Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ecaade2021_202
id	ecaade2021_202
authors	Campos, Tatiana, Cruz, Paulo J. S. and Figueiredo, Bruno
year	2021
title	The Use of Natural Materials in Additive Manufacturing of Buildings Components - Towards a more sustainable architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.1.355
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 355-364
summary	The demand for sustainable building materials is currently a major concern of society. It is known that the traditional construction industry requires a high consumption of inorganic materials, which is associated with the excessive production of waste. Thus, this article intends to demonstrate the possibility of using the Additive Manufacturing (AM) technique Paste Extrusion Modeling (PEM) in the production of reusable, biodegradable and recyclable construction systems, using a combination of different natural materials that have created multiple pastes with different additives.Cellulose is a natural material - biodegradable, recyclable and low cost - and its implementation aims to change some aspects of the current state of the construction sector and can have a real impact on the exploration of innovative solutions and more sustainable alternative building systems. The integration of AM techniques, PEM method, supported by computational modelling tools, will allow the definition of a building system and its components. Depending on the material used - natural materials or biomaterials - the constraints and limitations of AM will be considered.
keywords	Cellulose; Natural Fibers; Additive Manufacturing; Sustainable Construction
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia21_270
id	acadia21_270
authors	Dambrosio, Niccolo; Schlopschnat, Christoph; Zechmeister, Christoph; Rinderspacher, Katja; Duque Estrada, Rebeca; Knippers, Jan; Kannenberg, Fabian; Menges, Achim; Gil Peréz, Marta
year	2021
title	Maison Fibre
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.270
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 270-279.
summary	This research demonstrates the development of a hybrid FRP-timber wall and slab system for multi-story structures. Bespoke computational tools and robotic fabrication processes allow for adaptive placement of material according to specific local requirements of the structure thus representing a resource-efficient alternative to established modes of construction. This constitutes a departure from pre-digital, material-intensive building methods, based on isotropic materials towards genuinely digital building systems using lightweight, hybrid composite elements. Design and fabrication methods build upon previous research on lightweight fiber structures conducted at the University of Stuttgart and expand it towards inhabitable, multi-story building systems. Interdisciplinary design collaboration based on reciprocal computational feedback allows for the concurrent consideration of architectural, structural, fabrication and material constraints. The robotic coreless filament winding process only uses minimal, modular formwork and allows for the efficient production of morphologically differentiated building components. The research results were demonstrated through Maison Fibre, developed for the 17th Architecture Biennale in Venice. Situated at the Venice Arsenale, the installation is composed of 30 plate like elements and depicts a modular, further extensible scheme. While this first implementation of a hybrid multi-story building system relies on established glass and carbon fiber composites, the methods can be extended towards a wider range of materials ranging from ultra-high-performance mineral fiber systems to renewable natural fibers.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	ijac202119102
id	ijac202119102
authors	Doe, Robert Melvin
year	2021
title	An open, integrated modular format: For flexible and intelligible architecture, engineering and construction design and production
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2021, Vol. 19 - no. 1, 23–36
summary	The architecture, engineering and construction sector is fragmented, and its computer-aided design systems suffer data loss and errors in workflow between design and realisation. An open source, integrated, modular format is proposed to address the technological nature of these problems. Accordingly, this research updates the notion of the modular format as a more flexible and intelligible computational design method by leveraging knowledge from the computer science and manufacturing sectors where the design and realisation process is intentional and explicit. The research design of this article comprises a theoretical approach combined with an empirical case study. Principles of modularity are extracted from the computer science and manufacturing sectors to assist with a better definition of architecture, engineering and construction computer-aided design processes that use materials and resources more efficiently and sustainably. The methodology of the modular format contributes to the emerging concept of a building lifecycle management system for the architecture, engineering and construction sector.
keywords	Modular format, open source, integrated, computational design, building lifecycle management
series	journal
email
last changed	2021/06/03 23:29

