Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	cdrf2021_26
id	cdrf2021_26
authors	Yuqian Li and Weiguo Xu
year	2021
title	Using CycleGAN to Achieve the Sketch Recognition Process of Sketch-Based Modeling
source	Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES The 3rd International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2021)
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_3
summary	Architects usually design ideation and conception by hand-sketching. Sketching is a direct expression of the architect’s creativity. But 2D sketches are often vague, intentional and even ambiguous. In the research of sketch-based modeling, it is the most difficult part to make the computer to recognize the sketches. Because of the development of artificial intelligence, especially deep learning technology, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have shown obvious advantages in the field of extracting features and matching, and Generative Adversarial Neural Networks (GANs) have made great breakthroughs in the field of architectural generation which make the image-to-image translation become more and more popular. As the building images are gradually developed from the original sketches, in this research, we try to develop a system from the sketches to the images of buildings using CycleGAN algorithm. The experiment demonstrates that this method could achieve the mapping process from the sketches to images, and the results show that the sketches’ features could be recognised in the process.By the learning and training process of the sketches’ reconstruction, the features of the images are also mapped to the sketches, which strengthen the architectural relationship in the sketch, so that the original sketch can gradually approach the building images, and then it is possible to achieve the sketch-based modeling technology.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:53

_id	ascaad2021_022
id	ascaad2021_022
authors	Baºarir, Lale; Kutluhan Erol
year	2021
title	Briefing AI: From Architectural Design Brief Texts to Architectural Design Sketches
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 23-31
summary	The main focus of this research is to uncover the underlying intuitive knowledge of architecture with the help of machine learning models. To achieve this, a generic architectural design process is considered and divided into iterative portions based on their output for each phase. This study looks into the initial portion of the architectural design process called “Briefing”. The authors search for the intuition that exists within the design process and how it can be learned by artificial intelligence (AI) that is currently gained through master-apprentice relationship and experience that builds up this knowledge. In this study, a way to enable users to attain an architectural design sketch while defining an architectural design problem with text is explored. This on-going research decomposes the components of the briefing and preliminary design sketching processes. Therefore the domain knowledge at each phase is considered for translating to constraints via natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML) models such as Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs).
series	ASCAAD
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:11

