Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	acadia21_410
id	acadia21_410
authors	Meibodi, Mania Aghaei; Craney, Ryan; McGee, Wes
year	2021
title	Robotic Pellet Extrusion: 3D Printing and Integral Computational Design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.410
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 410-419.
summary	3D printing offers significant geometric freedom and allows the fabrication of integral parts. This research showcases how robotic fused deposition modeling (FDM) enables the prefabrication of large-scale, lightweight, and ready-to-cast freeform formwork to minimize material waste, labor, and errors in the construction process while increasing the speed of production and economic viability of casting non-standard concrete elements. This is achieved through the development of a digital design-to-production workflow for concrete formwork. All functions that are needed in the final product, an integrally insulated steel-reinforced concrete wall, and the process for a successful cast, are fully integrated into the formwork system. A parametric model for integrated structural ribbing is developed and verified using finite element analysis. A case study is presented which showcases the fully integrated system in the production of a 2.4 m tall x 2.0 m curved concrete wall. This research demonstrates the potential for large-scale additive manufacturing to enable the efficient production of non-standard concrete formwork.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	cdrf2021_263
id	cdrf2021_263
authors	Risu Na and Haocheng Dai
year	2021
title	A Framework for Cypher-Physical Human-robot Collaborative Immersive MR Interaction – Beaux Arts Ball 4.0
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_25
source	Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES The 3rd International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2021)
summary	In this paper, we presented a human-robot collaborative mixed reality application – Beaux Arts Ball 4.0, in which a real-time interactive hybrid and physical architectural environment were designed and experienced through the tools and techniques of mixed reality, cypher-physical, teleoperation, telepresence, and automation. The application engaged the user and observer in a continuous loop of architectural transformation during the experience, where every type of sensory was blurred between physical and digital perception.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:53

_id	ecaade2021_237
id	ecaade2021_237
authors	Sönmez, Ayça and Gönenç Sorguç, Arzu
year	2021
title	Computer-Aided Fabrication Technologies as Computational Design Mediators
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.1.465
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 465-474
summary	The developments in recent technologies through Industry 4.0 lead to the integration of digital design and manufacturing processes. Albeit manufacturing continues to increase its importance as design input, it is generally considered at the last stages of the design process. This misconception results in a gap between digital design and fabrication, leading to differences between the initial design and the fabricated outcome in the context of architectural tectonics. Here, we present an artificial intelligence (AI)-based approach that aims to provide a basis to bridge the gap between computation and fabrication. We considered a case study of a 3D model in two stages. In the first stage, an intuitive and top-down design process is adopted, and in the second stage, an AI-based exploration is conducted with three cases derived from the same 3D model. The outcomes of the two stages provided a dataset including different design parameters to be used in a decision tree classifier algorithm which selects the manufacturing method for a given 3D model. Our results show that generative design simulations based on manufacturing constraints can provide a significant variety of manufacturable design alternatives, and minimizes the difference between design alternatives. Using our proposed approach, the time spent in form-finding and fabrication can be reduced significantly. Additionally, the implementation of decision tree classifier learning algorithm shows that AI can serve designers to make accurate predictions for manufacturing method.
keywords	Generative Design; Computer-Aided Fabrication; Arcihtecture 4.0; Artificial Intelligence; Digital Tectonics
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	acadia20_120p
id	acadia20_120p
authors	Hirth, Kevin
year	2020
title	Short Stack
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume II: Projects [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95253-6]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by M. Yablonina, A. Marcus, S. Doyle, M. del Campo, V. Ago, B. Slocum. 120-123
summary	Short Stack is a bare minimal structure using only laminated sheets of structural metal decking for all elements of its structure and enclosure. The project operates under a simple principle. Structural metal decking is a one-way system that resists loads well in one direction, but not in the other. When this decking is stacked into rotated sections and tensioned together, the resultant sandwich of corrugated metal is resistant to loading in every direction. These sandwiches become walls, floors, and roofs to a temporary structure. The compounded effect at the edges of the rotated and cropped decking is one of filigree or an ornamental articulation. The sandwich, which is mostly hollow due to the section of the decking, provides a sense of airy lightness that is at odds with its bulky mass. The structure, therefore, teeters between being unexpectedly open and at once heavy. The economy of the project is in its uniformity and persistent singularity. By maintaining a single palette of material and using a plasma cutting CNC bed to cut each section of the decking, the structure is simply assembled. The digital intelligence that lies underneath the apparent formal simplicity of the project is two-fold. Firstly, each sheet of metal decking is different from the next. Because of the locations of bolt-holes and constant variability of rotation and cropping of each sheet, it is a project that expresses uniformity rather than articulation through discretization. Secondly, the project appears solid and monolithic but is hollowed structurally to minimize the weight of the assembly. Parametric tools are implemented to maximize material efficiencies by hollowing the interior of each sandwich for load optimization. The project is presently in prototyping and documentation and will go into construction in Spring 2021 on a site in downtown Denver.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2021/10/26 08:03

