Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ecaade2021_130
id	ecaade2021_130
authors	Alassaf, Nancy and Clayton, Mark
year	2021
title	The Use of Diagrammatic Reasoning to Aid Conceptual Design in Building Information Modeling (BIM)
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 39-48
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.039
summary	Architectural design is an intellectual activity where the architect moves from the abstract to the real. In this process, the abstract represents the logical reasoning of how architectural form is configured or structured, while the real refers to the final physical form. Diagrams become an integral part of the conceptual design stage because they mediate between those two realms. Building Information Modeling (BIM) can reallocate the effort and time to emphasize conceptual design. However, many consider BIM a professionally-oriented tool that is less suitable for the early design stages. This research suggests that architectural design reasoning can be achieved using constraint-based parametric diagrams to aid conceptual design in BIM. The study examines several techniques and constructs a framework to use diagrams in the early design stages. This framework has been investigated through Villa Stein and Citrohan House by Le Corbusier. This study addresses two roles of diagrams: the generative role to create various design solutions and the analytical one to conduct an early performance study of the building. Our research contributes to the discussion on the ways designers can use digital diagrams to support the architectural design process.
keywords	Building Information Modeling (BIM); Performance analysis ; Architectural Form; Diagram; Parametric modeling
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2021_216
id	caadria2021_216
authors	Aman, Jayedi, Tabassum, Nusrat, Hopfenblatt, James, Kim, Jong Bum and Haque, MD Obidul
year	2021
title	Optimizing container housing units for informal settlements - A parametric simulation & visualization workflow for architectural resilience
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 51-60
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.051
summary	In rapidly growing cities like Dhaka, Bangladesh, sustainable housing in urban wetlands and slums present a challenge to more affordable and livable cities. The Container Housing System (CHS) is among the latest methods of affordable, modular housing quickly gaining acceptance among local stakeholders in Bangladesh. Even though container houses made of heat-conducting materials significantly impact overall energy consumption, there is little research on the overall environmental impact of CHS. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the performance of CHS in the climatic context of the Korail slum in Dhaka. The paper proposes a building envelope optimization and visualization workflow utilizing parametric cluster simulation modeling, multi-objective optimization (MOO) algorithms, and virtual reality (VR) as an immersive visualization technique. First, local housing and courtyard patterns were used to develop hypothetical housing clusters. Next, the CHS design variables were chosen to conduct the MOO analysis to measure Useful Daylight Illuminance and Energy Use Intensity. Finally, the prototype was integrated into a parametric VR environment to enable local stakeholders to walk through the clusters with the goal of generating feedback. This study shows that the proposed method can be implemented by architects and planners in the early design process to help improve the stakeholders understanding of CHS and its impact on the environment. It further elaborates on the implementation results, challenges, limitations of the parametric framework, and future work needed.
keywords	Multi-objective Optimization; Building Energy Use; CHS; Informal Settlements; Parametric VR
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2021_225
id	ecaade2021_225
authors	Anishchenko, Maria and Paoletti, Ingrid
year	2021
title	Yarn-Level Modeling of Non-Uniform Knitted Fabric for Digital Analysis of Textile Characteristics - From a bitmap to the yarn-level model
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 253-262
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.1.253
summary	Modern CNC weft knitting machines are capable to produce textiles with complex non-uniform structures and shapes in a single operation with minimum human intervention. The type of knit structure and the settings of the knitting machine significantly influence the fabric characteristics and its role in architectural comfort. However, there is still no open-access tool for fast and efficient analysis of textiles with consideration of their knit structure, especially if they are knitted non-uniformly. Moreover, the existing methodologies of digital modeling of the knit structure are not linked to the actual production of textiles on flat-bed knitting machines. This paper presents a tool that "reads" a bitmap image that can be as well imported into a knitting machine software and generates a yarn-level geometry of the knitted textiles, that can be further integrated into the behavior analysis software within the rhino-grasshopper environment. This methodology helps to preview and analyze knitted textiles before production and can help to optimize the programming of bespoke knitted textiles for large-scale architectural applications.
