Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Reformat results as: short short into frame detailed detailed into frame

_id	acadia21_328
id	acadia21_328
authors	Akbari, Mostafa; Lu, Yao; Akbarzadeh, Masoud
year	2021
title	From Design to the Fabrication of Shellular Funicular Structures
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 328-339.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.328
summary	Shellular Funicular Structures (SFSs) are single-layer, two-manifold structures with anticlastic curvature, designed in the context of graphic statics. They are considered as efficient structures applicable to many functions on different scales. Due to their complex geometry, design and fabrication of SFSs are quite challenging, limiting their application in large scales. Furthermore, designing these structures for a predefined boundary condition, control, and manipulation of their geometry are not easy tasks. Moreover, fabricating these geometries is mostly possible using additive manufacturing techniques, requiring a lot of supports in the printing process. Cellular funicular structures (CFSs) as strut-based spatial structures can be easily designed and manipulated in the context of graphic statics. This paper introduces a computational algorithm for translating a Cellular Funicular Structure (CFS) to a Shellular Funicular Structure (SFS). Furthermore, it explains a fabrication method to build the structure out of a flat sheet of material using the origami/ kirigami technique as an ideal choice because of its accessibility, processibility, low cost, and applicability to large scales. The paper concludes by displaying a structure that is designed and fabricated using this technique.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	acadia21_354
id	acadia21_354
authors	Liu, Yulun; Lu, Yao; Akbarzadeh, Masoud
year	2021
title	Kerf Bending and Zipper-in Spatial Timber Tectonics
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 354-361.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.354
summary	Space frames are widely used in spatial constructions as they are lightweight, rigid, and efficient. However, when it comes to the complex and irregular spaces frames, they can be difficult to fabricate because of the uniqueness of the nodes and bars. This paper presents a novel timber space frame system that can be easily manufactured using 3-axis CNC machines, and therefore increase the ease of the design and construction of complex space frames. The form-finding of the space frame is achieved with the help of polyhedral graphic statics (PGS), and resulted form has inherent planarity which can be harnessed in the materialization of the structure. Inspired by the traditional wood tectonics kerf bending and zippers are applied when devising the connection details. The design approach and computational process of this system are described, and a test fabrication of a single node is made via 3-axis CNC milling and both physically and numerically tested. The structural performance shows its potentials for applications in large-scale spatial structures.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	acadia21_410
id	acadia21_410
authors	Meibodi, Mania Aghaei; Craney, Ryan; McGee, Wes
year	2021
title	Robotic Pellet Extrusion: 3D Printing and Integral Computational Design
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 410-419.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.410
summary	3D printing offers significant geometric freedom and allows the fabrication of integral parts. This research showcases how robotic fused deposition modeling (FDM) enables the prefabrication of large-scale, lightweight, and ready-to-cast freeform formwork to minimize material waste, labor, and errors in the construction process while increasing the speed of production and economic viability of casting non-standard concrete elements. This is achieved through the development of a digital design-to-production workflow for concrete formwork. All functions that are needed in the final product, an integrally insulated steel-reinforced concrete wall, and the process for a successful cast, are fully integrated into the formwork system. A parametric model for integrated structural ribbing is developed and verified using finite element analysis. A case study is presented which showcases the fully integrated system in the production of a 2.4 m tall x 2.0 m curved concrete wall. This research demonstrates the potential for large-scale additive manufacturing to enable the efficient production of non-standard concrete formwork.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	ecaade2021_019
id	ecaade2021_019
authors	Zhang, Xiao, Wang, Xiang, Yu, Zhongsheng, Yuan, Chao, Jiang, Jingjing, Yang, Qingfeng and Lin, Bian
year	2021
title	Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication Based on 3D Graphic Statics
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 235-242
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.1.235
summary	Graphic statics vividly shows the topological relationship between the "form" represented by the structure itself and the "force" generated by its action through graphic method, which has become an important tool for architects to carry out structural innovative design in the past century. In the 21st century, with the development of computer technology, graphic statics has developed from the dual relationship between 2D thrust network and closed force polygon to the dual relationship between 3D thrust network and space closed force polyhedron. In this paper, the design method of graphic statics based on 3D graphic statics is applied to a stainless chair and an ice pavilion design. Researchers used different digital fabrication methods to manufacture the chair and the pavilion according to its material attribute.