_id	ecaade2022_302
id	ecaade2022_302
authors	Lu, Xin, Meng, Zeyuan, Rodriguez, Alvaro Lopez and Pantic, Igor
year	2022
title	Reusable Augmented Concrete Casting System - Accessible method for formwork manufacturing through holographic guidance
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.1.371
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 1, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 371–380
summary	Reinforced concrete has been one of the essential materials for modern architecture for the last hundred years. Its use is entirely global, having been adopted by all cultures and styles since its invention in the late 19th century. Although its value is excellent due to its low cost, durability and adaptability, its environmental impact is significant, being, in fact, one of the most polluting industries in the world (Babor et al. 2009). This experimental project will research a more sustainable use of concrete, exploring a new form of reusable concrete formwork that will ideally reduce the CO2 footprint by removing wood waste in the casting process and replacing it with adaptable metal components. The modular part-based system for the concrete casting also attempts to simplify one of the current complexities for concrete construction, the Skilled-Labour shortage. (Yusoff et al. 2021). To mitigate this problem, the project also proposes using an Augmented Assembly logic for the casting parts to guide the ensemble and dismantle the formwork through an optimised algorithmic logic. The use of Augmented Reality as a replacement for traditional paper instructions will facilitate access to more workers to this construction art and potentially improve access to optimised use of concrete in developing communities with restricted building technological resources.
keywords	Mixed Reality, Distributed Manufacturing, Augmented Manufacturing, Sustainability, Computational Design, Concrete Casting
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	caadria2023_127
id	caadria2023_127
authors	Franze, Anthony, Caldwell, Glenda, Belek Fialho Teixeira, Muge and Rittenbruch, Markus
year	2023
title	Informing User-Centred Approaches to Augmented Custom Manufacturing Practices
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.1.353
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 353–362
summary	This practice-based research presents insights into the potential and challenges for augmented and mixed reality (AR/MR) technology to enhance Australian small-to-medium (SME) custom manufacturers’ agility to overcome existing Industry 4.0 (I4.0) workforce productivity and efficiency challenges. Moreover, it seeks to understand the technology’s ability to support custom manufacturers and the architectural, engineering and construction (AEC) sector transition to a more human-centric Industry 5.0 (I5.0) model, whereby the well-being of the fabricator is placed back at the centre of manufacturing processes. This qualitative study draws on interviews with eleven Australian custom manufacturing industry professionals to inform pertinent themes around fabricators’ current use and perceptions of mixed reality technology. Results indicate benefits for fabricators in reducing 2D drawing and task-related ambiguities in fabrication and assembly practices and reveal factors surrounding underutilisation. Synthesising insights and reflecting on Teixeira et al., (2021)’s XR-PACT framework, key research areas are identified for future AR/MR development centred on fabrication users’ distinct needs to improve accessibility, empower fabricators and ultimately assist the competitiveness of custom manufacturers and the AEC sector.
keywords	Augmented and Mixed Reality, Custom Manufacturing, SME, User-centred design, Industry 5.0
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	ijac202119404
id	ijac202119404
authors	Ghandi, Mona; Blaisdell, Marcus; Ismail, Mohamed
year	2021
title	Embodied empathy: Using affective computing to incarnate human emotion and cognition in architecture
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2021, Vol. 19 - no. 4, 532–552
summary	This research aims to develop a cyber-physical adaptive architectural space capable of real-time responses topeople’s emotions, based on biological and neurological data. To achieve this goal, we integrated artificialintelligence (AI), wearable technology, sensory environments, and adaptive architecture to create anemotional bond between a space and its occupants and encourage affective emotional interactions betweenthe two. The project’s objectives were to (1) measure and analyze biological and neurological data to detectemotions, (2) map and illustrate that emotional data, and (3) link occupants’emotions and cognition to a builtenvironment through a real-time emotive feedback loop. Using an interactive installation as a case study, thiswork examines the cognition-emotion-space interaction through changes in volume, color, and light as ameans of emotional expression. It contributes to the current theory and practice of cyber-physical design andthe role AI plays, as well as the interaction of technology and empathy.
keywords	Places and awareness, artificial intelligence and machine learning in design, intelligent responsive spaces,affective computing in architecture, cognition-emotion-space interaction, embodied empathy, neuromorphicdesign, cyber-physical neurospaces
series	journal
email
last changed	2024/04/17 14:29