keywords	knitting; computational knitting; digital simulation; textile characteristics; textiles for architecture
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia21_258
id	acadia21_258
authors	Augustynowicz, Edyta; Smigielska, Maria; Nikles, Daniel; Wehrle, Thomas; Wagner, Heinz
year	2021
title	Parametric design and multirobotic fabrication of wood facades
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 258-269.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.258
summary	The paper describes the findings of the applied research project by Institute Integrative Design (currently ICDP) HGK FHNW and ERNE AG Holzbau to design and manufacture prefabricated wooden façades in the collaborative design manner between architects and industry. As such, it is an attempt to respond to the current interdisciplinary split in the construction, which blocks innovation and promotes standardized inefficient building solutions. Within this project, we apply three innovations in the industrial setup that result in the integrated design-to-production process of individualized, cost-efficient and well-crafted façades. The collaborative design approach is a method in which architect, engineer and manufacturer start exchange on the early stage of the project during the collaborative design workshops. Digital design and fabrication tools enable architects to generate a large scope of façade variations within production feasibility of the manufacturer and engineers to prepare files for robotic production. Novel multi-robot fabrication processes, developed with the industrial partner, allows for complex façade assembly. This paper introduces the concept of digital craftsmanship, manifested in a mixed fabrication system, which intelligently combines automated and manual production to obtain economic feasibility and highest aesthetic quality. Finally, we describe the design and fabrication of the project demonstrator consisting of four intricate façades on a modular office building, inspired by local traditional solutions, which validate the developed methods and highlight the architectural potential of the presented approach.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	ijac202119101
id	ijac202119101
authors	Budig, Michael; Oliver Heckmann, Markus, Hudert, Amanda Qi Boon Ng, Zack Xuereb Conti, and Clement Jun Hao Lork
year	2021
title	Computational screening-LCA tools for early design stages
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2021, Vol. 19 - no. 1, 6–22
summary	Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has been widely adopted to identify the Global Warming Potential (GWP) in the construction industry and determine its high environmental impact through Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions, energy and resource consumptions. The consideration of LCA in the early stages of design is becoming increasingly important as a means to avoid costly changes at later stages of the project. However, typical LCA-based tools demand very detailed information about structural and material systems and thus become too laborious for designers in the conceptual stages, where such specifications are still loosely defined. In response, this paper presents a workflow for LCA-based evaluation where the selection of the construction system and material is kept open to compare the impacts of alternative design variants. We achieve this through a strict division into support and infill systems and a simplified visualization of a schematic floor layout using a shoebox approach, inspired from the energy modelling domain. The shoeboxes in our case are repeatable modules within a schematic floor plan layout, whose enclosures are defined by parametric 2D surfaces representing total ratios of permanent supports versus infill components. Thus, the assembly of modular surface enclosures simplifies the LCA evaluation process by avoiding the need to accurately specify the physical properties of each building component across the floor plan. The presented workflow facilitates the selection of alternative structural systems and materials for their comparison, and outputs the Global Warming Potential (GWP) in the form of an intuitive visualization output. The workflow for simplified evaluation is illustrated through a case study that compares the GWP for selected combinations of material choice and construction systems.
keywords	Computational life cycle assessment tool, embodied carbon, parametric design, construction systems, global warming potential
series	journal
email
last changed	2021/06/03 23:29

_id	caadria2021_039
id	caadria2021_039
authors	Chen, Jielin, Stouffs, Rudi and Biljecki, Filip
year	2021
title	Hierarchical (multi-label) architectural image recognition and classification
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 161-170
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.161
summary	The task of architectural image recognition for both architectural functionality and style remains an open challenge. In addition, the paucity of well-organized, large-scale architectural image datasets with specific consideration for the domain of architectural design research has hindered the exploration of these challenging tasks. Drawing upon images from the professional architectural website ArchdailyÂ®, and leveraging state-of-the-art deep-learning-based classification models, we explore a hierarchical multi-label classification model as a potential baseline for the task of architectural image classification. The resulting model showcases the potential for innovative architectural discipline-related analyses and demonstrates some heuristic insights for visual feature extraction pertaining to both architectural functionality and architectural style.
