Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ecaade2021_145
id	ecaade2021_145
authors	Wu, Shaoji
year	2021
title	The Cognition of Residential Convenience Areas Based on Street View Image's Entropy and Complexity - Beijing as an example
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 545-554
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.1.545
summary	This paper quantifies the convenience of living in Beijing by calculating street view image's two inherent properties, entropy and complexity. The image's entropy H can measure the degree of disorder in its pixel arrangement, and the complexity C can measure the "structure" of its pixel arrangement. The study methodology can be divided into four steps as follows. (1) 20,194 Baidu Street View (BSV) images of random geographic coordinates within the study area are crawled as the dataset. (2) Calculate the entropy and complexity of each image separately and plot the entropy-complexity plane. (3) Clustering of data points on the entropy-complexity plane using the K-means algorithm. (4) Analysis of the geographical distribution of the different cluster's data points. The following two conclusions can be drawn from this research. Firstly, low entropy and high complexity street view images can characterize built-up urban areas where the sky occupies a large area, and its buildings are usually more uniform. Conversely, high-entropy and low-complexity images can characterize areas with the more complex built-up environment. Secondly, street view images representing high residential convenience areas in Beijing are characterized by high entropy and low complexity.
keywords	Street View Image; Entropy; Complexity; Residential Convenience
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	acadia21_160
id	acadia21_160
authors	Cao, Shicong; Zheng, Hao
year	2021
title	A POI-Based Machine Learning Method in Predicting Health
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 160-169.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.160
summary	This research aims to explore the quantitative relationship between urban planning decisions and the health status of residents. By modeling the Point of Interest (POI) data and the geographic distribution of health-related outcomes, the research explores the critical factors in urban planning that could influence the health status of residents. It also informs decision-making regarding a healthier built environment and opens up possibilities for other data-driven methods. The data source constitutes two data sets, the POI data from OpenStreetMap, and the PLACES: Local Data for Better Health dataset from CDC. After the data is collected and joined spatially, a machine learning method is used to select the most critical urban features in predicting the health outcomes of residents. Several machine learning models are trained and compared. With the chosen model, the prediction is evaluated on the test dataset and mapped geographically. The relations between factors are explored and interpreted. Finally, to understand the implications for urban design, the impact of modified POI data on the prediction of residents' health status is calculated and compared. This research proves the possibility of predicting resident's health from urban conditions with machine learning methods. The result verifies existing healthy urban design theories from a different perspective. This approach shows vast potential that data could in future assist decision-making to achieve a healthier built environment.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	cdrf2021_139
id	cdrf2021_139
authors	Shicong Cao1 and Hao Zheng
year	2021
title	A POI-Based Machine Learning Method for Predicting Residents’ Health Status
source	Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES The 3rd International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2021)
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_13
summary	Health environment is a key factor in public health. Since people’s health depends largely on their lifestyle, the built environment which supports a healthy living style is becoming more important. With the right urban planning decisions, it’s possible to encourage healthier living and save healthcare expenditures for the society. However, there is not yet a quantitative relationship established between urban planning decisions and the health status of the residents. With the abundance of data and computing resources, this research aims to explore this relationship with a machine learning method. The data source is from both the OpenStreetMap and American Center for Decease Control and Prevention (CDC). By modeling the Point of Interest data and the geographic distribution of health-related outcome, the research explores the key factors in urban planning that could influence the health status of the residents quantitatively. It informs how to create a built environment that supports health and opens up possibilities for other data-driven methods in this field.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:53

_id	ecaade2021_150
id	ecaade2021_150
authors	Song, Yanan and Yuan, Philip F.
year	2021
title	A Research On Building Cluster Morphology Formation Based On Wind Environmental Performance And Deep Reinforcement Learning
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 335-344
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.1.335
summary	Nowadays, numerous researchers emphasize the significance of the environmen-tal performance-driven generative methodology. However, due to the complex coupling mechanism of environmental regulation factors, the existing optimiza-tion engines and applications are time-consuming and cumbersome. In this re-search, we propose a novel design methodology based on Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). This paper is divided into 3 sections, including theoretical framework, design strategy, and practical application. It first introduces an over-view of basic principles, illustrating the potential advantages of DRL in perfor-mance data-driven design. Based on this, the paper proposes a DRL-based gener-ative method. We point out a more specific discussion about the application and workflow of core DRL elements in architectural design. Finally, taking a grid-form urban space composed by multitude high-rise building blocks as an exam-ple, we present a application through a DRL agent to conduct numerous active wind environmental performance-based design tests. It is an interactive and gen-erative design method, owning multiple advantages of timeliness, convenience, and intelligence.