keywords	3D Graphic Statics; Computational Design; Ice Structure; Robotic Fabrication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ascaad2021_007
id	ascaad2021_007
authors	Alabbasi, Mohammad; Han-Mei Chen, Asterios Agkathidis
year	2021
title	Developing a Design Framework for the 3D Printing Production of Concrete Building Components: A Case Study on Column Optimization for Efficient Housing Solutions in Saudi Arabia
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 713-726
summary	This paper is examining the development of a design and fabrication framework aiming to increase the efficiency of the construction of concrete building components by introducing 3D concrete printing in the context of Saudi Arabia. In particular, we will present an algorithmic process focusing on the design and fabrication of a typical, mass customised, single-family house, which incorporates parametric modelling, topology optimisation, finite element (FE) analysis and robotic 3D printing techniques. We will test and verify our framework by designing and fabricating a loadbearing concrete column with structural and material properties defined by the Saudi Building Code of Construction. Our findings are highlighting the advantages and challenges of the proposed file-to-factory framework in comparison to the conventional construction methods currently applied in Saudi Arabia, or other similar sociopolitical contexts. By comparing the material usage in both conventional and optimised columns, the results have shown that material consumption has been reduced by 25%, the required labour in the construction site has been mitigated by 28 and the duration time has been reduced by 80% without the need for formwork.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:11

_id	acadia21_258
id	acadia21_258
authors	Augustynowicz, Edyta; Smigielska, Maria; Nikles, Daniel; Wehrle, Thomas; Wagner, Heinz
year	2021
title	Parametric design and multirobotic fabrication of wood facades
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 258-269.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.258
summary	The paper describes the findings of the applied research project by Institute Integrative Design (currently ICDP) HGK FHNW and ERNE AG Holzbau to design and manufacture prefabricated wooden façades in the collaborative design manner between architects and industry. As such, it is an attempt to respond to the current interdisciplinary split in the construction, which blocks innovation and promotes standardized inefficient building solutions. Within this project, we apply three innovations in the industrial setup that result in the integrated design-to-production process of individualized, cost-efficient and well-crafted façades. The collaborative design approach is a method in which architect, engineer and manufacturer start exchange on the early stage of the project during the collaborative design workshops. Digital design and fabrication tools enable architects to generate a large scope of façade variations within production feasibility of the manufacturer and engineers to prepare files for robotic production. Novel multi-robot fabrication processes, developed with the industrial partner, allows for complex façade assembly. This paper introduces the concept of digital craftsmanship, manifested in a mixed fabrication system, which intelligently combines automated and manual production to obtain economic feasibility and highest aesthetic quality. Finally, we describe the design and fabrication of the project demonstrator consisting of four intricate façades on a modular office building, inspired by local traditional solutions, which validate the developed methods and highlight the architectural potential of the presented approach.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	caadria2021_005
id	caadria2021_005
authors	Bedarf, Patrick, Martinez Schulte, Dinorah, Åženol, AyÃ§a, Jeoffroy, Etienne and Dillenburger, Benjamin
year	2021
title	Robotic 3D Printing of Mineral Foam for a Lightweight Composite Facade Shading Panel
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 603-612
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.603
summary	This paper presents the design and fabrication of a lightweight composite facade shading panel using 3D printing (3DP) of mineral foams. Albeit their important role in industrial construction practice as insulators and lightweight materials, only little research has been conducted to use foams in 3DP. However, the recent development of highly porous mineral foams that are very suitable for extrusion printing opens a new chapter for development of geometrically complex lightweight building components with efficient formwork-free additive manufacturing processes. The work documented in this paper was based on preliminary material and fabrication development of a larger research endeavor and systematically explored designs for small interlocking foam modules. Furthermore, the robotic 3D Printing setup and subsequent processing parameters were tested in detail. Through extensive prototyping, the design space of a final demonstrator shading panel was mapped and refined. The design and fabrication process is documented and shows the potential of the novel material system in combination with fiber-reinforced ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). The resulting composite shading panel highlights the benefits of using mineral foam 3DP to fabricate freeform stay-in-place formwork for lightweight facade applications. Furthermore, this paper discusses the challenges and limitations encountered during the project and gives a conclusive outlook for future research.
