Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Reformat results as: short short into frame detailed detailed into frame

_id	caadria2021_329
id	caadria2021_329
authors	Breseghello, Luca, Sanin, Sandro and Naboni, Roberto
year	2021
title	Toolpath Simulation,Design and Manipulation in Robotic 3D Concrete Printing
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 623-632
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.623
summary	Digital fabrication is blurring the boundaries between design, manufacturing and material effects. More and more experimental design processes involve an intertwined investigation of these aspects, especially when it comes to additive techniques such as 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP). Conventional digital tools present limitations in the description of an object, which neglects material, textural, and machinic information. In this paper, we exploit the control of extrusion-based 3D printing via programmed layered toolpath as a design method for enhancing the control of the manufactured architectural elements. The paper presents an experimental framework for design, analysis and fabrication with 3DCP, developing a system for materializing interdependencies between geometry, material, performance. This is applied to a series of architectural artefacts which demonstrate the advantages and possibilities opened by the introduced workflow, expanding the design process towards higher control on the objects buildability, structural integrity and aesthetic. manufacturing and material effects. More and more experimental design processes involve an intertwined investigation of these aspects, especially when it comes to additive techniques such as 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP). Conventional digital tools present limitations in the description of an object, which neglects material, textural, and machinic information. In this paper, we exploit the control of extrusion-based 3D printing via programmed layered toolpath as a design method for enhancing the control of the manufactured architectural elements. The paper presents an experimental framework for design, analysis and fabrication with 3DCP, developing a system for materializing interdependencies between geometry, material, performance. This is applied to a series of architectural artefacts which demonstrate the advantages and possibilities opened by the introduced workflow, expanding the design process towards higher control on the objects buildability, structural integrity and aesthetic."
keywords	3D Concrete Printing; Robotic Fabrication; Additive Manufacturing; Toolpath Simulation; Toolpath Manipulation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2021_040
id	ecaade2021_040
authors	Zhan, Qiang, Wu, Hao, Zhang, Liming, Yuan, Philip F. and Gao, Tianyi
year	2021
title	3D Concrete Printing with Variable Width Filament
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 153-160
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.153
summary	Traditional mold-based concrete construction methods are inefficient, poor quality, and labor-intensive. Concrete 3D printing technology is expected to replace traditional methods as an emerging intelligent construction method due to its flexible, automatic, fast, and mold-free features. Concrete 3D printing is a method by extruding and selectively laminating construction materials onto a specific path, relying on fine-grained control of the printing material and the printing device. However, the maximum printing resolution is limited by the width of the toolpath. Filament width and printing resolution are two main factors that need to balance. In this paper, a variable width printing method is proposed using the active nozzle speed control method. The width of the print path can be adjusted according to the model details. A width control algorithm is proposed. The general workflow of variable width printing, including model preparation, toolpath planning, robotic fabrication, is also introduced, and a concrete bench is printed for experimental validation. The result shows great application potential for surface decoration and structural reinforcement. The efficiency, feasibility, and problems encountered in printing are analyzed and summarized.