_id	ascaad2021_054
id	ascaad2021_054
authors	Kontovourkis, Odysseas; Andreas Konstantinou, Nikos Kyrizi, Panagiota Tziourrou,
year	2021
title	Built-In Immersive VR Technology for Decision-Making in Design and Simulation of a Flexible Shading Device
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 190-200
summary	This paper discusses the potential offered by Virtual Reality (VR) and accompanied gesture-based devices as tools for architectural design and simulation. This is done by outlining a workflow and by demonstrating an experimental study for the development of an interactive, flexible and parametric shading device consisting of bending-active wooden strips. More specifically, the project focuses on the relationship between physical inputs acquisition and virtual experience of two users in space. Through the use of Kinect and VR headset, the first user is responsible to check and control the shading system regarding the shape and sun direction. The aim is to create configurations that serves his/her shading needs by moving his/her hand in order to hide the sun in a game like procedure until satisfactory shading is acquired. The second user, through the use of a leap motion sensor and a projection screen, is able to check and control the efficiency of structure in terms of bending behavior and environmental impact, also in a loop of possibilities. Using the thump and pointer fingers he/she controls the bending behavior by watching a screen that shows in different colours the bending factor of each element. At the same time, the distance between his/her hands controls the number of elements in order to achieve the optimal rate between material consumption and shading. The two users can intervene sequentially or concurrently during the process. A series of investigations related to shading rate and bending behavior as well as minimum material consumption leading to lower environmental impact are conducted. This attempts to offer useful conclusions as regard the potential application of immersive VR technology as mechanism for decision-making in architecture and simulation but also in the fabrication of the suggested shading device.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:11

_id	ecaade2021_011
id	ecaade2021_011
authors	Nováková, Kateøina and Vele, Jiøí
year	2021
title	Prvok - An experiment with 3D printing large doublecurved concrete structure
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.137
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 137-144
summary	In this experimental research project we report on the manufacturing process of the first full-size 3D printed concrete structure in our country. The house was 3D printed by an ABB IRB 6700 robot whose range we made fit with the requirements for transportation size and also, its range determined the size and geometry of the house. During the transformation process from sketch to code we involved students to apply computational design methods. We designed the main load bearing structure which had to be thinnest and lightest possible together with its insulation features and printability. We were aware of the world-wide research in this field started by NASA centennial Challenge called 3D-printed-habitat [Roman,2020] as well as start-ups derived from this research [1,2,3,4]. During the project, we investigated the following matters: (1) the relationship between geometry of the wall in model and in practice (2), setting of the robot and the mixture; and (3) stress test of the wall. With the results of the test we aimed at contribution to standardisation of 3D printed structures in ISO/ASTM 52939:2021. The finalized structure, named "Prvok", was made to prove printability of the mixture and stability of the design.
keywords	3D printing; robot; concrete; grasshopper; experiment; house
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	caadria2021_110
id	caadria2021_110
authors	Bao, Ding Wen, Yan, Xin, Snooks, Roland and Xie, Yi Min
year	2021
title	SwarmBESO: Multi-agent and evolutionary computational design based on the principles of structural performance
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.241
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 241-250
summary	This paper posits a design approach that integrates multi-agent generative algorithms and structural topology optimisation to design intricate, structurally efficient forms. The research proposes a connection between two dichotomous principles: architectural complexity and structural efficiency. Both multi-agent algorithms and Bi-directional evolutionary structural optimisation (BESO) (Huang and Xie 2010), are emerging techniques that have significant potential in the design of form and structure.This research proposes a structural behaviour feedback loop through encoding BESO structural rules within the logic of multi-agent algorithms. This hybridisation of topology optimisation and swarm intelligence, described here as SwarmBESO, is demonstrated through two simple structural models. The paper concludes by speculating on the potential of this approach for the design of intricate, complex structures and their potential realisation through additive manufacturing.
keywords	Swarm Intelligence; Multi-agent; BESO (bi-directional evolutionary structural optimisation); Intricate Architectural Form; Efficient Structure
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ascaad2021_122
id	ascaad2021_122
authors	Georgiou, Michail; Odysseas Georgiou, Pavlos Fereos, Eftihis Efthimiou
year	2021
title	X-Max \| A Digitally Fabricated, Component-Based, Scrap Metal Assembly
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 536-549
summary	The paper presents the outcome, titled X-MAX, of an educational, intensive 2-week workshop that focused in digitally fabricated, 3D component-based, non-Euclidean geometries using sheet metal forming. Related case studies are analyzed, compared, and grouped to identify the position and contribution of the research in the field. Early design proposals are compared and evaluated based on the hypothesis that improvements in material efficiency and construction/fabrication logistics can contribute towards more affordable design solutions. The fittest solution is further developed and optimized for construction, resulting in a full-scale prototype demonstrating expedited assembly times and decrease in manual labor with parallel savings in material resources. A purposely built design workflow is supported by a comprehensive computational model, enabling information input and output and control via various design parameters. The methodologies of registering scrap sheet metal for fabrication and simulating material bending behavior implementing K-factors are presented and discussed as novel and integral parts of the above workflow.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:13

