Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ecaade2021_130
id	ecaade2021_130
authors	Alassaf, Nancy and Clayton, Mark
year	2021
title	The Use of Diagrammatic Reasoning to Aid Conceptual Design in Building Information Modeling (BIM)
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.039
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 39-48
summary	Architectural design is an intellectual activity where the architect moves from the abstract to the real. In this process, the abstract represents the logical reasoning of how architectural form is configured or structured, while the real refers to the final physical form. Diagrams become an integral part of the conceptual design stage because they mediate between those two realms. Building Information Modeling (BIM) can reallocate the effort and time to emphasize conceptual design. However, many consider BIM a professionally-oriented tool that is less suitable for the early design stages. This research suggests that architectural design reasoning can be achieved using constraint-based parametric diagrams to aid conceptual design in BIM. The study examines several techniques and constructs a framework to use diagrams in the early design stages. This framework has been investigated through Villa Stein and Citrohan House by Le Corbusier. This study addresses two roles of diagrams: the generative role to create various design solutions and the analytical one to conduct an early performance study of the building. Our research contributes to the discussion on the ways designers can use digital diagrams to support the architectural design process.
keywords	Building Information Modeling (BIM); Performance analysis ; Architectural Form; Diagram; Parametric modeling
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2021_216
id	caadria2021_216
authors	Aman, Jayedi, Tabassum, Nusrat, Hopfenblatt, James, Kim, Jong Bum and Haque, MD Obidul
year	2021
title	Optimizing container housing units for informal settlements - A parametric simulation & visualization workflow for architectural resilience
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.051
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 51-60
summary	In rapidly growing cities like Dhaka, Bangladesh, sustainable housing in urban wetlands and slums present a challenge to more affordable and livable cities. The Container Housing System (CHS) is among the latest methods of affordable, modular housing quickly gaining acceptance among local stakeholders in Bangladesh. Even though container houses made of heat-conducting materials significantly impact overall energy consumption, there is little research on the overall environmental impact of CHS. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the performance of CHS in the climatic context of the Korail slum in Dhaka. The paper proposes a building envelope optimization and visualization workflow utilizing parametric cluster simulation modeling, multi-objective optimization (MOO) algorithms, and virtual reality (VR) as an immersive visualization technique. First, local housing and courtyard patterns were used to develop hypothetical housing clusters. Next, the CHS design variables were chosen to conduct the MOO analysis to measure Useful Daylight Illuminance and Energy Use Intensity. Finally, the prototype was integrated into a parametric VR environment to enable local stakeholders to walk through the clusters with the goal of generating feedback. This study shows that the proposed method can be implemented by architects and planners in the early design process to help improve the stakeholders understanding of CHS and its impact on the environment. It further elaborates on the implementation results, challenges, limitations of the parametric framework, and future work needed.
keywords	Multi-objective Optimization; Building Energy Use; CHS; Informal Settlements; Parametric VR
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2021_036
id	caadria2021_036
authors	Batchelor, David and Schnabel, Marc Aurel
year	2021
title	Opportunities and Recommendations for Local Governments Delivering Smart Heritage
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.2.749
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 749-758
summary	The expansion of smart computer-led technologies into new disciplines enables local governments to design and manage their cities with novel smart discourses. Smart Heritage, the convergence of the smart city and heritage disciplines, offers local governments means to regulate and steer these issues. However, due to its novelty, currently, no research exists on the opportunities and trajectory of Smart Heritage within local government. Therefore, the here presented paper reports the opportunities and recommendations for Smart Heritage within local government, drawing on interviews with smart city and heritage advisors from three Australian local councils. It finds opportunities for smart computer-led technologies to design unique economic, place-making, and governance experiences in cities and recommendations that normalise the delivery of local governments regulatory duties by these technologies. The findings are significant for leading smart technologies further into the practical-political framework of local government and diversifying smart cities scope while at the same time combining two separated policies.