_id	sigradi2021_345
id	sigradi2021_345
authors	Felipe, Bárbara L. and Nome, Carlos
year	2021
title	Digitally Prefabricated Houses: A Comparative Analysis of Executed Projects
source	Gomez, P and Braida, F (eds.), Designing Possibilities - Proceedings of the XXV International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2021), Online, 8 - 12 November 2021, pp. 967–980
summary	In Brazil, the application of wood in contemporary constructions is concentrated in the south and southeast. However, the entire country has area for cultivation and forest management, which is favorable for expansion in such applications. Wood is capable of absorbing CO2 and consumes little energy in production and manufacturing. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the deficiencies of the building typologies became evident. This research aims to analyze digitally executed prefabricated houses such as Instant House (1), Digitally Fabricated House (2) by Sass, and WikiHouse (3) by Parvin; under the categories of Cardoso (2016): modulation, reversibility, and flexibility. The deductive method was used to investigate assumptions among the three case studies; and grounded in scientific literature to analyze and collect data. In general, the solutions studied enabled customizable systems allied to wood panels, modules, and fittings as generators of architectural form.
keywords	casa pré fabricadas digitalmente, fabricaçao digital, design paramétrico, arquitetura paramétrica
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/05/23 12:11

_id	cdrf2021_3
id	cdrf2021_3
authors	Jean Jaminet, Gabriel Esquivel, and Shane Bugni
year	2021
title	Serlio and Artificial Intelligence: Problematizing the Image-to-Object Workflow
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_1
source	Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES The 3rd International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2021)
summary	Virtual design production demands that information be increasingly encoded and decoded with image compression technologies. Since the Renaissance, the discourses of language and drawing and their actuation by the classical disciplinary treatise have been fundamental to the production of knowledge within the building arts. These early forms of data compression provoke reflection on theory and technology as critical counterparts to perception and imagination unique to the discipline of architecture. This research examines the illustrated expositions of Sebastiano Serlio through the lens of artificial intelligence (AI). The mimetic powers of technological data storage and retrieval and Serlio’s coded operations of orthographic projection drawing disclose other aesthetic and formal logics for architecture and its image that exist outside human perception. Examination of aesthetic communication theory provides a conceptual dimension of how architecture and artificial intelligent systems integrate both analog and digital modes of information processing. Tools and methods are reconsidered to propose alternative AI workflows that complicate normative and predictable linear design processes. The operative model presented demonstrates how augmenting and interpreting layered generative adversarial networks drive an integrated parametric process of three-dimensionalization. Concluding remarks contemplate the role of human design agency within these emerging modes of creative digital production.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:53

_id	caadria2023_395
id	caadria2023_395
authors	Luo, Jiaxiang, Mastrokalou, Efthymia, Aldaboos, Sarah and Aldabous, Rahaf
year	2023
title	Research on the Exploration of Sprayed Clay Material and Modeling System
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.2.231
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 231–240
summary	As a traditional building material, clay has been used by humans for a long time. From early civilisations, to the modern dependence on new technologies, the craft of clay making is commonly linked with the use of moulds, handmade creations, ceramic extruders, etc. (Schmandt and Besserat, 1977). Clay in the form of bricks is one of the oldest building materials known (Fernandes et al, 2010). This research expands the possibilities offered by standardised bricks by testing types of clay, forms, shapes, porosity, and structural methods. The traditional way of working with clay relies on human craftsmanship and is based on the use of semi-solid clay (Fernandes et al., 2010). However, there is little research on the use of clay slurry. With the rise of 3D printing systems in recent years, research and development has been emerging on using clay as a 3D printing filament (Gürsoy, 2018). Researchers have discovered that in order for 3D-printed clay slurry to solidify quickly to support the weight of the added layers during printing, curing agents such as lime, coal ash, cement, etc. have to be added to the clay slurry. After adding these substances, clay is difficult to be reused and can have a negative effect on the environment (Chen et al., 2021). In this study, a unique method for manufacturing clay elements of intricate geometries is proposed with the help of an internal skeleton that can be continuously reused. The study introduces the process of applying clay on a special structure through spraying and showcases how this method creates various opportunities for customisation of production.
keywords	Spray clay, Substructure, 3D printing, Modelling system, Reusable
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	caadria2021_333
id	caadria2021_333
authors	Ma, Chun Yu, Chan, Yan Yu Jennifer and Crolla, Kristof
year	2021
title	Expanding Bending-Active Bamboo Gridshell Structures' Design Solution Space Through Hybrid Assembly Systems
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.331
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 331-340
summary	This paper discusses the development and testing of a novel design method for the low-tech construction of bending-active bamboo gridshell structures. It expands this typologys current design solution space by combining and building up on two common production methods for light-weight shell structures: 1) the lay-up method, typically used in bamboo architecture in which members are added one at a time, and 2) the flatbed method, in which a prefabricated equidistant flat grid without shear rigidity is propped up and deformed into its final doubly curved shape. The novel methodology expands the systems design solution space by incorporating singularities within the grid topology and by layering multiple separate grids. This allows for spatially radically different building geometries without loss of implementation workflow efficiency. A demonstrator design project, tested through a large-scale prototype model, is described to illustrate the possible spatially engaging architectural design opportunities presented by the novel approach.
keywords	Bending-active structures; Bamboo architecture; Shell structures; Low-tech fabrication; Form finding
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	sigradi2021_90
id	sigradi2021_90
authors	Mateus, Daniel, Pinto Duarte, José and Romao, Luís
year	2021
title	Energy-Based Design: A Digital Design System for the Design of Energy-Harvesting Building Envelopes
source	Gomez, P and Braida, F (eds.), Designing Possibilities - Proceedings of the XXV International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2021), Online, 8 - 12 November 2021, pp. 831–842
summary	The goal of the research described in this paper is to address climate change by promoting the production of renewable energy in building envelopes, which are exposed to solar radiation. It proposes an energy-based design paradigm, where energy processes shape the building form, and a digital design system for building envelopes that considers the trajectory of sunrays. The goal is to create envelopes that are efficient in harvesting solar energy, enabling them to produce the electricity that buildings consume. To operationalize the proposed digital design system, a building envelope grammar is developed and implemented in a software called LIDIA to be used by architects in design process to generate solutions with improved energy production performance. The efficiency of the resulting solutions, the effectiveness of LIDIA and, therefore, the validity of the proposed paradigm, is demonstrated with the design of envelope solutions for single family houses.
keywords	Energy-based design, Architecture-Building envelopes system, Buildings envelope grammar, Shape grammar, LIDIA software.
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/05/23 12:11