_id	caadria2021_218
id	caadria2021_218
authors	Saslawsky, Kevin, Sanford, Tyler, MacDonald, Katie and Schumann, Kyle
year	2021
title	Branching Inventory - Democratized Fabrication of Available Stock
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.513
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 513-522
summary	Branching inventory is a construction methodology demonstrated through a full-scale structural prototype that reduces the waste inherent in milling lumber and celebrates natural variation by making complex form the efficient result of irregular material. The processing of wood into standardized components embeds waste and intensive energy consumption into timber construction. This work reimagines the utility of raw materials, using computational feedback to place natural form in dialogue with design intent -- creating a dialogue between technology, material, and designer. A custom workflow synthesizes a network of branches into a specific, structural form, shaped by the thicknesses and curvatures of the stock material as well as design input. Building on work using machine visioning in fabricating non-standard timber by others -- most of which relies on elaborate and cost-prohibitive 3D scanning and robotic fabrication systems -- branching inventory demonstrates a low-fidelity, democratized version of such approaches, using standard wood and metal-working tools and in which the available material stock contributes to design possibilities.
keywords	Digital Design; Digital Fabrication; 3D Scanning; Material Agency; Democratized Technology
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	cdrf2021_380
id	cdrf2021_380
authors	Jiabei Ye and Xiaoxi Guo
year	2021
title	Mass Customization: The Implication on Development of Aluminum Joint
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_35
source	Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES The 3rd International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2021)
summary	In the manufacturing process, the production of standardized prefabricated components is highly efficient, which can benefit the demand for mass production of standardized architecture after World War II. However, overstandardized architecture sometimes cannot satisfy the demand for uniqueness in an architecture project. At this time, bespoke components began to be used to solve the over-simplification of aesthetics of architecture. Besides, with the help of digital fabrication, bespoke components could achieve mass customization in architecture. The research designs two joints: prefabricated aluminum joints and bespoke aluminum joints, which aims to develop bespoke joints to aluminum components with ornamental characteristics and become a part of architecture with practical function and ornamental function. Furthermore, in the process of generating bespoke joints, improve the deficiency when conducting lost-foam casting.
series	cdrf
last changed	2022/09/29 07:53