keywords	3D concrete printing; variable filament width; robotic fabrication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ascaad2021_007
id	ascaad2021_007
authors	Alabbasi, Mohammad; Han-Mei Chen, Asterios Agkathidis
year	2021
title	Developing a Design Framework for the 3D Printing Production of Concrete Building Components: A Case Study on Column Optimization for Efficient Housing Solutions in Saudi Arabia
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 713-726
summary	This paper is examining the development of a design and fabrication framework aiming to increase the efficiency of the construction of concrete building components by introducing 3D concrete printing in the context of Saudi Arabia. In particular, we will present an algorithmic process focusing on the design and fabrication of a typical, mass customised, single-family house, which incorporates parametric modelling, topology optimisation, finite element (FE) analysis and robotic 3D printing techniques. We will test and verify our framework by designing and fabricating a loadbearing concrete column with structural and material properties defined by the Saudi Building Code of Construction. Our findings are highlighting the advantages and challenges of the proposed file-to-factory framework in comparison to the conventional construction methods currently applied in Saudi Arabia, or other similar sociopolitical contexts. By comparing the material usage in both conventional and optimised columns, the results have shown that material consumption has been reduced by 25%, the required labour in the construction site has been mitigated by 28 and the duration time has been reduced by 80% without the need for formwork.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:11

_id	caadria2021_005
id	caadria2021_005
authors	Bedarf, Patrick, Martinez Schulte, Dinorah, Åženol, AyÃ§a, Jeoffroy, Etienne and Dillenburger, Benjamin
year	2021
title	Robotic 3D Printing of Mineral Foam for a Lightweight Composite Facade Shading Panel
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 603-612
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.603
summary	This paper presents the design and fabrication of a lightweight composite facade shading panel using 3D printing (3DP) of mineral foams. Albeit their important role in industrial construction practice as insulators and lightweight materials, only little research has been conducted to use foams in 3DP. However, the recent development of highly porous mineral foams that are very suitable for extrusion printing opens a new chapter for development of geometrically complex lightweight building components with efficient formwork-free additive manufacturing processes. The work documented in this paper was based on preliminary material and fabrication development of a larger research endeavor and systematically explored designs for small interlocking foam modules. Furthermore, the robotic 3D Printing setup and subsequent processing parameters were tested in detail. Through extensive prototyping, the design space of a final demonstrator shading panel was mapped and refined. The design and fabrication process is documented and shows the potential of the novel material system in combination with fiber-reinforced ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). The resulting composite shading panel highlights the benefits of using mineral foam 3DP to fabricate freeform stay-in-place formwork for lightweight facade applications. Furthermore, this paper discusses the challenges and limitations encountered during the project and gives a conclusive outlook for future research.
keywords	robotic 3d-printing; mineral foam; lightweight construction; concrete formwork; facade shading panel
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia21_400
id	acadia21_400
authors	Bruce, Mackenzie; Clune, Gabrielle; Xie, Ruxin; Mozaffari, Salma; Adel, Arash
year	2021
title	Cocoon: 3D Printed Clay Formwork for Concrete Casting
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 400-409.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.400
summary	Concrete, a material widely used in the construction industry today for its low cost and considerable strength as a composite building material, allows designers to work with nearly any form imaginable; if the technology to build the formwork is possible. By combining two historic and widely used materials, clay and concrete, our proposed novel process, Cocoon, integrates robotic clay three-dimensional (3D) printing as the primary formwork and incrementally casting concrete into this formwork to fabricate nonstandard concrete elements. The incremental casting and printing process anchors the concrete and clay together, creating a symbiotic and harmonious relationship. The concrete’s fluidity takes shape from the 3D printed clay formwork, allowing the clay to gain structure from the concrete as it cures. As the clay loses moisture, the formwork begins to shrink, crack, and reveal the concrete below. This self-demolding process produces easily removable formwork that can then be recycled by adding water to rehydrate the clay creating a nearly zero-waste formwork. This technique outlines multiple novel design features for complex concrete structures, including extended height limit, integrated void space design, tolerable overhang, and practical solutions for clay deformation caused by the physical stress during the casting process. The novelty of the process created by 3D printing clay formwork using an industrial robotic arm allows for rapid and scalable production of nearly zero-waste customizable formwork. More significant research implications can impact the construction industry, integrating more sustainable ways to build, enabled by digital fabrication technologies.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	ecaade2021_333
id	ecaade2021_333
authors	Burger, Joris, Wangler, Timothy, Chiu, Yu-Hung, Techathuvanun, Chanon, Gramazio, Fabio, Kohler, Matthias and Lloret-Fritschi, Ena
year	2021
title	Material-informed Formwork Geometry - The effects of cross-sectional variation and patterns on the strength of 3D printed eggshell formworks
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 199-208
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.199
summary	Fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing of formworks for concrete has the potential to increase geometric freedom in concrete construction. However, one major limitation of FDM printed formworks is that they are fragile and often cannot support the hydrostatic pressure exerted by the concrete. The research project 'Eggshell' combines robotic 3D printing of formwork with the casting of a fast-hardening concrete to reduce hydrostatic pressure to a minimum. Eggshell can be used to fabricate architectural-scale building components; however, knowledge of the influence formwork geometry has on the hydrostatic pressure resistance is still sparse, resulting in unexpected breakages of the formwork. This paper presents an empirical study into the breakage behaviour of FDM printed formworks when subjected to hydrostatic pressure. Firstly, the study aims to give a first insight into the breakage behaviour of formworks with a constant cross-section by casting a self-compacting concrete into the formwork until breakage. Then, we investigate if three-dimensional patterning of the formwork can have a beneficial effect on the breakage behaviour. Finally, the preliminary results are validated through the fabrication of two full-scale columns. The empirical results point towards the fact that sharp corners in formworks are weaker compared to rounded corners. Although the presented results are still preliminary, they mark an important step in the development of reliable design and fabrication strategies using 3D printed formworks.