_id	caadria2021_243
id	caadria2021_243
authors	Stojanovic, Djordje and Vujovic, Milica
year	2021
title	Contactless and context-aware decision making for automated building access systems
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.2.193
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 193-202
summary	In the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic, contactless solutions are becoming increasingly important to making buildings more resilient to the spread of infectious diseases in complementing social distancing and disinfection procedures for disease prevention. The presented study focuses on contactless technology and its role beyond automated interaction with the built environment by examining how it expedited space use and could improve compliance with sanitary norms. We introduce a conceptual framework for the intelligent operation of automated doors in an educational facility, enabled by the network of sensory devices and the application of computational techniques. Our research indicates how versatile data gathered by RFID systems, in conjunction with data extracted from occupancy schedules and sanitary protocols, can be used to enable the intelligent and context-aware application of disease prevention measures. In conclusion, we discuss the benefits of the proposed concept and its role beyond the need for social distancing after the pandemic.
keywords	Human-Building Interaction; Interactive Environments; Responsive Environments; Occupancy Scheduling; Occupational Density
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ascaad2021_008
id	ascaad2021_008
authors	Alabbasi, Mohammad; Han-Mei Chen, Asterios Agkathidis
year	2021
title	Assessing the Effectivity of Additive Manufacturing Techniques for the Production of Building Components: Implementing Innovation for Housing Construction in Saudi Arabia
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 214-226
summary	This paper examines the suitability of existing robotic technologies and large-scale 3D printing techniques for the fabrication of three-dimensional printed building components to be applied in the Saudi housing construction industry. The paper assesses a series of cases based on the applications for 3D-printing cement-based materials in construction. In particular, we investigate five different additive manufacturing techniques and evaluate their performance in terms of their flexibility/mechanism, control/navigation, calibration/operation system, fabrication suitability (in-situ or off-site), size of printed components, printing speed. The findings include in a matrix chart, where the advantages and disadvantages of each technique become evident. The paper further evaluates the suitability of each technique in relation to the particular climatical and socio-political context of Saudi Arabia, applicable to other construction industries with similar conditions.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:11