_id	ecaade2021_235
id	ecaade2021_235
authors	Ziegler, Christoph, Bielski, Jessica and Langenhan, Christoph
year	2021
title	This Is How We Do It - Observing architects sketch to inform effective recognition of semantic building information
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 393-402
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.1.393
summary	Sketching is an effective means for architects to develop design thoughts and to communicate ideas. It is a promising method for an interaction with CAAD systems that integrates naturally in the process of early conceptual design. A challenge for the realisation of sketched-based interaction, is for the computer to recognise what the designer is drawing. To inform the development of effective methods for the recognition of semantic building information in schematic layout sketches, we seek for a better understanding of how designers encode this information in their sketches. We therefore piloted a remote user study with trained architects (n=7). The results show variance in the use of symbols and in the drawing technique. However, we also observe commonalities in the approach. Participants always draw the perimeter first and then subdivide the enclosed space. We identified three techniques for subdivision: cut lines, open shapes, closed shapes. Also we identified four different types of information in participants' sketches and observed that certain types of objects are prevalent in all sketches. We discuss consequences of our observations for sketch recognition systems and considerations for the design of a follow-up study.
keywords	sketching; sketch-based interaction; user study; recognition; semantic building information; BIM
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ecaade2021_130
id	ecaade2021_130
authors	Alassaf, Nancy and Clayton, Mark
year	2021
title	The Use of Diagrammatic Reasoning to Aid Conceptual Design in Building Information Modeling (BIM)
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 39-48
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.039
summary	Architectural design is an intellectual activity where the architect moves from the abstract to the real. In this process, the abstract represents the logical reasoning of how architectural form is configured or structured, while the real refers to the final physical form. Diagrams become an integral part of the conceptual design stage because they mediate between those two realms. Building Information Modeling (BIM) can reallocate the effort and time to emphasize conceptual design. However, many consider BIM a professionally-oriented tool that is less suitable for the early design stages. This research suggests that architectural design reasoning can be achieved using constraint-based parametric diagrams to aid conceptual design in BIM. The study examines several techniques and constructs a framework to use diagrams in the early design stages. This framework has been investigated through Villa Stein and Citrohan House by Le Corbusier. This study addresses two roles of diagrams: the generative role to create various design solutions and the analytical one to conduct an early performance study of the building. Our research contributes to the discussion on the ways designers can use digital diagrams to support the architectural design process.
keywords	Building Information Modeling (BIM); Performance analysis ; Architectural Form; Diagram; Parametric modeling
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	cdrf2021_231
id	cdrf2021_231
authors	Andrea Macruz, Ernesto Bueno, Gustavo G. Palma, Jaime Vega, Ricardo A. Palmieri, and Tan Chen Wu
year	2021
title	Measuring Human Perception of Biophilically-Driven Design with Facial Micro-expressions Analysis and EEG Biosensor
source	Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES The 3rd International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2021)
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_22
summary	This paper investigates the role technology and neuroscience play in aiding the design process and making meaningful connections between people and nature. Using two workshops as a vehicle, the team introduced advanced technologies and Quantified Self practices that allowed people to use neural data and pattern recognition as feedback for the design process. The objective is to find clues to natural elements of human perception that can inform the design to meet goals for well-being. A pattern network of geometric shapes that achieve a higher level of monitored meditation levels and point toward a positive emotional valence is proposed. By referencing biological forms found in nature, the workshops utilized an algorithmic process that explored how nature can influence architecture. To measure the impact, the team used FaceOSC for capture and an Artificial Neural Network for micro-expression recognition, and a MindWave sensor manufactured by NeuroSky, which documented the human response further. The methodology allowed us to establish a boundary logic, ranking geometric shapes that suggested positive emotions and a higher level of monitored meditation levels. The results pointed us to a deeper level of understanding relative to geometric shapes in design. They indicate a new way to predict how well-being factors can clarify and rationalize a more intuitive design process inspired by nature.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:53

_id	ijac202119101
id	ijac202119101
authors	Budig, Michael; Oliver Heckmann, Markus, Hudert, Amanda Qi Boon Ng, Zack Xuereb Conti, and Clement Jun Hao Lork
year	2021
title	Computational screening-LCA tools for early design stages
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2021, Vol. 19 - no. 1, 6–22
summary	Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has been widely adopted to identify the Global Warming Potential (GWP) in the construction industry and determine its high environmental impact through Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions, energy and resource consumptions. The consideration of LCA in the early stages of design is becoming increasingly important as a means to avoid costly changes at later stages of the project. However, typical LCA-based tools demand very detailed information about structural and material systems and thus become too laborious for designers in the conceptual stages, where such specifications are still loosely defined. In response, this paper presents a workflow for LCA-based evaluation where the selection of the construction system and material is kept open to compare the impacts of alternative design variants. We achieve this through a strict division into support and infill systems and a simplified visualization of a schematic floor layout using a shoebox approach, inspired from the energy modelling domain. The shoeboxes in our case are repeatable modules within a schematic floor plan layout, whose enclosures are defined by parametric 2D surfaces representing total ratios of permanent supports versus infill components. Thus, the assembly of modular surface enclosures simplifies the LCA evaluation process by avoiding the need to accurately specify the physical properties of each building component across the floor plan. The presented workflow facilitates the selection of alternative structural systems and materials for their comparison, and outputs the Global Warming Potential (GWP) in the form of an intuitive visualization output. The workflow for simplified evaluation is illustrated through a case study that compares the GWP for selected combinations of material choice and construction systems.
keywords	Computational life cycle assessment tool, embodied carbon, parametric design, construction systems, global warming potential
series	journal
email
last changed	2021/06/03 23:29