keywords	3D Printing; Formwork; Fused Deposition Modelling; Digital Concrete; Hydrostatic pressure; Eggshell
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia21_410
id	acadia21_410
authors	Meibodi, Mania Aghaei; Craney, Ryan; McGee, Wes
year	2021
title	Robotic Pellet Extrusion: 3D Printing and Integral Computational Design
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 410-419.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.410
summary	3D printing offers significant geometric freedom and allows the fabrication of integral parts. This research showcases how robotic fused deposition modeling (FDM) enables the prefabrication of large-scale, lightweight, and ready-to-cast freeform formwork to minimize material waste, labor, and errors in the construction process while increasing the speed of production and economic viability of casting non-standard concrete elements. This is achieved through the development of a digital design-to-production workflow for concrete formwork. All functions that are needed in the final product, an integrally insulated steel-reinforced concrete wall, and the process for a successful cast, are fully integrated into the formwork system. A parametric model for integrated structural ribbing is developed and verified using finite element analysis. A case study is presented which showcases the fully integrated system in the production of a 2.4 m tall x 2.0 m curved concrete wall. This research demonstrates the potential for large-scale additive manufacturing to enable the efficient production of non-standard concrete formwork.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	caadria2021_133
id	caadria2021_133
authors	Zhan, Qiang, Zhou, Xinjie and Yuan, Philip F.
year	2021
title	Digital Design and Fabrication of a 3D Concrete Printed Prestressed Bridge
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 663-672
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.663
summary	In recent years, additive manufacturing and 3D printing technologies have been increasingly used in the field of construction engineering. 3D Concrete printing is a kind of laminated printing method using concrete extrusion technique. Concrete has the advantages of high compressive strength, low deformation, and excellent durability, and has high application value in the construction field. However, as a brittle material, concrete has limited tensile and flexural strength. For beam like components, it is difficult to fully exert the compressive performance of the material relying solely on itself, so it is difficult to apply to the bending member. The experimental case introduced in this paper combined the prestressing system with concrete printing technology. A post-tensioning prestressing system suitable for prefabricated concrete 3D printing components, which combined the excellent tensile properties of steel bars with the compressive performance of the 3D concrete printed part was proposed.
keywords	3D concrete printing; Prestressed concrete; robotic fabrication; structural optimization
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ecaade2021_047
id	ecaade2021_047
authors	Zhang, Xiao, Yuan, Chao, Yang, Liu, Yu, Peiran, Ma, Yiwen, Qiu, Song, Guo, Zhe and Yuan, Philip F.
year	2021
title	Design and Fabrication of Formwork for Shell Structures Based on 3D-printing Technology
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 487-496
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.1.487
summary	Shell structure is a kind of structure using a small amount of materials to obtain a large-span multi-functional space. However, lots of formwork and scaffold materials are often wasted in the construction process. This paper focuses on the shell structure construction using robotic 3D printing PLA (an environmental friendly material) technology as the background. The author explores the possibility of 3D printing technology in shell construction from small scale models in different construction method, and gradually optimizes the shell template shape suitable for PLA material in full-scale construction. Finally, the research team chose the bending-active 3D printing type and completed the construction of three full-scale concrete shell molds. Under the guidance of professor Philippe Block, the research team finished the final 3D printing mold with optimized slicing and bending logic and successfully used it as the template mold to carry the tiles which proved the feasibility of this construction method.
keywords	Shell structure ; Formwork ; Geometric analysis; Form-finding; 3d printing
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	caadria2021_142
id	caadria2021_142
authors	Cruz Gambardella, Camilo and McCormack, Jon
year	2021
title	Searching for designs in-between - Exploration of design space using a 3D printing-inspired evolutionary system.