keywords	image recognition; hierarchical classification; multi-label classification; architectural functionality; style
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ecaade2021_279
id	ecaade2021_279
authors	Coraglia, Ugo Maria, Zhu, Zhelun, Fioravanti, Antonio, Simeone, Davide and Cursi, Stefano
year	2021
title	A new Relation Matrix as a Fruitful Meta-Design Tool - How to overcome typological limits
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 295-302
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.1.295
summary	The use of meta-design tools to support the early stages of the design process is widely proven in literature. Among these tools, the adjacency matrix and the bubble diagram provided the various professionals involved - not only in the AEC sector - with some useful information mainly regarding the connection types between spaces and the sizing of their dimensions. With the evolution of design and the change of architectural aims (e.g. sustainability, refurbishment), it is not fruitful, especially related to complex buildings (e.g. hospital, airport), to manage spaces and their connections through the traditional Adjacency Matrix and its dual (Bubble Diagram). These tools, used as they were originally designed, do not consider other characteristics but basic topological ones and are still linked to 2D geometry. For this reason, this research aims to increase the unexplored design potential of these tools considering huge advances in building object representation and links with knowledge. The first research steps led to a 3D analysis capable of providing knowledge on the connections and adjacencies between spaces and its environments located on different floors. Therefore, we decided to define further goals, breaking limits of the "adjacency" concept for a more extendable and general concept of "relation" between spaces and environments.
keywords	Relation Matrix; Meta-design; Architectural design theory; Tool
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ijac202119106
id	ijac202119106
authors	Del Campo, Matias; Alexandra Carlson, and Sandra Manninger
year	2021
title	Towards Hallucinating Machines - Designing with Computational Vision
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2021, Vol. 19 - no. 1, 88–103
summary	There are particular similarities in how machines learn about the nature of their environment, and how humans learn to process visual stimuli. Machine Learning (ML), more specifically Deep Neural network algorithms rely on expansive image databases and various training methods (supervised, unsupervised) to “make sense” out of the content of an image. Take for example how students of architecture learn to differentiate various architectural styles. Whether this be to differentiate between Gothic, Baroque or Modern Architecture, students are exposed to hundreds, or even thousands of images of the respective styles, while being trained by faculty to be able to differentiate between those styles. A reversal of the process, striving to produce imagery, instead of reading it and understanding its content, allows machine vision techniques to be utilized as a design methodology that profoundly interrogates aspects of agency and authorship in the presence of Artificial Intelligence in architecture design. This notion forms part of a larger conversation on the nature of human ingenuity operating within a posthuman design ecology. The inherent ability of Neural Networks to process large databases opens up the opportunity to sift through the enormous repositories of imagery generated by the architecture discipline through the ages in order to find novel and bespoke solutions to architectural problems. This article strives to demystify the romantic idea of individual artistic design choices in architecture by providing a glimpse under the hood of the inner workings of Neural Network processes, and thus the extent of their ability to inform architectural design.The approach takes cues from the language and methods employed by experts in Deep Learning such as Hallucinations, Dreaming, Style Transfer and Vision. The presented approach is the base for an in-depth exploration of its meaning as a cultural technique within the discipline. Culture in the extent of this article pertains to ideas such as the differentiation between symbolic and material cultures, in which symbols are defined as the common denominator of a specific group of people.1 The understanding and exchange of symbolic values is inherently connected to language and code, which ultimately form the ingrained texture of any form of coded environment, including the coded structure of Neural Networks.A first proof of concept project was devised by the authors in the form of the Robot Garden. What makes the Robot Garden a distinctively novel project is the motion from a purely two dimensional approach to designing with the aid of Neural Networks, to the exploration of 2D to 3D Neural Style Transfer methods in the design process.
keywords	Artificial intelligence, design agency, neural networks, machine learning, machine vision
series	journal
email
last changed	2021/06/03 23:29

_id	ecaade2021_066
id	ecaade2021_066
authors	Dokonal, Wolfgang, Scheich, Patrick, Huyeng, Tim-Jonathan and Rüppel, Uwe
year	2021
title	A Hard Road To Travel - Developing tools for low-cost Virtual Reality (VR) systems in the early design phases
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 89-94
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.089
summary	This paper updates on the developments in the use of low-cost Virtual Reality devices for Architectural design. The authors established a workflow using the gaming software "Unity" to prepare geometry for virtual environments and developed interfaces for a more natural movement inside the virtual world. We will give a summary on the old experiments and explain about our latest develoments in refining the workflow and the interfaces within a new setting. Architects teamed up with civil engineers with a focus on computer science. Due to new hardware developments, we could change the systems from wired to wireless and added several funktions within the overall aim to keep it simple and affordable.