keywords	Smart Heritage; Heritage; Smart City
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2021_146
id	caadria2021_146
authors	Calixto, Victor, Canuto, Robson, Noronha, Marcela, Afrooz, Aida, Gu, Ning and Celani, Gabriela
year	2021
title	A layered approach for the data-driven design of smart cities
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.2.739
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 739-748
summary	Current approaches to smart cities have focused on implementing technologies to harvest and analyse data through sensors and artificial intelligence to improve urban performance from the top-down. However, cities are complex systems of interconnected layers that change at different speeds. More persistent layers, like networks and occupation, must have smartness embedded in them through smarter design processes. In recent years, there has been an increase in digital tools for urban design, applying computational design methods and data analytics strategies, enabling collaborative and evidence-based approaches that support sustainable urban design. A critical evaluation of their potential to inform design is necessary to aid practitioners to choose and adopt these novel strategies and tools in practice. This paper presents a critical review of selected data-driven design cloud platforms, focusing on data-driven urban design approaches that can enable the use of ICTs to steer cities into a smarter future from the bottom-up.
keywords	Smart Cities; Data-Driven Urban Design; Computational Design
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	sigradi2021_203
id	sigradi2021_203
authors	Diniz, Maria Luisa, Silva, Alan Felipe, Wedekin, Gabriela, Castro, Rafaela and Duarte, Rovenir
year	2021
title	Affective Cartographies for Smarter Cities
source	Gomez, P and Braida, F (eds.), Designing Possibilities - Proceedings of the XXV International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2021), Online, 8 - 12 November 2021, pp. 1295–1306
summary	This paper focuses on the study of affective and digital cartographies and on relating them systematically with their design applications. The research is based on the Design Science Research strategy, through the following logical structure: (1) Problem identification; (2) Communication; (3) Definition of the objective of the solution; (4) Artifact design, development and implementation; (5) Demonstration and Evaluation. The results presented correspond to phases (1), (2) and structuring of (3). The categorization was based on the principles: (a) dynamism (dynamic vs. static), (b) responsiveness (immediate vs. non-immediate), (c) implementation domain (hard vs. soft), and (d) affective aspect (quantitative vs. qualitative). This was synthesized in a chart, which was submitted to the analysis of a group of 4 experts from a public urban planning entity, and possible applications of affective cartographies in urban projects were obtained. Those were confronted with reality from the overlapping of the problems listed with the synthesis chart, positioning such cartographies as to their vocations.
keywords	cartografias digitais, afeto, Deleuze, senseable cities, Smart City
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/05/23 12:11

_id	caadria2021_376
id	caadria2021_376
authors	Dounas, Theodoros, Jabi, Wassim and Lombardi, Davide
year	2021
title	Topology Generated Non-Fungible Tokens - Blockchain as infrastructure for a circular economy in architectural design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.2.151
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 151-160
summary	The paper presents a new digital infrastructure layer for buildings and architectural assets. The infrastructure layer consists of a combination of topology graphs secured on a decentralised ledger. The topology graphs organise non-fungible digital tokens which each represent and correspond to building components, and in the root of the graph to the building itself.The paper presents background research in the relationship of building representation in the form of graphs with topology, of both manifold and non manifold nature. In parallel we present and analyse the relationship between digital representation and physical manifestation of a building, and back again. Within the digital representations the paper analyses the securing and saving of information on decentralised ledger technologies (such as blockchain). We then present a simple sample of generating and registering a non-manifold topology graph on the Ethereum blockchain as an EC721 token, i.e. a digital object that is unique, all through the use of dynamo and python scripting connected with a smart contract on the Ethereum blockchain. Ownership of this token can then be transferred on the blockchain smart contracts. The paper concludes with a discussion of the possibilities that this integration brings in terms of material passports and a circular economy and smart contracts as an infrastructure for whole-lifecycle BIM and digitally encapsulates of value in architectural designPlease write your abstract here by clicking this paragraph.
keywords	Blockchain; Tokenisation; Topology; Circular Economy; decentralisation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	sigradi2021_20
id	sigradi2021_20
authors	Dounas, Theodoros, Jabi, Wassim and Lombardi, Davide
year	2021
title	Non-Fungible Building Components: Using Smart Contracts for a Circular Economy in the Built Environment
source	Gomez, P and Braida, F (eds.), Designing Possibilities - Proceedings of the XXV International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2021), Online, 8 - 12 November 2021, pp. 1189–1198
summary	The presented research study tackles the topic of economic and material sustainable development in the built environment and construction industry by introducing and applying the concept and the potential of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) on blockchain within the early stages of the design process via the interface of common design software. We present a digital infrastructure layer for architectural assets and building components that can integrate with AEC supply chains, enabling a more effective and articulated development of circular economies. The infrastructure layer consists of a combination of topology graphs secured with a blockchain. The paper concludes with a discussion about the possibilities of material passports as well as circular economy and smart contracts as an infrastructure for whole lifecycle BIM and digital encapsulation of value in architectural design.