_id	ascaad2021_000
id	ascaad2021_000
authors	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.)
year	2021
title	ASCAAD 2021: Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies - Transformation and Challenges
source	Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021.
summary	The ASCAAD 2021 conference theme addresses the gradual shift in computational design from prototypical morphogenetic-centered associations in the architectural discourse. This imminent shift of focus is increasingly stirring a debate in the architectural community and is provoking a much needed critical questioning of the role of computation in architecture as a sole embodiment and enactment of technical dimensions, into one that rather deliberately pursues and embraces the humanities as an ultimate aspiration. We have encouraged researchers and scholars in the CAAD community to identify relevant visions and challenging aspects such as: from the tangible to the intangible, from the physical to the phenomenological, from mass production to mass customization, from the artifact-centered to the human-centered, and from formalistic top-down approaches to informed bottom-up approaches. A parallel evolving impact in the field of computational design and innovation is the introduction of disruptive technologies which are concurrently transforming practices and businesses. These technologies tend to provoke multiple transformations in terms of processes and workflows, methodologies and strategies, roles and responsibilities, laws and regulations, and consequently formulating diverse emergent modes of design thinking, collaboration, and innovation. Technologies such as mixed reality, cloud computing, robotics, big data, and Internet of Things, are incessantly changing the nature of the profession, inciting novel modes of thinking and rethinking architecture, developing new norms and impacting the future of architectural education. With this booming pace into highly disruptive modes of production, automation, intelligence, and responsiveness comes the need for a revisit of the inseparable relation between technology and the humanities, where it is possible to explore the urgency of a pressing dialogue between the transformative nature of the disruptive on the one hand and the cognitive, the socio-cultural, the authentic, and the behavioral on the other.
series	ASCAAD
last changed	2022/05/19 11:45

_id	ascaad2021_118
id	ascaad2021_118
authors	Abdelmohsen, Sherif; Passaint Massoud
year	2021
title	Material-Based Parametric Form Finding: Learning Parametric Design through Computational Making
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 521-535
summary	Most approaches developed to teach parametric design principles in architectural education have focused on universal strategies that often result in the fixation of students towards perceiving parametric design as standard blindly followed scripts and procedures, thus defying the purpose of the bottom-up framework of form finding. Material-based computation has been recently introduced in computational design, where parameters and rules related to material properties are integrated into algorithmic thinking. In this paper, we discuss the process and outcomes of a computational design course focused on the interplay between the physical and the digital. Two phases of physical/digital exploration are discussed: (1) physical exploration with different materials and fabrication techniques to arrive at the design logic of a prototype panel module, and (2) deducing and developing an understanding of rules and parameters, based on the interplay of materials, and deriving strategies for pattern propagation of the panel on a façade composition using variation and complexity. The process and outcomes confirmed the initial hypothesis, where the more explicit the material exploration and identification of physical rules and relationships, the more nuanced the parametrically driven process, where students expressed a clear goal oriented generative logic, in addition to utilizing parametric design to inform form finding as a bottom-up approach.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:13

_id	ascaad2021_142
id	ascaad2021_142
authors	Bakir, Ramy; Sara Alsaadani, Sherif Abdelmohsen
year	2021
title	Student Experiences of Online Design Education Post COVID-19: A Mixed Methods Study
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 142-155
summary	This paper presents findings of a survey conducted to assess students’ experiences within the online instruction stage of their architectural education during the lockdown period caused by the COVID-19 pandemic between March and June 2020. The study was conducted in two departments of architecture in both Cairo branches of the Arab Academy for Science, Technology & Maritime Transport (AASTMT), Egypt, with special focus on courses involving a CAAD component. The objective of this exploratory study was to understand students’ learning experiences within the online period, and to investigate challenges facing architectural education. A mixed methods study was used, where a questionnaire-based survey was developed to gather qualitative and quantitative data based on the opinions of a sample of students from both departments. Findings focus on the qualitative component to describe students’ experiences, with quantitative data used for triangulation purposes. Results underline students’ positive learning experiences and challenges faced. Insights regarding digital tool preferences were also revealed. Findings are not only significant in understanding an important event that caused remote architectural education in Egypt but may also serve as an important stepping-stone towards the future of design education in light of newly-introduced disruptive online learning technologies made necessary in response to lockdowns worldwide
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:13

_id	sigradi2021_280
id	sigradi2021_280
authors	Banda, Pablo, García-Alvarado, Rodrigo and Munoz-Sanguinetti, Claudia
year	2021
title	Architectural Digital Design for 3D Printing Housing: Search for 3D Printing in Construction Trends for a Design Methodology
source	Gomez, P and Braida, F (eds.), Designing Possibilities - Proceedings of the XXV International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2021), Online, 8 - 12 November 2021, pp. 1409–1421
summary	This paper proposes the development of a methodology for the digital generation of valid 3D-printed houses designs and fabrication programming, in the search for an emerging architectural language of this technology. The aim is to develop a transparent, generic and variable modeling and management process, based on some parametric patterns for 3D printing, architectural and construction design knowledge. That serves as an outline or insight of what can be designing architectural 3d-printed forms in the Construction 4.0 era. Preliminary results, discussion and further work are presented.
keywords	3D Printed Buildings, Generative Design, Parametric Design, Digital Fabrication, Housing
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/05/23 12:11