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 111-120
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.111
summary	The use of evolutionary methods in design and art is increasing in diversity and popularity. Approaches to using these methods for creative production typically focus either on optimisation or exploration. In this paper we introduce an evolutionary system for design that combines these two approaches, enabling users to explore landscapes of design alternatives using design-oriented measures of fitness, along with their own aesthetic preferences. We test our methods using a biologically-inspired generative system capable of producing 3D objects that can be exported directly as 3D printing toolpath instructions. For the search stage of our system we combine the use of the CMA-ES algorithm for optimisation and linear interpolation between generated objects for feature exploration. We investigate the systems capabilities by evolving highly fit artefacts and then combining them with aesthetically interesting ones.
keywords	Generative Design; Evolutionary Design; 3D Printing
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	sigradi2021_88
id	sigradi2021_88
authors	Evrim, Berfin
year	2021
title	Hybrid Carbon Fiber and Jute Fiber Textile Bone Stool: Integrative Fabrication Method of Weaving and 3D Printing
source	Gomez, P and Braida, F (eds.), Designing Possibilities - Proceedings of the XXV International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2021), Online, 8 - 12 November 2021, pp. 629–641
summary	The structural properties of Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) encourage designers and architects to use textiles as a load-bearing architectural material to create lightweight and strong structures. Manufacturing techniques of FRPs are mostly concentrated on the molding method. This method requires an extra mold fabrication that causes waste of material. This study focuses on integrative weaving and 3D printing fabrication methods, which emphasize the lightweight property of the material. This integrative method avoids excessive material waste during fabrication by using an additive approach. 3D printing on textiles prevents significant deformation in a specific direction of the fabric instead of using any kind of synthetic resin for stiffening the fabric. Additionally, structural behavior simulation allows designers to understand the different loading conditions and maximize the strengths of each textile design by adding more material where it is needed for possible architectural applications.
keywords	Stool Design, Bone Analysis, Textile Load Simulation, Weaving, 3D Printing
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/05/23 12:11

_id	caadria2021_143
id	caadria2021_143
authors	Song, Yang, Koeck, Richard and Luo, Shan
year	2021
title	AR Digi-Component - AR-assisted,real-time,immersive design and robotic fabrication workflow for parametric architectural structures
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 253-262
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.2.253
summary	This research project, entitled AR Digi-Component, tries to digitalize the traditional architectural components and combines Augmented Reality (AR) technologies to explore new possibilities for architectural design and assembly. AR technology and Digitalize components will help to achieve a real-time immersive design and an AR-assisted robotic fabrication process through the augmented environments. As part of the AR Digi-Component project, we created an experimental design prototype in which designers gestures are being identified in AR real-time immersive design process, and a fabrication prototype in which traditional 2D drawings are being replaced by 3D on-site holographic guidance, followed by an assembly process in which robotic operations are being controlled by humans within an AR simulation to enhance the assembly efficiency and safety. In this paper, we are sharing the preliminary research results of such AR-assisted tests, for which we used a UR10 Robotic arm in combination with Microsoft HoloLens as well as in terms of software Rhino, HAL Robotics, FURobot, PX Simulate, and Fologram plugin in Grasshopper, to demonstrate new kind of applications and workflow of AR technology for real-time, immersive design and robotic fabrication.