_id	ascaad2021_007
id	ascaad2021_007
authors	Alabbasi, Mohammad; Han-Mei Chen, Asterios Agkathidis
year	2021
title	Developing a Design Framework for the 3D Printing Production of Concrete Building Components: A Case Study on Column Optimization for Efficient Housing Solutions in Saudi Arabia
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 713-726
summary	This paper is examining the development of a design and fabrication framework aiming to increase the efficiency of the construction of concrete building components by introducing 3D concrete printing in the context of Saudi Arabia. In particular, we will present an algorithmic process focusing on the design and fabrication of a typical, mass customised, single-family house, which incorporates parametric modelling, topology optimisation, finite element (FE) analysis and robotic 3D printing techniques. We will test and verify our framework by designing and fabricating a loadbearing concrete column with structural and material properties defined by the Saudi Building Code of Construction. Our findings are highlighting the advantages and challenges of the proposed file-to-factory framework in comparison to the conventional construction methods currently applied in Saudi Arabia, or other similar sociopolitical contexts. By comparing the material usage in both conventional and optimised columns, the results have shown that material consumption has been reduced by 25%, the required labour in the construction site has been mitigated by 28 and the duration time has been reduced by 80% without the need for formwork.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:11

_id	sigradi2021_283
id	sigradi2021_283
authors	Alexandrino, Joao Victor Mota, Amorim, Leonardo Edson, Muniz, Vinícius Fernandes and Leite, Raquel Magalhaes
year	2021
title	Architecture and Context: A Data-based Approach to Optimize Climate Performance of Built Facades
source	Gomez, P and Braida, F (eds.), Designing Possibilities - Proceedings of the XXV International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2021), Online, 8 - 12 November 2021, pp. 1139–1150
summary	The present research stems from a critical reflection about the environmental adaptability of existing building envelopes. The main goal is to explore how to balance environmental optimization with contextual constraints, using modularity, flexibility and mass customization as guiding principles. An application study was carried out with the development of a second skin proposal aligned with the use and context of the building under study. For this purpose, simulations that assess environmental conditions were developed within a visual programming tool, not only feeding the design process with essential information, but also providing a flexible creative process. Results show that such simulations allow the designer to interpret these studies more accurately, reducing the iterative guesswork, since in this workflow it is possible to transform these outputs into proposition parameters for new designs or interventions.
keywords	Data-Driven Analysis, Optimization, Parametric Facade Design, Thermal performance, High-low architecture, Mass Customization, Second Skin
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/05/23 12:11

_id	ascaad2021_004
id	ascaad2021_004
authors	Ali, Nouran; Samir Hosny, Ahmed Abdin
year	2021
title	Thermal Performance of Nanomaterials of a Medium Size Office Building Envelope: With a Special Reference to Hot Arid Climatic Zone of Egypt
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 385-396
summary	Global warming is becoming a huge threat in the 21st century. The building is the main contributor to energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions which play an important role in global warming. Using new technologies provides a step towards a better-built environment. Nanotechnology is an emerging technology that provides innovative materials that integrate with the building envelope to enhance energy efficiency and decrease energy consumption in buildings. Many Nano products are a promising candidate for building thermal insulation and increasing the building’s efficiency. This paper aims to reach minimum energy consumption by investigating Nanomaterials thermal performance on a building’s envelope in a hot arid climate. An office building in Cairo, Egypt is chosen as a case study. The paper presents an empirical/applied inquiry that is based on a computer simulation using Design Builder software. Energy consumption is calculated for different cases; the base model of the office building without using nanomaterials, and several nano models using nanomaterials. The results indicate that the use of Nanomaterials can enhance the thermal performance of the office building and save about 13.44 % of the annual energy consumption of the building.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:11

_id	ascaad2021_151
id	ascaad2021_151
authors	Allam, Samar; Soha El Gohary, Maha El Gohary
year	2021
title	Surface Shape Grammar Morphology to Optimize Daylighting in Mixed-Use Building Skin
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 479-492
summary	Building Performance simulation is escalating towards design optimization worldwide utilizing computational and advanced tools. Egypt has its plan and agenda to adopt new technologies to mitigate energy consumption through various sectors. Energy consumption includes electricity, crude oil, it encompasses renewable and non-renewable energy consumption. Egypt Electricity (EE) consumption by sector percentages is residential (47%), industrial (25%) and commercial (12%), with the remainder used by government, agriculture, public lighting and public utilities (4%). Electricity building consumption has many divisions includes HVAC systems, lighting, Computers and Electronics and others. Lighting share of electricity consumption can vary from 11 to 15 percent in mixed buildings as in our case study which definitely less that the amount used for HVAC loads. This research aims at utilizing shape morphogenesis on facades using geometric shape grammar to enhance daylighting while blocking longwave radiations causing heat stress. Mixed-use building operates in daytime more than night which emphasizes the objective of this study. Results evaluation is referenced to LEED v4.1 and ASHRAE 90.1-2016 window-to-wall ratio calibration and massive wall description. Geometric morphogenesis relies on three main parameters; Pattern (Geometry Shape Grammar: R1, R2, and R3), a reference surface to map from, and a target surface to map to which is the south-western façade of the case study. Enhancing Geo-morph rule is to guarantee flexibility due to the rotation of sun path annually with different azimuth and altitude angles and follow LEED V4.1 enhancements of opaque wall percent for building envelope.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:13