keywords	Deep Reinforcement Learning; Environmental Performance Design; Generative Design; Building Cluster Formation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaade2021_127
id	ecaade2021_127
authors	Wang, Yuyang, Agkathidis, Asterios and Crompton, Andrew
year	2021
title	Computational Generation of Hutong Neighbourhood Maps - A shape grammar for procedural modelling to represent the historical Beijing urban structure
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 303-312
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.303
summary	The Hutong neighbourhoods, composed of Chinese courtyard dwellings (Siheyuan), are historically and socially significant urban spaces that embody traditional Chinese philosophy. There is a global interest in these spaces many of which face oblivion, this study presents a formal grammar for parametrically generating Hutong neighbourhoods, which replicates the morphological characteristics of historic cases. This research investigates traditional principles of urban planning of ancient Beijing, based on examples on the historical map Qianlong Jingcheng Quantu, to derive the lost design rules. These rules are then used to build up a procedural modelling process, which reveals the development of Beijing urban structure from Yuan (1271-1368) to Qing (1368-1911) dynasty. The grammar presented in the procedural modelling process contributes to the understanding of the generation of Hutong neighbourhoods. In support of traditional Chinese urban design, the grammar will be translated into an algorithm to be implemented in a computational environment by visual scripting that will generate new instances of Hutong neighbourhoods.
keywords	urban morphology; Siheyuan neighbourhood; procedural modelling; shape grammar
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	caadria2021_173
id	caadria2021_173
authors	Xu, Wenzhao, Huang, Xiaoran and Kimm, Geoff
year	2021
title	Tear Down the Fences: Developing ABM Informed Design Strategies for Ungating Closed Residential Communities - Developing ABM informed design strategies for ungating closed residential communities
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 467-477
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.2.467
summary	Embedded in Chinas urbanization process, the growth of gated residential estates has gradually induced severance of urban spaces, resulting in an underutilization of public amenities, a lack of walkable permeability, and congestion of traffic. Responding to these negative effects on urban development, the CPC has released a guideline in February 2016 to prohibit the development of any new closed residential areas in principle and to advocate ungated communities. In this paper, we utilized ABM simulation analysis to test different degrees of openness, the position of new entrances/openness, and pedestrian network typologies, aiming to explore feasible strategies to accommodate the new urban design agenda. A series of typical gated compounds in Beijing were selected for comparative case studies, conducted under different degrees of openness of each case and under diverse ungating modes between cases. On the basis of these analyses, we summarized a sequence of pedestrian-centric design strategies, seeking to increase the communities permeability and walkability by suggesting alternative internal and external road network design options for Beijing urban renewal. By integrating quantified simulation into the empirical method of urban design, our research can positively assist and inform urban practitioners to propose a more sustainable urbanity in the future.
keywords	Gated community; agent-based modeling; pedestrian simulation; computer-aided urban design; road network optimization
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	caadria2021_167
id	caadria2021_167
authors	Ezra, Erez and Barath, Shany
year	2021
title	Expanding the Role of Electro-Thermal Actuators Based On Carbon Nanotubes Within the Fabrication of Pre-Programmed Material Composites.