keywords	Non-fungible tokens, Blockchain, Supply Chain, Building Representation, Circular Economy
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/05/23 12:11

_id	ascaad2021_138
id	ascaad2021_138
authors	Elkhateeb, Samah; Manal El-Shahat
year	2021
title	A Roadmap for Smart City in the Arab Region - A Paradigm Shift in Post-Pandemic Era
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 317-328
summary	A radical and rapid change in the world in the time of COVID19 pandemic powerfully brings the new era of digitalisation, and the 4th generation of the industrial revolution of Internet of Things (IoT) into practice. This raises many questions regarding the future smart city’s development in Arab region: Are our cities ready for such a rapid transformation towards this digital era? Do cities have adequate infrastructure for this? What are the guidelines required to achieve Smart City (SC) models in the Arab region? The aim of this research is to assess the status quo of the new developed cities in the Arab region as models of smart cities and indicate the factors that prove their maturity and readiness for the future digital transformation in the post-pandemic era. The research methodology is an application tool on two case studies, to prove that the features and characteristics of the existing on-ground initiatives and programmes support the digitalisation movement in these two cities. The research findings are a paving roadmap for the decision makers towards efficiently functioning models for sustainable SCs in the Arab region.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:13

_id	caadria2021_311
id	caadria2021_311
authors	Gu, Xiangshu, Tian, Shulin, Zhang, Baihui, Tong, Ziyu and Gan, Jingwen
year	2021
title	SECTIONMATRIX - Mapping Urban Form through Urban Sections
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.2.599
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 599-608
summary	Most of the traditional studies on urban morphology are based on aerial views. However, the 2D plane model fails to describe the height information of buildings and the relation of buildings and the urban external space. An urban section is another map of an urban area. Through a series of continuous vertical urban slices, the city texture can be transformed into planar linear information containing height and width information. This paper proposes several indicators to describe a series of urban section slices and uses a three-dimensional coordinate mapping method Sectionmatrix to quantify and analyze the relation between the physical geometrical indicators and urban form from the section perspective. Through the case analysis of multiple residential blocks in Nanjing, China, the results showed that Sectionmatrix is convenient and efficient. Sectionmatrix relates the geometrical properties to the spatial characteristics of urban areas and provides a new way to classify, map and define building typologies. This new classification method reveals the tortuosity and complexity of residential blocks. By bridging the gap between quantity and form, the research also suggests other possible applications of Sectionmatrix as a control instrument and test framework for entire cities planning and design.
keywords	Urban Morphology; Urban Section; Sectionmatrix; Quantitative Analysis
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ecaade2021_125
id	ecaade2021_125
authors	Heidari, Farahbod, Mahdavinejad, Mohammadjavad, Werner, Liss C. and Khayami, Sima
year	2021
title	PH Computation to Growth Prediction
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.1.095
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 95-104
summary	Bacterial cellulose is a bio self-assembled organic material with unique features such as great tensile strength, biodegradability, and renewable potential that has made it worthwhile for different fields of industrial development research. Since the past decade, in the field of architecture also, enormous efforts were done to reach the desired guided shape of bacterial cellulose with optimized structural features. However, all these efforts are in their infancy. To reach the adaptive architectural bio-component, we need something beyond static prototyping. Therefore, we investigate the specific type "Bacterium Glucoacetobacter xylinus(BC)" cellulose growth procedure by syncing the culture medium (cellulose growth environment) to a virtual stimulating environment to introduce the computational architectural design process based on dynamic biological structures. This research presents the smart design process via the syncing of CAD environment and growth environment to create a framework that provides data analysis that the implementation of its outcomes can revolutionize the bio-digital fabrication process.