_id	ascaad2021_146
id	ascaad2021_146
authors	Aly, Zeyad; Aly Ibrahim, Sherif Abdelmohsen
year	2021
title	Augmenting Passive Actuation of Hygromorphic Skins in Desert Climates: Learning from Thorny Devil Lizard Skins
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 264-278
summary	The exploitation of latent properties of natural materials such as wood in the passive actuation of adaptive building skins is of growing interest due to their added value as a low-cost and low-energy approach. The control of wood response behavior is typically conducted via physical experiments and numerical simulations that explore the impact of hygroscopic design parameters. Desert climates however suffer from water scarcity and high temperatures. Complementary mechanisms are needed to provide sufficient sources of water for effective hygroscopic operation. This paper aims to exploit such mechanisms, with specific focus on thorny devil lizard skins whose microstructure surface properties allow for maximum humidity absorption. We put forward that this process enhances hygroscopic-based passive actuation systems and their adaptation to both humidity and temperature in desert climates. Specific parameters and rules are deduced based on the lizard skin properties. Physical experiments are conducted to observe different actuation mechanisms. These mechanisms are recorded, and texture and bending morphologies are modeled for adaptive skins using Grasshopper.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:13

_id	acadia21_258
id	acadia21_258
authors	Augustynowicz, Edyta; Smigielska, Maria; Nikles, Daniel; Wehrle, Thomas; Wagner, Heinz
year	2021
title	Parametric design and multirobotic fabrication of wood facades
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.258
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 258-269.
summary	The paper describes the findings of the applied research project by Institute Integrative Design (currently ICDP) HGK FHNW and ERNE AG Holzbau to design and manufacture prefabricated wooden façades in the collaborative design manner between architects and industry. As such, it is an attempt to respond to the current interdisciplinary split in the construction, which blocks innovation and promotes standardized inefficient building solutions. Within this project, we apply three innovations in the industrial setup that result in the integrated design-to-production process of individualized, cost-efficient and well-crafted façades. The collaborative design approach is a method in which architect, engineer and manufacturer start exchange on the early stage of the project during the collaborative design workshops. Digital design and fabrication tools enable architects to generate a large scope of façade variations within production feasibility of the manufacturer and engineers to prepare files for robotic production. Novel multi-robot fabrication processes, developed with the industrial partner, allows for complex façade assembly. This paper introduces the concept of digital craftsmanship, manifested in a mixed fabrication system, which intelligently combines automated and manual production to obtain economic feasibility and highest aesthetic quality. Finally, we describe the design and fabrication of the project demonstrator consisting of four intricate façades on a modular office building, inspired by local traditional solutions, which validate the developed methods and highlight the architectural potential of the presented approach.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	acadia21_400
id	acadia21_400
authors	Bruce, Mackenzie; Clune, Gabrielle; Xie, Ruxin; Mozaffari, Salma; Adel, Arash
year	2021
title	Cocoon: 3D Printed Clay Formwork for Concrete Casting
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.400
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 400-409.
summary	Concrete, a material widely used in the construction industry today for its low cost and considerable strength as a composite building material, allows designers to work with nearly any form imaginable; if the technology to build the formwork is possible. By combining two historic and widely used materials, clay and concrete, our proposed novel process, Cocoon, integrates robotic clay three-dimensional (3D) printing as the primary formwork and incrementally casting concrete into this formwork to fabricate nonstandard concrete elements. The incremental casting and printing process anchors the concrete and clay together, creating a symbiotic and harmonious relationship. The concrete’s fluidity takes shape from the 3D printed clay formwork, allowing the clay to gain structure from the concrete as it cures. As the clay loses moisture, the formwork begins to shrink, crack, and reveal the concrete below. This self-demolding process produces easily removable formwork that can then be recycled by adding water to rehydrate the clay creating a nearly zero-waste formwork. This technique outlines multiple novel design features for complex concrete structures, including extended height limit, integrated void space design, tolerable overhang, and practical solutions for clay deformation caused by the physical stress during the casting process. The novelty of the process created by 3D printing clay formwork using an industrial robotic arm allows for rapid and scalable production of nearly zero-waste customizable formwork. More significant research implications can impact the construction industry, integrating more sustainable ways to build, enabled by digital fabrication technologies.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	ijac202119101
id	ijac202119101
authors	Budig, Michael; Oliver Heckmann, Markus, Hudert, Amanda Qi Boon Ng, Zack Xuereb Conti, and Clement Jun Hao Lork
year	2021
title	Computational screening-LCA tools for early design stages
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2021, Vol. 19 - no. 1, 6–22
summary	Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has been widely adopted to identify the Global Warming Potential (GWP) in the construction industry and determine its high environmental impact through Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions, energy and resource consumptions. The consideration of LCA in the early stages of design is becoming increasingly important as a means to avoid costly changes at later stages of the project. However, typical LCA-based tools demand very detailed information about structural and material systems and thus become too laborious for designers in the conceptual stages, where such specifications are still loosely defined. In response, this paper presents a workflow for LCA-based evaluation where the selection of the construction system and material is kept open to compare the impacts of alternative design variants. We achieve this through a strict division into support and infill systems and a simplified visualization of a schematic floor layout using a shoebox approach, inspired from the energy modelling domain. The shoeboxes in our case are repeatable modules within a schematic floor plan layout, whose enclosures are defined by parametric 2D surfaces representing total ratios of permanent supports versus infill components. Thus, the assembly of modular surface enclosures simplifies the LCA evaluation process by avoiding the need to accurately specify the physical properties of each building component across the floor plan. The presented workflow facilitates the selection of alternative structural systems and materials for their comparison, and outputs the Global Warming Potential (GWP) in the form of an intuitive visualization output. The workflow for simplified evaluation is illustrated through a case study that compares the GWP for selected combinations of material choice and construction systems.
keywords	Computational life cycle assessment tool, embodied carbon, parametric design, construction systems, global warming potential
series	journal
email
last changed	2021/06/03 23:29