keywords	robotic 3d-printing; mineral foam; lightweight construction; concrete formwork; facade shading panel
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia21_270
id	acadia21_270
authors	Dambrosio, Niccolo; Schlopschnat, Christoph; Zechmeister, Christoph; Rinderspacher, Katja; Duque Estrada, Rebeca; Knippers, Jan; Kannenberg, Fabian; Menges, Achim; Gil Peréz, Marta
year	2021
title	Maison Fibre
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 270-279.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.270
summary	This research demonstrates the development of a hybrid FRP-timber wall and slab system for multi-story structures. Bespoke computational tools and robotic fabrication processes allow for adaptive placement of material according to specific local requirements of the structure thus representing a resource-efficient alternative to established modes of construction. This constitutes a departure from pre-digital, material-intensive building methods, based on isotropic materials towards genuinely digital building systems using lightweight, hybrid composite elements. Design and fabrication methods build upon previous research on lightweight fiber structures conducted at the University of Stuttgart and expand it towards inhabitable, multi-story building systems. Interdisciplinary design collaboration based on reciprocal computational feedback allows for the concurrent consideration of architectural, structural, fabrication and material constraints. The robotic coreless filament winding process only uses minimal, modular formwork and allows for the efficient production of morphologically differentiated building components. The research results were demonstrated through Maison Fibre, developed for the 17th Architecture Biennale in Venice. Situated at the Venice Arsenale, the installation is composed of 30 plate like elements and depicts a modular, further extensible scheme. While this first implementation of a hybrid multi-story building system relies on established glass and carbon fiber composites, the methods can be extended towards a wider range of materials ranging from ultra-high-performance mineral fiber systems to renewable natural fibers.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	cdrf2021_275
id	cdrf2021_275
authors	E. Özdemir, L. Kiesewetter, K. Antorveza, T. Cheng, S. Leder, D. Wood, and A. Menges
year	2021
title	Towards Self-shaping Metamaterial Shells: A Computational Design Workflow for Hybrid Additive Manufacturing of Architectural Scale Double-Curved Structures
source	Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES The 3rd International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2021)
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_26
summary	Double curvature enables elegant and material-efficient shell structures, but their construction typically relies on heavy machining, manual labor, and the additional use of material wasted as one-off formwork. Using a material’s intrinsic properties for self-shaping is an energy and resource-efficient solution to this problem. This research presents a fabrication approach for self-shaping double-curved shell structures combining the hygroscopic shape-changing and scalability of wood actuators with the tunability of 3D-printed metamaterial patterning. Using hybrid robotic fabrication, components are additively manufactured flat and self-shape to a pre-programmed configuration through drying. A computational design workflow including a lattice and shell-based finite element model was developed for the design of the metamaterial pattern, actuator layout, and shape prediction. The workflow was tested through physical prototypes at centimeter and meter scales. The results show an architectural scale proof of concept for self-shaping double-curved shell structures as a resource-efficient physical form generation method.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:53

_id	ijac202119201
id	ijac202119201
authors	Gumuskaya, Gizem
year	2021
title	Multimaterial bioprinting—minus the printer: Synthetic bacterial patterning with UV-responsive genetic circuits
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2021, Vol. 19 - no. 2, 121–141
summary	In this paper, we argue that synthetic biology can help us employ living systems’ unique capacity for self-construction and biomaterial production toward developing novel architectural fabrication paradigms, in which both the raw material production and its refinement into a target structure can be merged into a single computational process embedded in the living structure itself. To demonstrate, here we introduce bioPheme, a novel biofabrication method for engineering bacteria to build biomaterial(s) of designer’s choice into arbitrary 2D geometries specified via transient UV tracing. To this end, we present the design, construction, and testing of the enabling synthetic DNA circuit, which, once inserted into a bacterial colony, allows the bacteria to execute spatial computation by interacting with one another based on the if-then rules encoded in this circuit. At the heart of this genetic circuit is a pair of UV sensor – actuator, and a pair of cell-to-cell signal transmitter – receptor modules, created with genes extracted from the virus ? Phage and marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri, respectively. These modules are wired together to help designers engineer bacteria to build macro-scale structures with seamlessly integrated biomaterials, thereby bridge the molecular and architectural scales. In this way, a bacterial lawn can be programmed to produce different objects with complementary biomaterial compositions, such as a biomineralized superstructure and an elastic tissue filling in-between. In summary, this paper focuses on how scientists’ increasing ability to harness the innate computational capacity of living cells can help designers create self-constructing structures for architectural biofabrication. Through the discussions in this paper, we aim to initiate a shift in today’s biodesign practices toward a greater appreciation and adoption of bottom-up governance of living structures. We are confident that such a paradigm shift will allow for more efficient and sustainable biofabrication systems in the 4th industrial revolution and beyond.
