Proceedings of the 24th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Online Conference 18 - 20 November 2020, pp. 73-80
summary	The research under development presents as a partial result a quantitative method to assist in the verification of the reliability potential of old iconographies collected in order to build a three- dimensional model of demolished buildings. The chosen case study was Largo de Nazaré, located in the city of Belém, Brazil, between the years 1900 to 1910. The methodological process includes steps to perform the quantification of passages to verify their potential for loyalty, in addition, it will demonstrate in schematic maps the result of using the algorithm created using Rhinoceros 3D software and its parameterization in Grasshopper.
keywords	Three-dimensional Reconstruction, Historical and Architectural Heritage, Reliability Map
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2021/07/16 11:48

_id	sigradi2021_130
id	sigradi2021_130
authors	Hiilesmaa, Laura, Galbes Breda de Lima, Eduardo, Chieppe Carvalho, Leonardo, Wenzel Martins, Gisele and Vizioli, Simone Helena Tanoue
year	2021
title	Heritage Education: Computational Design of the Virtual Exhibition at the Cultural and Scientific Divulgation Center of USP
source	Gomez, P and Braida, F (eds.), Designing Possibilities - Proceedings of the XXV International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2021), Online, 8 - 12 November 2021, pp. 605–616
summary	During the current pandemic situation, in 2020/2021, there has been an increased need for easier remote access to cultural and heritage sites, especially on users’ smartphones and personal devices. The exhibition from the 40 years anniversary of the Cultural and Scientific Divulgation Center (CDCC) of the University of Sao Paulo (USP) was selected in order to accomplish the fundamental objectives of this study. The transition of its contents to digital media was enabled by three main technologies: 360° panoramic images, used broadly in the virtual tour; close-range photogrammetry for the creation of 3D models of objects, such as the bust of Dante Alighieri; and informative GIFs of the Transparent Woman of Dresden. As a result of the methodology proposed, this paper introduces a link with the virtual tour developed, presenting an important resource to spread a multidisciplinary knowledge about this meaningful built heritage of Sao Carlos (SP).
keywords	Fotogrametria, Imagens Panorâmicas 360°, Educaçao Patrimonial, Patrimônios Materiais, Tour Virtual 360°.
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/05/23 12:11

_id	ecaade2020_222
id	ecaade2020_222
authors	Ikeno, Kazunosuke, Fukuda, Tomohiro and Yabuki, Nobuyoshi
year	2020
title	Automatic Generation of Horizontal Building Mask Images by Using a 3D Model with Aerial Photographs for Deep Learning
source	Werner, L and Koering, D (eds.), Anthropologic: Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age - Proceedings of the 38th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 16-18 September 2020, pp. 271-278
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2020.2.271
summary	Information extracted from aerial photographs is widely used in urban planning and design. An effective method for detecting buildings in aerial photographs is to use deep learning for understanding the current state of a target region. However, the building mask images used to train the deep learning model are manually generated in many cases. To solve this challenge, a method has been proposed for automatically generating mask images by using virtual reality 3D models for deep learning. Because normal virtual models do not have the realism of a photograph, it is difficult to obtain highly accurate detection results in the real world even if the images are used for deep learning training. Therefore, the objective of this research is to propose a method for automatically generating building mask images by using 3D models with textured aerial photographs for deep learning. The model trained on datasets generated by the proposed method could detect buildings in aerial photographs with an accuracy of IoU = 0.622. Work left for the future includes changing the size and type of mask images, training the model, and evaluating the accuracy of the trained model.
keywords	Urban planning and design; Deep learning; Semantic segmentation; Mask image; Training data; Automatic design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

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