keywords	Virtual Reality; Head Mounted Displays; Low-Cost Interfaces; Google Cardboard; Microcontroller
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ecaade2021_109
id	ecaade2021_109
authors	Doumpioti, Christina and Huang, Jeffrey
year	2021
title	Intensive Differences in Spatial Design - Reversing form-finding
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 9-16
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.1.009
summary	Drawing from the philosophy of science, 'intensive' qualities define differences in degree instead of 'extensive' ones that define additive quantities. More relevant to architecture, intensive differences can define transient boundaries such as warmness and coolness, dryness and moisture, light and shadow, or visual accessibility, to name a few.The question that serves as a starting point of this study is whether the attributes mentioned above can become form-giving agents during the design process and, therefore, whether they become fundamental parameters for the conceptualization and configuration of extensive spatial qualities. This question is explored using Generative Adversarial Networks and image-to-image translation. The dataset consists of two types of images; one consists of spatial configurations representing extensive attributes. The second set depicts intensive characteristics of visual accessibility. The study proposes a conceptual model and workflow that reverses form-finding and enables the design of environments through the specification of desired intensive attributes. Furthermore, it discusses the advantage of working with this method in search of architectural environments with embedded spatial experiences.
keywords	Intensive Differences; Form-Finding; Isovist Simulation; conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (cGAN)
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	sigradi2021_20
id	sigradi2021_20
authors	Dounas, Theodoros, Jabi, Wassim and Lombardi, Davide
year	2021
title	Non-Fungible Building Components: Using Smart Contracts for a Circular Economy in the Built Environment
source	Gomez, P and Braida, F (eds.), Designing Possibilities - Proceedings of the XXV International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2021), Online, 8 - 12 November 2021, pp. 1189–1198
summary	The presented research study tackles the topic of economic and material sustainable development in the built environment and construction industry by introducing and applying the concept and the potential of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) on blockchain within the early stages of the design process via the interface of common design software. We present a digital infrastructure layer for architectural assets and building components that can integrate with AEC supply chains, enabling a more effective and articulated development of circular economies. The infrastructure layer consists of a combination of topology graphs secured with a blockchain. The paper concludes with a discussion about the possibilities of material passports as well as circular economy and smart contracts as an infrastructure for whole lifecycle BIM and digital encapsulation of value in architectural design.
keywords	Non-fungible tokens, Blockchain, Supply Chain, Building Representation, Circular Economy
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/05/23 12:11

_id	ijac202119301
id	ijac202119301
authors	Doyle, Shelby Elizabeth; Senske, Nick S.
year	2021
title	SOM’s Computer Group: Narratives of women in early architectural computing
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2021, Vol. 19 - no. 3, 213–225
summary	Cultural narratives of digital technology in architecture rely heavily upon stories of unique, almost always male, genius and often deny the collective intellectual labor of technology’s construction. These narratives are perpetuated by a historical record which does not fully address the contributions of women to the history of digital technology. Because this history is not well-documented, there is an opportunity to represent these events in a manner which is more inclusive and equitable. Toward that end, this article focuses on narratives from the SOM Computing Group (1964–1990), as a means of correcting the historical record and addressing gender equity in the profession. The interviews collected here highlight several women who helped to integrate technologies into architecture through professional experimentation and cross-disciplinary collaboration. While it is not a comprehensive history, this work represents the beginning of an agenda to produce a history of technology in architecture which better reflects the contributions of women to the digital designs of today.
keywords	History of architectural computing, gender equality, SOM Computer Group, women in architecture
series	journal
email
last changed	2024/04/17 14:29

_id	caadria2021_086
id	caadria2021_086
authors	Eisenstadt, Viktor, Arora, Hardik, Ziegler, Christoph, Bielski, Jessica, Langenhan, Christoph, Althoff, Klaus-Dieter and Dengel, Andreas
year	2021
title	Exploring optimal ways to represent topological and spatial features of building designs in deep learning methods and applications for architecture
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 191-200
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.191
summary	The main aim of this research is to harness deep learning techniques to support architectural design problems in early design phases, for example, to enable auto-completion of unfinished designs. For this purpose, we investigate the possibilities offered by established deep learning libraries such as TensorFlow. In this paper, we address a core challenge that arises, namely the transformation of semantic building information into a tensor format that can be processed by the libraries. Specifically, we address the representation of information about room types of a building and type of connection between the respective rooms. We develop and discuss five formats. Results of an initial evaluation based on a classification task show that all formats are suitable for training deep learning networks. However, a clear winner could be determined as well, for which a maximum value of 98% for validation accuracy could be achieved.