keywords	Augmented Reality; immersive design; holographic assembly instruction; robotic fabrication; real-time interaction
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	cdrf2021_368
id	cdrf2021_368
authors	B. Bala Murali Kumar, Yun Chung Hsueh, Zhuoyang Xin, and Dan Luo
year	2021
title	Process and Evaluation of Automated Robotic Fabrication System for In-Situ Structure Confinement
source	Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES The 3rd International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2021)
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_34
summary	The additive manufacturing process is gaining momentum in the construction industry with the rapid progression of large-scale 3D printed technologies. An established method of increasing the structural performance of concrete is by wrapping it with Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP). This paper proposes a novel additive process to fabricate a FRP formwork by dynamic layer winding of the FRP fabric with epoxy resin paired with an industrial scale robotic arm. A range of prototypes were fabricated to explore and study the fabrication parameters. Based on the systemic exploration, the limitations, the scope, and the feasibility of the proposed additive manufacturing method is studied for large scale customisable structural formworks.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:53

_id	cdrf2021_102
id	cdrf2021_102
authors	Gang Mao
year	2021
title	A Study of Bio-Computational Design in Terms of Enhancing Water Absorption by Method of Bionics Within the Architectural Fields
source	Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES The 3rd International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2021)
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_10
summary	This essay aims to explore an architecture computational design intended to accept and absorb moisture through geometrical and material conditions, and using design strategies, help deliver this moisture upwards through capillary action to areas of cryptogamic growth including mosses and smaller ferns on the surface of architecture. The purpose of this research project is to explore the morphology of general capillary systems based on research into the principle of xylematic structures in trees, thereby creating a range of capillary designs using three types of material: plaster, 3D print plastic, and concrete. In addition, computational studies are used to examine various types of computational designs of organic structures, such as columns, driven by physical and environmental conditions such as sunshine, shade, tides and other biological processes to explore three-dimensional particle-based branching systems that define both structural and water delivery paths.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:53

_id	caadria2021_148
id	caadria2021_148
authors	Hou, Yuhan and Loh, Paul
year	2021
title	Towards Swarm Construction
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 673-682
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.673
summary	Swarm intelligence has primarily been explored in architecture as a form-finding technique with resulting material articulation using advanced 3d-printing technology. Researchers in engineering have developed swarm robotics for construction and fabrication, typically constraints to small scale prototypes as the technology matures within the field. However, a few research explores the implication of swarm robotics for construction on the building or urban scale. This paper presents a novel swarm robotics construction method using mole-like digging technology to construct new architectural language using machine intelligence. The research discusses the role of swarm intelligence behaviours in design and synthesis such behaviour with machine logics. The paper addresses the conference theme through the speculative projection of future construction methodology and reflects on how automation can impact the future of construct and design.
keywords	Swarm; Digital Fabrication; Robotic
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	caadria2021_282
id	caadria2021_282
authors	Jauk, Julian, VaÅ¡atko, Hana, Gosch, Lukas, Christian, Ingolf, Klaus, Anita and Stavric, Milena
year	2021
title	Digital Fabrication of Growth - Combining digital manufacturing of clay with natural growth of mycelium
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 753-762
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.753
summary	In this paper we will demonstrate that a digital workflow and a living material such as mycelium, make the creation of smart structural designs possible. Ceramics industries are not as technically advanced in terms of digital fabrication, as the concrete or steel industries are. At the same time, bio-based materials that use growth as a manufacturing method, are often lacking in basic research. Our interdisciplinary research combines digital manufacturing - allowing a controlled material distribution, with the use of mycelial growth - enabling fibre connections on a microscopic scale. We developed a structure that uses material informed toolpaths for paste-based extrusion, which are built on the foundation of experiments that compare material properties and observations of growth. In this manner the tensile strength of 3D printed unfired clay elements was increased by using mycelium as an intelligently oriented fibre reinforcement. Assembling clay-mycelium composites in a living state allows force-transmitting connections within the structure. The composite named 'MyCera' has exhibited structural properties that open up the possibility of its implementation in the building industry. In this context it allows the design and efficient manufacturing of lightweight ceramic constructions customized to this composite, which would not have been possible using conventional ceramics fabrication methods.