_id	acadia21_392
id	acadia21_392
authors	Carlow, Jason
year	2021
title	Al Janah Pavilion
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.392
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 392-397.
summary	This pavilion project was built as an outcome of an undergraduate design studio and design practicum at the American University of Sharjah in the UAE. The research methodology for the studio included case studies of various traditional building types to understand how traditional architecture in the MENA (Middle East and North Africa) region has been intelligently shaped by desert climate and Islamic culture over hundreds of years. Understanding and analysis of the precedent projects helped students to formulate climatic, structural, and material strategies for their design endeavors. Of the thirteen conceptual building envelopes developed by thirteen students in the design studio, the Al Janah scheme was chosen for development and construction.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	sigradi2021_176
id	sigradi2021_176
authors	Escaleira, Cláudia, Morais, António, Figueiredo, Bruno and Cruz, Paulo
year	2021
title	Reuse of Ceramic Roof Tiles: Enhancing New Functional Design Possibilities Through the Integration of Digital Tools for Simulation, Manufacture and Assembly
source	Gomez, P and Braida, F (eds.), Designing Possibilities - Proceedings of the XXV International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2021), Online, 8 - 12 November 2021, pp. 1475–1486
summary	The material qualities of ceramic roof tiles have provided new formal interpretations that induced a new functional use—a wall. By disassembling ceramic roof tiles from roofs and assembling them into walls, its circularity potential was enlarged. This paper explores the potential use of ceramic roof tiles, as a single element type, in the definition of wall design systems and patterns of composition that comply with design for manufacture, assembly and disassembly (DfMA-D) requirements, through the development of a shape grammar and implementation through parametric models. The new shape grammar extends the compositional patterns already produced and the redefinition of the connection systems by incorporating DfMA-D requirements into the shape grammar rules sets new combinatorial patterns aligned with European Union goals for building circularity. The parametric models automate the generation of design solutions and extend the design process to the assembly and disassembly stages using robotic fabrication techniques.
keywords	circular building, component reuse, computational design, ceramic roof tiles, robotics in architecture
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/05/23 12:11

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