_id	ascaad2021_069
id	ascaad2021_069
authors	Cheddadi, Aqil; Kensuke Hotta, Yasushi Ikeda
year	2021
title	Exploring the Self-Organizing Structure of the Moroccan Medina: A Simulation Model for Generating Urban Form
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 672-685
summary	This research explores the use of generative design and computational simulations in the exploration of urban compositions based on traditional urban forms from North Africa. Upon the examination of these urban settlements, we discuss the relationship between traditional urban form and generative urbanism theory. We investigate several factors that allow these self-generated urban tissues to be highly adaptive to social, spatial, and environmental change. Following this, we formulate guidelines to reinterpret some of the characteristics of these urban forms. Built on these features, the simulation seeks to explore the generation of abstract urban forms and their optimization. In this regard, this experiment utilizes 3D and parametric design tools (Rhinoceros 3D and Grasshopper) to define a generative urban simulation and optimization model. It explores the use of algorithmic design methodology in the definition and optimization of the generated urban form. For this purpose, grid-based operations with base modules are used in conjunction with introverted urban blocks. We employ evolutionary algorithms and Pareto front methodology to visualize and rank a multitude of optimized results that are evaluated using three different and conflicting design objectives: sun exposure, physical accessibility, and urban density. The results are ranked and analyzed by comparing the outcomes of these different objective functions. The result of this study shows that it is possible to allow a degree of diversification of a myriad of urban configurations with a generative form-finding algorithm while still maintaining a rather commendable adaptability to various design constraints in the case of high-density settings. In this research, it is anticipated that an algorithmic design model is a fitting contemporary solution that can simulate the philosophy of a design made without a designer and offer a wide range of objective-based spatial solutions. It sets the stage for a discussion about the relevance of reinterpreting traditional urban forms from north Africa by designing a generative model that allows for self-organization.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:13

_id	ascaad2021_083
id	ascaad2021_083
authors	El-Dabaa, Rana; Islam Salem, Sherif Abdelmohsen
year	2021
title	Digitally Encoded Wood: 4D Printing of Hygroscopic Actuators for Architectural Responsive Skins
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 241-252
summary	This paper exploits passive responsive actuators as a passive approach for adaptive façades. The study encodes the embedded hygroscopic parameters of wood through 4D printing of laminated wooden composites as a responsive wooden actuator. Several experiments focus on controlling the printed hygroscopic parameters based on the effect of 3D printing patterns and infill height on the wooden angle of curvature. We present a set of controlled printed hygroscopic parameters that stretch the limits in controlling the response of wood to humidity instead of the typical natural properties of wood. The results show a passive programmed self-actuated mechanism that can enhance responsive façade design with zero energy consumption through utilizing both material science and additive manufacturing mechanisms. This passive responsive mechanism can be utilized in adaptive facades for dynamic shading configurations.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:13

_id	ascaad2021_108
id	ascaad2021_108
authors	Elbaz, Noran; Mohamed Ezzeldin
year	2021
title	Phenomenological BIM Design Evaluation of Indoor Spatial Configurations
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 371-383
summary	The studies of evaluating spaces’ different spatial configurations mostly cover the physical dimensions; especially when using digital platforms such as BIM. The gap between the physical dimension of abstract spaces, and the metaphorical senses of these places, has always been a missing layer when testing the quality of space. The current BIM tools – as a digital platform – are mostly based only on physical dimensions of spaces, where the phenomenological approach is not considered as one of the layers or attributes when evaluating the spatial configurations of indoor spaces. This missing layer of the user perceptual experience leads to incomprehensive results of spatial design evaluation. This paper aims to identify the gap between the qualitative and quantitative studies of space configurations and the experiential dimension of indoor spaces in order to increase the accuracy of design evaluation by filling the missing gaps through adding; to the spatial configurations of physical ‘Space’ another dimensions and attributes that are related to senses of ‘Place,’ highlighting the need of creating a SIM, “Sensory Information Modeling,” a digital platform for Places integrated with BIM for Spaces.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:13

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