keywords	deep learning; spatial configuration; data representation; semantic building fingerprint
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	caadria2021_085
id	caadria2021_085
authors	FÃ¶rster, Nick, Bratoev, Ivan, Fellner, Jakob, Schubert, Gerhard and Petzold, Frank
year	2021
title	Designing Crowd Safety - Agent-Based Pedestrian Simulations in the Early,Collaborative Design Stages
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 729-738
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.2.729
summary	Contemporary agent-based pedestrian simulations offer great potential to evaluate architectural and urban design proposals in terms of medical risks, crowd safety, and visitor comfort. Nevertheless, due to their relative computational heaviness and complicated input-parameters, pedestrian simulations are not employed during the design process commonly. Simulation results significantly impact planning decisions, especially when they are already available in the early design phases. This paper analyzes the requirements of pedestrian simulations for early planning stages, such as seamless integration into iterative and collaborative design processes, interactivity, and appropriate visualization of results. For this purpose, we combine two existing projects: a high-accuracy pedestrian simulation and the CDP//Collaborative Design Platform. To adapt the simulation method to the requirements of early planning stages, we investigate interactions that blend intuitively with the design process and enable multiple users to interact simultaneously. We simplify simulations input parameters to match the level of detail of the early design phases. The simulation model is adapted to facilitate continuous and spontaneous interactions. Furthermore, we develop visualization techniques to support initial design negotiations and present strategies for compensating computation time and giving constant feedback to a dynamic design process.
keywords	Pedestrian Simulation; Agent-Based Simulation; Early Design Stages; Collaborative Design; Human Computer Interaction
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	sigradi2021_121
id	sigradi2021_121
authors	Galbes Breda de Lima, Eduardo, Ferreira Peppe, Francisco, Cangussu Lima, Lucas Ítalo and Vizioli, Simone Helena Tanoue
year	2021
title	Comparative Study between 2D and 3D Digital Freehand Drawing Applied to the Architectural Design Process
source	Gomez, P and Braida, F (eds.), Designing Possibilities - Proceedings of the XXV International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2021), Online, 8 - 12 November 2021, pp. 1065–1076
summary	This paper aims to discuss representative subjects, such as freehand drawing and its operational tools, which allow 2D sketching through graphic drawing tables, whereas virtual reality head-mounted displays are used for 3D sketches. A pilot project exercise was carried out in the building of the Centro de Divulgaçao Científica e Cultural (CDCC-USP), in Sao Carlos (SP - Brazil). As a result, this research presents a comparative chart that investigates the potential uses of these technologies in architecture teaching and in the act of designing. Moreover, this scenario includes the 360? image technology that presents itself as a vehicle of immersion and apprehension of space, having as a backdrop the unfoldings of social isolation arising from COVID - 19.
keywords	Processo projetivo, Fotografia 360°, Percepçao, Desenho digital, Croqui tridimensional.
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/05/23 12:11

_id	ecaade2021_216
id	ecaade2021_216
authors	Grasser, Alexander and Parger, Alexandra
year	2021
title	Reappraising Configuration and its Potential for Collaborative Objects
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 181-188
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.1.181
summary	This year's conference theme `Towards a new configurable architecture', provides a good starting point for reappraising and reapplying previous concepts of `Configuration' in architectural design. The concept reappears often, but was particularly powerful whenever new computational tools and architectural concepts emerged and revealed strong synergies. In the 1960ties there was such a moment when configuration's pluralistic properties embraced architectural concepts of structuralism and early computing. Therefore this paper looks back at previous concepts of configuration to identify capacities that could inform current synergies of computational tools, such as open platforms, and architectural concepts of the second digital turn in architecture. The way we communicate, access, and exchange information recently accelerated towards realtime sharing of data, bits & pieces, and experiences. Open platforms that enable user-generated content and collective production of value are becoming more common in design. This paper discusses ways in which this collective content production can enable a computational and human-centric architecture, by reappraising previous concepts of configuration such as: open configurations, latent structures and variable infills.