keywords	Synthetic biology, architecture, optogenetics, design computation, genetic circuits, biofabrication, synthetic morphogenesis, computational fabrication, architectural fabrication, biodesign
series	journal
email
last changed	2024/04/17 14:29

_id	caadria2021_157
id	caadria2021_157
authors	Huang, Xiaoran, Kimm, Geoff and Burry, Mark
year	2021
title	Exploiting game development environments for responsive urban design by non-programmers - melding real-time ABM pedestrian simulation and form modelling in Unity 3D
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 689-698
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.2.689
summary	Precinct-level pedestrian simulation often requires moderate to high-level modelling skills with a steep learning curve, and is usually non-flexible, time-consuming and exclusive of the broader public community. Confronting these problems, our research investigates a novel and agile workflow to test precinct pedestrian behaviours by melding agent-based simulation (ABM) and responsive real-time form modelling mechanisms within accessible visualisation of city and precinct environments in a game engine, Unity 3D. We designed an agent system prototype of configurable and interoperable nodes that may be placed in an urban modelling scenario. Realtime CSG, a fast polygon-based modelling plugin, is also introduced to our workflow where users can use the evidence observed when running a scenario to quickly adjust the street morphology and buildings in response. In this process, end users are kept in the design loop and may make critical adjustments, whereby a responsive, collective, informed design agenda for our built environments can inform more detailed outcomes of pedestrian behaviour and action and promote more efficient collaborations for both professionals and local communities.
keywords	Agent-based pedestrian simulation; responsive modelling; computer-aided urban design; public participation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	caadria2021_282
id	caadria2021_282
authors	Jauk, Julian, VaÅ¡atko, Hana, Gosch, Lukas, Christian, Ingolf, Klaus, Anita and Stavric, Milena
year	2021
title	Digital Fabrication of Growth - Combining digital manufacturing of clay with natural growth of mycelium
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 753-762
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.753
summary	In this paper we will demonstrate that a digital workflow and a living material such as mycelium, make the creation of smart structural designs possible. Ceramics industries are not as technically advanced in terms of digital fabrication, as the concrete or steel industries are. At the same time, bio-based materials that use growth as a manufacturing method, are often lacking in basic research. Our interdisciplinary research combines digital manufacturing - allowing a controlled material distribution, with the use of mycelial growth - enabling fibre connections on a microscopic scale. We developed a structure that uses material informed toolpaths for paste-based extrusion, which are built on the foundation of experiments that compare material properties and observations of growth. In this manner the tensile strength of 3D printed unfired clay elements was increased by using mycelium as an intelligently oriented fibre reinforcement. Assembling clay-mycelium composites in a living state allows force-transmitting connections within the structure. The composite named 'MyCera' has exhibited structural properties that open up the possibility of its implementation in the building industry. In this context it allows the design and efficient manufacturing of lightweight ceramic constructions customized to this composite, which would not have been possible using conventional ceramics fabrication methods.
keywords	Mycelium; Clay; 3D Printing; Growth; Bio-welding
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	acadia21_564
id	acadia21_564
authors	Pellicano, Emily; Sturken, Carlo
year	2021
title	GPT-OA; Generative Pretrained Treatise--On Architecture
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 564-571.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.564
summary	Technological advancements throughout the industrial era have created more efficient, more economical, and safer machines to aid – and often replace – human operations, continually altering our ways of knowledge and world making. Each industrial advancement radically changes social, political, economic, environmental, and even linguistic conditions. Currently upon us is artificial intelligence (AI); machine to human and machine to machine communications. Our investigation examines AI as a creative tool, instead of a machine for industry. Recent advancements in natural language processing have made artificially intelligent machines, specifi cally Generative Pretrained Transformers (GPT), a potential active partici- pant in a creative computational discourse. Our particular interest in GPT, and the core of this project, explores the role of language in machine learning and the role of the author and editor within a continually expanding network of agents in the construction of our collective environments.