keywords	Bio-fabrication; Bio-based material; Biocomputation; Living Functional Components; Pattern Recognition; AI prediction
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	caadria2021_282
id	caadria2021_282
authors	Jauk, Julian, VaÅ¡atko, Hana, Gosch, Lukas, Christian, Ingolf, Klaus, Anita and Stavric, Milena
year	2021
title	Digital Fabrication of Growth - Combining digital manufacturing of clay with natural growth of mycelium
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.753
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 753-762
summary	In this paper we will demonstrate that a digital workflow and a living material such as mycelium, make the creation of smart structural designs possible. Ceramics industries are not as technically advanced in terms of digital fabrication, as the concrete or steel industries are. At the same time, bio-based materials that use growth as a manufacturing method, are often lacking in basic research. Our interdisciplinary research combines digital manufacturing - allowing a controlled material distribution, with the use of mycelial growth - enabling fibre connections on a microscopic scale. We developed a structure that uses material informed toolpaths for paste-based extrusion, which are built on the foundation of experiments that compare material properties and observations of growth. In this manner the tensile strength of 3D printed unfired clay elements was increased by using mycelium as an intelligently oriented fibre reinforcement. Assembling clay-mycelium composites in a living state allows force-transmitting connections within the structure. The composite named 'MyCera' has exhibited structural properties that open up the possibility of its implementation in the building industry. In this context it allows the design and efficient manufacturing of lightweight ceramic constructions customized to this composite, which would not have been possible using conventional ceramics fabrication methods.
keywords	Mycelium; Clay; 3D Printing; Growth; Bio-welding
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	caadria2021_404
id	caadria2021_404
authors	Kim, Jong Bum, Aman, Jayedi and Balakrishnan, Bimal
year	2021
title	Forecasting performance of Smart Growth development with parametric BIM-based microclimate simulations
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.411
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 411-420
summary	Smart Growth is a fast-growing urban design and planning movement developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). These regulations control urban morphologies such as building form, position, faÃ§ade configurations, building materials, road configurations, which have an explicit association with the microclimate and outdoor comfort. This paper presents an urban modeling and simulation framework that can represent the urban morphology and its impact on microclimate shaped by Smart Growth. First, we created urban models using custom parametric objects and a building component library in BIM. Then we integrated parametric BIM and multiple performance simulations, including wind analysis, solar accessibility, and energy use. For implementation, a case study was carried out using two Smart Growth regulations in the Kansas City metropolitan area. The paper elaborates on the findings from simulation results, challenges in implementation, and limitations of the proposed framework to manage a large number of regulation variables in simulation.
keywords	Smart Growth Regulations; Building Information Modeling (BIM); Parametric Simulation; Microclimate Simulation; Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	acadia21_222
id	acadia21_222
authors	Lok, Leslie; Samaniego, Asbiel; Spencer, Lawson
year	2021
title	Timber De-Standardized
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.222
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 222-231.
summary	Timber De-Standardized is a framework that salvages irregular and regular shaped tree logs by utilizing a mixed reality (MR) interface for the design, fabrication, and assembly of a structurally viable tree log assembly. The process engages users through a direct, hands-on design approach to iteratively modify and design irregular geometry at full scale within an immersive MR environment without altering the original material. A digital archive of 3D scanned logs are the building elements from which users, designing in the MR environment, can digitally harvest (though slicing) and place the elements into a digitally constructed whole. The constructed whole is structurally analyzed and optimized through recursive feedback loops to preserve the user’s predetermined design. This iterative toggling between the physical and virtual emancipates the use of irregular tree log structures while informing and prioritizing the user’s design intent. To test this approach, a scaled prototype was developed and fabricated in MR. By creating a framework that links a holographic digital design to a physical catalog of material, the interactive workflow provides greater design agency to users as co-creators in processing material parts. This participation enables users to have a direct impact on the design of discretized tree logs that would otherwise have been discarded in standardized manufacturing. This paper presents an approach in which complex tree log structures can be made without the use of robotic fabrication tools. This workflow opens new opportunities for design in which users can freely configure structures with non-standardized elements within an intuitive MR environment.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	acadia21_492
id	acadia21_492
authors	Römert, Olivia; Zboinska, Malgorzata A.
year	2021
title	Aligning the Analog, Digital, and Hyperreal
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.492
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 492-501.