keywords	Mycelium; Clay; 3D Printing; Growth; Bio-welding
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	acadia21_546
id	acadia21_546
authors	King, Cyle; Gasper, Jacob
year	2021
title	Process / Product
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 546-553.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.546
summary	Academic papers are full of final drawings and diagrams but gloss over process work, “less glamorous” images, and the amount of time and labor behind a fi nal product. Certain skills and expertise cannot be taught but are instead collected from years of personal experience – a body of knowledge inaccessible to some unless passed on through e-mails, Zoom calls, or personal observations. When dealing with these seemingly esoteric topics, it becomes easy to feel isolated in the problems, failures, or questions that arise and cannot be easily accessed in academic journals or a simple Google search. Although exacerbated by the global pandemic’s mandates and shifts in the way work is done - this feeling is not new. The following pages record clay 3D printing research on a KUKA industrial robotic arm completed by two 5th year undergraduate architecture students. Through drawings, images, and text, this field note documents decisions, failures, messes, and successes compiled from a year of socially distanced learning, researching, and living.
series	ACADIA
type	field note
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	cdrf2021_305
id	cdrf2021_305
authors	Mette Ramsgaard Thomsen, Martin Tamke1, Aurelie Mosse, Jakob Sieder-Semlitsch, Hanae Bradshaw, Emil Fabritius Buchwald, and Maria Mosshammer
year	2021
title	Imprimer La Lumiere – 3D Printing Bioluminescence for Architectural Materiality
source	Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES The 3rd International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2021)
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_28
summary	‘Imprimer la Lumi?re’ examines the making of a bioluminescent micro architecture. The project positions itself inside a sustainability agenda. By exploring the use of light-emitting bacteria as a material for architecture it asks what are the concepts, methods and technologies needed for designing with living materials. The project devises new means by which to design with the luminescent vibrio fischeri bacteria in a 3D printing manufacturing process based on extrusion principles. By combining the study of these living organisms and their appropriation through advanced robot-controlled 3D printing technologies, we establish a conceptual, material and technological framework for a bio-controlled bacteria growth and 3D extrusion process and a printable material based on agarose and gelatine.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:53

_id	cdrf2021_349
id	cdrf2021_349
authors	Mirko Daneluzzo and Michele Daneluzzo
year	2021
title	Reinventing Staircases for Thermoplastic Additive Manufacturing
source	Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES The 3rd International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2021)
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_32
summary	The paper presents an ongoing project focusing on the application of additive manufacturing technologies for the design of staircases. Additive digital fabrication allows architects to reinvestigate materials, processes, and creates new design opportunities to explore novel aesthetical and functional expression in architecture, enabling a reinterpretation of the typology of the staircase, using thermoplastic materials. This paper reviews the opportunities and challenges of using 3D printing for fabricating custom stairs with complex geometries in two studied configurations.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:53

_id	ecaade2021_011
id	ecaade2021_011
authors	Nováková, Kateøina and Vele, Jiøí
year	2021
title	Prvok - An experiment with 3D printing large doublecurved concrete structure
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 137-144
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.137
summary	In this experimental research project we report on the manufacturing process of the first full-size 3D printed concrete structure in our country. The house was 3D printed by an ABB IRB 6700 robot whose range we made fit with the requirements for transportation size and also, its range determined the size and geometry of the house. During the transformation process from sketch to code we involved students to apply computational design methods. We designed the main load bearing structure which had to be thinnest and lightest possible together with its insulation features and printability. We were aware of the world-wide research in this field started by NASA centennial Challenge called 3D-printed-habitat [Roman,2020] as well as start-ups derived from this research [1,2,3,4]. During the project, we investigated the following matters: (1) the relationship between geometry of the wall in model and in practice (2), setting of the robot and the mixture; and (3) stress test of the wall. With the results of the test we aimed at contribution to standardisation of 3D printed structures in ISO/ASTM 52939:2021. The finalized structure, named "Prvok", was made to prove printability of the mixture and stability of the design.
keywords	3D printing; robot; concrete; grasshopper; experiment; house
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

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