series	ACADIA
type	field note
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	ascaad2021_044
id	ascaad2021_044
authors	Özerol, Gizem; Semra Selçuk
year	2021
title	Designing Facades Based on Daylight Parameter: A Proposal for the Production of Complex Surface Panelization
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 58-68
summary	Nowadays, due to the increasing demand for sustainable design and energy efficient buildings, “performance” is becoming a key parameter behind design decisions. Traditional design methods may be insufficient in both evaluating the energy performance and producing optimized design alternatives, as well as in understanding the relationship between design variables and performance metrics. Recently, via parametric design tools and optimization algorithms, a wide range of design methods have been formed and various performance data have been measured and optimized. In this context, this study offers a design approach to integrate sustainability principles and physical environmental conditions into the design process as a quantifiable parameter used to improve building performance. Further, this study aims to design a facade and its modules based on environmental conditions in Istanbul, Turkey. The design process focuses on daylight radiation and the analysis of environmental data using a digital model. Rhino and Grasshopper software was used as the digital medium for design and Ladybug-Honeybee plugins were utilized in the analysis. Based on Istanbul’s weather data obtained from Ladybug, optimization of the model consisting of the first diagrams was achieved during the environmental analysis process. The model underwent the analysis process created for facade panelization and the panelization process was carried out according to daylight radiation. After the design process is completed, the model will be ready for production for the 3d printed model. As a result of the study, a discussion developed on how to integrate precast concrete panels into the design of complex geometrical surfaces using computational design techniques.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:11

_id	acadia21_318
id	acadia21_318
authors	Borhani, Alireza; Kalantar, Negar
year	2021
title	Nesting Fabrication
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 318-327.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.318
summary	Positioned at the intersection of the computational modes of design and production, this research explains the principles and applications of a novel fabrication-informed geometric system called nesting. Applying the nesting fabrication method, the authors reimage the construction of complex forms by proposing geometric arrangements that lessen material waste and reduce production time, transportation cost, and storage space requirements. Through this method, appearance and performance characteristics are contingent on fabrication constraints and material behavior. In this study, the focus is on developing design rules for this method and investigating the main parameters involved in dividing the global geometry of a complex volume into stackable components when the first component in the stack gives shape to the second. The authors introduce three different strategies for nesting fabrication: 2D, 2.5D, and 3D nesting. Which of these strategies can be used depends on the geometrical needs of the design and available tools and materials. Next, by revisiting different fabrication approaches, the authors introduce readers to the possibility of large-scale objects with considerable overhangs without the need for nearly any temporary support structures. After establishing a workflow starting with the identification of geometric rules of nesting and ending with fabrication limits, this work showcases the proposed workflow through a series of case studies, demonstrating the feasibility of the suggested method and its capacity to integrate production constraints into the design process. Traversing from pragmatic to geometrical concerns, the approach discussed here offers an integrated approach supporting functional, structural, and environmental matters important when turning material, technical, assembly, and transportation systems into geometric parameters.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	acadia21_400
id	acadia21_400
authors	Bruce, Mackenzie; Clune, Gabrielle; Xie, Ruxin; Mozaffari, Salma; Adel, Arash
year	2021
title	Cocoon: 3D Printed Clay Formwork for Concrete Casting
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 400-409.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.400