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 613-622
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.613
summary	Taking a cue from research at the crossroads between chemistry, material science, and nanotechnology this paper examines the role of material-driven fabrication methods that enable the integration of pre-programmed geometrical expression onto customized thin-film composites from within a design mindset. Recent developments in electrothermal actuators (ETAs) have demonstrated low cost and ease of fabrication with relatively high precision deformation capabilities. We, therefore, explore ETAs based on Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) capable of reversible actuation in a controlled fashion by external stimuli. Our interest focuses on the ability to pre-program deflection through intervention with the CNT application and composite layer configuration as well as exploring affordable and relatively accessible fabrication methodologies. These adaptive mechanisms displaying; controllable movements, unique actuations, and high thermal insulation suggest affordable and responsive opportunities for developing design applications capable of expanding the role of material agency in the physical context.
keywords	material computation; Pre-programmed geometry; Electro-thermal actuation; Carbon Nanotubes; Composite fabrication
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	caadria2021_311
id	caadria2021_311
authors	Gu, Xiangshu, Tian, Shulin, Zhang, Baihui, Tong, Ziyu and Gan, Jingwen
year	2021
title	SECTIONMATRIX - Mapping Urban Form through Urban Sections
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 599-608
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.2.599
summary	Most of the traditional studies on urban morphology are based on aerial views. However, the 2D plane model fails to describe the height information of buildings and the relation of buildings and the urban external space. An urban section is another map of an urban area. Through a series of continuous vertical urban slices, the city texture can be transformed into planar linear information containing height and width information. This paper proposes several indicators to describe a series of urban section slices and uses a three-dimensional coordinate mapping method Sectionmatrix to quantify and analyze the relation between the physical geometrical indicators and urban form from the section perspective. Through the case analysis of multiple residential blocks in Nanjing, China, the results showed that Sectionmatrix is convenient and efficient. Sectionmatrix relates the geometrical properties to the spatial characteristics of urban areas and provides a new way to classify, map and define building typologies. This new classification method reveals the tortuosity and complexity of residential blocks. By bridging the gap between quantity and form, the research also suggests other possible applications of Sectionmatrix as a control instrument and test framework for entire cities planning and design.
keywords	Urban Morphology; Urban Section; Sectionmatrix; Quantitative Analysis
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	caadria2021_242
id	caadria2021_242
authors	Joe, Joshua and Pelosi, Antony
year	2021
title	PARAMTR v2 - Human-Generative Design tools for prefabricating large-scale residential developments.
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 41-50
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.041
summary	Designers are encountering more issues with complexity, scale and performance requirements increase in residential projects. Prefabrication and generative design tools have the potential to significantly reduce construction time, cost, and material waste at scale. Building upon existing research, this paper further investigates how human-generative design tools can improve building performance and feasibility of prefabrication at scale whilst encouraging design variance. In this context, human-generative design tools refer to a partially algorithmic design tool that facilitates an open-box, collaborative approach to design. Following initial research-based design, a new human-generative tool was created (PARAMTR) to address the aforementioned issues using a design-based research methodology. Based on the research performed during the literature review and from initial design results, PARAMTR shows the potential to halve construction time on residential projects in combination with increased manufacturing efficiency. Design outputs share no design commonality, yet use almost 10 times less unique components across four houses when compared to existing residential projects. In combination with the overall benefits discussed and associated with prefabrication, material waste, cost, design time and complexity are expected to be reduced. The paper will discuss further progress towards designing and building smarter homes at scale.
keywords	generative design; generative prefabrication; parametric; residential; prefabrication
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ecaade2021_266
id	ecaade2021_266
authors	Pibal, Sophia, Khoss, Konstantin and Kovacic, Iva
year	2021
title	Prototype of an Algorithm-Aided BIM Tool for Semi-Automated Generation of Modular Residential Buildings
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 67-76
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.067
summary	The research on novel design tools to enhance the production of residential buildings was the objective of this study. This ongoing research within the funded research project "Housing 4.0" aims to develop a BIM-based digital platform for ecological and affordable multi-storey housing. As part of the platform we developed the prototype of an Algorithm-aided BIM tool for the semi-automated generation of modular building designs.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	sigradi2021_220
id	sigradi2021_220
authors	Pupo, Regiane, Casarin, Vanessa, Querne, Gabriel, Adriano, Larissa, Pfleger, Mariana and Perin, Venâncio
year	2021
title	The Use of Digital Fabrication as a Support to the Production of a Spatial Orientation Model at Santa Catarina Federal University
source	Gomez, P and Braida, F (eds.), Designing Possibilities - Proceedings of the XXV International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2021), Online, 8 - 12 November 2021, pp. 1199–1210
summary	The aim of this research project is to build and evaluate a model supported by digital technologies to help spatial orientation in the Federal University of Santa Catarina campus. The process explored a people-centered solution, based on Design Thinking, to answer the outlined research question regarding if a scale model supported by digital tools could help users in their wayfinding process in the campus. The methodology is defined as a non-linear process that analyzes user’s needs. Through its three main phases: immersion (problems identification), ideation (solution findings) and prototyping (desired solution materialization) the research explores digital fabrication tools as a design support. At the same time, results showed that a model supported by digital technologies and other tools such as QR Code solutions to point directions would help campus users to easily find their destination during wayfinding process.