summary	This work explores the relevance of photogrammetry-generated errors for contemporary architectural design. Unlike approaches featuring correction or elimination of such errors, this study demonstrates how they can be accommodated in the design process to expand its exploratory boundaries and emancipate the designer from the need of ultimate control. The work also highlights the relevance of software error explorations in the context of modern media culture theory and critical discourses on computer-generated imagery. By exploring the errors of photogrammetry, the study sought to highlight its potential as a creative exploration medium instead of a mere representation tool, using new interventions to an existing building as an experimental brief. Conducting the explorations within the philosophical framework of Jean Baudrillard's four orders of the image, and relating them to contrasting discourses, allowed to coin their most important creative and esthetic values. It revealed how surplus, leftover and undesirable data can be harnessed to provide a critical trajectory, through computation, to fields like historic preservation and adaptive reuse. The study concludes by proposing that photogrammetry errors, although distancing the digital representation from an accurate depiction of analog reality, do not deprive it of new meaning. Conversely, they generate new esthetic, spatial and functional qualities that uncover alternative, critical ways of architectural creation. Conducting error explorations in the context of philosophies debating the value of the real and hyperreal increases their discursive potential, legitimizing the agency of software errors in architectural computing.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	ascaad2021_115
id	ascaad2021_115
authors	Shams El-Din, Hend
year	2021
title	Using 3D digital technologies for the documentation and reconstruction of destroyed heritage buildings
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 581-591
summary	Egypt lacks documentation of many of its distinguished heritage treasures, such as artifacts, buildings, monuments and sites. As for the documented component, documents remain in library shelves without much access except for specialists. Much of this documentation has disappeared as a result of neglect, damage factors and various structural repercussions, or as a result of demolition. There is no doubt about the number of heritage buildings that were demolished for city planning purposes, especially in Cairo which possesses more than a third of the traces of the Islamic civilization; a transformationthat is demonstrated by comparing scholar descriptions of the French campaign to Egypt in 1798 and photos taken from the years 1899 to 1920 and beyond, leading to loss of valuable cultural heritage. Therefore, the preservation of this heritage, with the advancement in digital technologies has become one of the important priorities at the international level to confront these problems.Some of the approaches in this regard involve 3D information modeling using either photogrammetry and laser scanning, or 3D modeling and documentation using AutoCAD or 3DMax. This paper addresses the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology in recording, documenting and imagining the reconstruction of heritage buildings, especially partially or completely destroyed heritage buildings, based on written descriptions, pictures or drawings, and the exploitation of technology in the application of virtual heritage, the reconstruction and composition of buildings, structures or artifacts virtually on the computer at fixed epochs. The aim of the paper is to provide a framework to preserve heritage at a lower cost than modern high cost methods, provide a library of its unique architectural elements, revive heritage documents of antiquities, as well as benefiting from their added value in maintenance and restoration operations, and offering data for further studies related to preservation of cultural heritage.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:13

_id	ecaade2023_259
id	ecaade2023_259
authors	Sonne-Frederiksen, Povl Filip, Larsen, Niels Martin and Buthke, Jan
year	2023
title	Point Cloud Segmentation for Building Reuse - Construction of digital twins in early phase building reuse projects
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.327
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 2, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 327–336
summary	Point cloud processing has come a long way in the past years. Advances in computer vision (CV) and machine learning (ML) have enabled its automated recognition and processing. However, few of those developments have made it through to the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry. Here, optimizing those workflows can reduce time spent on early-phase projects, which otherwise could be spent on developing innovative design solutions. Simplifying the processing of building point cloud scans makes it more accessible and therefore, usable for design, planning and decision-making. Furthermore, automated processing can also ensure that point clouds are processed consistently and accurately, reducing the potential for human error. This work is part of a larger effort to optimize early-phase design processes to promote the reuse of vacant buildings. It focuses on technical solutions to automate the reconstruction of point clouds into a digital twin as a simplified solid 3D element model. In this paper, various ML approaches, among others KPConv Thomas et al. (2019), ShapeConv Cao et al. (2021) and Mask-RCNN He et al. (2017), are compared in their ability to apply semantic as well as instance segmentation to point clouds. Further it relies on the S3DIS Armeni et al. (2017), NYU v2 Silberman et al. (2012) and Matterport Ramakrishnan et al. (2021) data sets for training. Here, the authors aim to establish a workflow that reduces the effort for users to process their point clouds and obtain object-based models. The findings of this research show that although pure point cloud-based ML models enable a greater degree of flexibility, they incur a high computational cost. We found, that using RGB-D images for classifications and segmentation simplifies the complexity of the ML model but leads to additional requirements for the data set. These can be mitigated in the initial process of capturing the building or by extracting the depth data from the point cloud.
keywords	Point Clouds, Machine Learning, Segmentation, Reuse, Digital Twins
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	sigradi2021_373
id	sigradi2021_373
authors	Soza, Pedro, Perelli, Bruno and Tapia, Ricardo
year	2021
title	Smart Cities, Smart Housing, Smart Habitat: Are We There Yet?