keywords	Collaborative Objects; Open Configurations ; Latent Structures; Vaiable Infill; Realtime Platform; Participation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	caadria2023_446
id	caadria2023_446
authors	Guida, George
year	2023
title	Multimodal Architecture: Applications of Language in a Machine Learning Aided Design Process
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 561–570
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.2.561
summary	Recent advances in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Diffusion Models (DMs) are leading to a significant change in the way architecture is conceived. With capabilities that surpass those of current generative models, it is now possible to produce an unlimited number of high-quality images (Dhariwal and Nichol 2021). This opens up new opportunities for using synthetic images and marks a new phase in the creation of multimodal 3D forms, central to architectural concept design stages. Presented here are three methodologies of generation of meaningful 2D and 3D designs, merging text-to-image diffusion models Stable Diffusion, and DALL-E 2 with computational methods. These allow designers to intuitively navigate through a multimodal feedback loop of information originating from language and aided by artificial intelligence tools. This paper contributes to our understanding of machine-augmented design processes and the importance of intuitive user interfaces (UI) in enabling new dialogues between humans and machines. Through the creation of a prototype of an accessible UI, this exchange of information can empower designers, build trust in these tools, and increase control over the design process.
keywords	Machine Learning, Diffusion Models, Concept Design, Semantics, User Interface, Design Agency
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	ijac202119407
id	ijac202119407
authors	Haeusler, Matthias H.; Gardner, Nicole; Yu, Daniel K.; Oh, Claire; Huang, Blair
year	2021
title	(Computationally) designing out waste: Developing a computational design workflow for minimising construction and demolition waste in early-stage architectural design
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2021, Vol. 19 - no. 4, 594–611
summary	In the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry, waste is oft framed as an economic problemtypically addressed in a building’s construction and demolition phase. Yet, architectural design decision-making can significantly determine construction waste outcomes. Following the logic of zero waste, thisresearch addresses waste minimisation‘at the source’. By resituating the problem of construction wastewithin the architectural design process, the research explores waste as a data and informational problem in adesign system. Accordingly, this article outlines the creation of an integrated computational design decisionsupport waste tool that employs a novel data structure combining HTML-scraped material data and historicbuilding information modelling (BIM) data to generate waste evaluations in a browser-based 3D modellingplatform. Designing an accessible construction waste tool for use by architects and designers aims to heightenawareness of the waste implications of design decisions towards challenging the systems of consumption andproduction that generate construction and demolition waste.
keywords	Construction and demolition waste, waste minimisation, zero waste, BIM databases, design process, designmanagement, web scraping, computational design, software product development
series	journal
email
last changed	2024/04/17 14:29

_id	caadria2021_382
id	caadria2021_382
authors	Heidari, Farahbod, Saleh Tabari, Mohammad Hassan, Mahdavinejad, Mohammadjavad, Werner, Liss C. and Roohabadi, Maryam
year	2021
title	Bio-Energy Management from Micro-Algae Bio-Computational Based Reactor
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 401-410
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.401
summary	Microalgae are a sustainable source of unique properties with potential for various applications. Biofuel production has led to the use of them as bioreactors on an architectural scale. Most of these efforts cannot manage the output due to the lack of intelligent control and monitoring over environmental micro-scale growth. This research presents the possibility of control and monitoring over the bio-energy retrieved through micro-organisms in bio-reactors, specifically the growth environments computation. To achieve monitoring, three dimensions of the medium culture captured by cameras, and with the advantage of image processing, the picture frames pixel values measured. In this process, we use the Python OpenCV Library as an image processing reference. Finally, a specifically developed algorithm analyses the calculated 3d-matrix. By changing the environmental parameters, control happens by directly recognizing changes in density and outputs. This researchs computational process has proposed a novel approach for controlling particle-based environments to reach the desired functions of microorganisms, This approach can use in a wide range of cases as a method.
keywords	Bio-Computation; Monitoring; Image Processing; Pattern Recognition; Multi-Functional Bio-Materials
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	caadria2021_166
id	caadria2021_166
authors	Hu, Wei
year	2021
title	The experiment of neural network on the cognition of style
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 61-70
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.2.061
summary	This paper introduces a method to obtain quantified style description vector which is for computer analysis input by using image style classification task. In the experiment, 3331 architectural photos of three styles obtained by crawling and filtering were used as training data. A deep convolutional neural network was trained to map architectural images to high-dimensional feature space, and then the high-dimensional style description vector was used to output the measurement results of style cognition with fully connected neural network. Tested by test data-set of 371 architectural pictures, the accuracy rate of style cognition reached more than 80%. The neural network using architectural data training was applied to the style cognition of non-architectural objects, high accuracy rate was also achieved, it proved that this quantified style description vector did include the information about style cognition to some extent instead of simply classification. Finally, the similarities and differences between the cognitive characteristics of style of neural network and human beings are investigated.
keywords	deep neural network; style cognition experiment; eye tracker
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

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