keywords	Orientaçao especial, wayfinding, Fabricaçao digital, impressao 3D
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/05/23 12:11

_id	acadia21_246
id	acadia21_246
authors	Safley, Nick
year	2021
title	Reconnecting...
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 246-255.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.246
summary	This design research reimagines the architectural detail in a postdigital framework and proposes digital methods to work upon discrete tectonics. Drawing upon Marco Frascari's writing The Tell-the-Tale Detail, the study aims to reimagine tectonic thinking for focused attention after the digital turn. Today, computational tools are powerful enough to perform operations more similar to physical tools than in the earlier digital era. These tools create a "digital materiality," where architects can manipulate digital information in parallel and overlapping ways to physical corollaries. (Abrons and Fure, 2018) To date, work in this area has focused on materiality specifically. This project reinterprets tectonics using texture map editing and point cloud information, particularly reconceptualizing jointing using images. Smartphone-based 3D digital scanning was used to captured details from a series of Carlo Scarpa's influential works, isolating these details from their physical sites and focusing attention upon individual tectonic moments. As digital scans, these details problematize the rhetoric of smoothness and seamlessness prevalent in digital architecture as they are discretely construed loci yet composed of digital meshes. (Jones 2014) Once removed from their contexts, reconnecting the digital scans into compositions of "compound details" necessitated a series of new mechanisms for constructing and construing not native to the material world. Using Photoshop editing of texture-mapped images, digital texturing of meshes, and interpretation of the initial material constructions, new joints within and between these the digital scanned details were created to reframe the original detail for the post-digital.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	ecaade2023_259
id	ecaade2023_259
authors	Sonne-Frederiksen, Povl Filip, Larsen, Niels Martin and Buthke, Jan
year	2023
title	Point Cloud Segmentation for Building Reuse - Construction of digital twins in early phase building reuse projects
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 2, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 327–336
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.327
summary	Point cloud processing has come a long way in the past years. Advances in computer vision (CV) and machine learning (ML) have enabled its automated recognition and processing. However, few of those developments have made it through to the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry. Here, optimizing those workflows can reduce time spent on early-phase projects, which otherwise could be spent on developing innovative design solutions. Simplifying the processing of building point cloud scans makes it more accessible and therefore, usable for design, planning and decision-making. Furthermore, automated processing can also ensure that point clouds are processed consistently and accurately, reducing the potential for human error. This work is part of a larger effort to optimize early-phase design processes to promote the reuse of vacant buildings. It focuses on technical solutions to automate the reconstruction of point clouds into a digital twin as a simplified solid 3D element model. In this paper, various ML approaches, among others KPConv Thomas et al. (2019), ShapeConv Cao et al. (2021) and Mask-RCNN He et al. (2017), are compared in their ability to apply semantic as well as instance segmentation to point clouds. Further it relies on the S3DIS Armeni et al. (2017), NYU v2 Silberman et al. (2012) and Matterport Ramakrishnan et al. (2021) data sets for training. Here, the authors aim to establish a workflow that reduces the effort for users to process their point clouds and obtain object-based models. The findings of this research show that although pure point cloud-based ML models enable a greater degree of flexibility, they incur a high computational cost. We found, that using RGB-D images for classifications and segmentation simplifies the complexity of the ML model but leads to additional requirements for the data set. These can be mitigated in the initial process of capturing the building or by extracting the depth data from the point cloud.