source	Gomez, P and Braida, F (eds.), Designing Possibilities - Proceedings of the XXV International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2021), Online, 8 - 12 November 2021, pp. 1127–1138
summary	This paper presents the results of a study seeking to understand users' attitudes regarding their consumption and use of the Internet, IoT devices, and related technologies. The framework of the study reviews the concept of Smart City, presents the position of Santiago (capital of Chile) within a world index of Smart Cities, and draft the status of three housing complexes located in highly vulnerable areas in Santiago in light of such an index. Further, we discuss what is missing to solve the gap between current trends and the image of Santiago as a real Smart City in Latin America.
keywords	IoT, Smart buildings, Social Housing, Design
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/05/23 12:11

_id	ecaade2021_330
id	ecaade2021_330
authors	Vazquez, Elena, Evrim, Berfin and Duarte, Jose
year	2021
title	Towards a Digital Workflow for Designing Bistable Kinetic Façades
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.1.365
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 365-372
summary	New engineered materials present an excellent opportunity for architects and researchers to reimagine traditionally static building components as dynamic and shape-changing. Bistable materials show two zero energy states and can transition between them with the input of a small force. These engineered materials have yet to be explored for large-scale architectural applications. This study presents a digital workflow for designing a kinetic shading system for facades with bistable laminates. The workflow includes an FEA model that predicts the curved shape of bistable laminates and a digital simulation model that predicts the natural light performance of the resulting kinetic screens. We describe the workflow and demonstrate its use with a case study of a manually operated bistable facade. The study forms part of a larger research agenda to develop kinetic architectural systems using bistable and smart materials.
keywords	Compliant mechanisms; bistable laminates; kinetic facades; snap-through; dynamic shadings; carbon fiber laminates
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ascaad2021_118
id	ascaad2021_118
authors	Abdelmohsen, Sherif; Passaint Massoud
year	2021
title	Material-Based Parametric Form Finding: Learning Parametric Design through Computational Making
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 521-535
summary	Most approaches developed to teach parametric design principles in architectural education have focused on universal strategies that often result in the fixation of students towards perceiving parametric design as standard blindly followed scripts and procedures, thus defying the purpose of the bottom-up framework of form finding. Material-based computation has been recently introduced in computational design, where parameters and rules related to material properties are integrated into algorithmic thinking. In this paper, we discuss the process and outcomes of a computational design course focused on the interplay between the physical and the digital. Two phases of physical/digital exploration are discussed: (1) physical exploration with different materials and fabrication techniques to arrive at the design logic of a prototype panel module, and (2) deducing and developing an understanding of rules and parameters, based on the interplay of materials, and deriving strategies for pattern propagation of the panel on a façade composition using variation and complexity. The process and outcomes confirmed the initial hypothesis, where the more explicit the material exploration and identification of physical rules and relationships, the more nuanced the parametrically driven process, where students expressed a clear goal oriented generative logic, in addition to utilizing parametric design to inform form finding as a bottom-up approach.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:13

_id	sigradi2021_234
id	sigradi2021_234
authors	Al Nouri, Mhd Ziwar, Baghdadi, Bilal and Khateeb, Nairooz
year	2021
title	Re-coding Post-War Syria: The Role of Data Collection & Objective Investigations in PostWar Smart City
source	Gomez, P and Braida, F (eds.), Designing Possibilities - Proceedings of the XXV International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2021), Online, 8 - 12 November 2021, pp. 127–145
summary	Re-coding post-war Syria is an ongoing research and data platform, focused on innovation and collecting comprehensive, infrastructural and socioeconomic analytics, synchronization data, by using AI driven to give a more transparent image of innovating a new methodology to regenerate the future of post-war smart cities into advanced and sustainable urban environments in a smarter way (Fig. 1). The pressure to achieve a rapid Post-war smart city without clear strategy and comprehensive analysis of all aspects will cause a particularly catastrophic collapse in the interconnected social structure, services, education and health care system, leaving a long-term impact on the society. This paper presents the current status of the Research & Documentation methodology in the Data Collection phase by the objective investigations conducted through a series of local and international workshops species developed in this research called “Re-Coding“, offering consequent direct ground surveys, statistics and documentation study of the targeted areas, merging professionalism and youth power with local community to detect an open source data used as a tool to re-generate a precarious area towards a new methodology.
keywords	Post-War Smart cities, Collecting Data, Local community, Objective Investigations, Artificial intelligence
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/05/23 12:10

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