summary	Concrete, a material widely used in the construction industry today for its low cost and considerable strength as a composite building material, allows designers to work with nearly any form imaginable; if the technology to build the formwork is possible. By combining two historic and widely used materials, clay and concrete, our proposed novel process, Cocoon, integrates robotic clay three-dimensional (3D) printing as the primary formwork and incrementally casting concrete into this formwork to fabricate nonstandard concrete elements. The incremental casting and printing process anchors the concrete and clay together, creating a symbiotic and harmonious relationship. The concrete’s fluidity takes shape from the 3D printed clay formwork, allowing the clay to gain structure from the concrete as it cures. As the clay loses moisture, the formwork begins to shrink, crack, and reveal the concrete below. This self-demolding process produces easily removable formwork that can then be recycled by adding water to rehydrate the clay creating a nearly zero-waste formwork. This technique outlines multiple novel design features for complex concrete structures, including extended height limit, integrated void space design, tolerable overhang, and practical solutions for clay deformation caused by the physical stress during the casting process. The novelty of the process created by 3D printing clay formwork using an industrial robotic arm allows for rapid and scalable production of nearly zero-waste customizable formwork. More significant research implications can impact the construction industry, integrating more sustainable ways to build, enabled by digital fabrication technologies.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	sigradi2021_29
id	sigradi2021_29
authors	Delgado, Maria and Collins, Jeffrey
year	2021
title	Otavalo Textile Grammar: Patterns and Dialogues
source	Gomez, P and Braida, F (eds.), Designing Possibilities - Proceedings of the XXV International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2021), Online, 8 - 12 November 2021, pp. 669–683
summary	This paper focuses on the woven textiles of Otavalo, Ecuador, as a case study for improved cultural representation in architectural design. A shape grammar methodology is used to identify specific geometry and elucidate relationship rules found in existing artifacts. These geometry and relationships are subsequently used to produce patterns; both replicas of traditional tapestries as well as new configurations. Extending from 2D to 3D and from digital to physical, sets of modular prototypes are developed based on patterns produced using the defined Otavalo Textile Grammar. Model parts are supplied to study participants; new building blocks for architecture as a spatial and social undertaking.
keywords	maker culture, design computation, shape grammars, digital craft
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/05/23 12:11

_id	acadia21_302
id	acadia21_302
authors	Diniz, Nancy; Melendez, Frank
year	2021
title	Inoculated Matter
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 302-305.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.302
summary	INOCULATED MATTER looks towards new possibilities for designing and making architectural elements with living organisms, upcycled waste, and 3D printing technologies. This research project, which is currently ongoing and has been developed over the past two years, includes a series of multi-scalar mycelium bio-composites, as a means of redefining material, water, and energy in the face of changing scales of manufacturing and resource cycles.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	acadia21_438
id	acadia21_438
authors	Goidea, Ana; Popescu, Mariana; Andréen, David
year	2021
title	Meristem Wall: An Exploration of 3d-printed Architecture
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 438-443.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.438
summary	Meristem Wall is a prototype for a 3D-printed building envelope, featuring a dynamically controllable network of integrated air channels that allow a fl uid and adaptive relationship between inside and outside. The wall integrates functional lighting and electricity, windows, and a custom CNC-knitted textile interior. It is fabricated through binder-jet sand 3D printing and points towards a climatically performative architecture inclusive of nonhuman life in urban contexts.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	caadria2021_382
id	caadria2021_382
authors	Heidari, Farahbod, Saleh Tabari, Mohammad Hassan, Mahdavinejad, Mohammadjavad, Werner, Liss C. and Roohabadi, Maryam
year	2021
title	Bio-Energy Management from Micro-Algae Bio-Computational Based Reactor
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 401-410
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.401
summary	Microalgae are a sustainable source of unique properties with potential for various applications. Biofuel production has led to the use of them as bioreactors on an architectural scale. Most of these efforts cannot manage the output due to the lack of intelligent control and monitoring over environmental micro-scale growth. This research presents the possibility of control and monitoring over the bio-energy retrieved through micro-organisms in bio-reactors, specifically the growth environments computation. To achieve monitoring, three dimensions of the medium culture captured by cameras, and with the advantage of image processing, the picture frames pixel values measured. In this process, we use the Python OpenCV Library as an image processing reference. Finally, a specifically developed algorithm analyses the calculated 3d-matrix. By changing the environmental parameters, control happens by directly recognizing changes in density and outputs. This researchs computational process has proposed a novel approach for controlling particle-based environments to reach the desired functions of microorganisms, This approach can use in a wide range of cases as a method.
keywords	Bio-Computation; Monitoring; Image Processing; Pattern Recognition; Multi-Functional Bio-Materials
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

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