keywords	Point Clouds, Machine Learning, Segmentation, Reuse, Digital Twins
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	caadria2021_250
id	caadria2021_250
authors	Aghaei Meibodi, Mania, Odaglia, Pietro and Dillenburger, Benjamin
year	2021
title	Min-Max: Reusable 3D printed formwork for thin-shell concrete structures - Reusable 3D printed formwork for thin-shell concrete structures
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 743-752
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.743
summary	This paper presents an approach for reusable formwork for thin-shell, double-sided highly detailed surfaces based on binder jet 3D printing technology. Using binder jetting for reusable formwork outperforms the milled and 3D printed thermoplastic formwork in terms of speed and cost of fabrication, precision, and structural strength against deformation. The research further investigated the synergy of binder jetting sandstone formwork with glass-fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC) to fabricate lightweight, durable, and highly detailed facade elements.We could demonstrate the feasibility of this approach by fabricating a minimal surface structure assembled from 32 glass-fiber reinforced concrete elements, cast with 4 individual formwork elements, each of them reused 8 times. By showing that 3D printed (3DP) formwork cannot only be used once but also for small series production we increase the field of economic application of 3D printed formwork. The presented fabrication method of formwork based on additive manufacturing opens the door to more individualized, freeform architecture.
keywords	Binder Jet 3D Printing; 3D Printed Formwork; Reusable Formwork; Minimal Surface; GFRC (GRC)
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2021_130
id	ecaade2021_130
authors	Alassaf, Nancy and Clayton, Mark
year	2021
title	The Use of Diagrammatic Reasoning to Aid Conceptual Design in Building Information Modeling (BIM)
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 39-48
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.039
summary	Architectural design is an intellectual activity where the architect moves from the abstract to the real. In this process, the abstract represents the logical reasoning of how architectural form is configured or structured, while the real refers to the final physical form. Diagrams become an integral part of the conceptual design stage because they mediate between those two realms. Building Information Modeling (BIM) can reallocate the effort and time to emphasize conceptual design. However, many consider BIM a professionally-oriented tool that is less suitable for the early design stages. This research suggests that architectural design reasoning can be achieved using constraint-based parametric diagrams to aid conceptual design in BIM. The study examines several techniques and constructs a framework to use diagrams in the early design stages. This framework has been investigated through Villa Stein and Citrohan House by Le Corbusier. This study addresses two roles of diagrams: the generative role to create various design solutions and the analytical one to conduct an early performance study of the building. Our research contributes to the discussion on the ways designers can use digital diagrams to support the architectural design process.
keywords	Building Information Modeling (BIM); Performance analysis ; Architectural Form; Diagram; Parametric modeling
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ascaad2021_021
id	ascaad2021_021
authors	Albassel, Mohamed; Mustafa Waly
year	2021
title	Applying Machine Learning to Enhance the Implementation of Egyptian Fire and Life Safety Code in Mega Projects
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 7-22
summary	Machine Learning has become a significant research area in architecture; it can be used to retrieve valuable information for available data used to predict future instances. the purpose of this research was to develop an automated workflow to enhance the implementation of The Egyptian fire & life safety (FLS) code in mega projects and reduce the time wasted on the traditional process of rooms’ uses, occupant load, and egress capacity calculations to increase productivity by applying Supervised Machine Learning based on classification techniques through data mining and building datasets from previous projects, and explore the methods of preparation and analyzing data (text cleanup- tokenization- filtering- stemming-labeling). Then, provide an algorithm for classification rules using C# and python in integration with BIM tools such as Revit-Dynamo to calculate cumulative occupant load based on factors which are mentioned in the Egyptian FLS code, determine classification and uses of rooms to validate all data related to FLS. Moreover, calculating the egress capacity of means of egress for not only exit doors but also exit stairs. In addition, the research is to identify a clear understanding about ML and BIM through project case studies and how to build a model with the needed accuracy.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:11

_id	ascaad2021_151
id	ascaad2021_151
authors	Allam, Samar; Soha El Gohary, Maha El Gohary
year	2021
title	Surface Shape Grammar Morphology to Optimize Daylighting in Mixed-Use Building Skin
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 479-492
summary	Building Performance simulation is escalating towards design optimization worldwide utilizing computational and advanced tools. Egypt has its plan and agenda to adopt new technologies to mitigate energy consumption through various sectors. Energy consumption includes electricity, crude oil, it encompasses renewable and non-renewable energy consumption. Egypt Electricity (EE) consumption by sector percentages is residential (47%), industrial (25%) and commercial (12%), with the remainder used by government, agriculture, public lighting and public utilities (4%). Electricity building consumption has many divisions includes HVAC systems, lighting, Computers and Electronics and others. Lighting share of electricity consumption can vary from 11 to 15 percent in mixed buildings as in our case study which definitely less that the amount used for HVAC loads. This research aims at utilizing shape morphogenesis on facades using geometric shape grammar to enhance daylighting while blocking longwave radiations causing heat stress. Mixed-use building operates in daytime more than night which emphasizes the objective of this study. Results evaluation is referenced to LEED v4.1 and ASHRAE 90.1-2016 window-to-wall ratio calibration and massive wall description. Geometric morphogenesis relies on three main parameters; Pattern (Geometry Shape Grammar: R1, R2, and R3), a reference surface to map from, and a target surface to map to which is the south-western façade of the case study. Enhancing Geo-morph rule is to guarantee flexibility due to the rotation of sun path annually with different azimuth and altitude angles and follow LEED V4.1 enhancements of opaque wall percent for building envelope.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:13

_id	caadria2021_273
id	caadria2021_273
authors	Allam, Sammar and AlaÃ§am, Sema
year	2021
title	A Comparative Analysis of the Tool-Based versus Material-Based Fabrication Pedagogy in the Context of Digital Craft
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 11-20
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.2.011
summary	This study presents the comparative analysis of two undergraduate courses which focus on introducing digital fabrication to design students. The duration of the compared courses are 5 weeks and 7 weeks respectively. The study employs action research methodology, while the theoretical lectures, weekly exercises, materials, fabrication tools and techniques, and students' outcomes were used as data sources. Particularly the material-based pedagogy and tool-based pedagogy of the compared courses are evaluated in relation with the tools, materials and techniques. The outcomes of the study is expected to provide insights for instructors and design students in the context of digital craft.
keywords	Digital Craft; Fabrication Techniques; Design Pedagogy; Tool-Based Fabrication; Material-Based Fabrication
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2021_203
id	ecaade2021_203
authors	Arora, Hardik, Bielski, Jessica, Eisenstadt, Viktor, Langenhan, Christoph, Ziegler, Christoph, Althoff, Klaus-Dieter and Dengel, Andreas
year	2021
title	Consistency Checker - An automatic constraint-based evaluator for housing spatial configurations
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 351-358
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.351
summary	The gradual rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and its increasing visibility among many research disciplines affected Computer-Aided Architectural Design (CAAD). Architectural deep learning (DL) approaches are being developed and published on a regular basis, such as retrieval (Sharma et al. 2017) or design style manipulation (Newton 2019; Silvestre et al. 2016). However, there seems to be no method to evaluate highly constrained spatial configurations for specific architectural domains (such as housing or office buildings) based on basic architectural principles and everyday practices. This paper introduces an automatic constraint-based consistency checker to evaluate the coherency of semantic spatial configurations of housing construction using a small set of design principles to evaluate our DL approaches. The consistency checker informs about the overall performance of a spatial configuration followed by whether it is open/closed and the constraints it didn't satisfy. This paper deals with the relation of spaces processed as mathematically formalized graphs contrary to existing model checking software like Solibri.
keywords	model checking, building information modeling, deep learning, data quality
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2021_233
id	caadria2021_233
authors	Ascoli, RaphaÃ«l
year	2021
title	Augmenting computational design agency in emerging economies
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 639-648
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.2.639
summary	This /practice-based design research/ investigates the possibility of computational design to increase agency and impact in emerging economies through real-world projects. By cultivating a new kind of relationship to issues in development and local untapped resources, they inspire for more public engagement and resource-based conversations within a spatial framework. The topics that were addressed in this research are the democratization of data and affordability of construction. These two on-going early-stage initiatives have used computational design tools at specific areas in the projects development, therefore optimizing the parts where low-tech tools werent sufficient. This demand driven design process explores ways in which different levels of technology can augment each other.
keywords	space; resource; housing; myanmar; optimization
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

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