_id	caadria2021_285
id	caadria2021_285
authors	Gawell, Ewelina
year	2021
title	Optimal design of wooden pavilion gridshell structures in the context of architectural and structural collaboration
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 473-482
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.473
summary	In the article two interacting aspects of collaborative design are described: shaping of the form and the rational use of materials. Form shaping will be analyzed on the basis of pavilions. The material aspect of this paper is concerned with the use of wood in contemporary construction. The first goal is to analyze the selected technical parameters related to the use of wood in the optimal shaping of gridshell structures in architecture. The second goal is to identify new opportunities for architectural and structural engineering cooperation in the context of generative digital tools. The possibility of creating new plugins for the existing generative modeling programs to improve the quality of collaboration will also be discussed. The paper is concerned with elementary research. I was able to achieve the set goals by means of theoretical analyzes based on the known literature as well as the analysis of the created objects and the accompanying research. The background for the work is a description of the selected trends of using natural wood as load-bearing elements in contemporary architecture and case studies of the selected objects that express the idea of form and material eco-efficiency.
keywords	wooden structures; structural detail; bionic models
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ascaad2021_039
id	ascaad2021_039
authors	Heydari, Maziar; Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad, Khosro Daneshjoo
year	2021
title	Utilizing Behavioral Agent-Based Modeling in an Automated Integrative Design Process
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 32-42
summary	Developing shift in architectural practice from previously exercised to late computational methods struggles to harmonize the concentration and consolidation between physical and humane aspects of a project or even the very thinking mechanism itself. Integrating Design workflow with the emerging simulation environment of agent-based modeling (ABM) in the complex architectural process can help us formulate a non-linear method. In this method, various complex design aspects such as humans' socio-behavioral attributes and structural complexities can be utilized to render an evolving design profile. Employing ABM in the design process enables us to evaluate complex problems using node-based tools to generate complicated simulation and exercise an adequate approach.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:11

_id	ascaad2021_054
id	ascaad2021_054
authors	Kontovourkis, Odysseas; Andreas Konstantinou, Nikos Kyrizi, Panagiota Tziourrou,
year	2021
title	Built-In Immersive VR Technology for Decision-Making in Design and Simulation of a Flexible Shading Device
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 190-200
summary	This paper discusses the potential offered by Virtual Reality (VR) and accompanied gesture-based devices as tools for architectural design and simulation. This is done by outlining a workflow and by demonstrating an experimental study for the development of an interactive, flexible and parametric shading device consisting of bending-active wooden strips. More specifically, the project focuses on the relationship between physical inputs acquisition and virtual experience of two users in space. Through the use of Kinect and VR headset, the first user is responsible to check and control the shading system regarding the shape and sun direction. The aim is to create configurations that serves his/her shading needs by moving his/her hand in order to hide the sun in a game like procedure until satisfactory shading is acquired. The second user, through the use of a leap motion sensor and a projection screen, is able to check and control the efficiency of structure in terms of bending behavior and environmental impact, also in a loop of possibilities. Using the thump and pointer fingers he/she controls the bending behavior by watching a screen that shows in different colours the bending factor of each element. At the same time, the distance between his/her hands controls the number of elements in order to achieve the optimal rate between material consumption and shading. The two users can intervene sequentially or concurrently during the process. A series of investigations related to shading rate and bending behavior as well as minimum material consumption leading to lower environmental impact are conducted. This attempts to offer useful conclusions as regard the potential application of immersive VR technology as mechanism for decision-making in architecture and simulation but also in the fabrication of the suggested shading device.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:11

_id	caadria2023_395
id	caadria2023_395
authors	Luo, Jiaxiang, Mastrokalou, Efthymia, Aldaboos, Sarah and Aldabous, Rahaf
year	2023
title	Research on the Exploration of Sprayed Clay Material and Modeling System
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 231–240
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.2.231
summary	As a traditional building material, clay has been used by humans for a long time. From early civilisations, to the modern dependence on new technologies, the craft of clay making is commonly linked with the use of moulds, handmade creations, ceramic extruders, etc. (Schmandt and Besserat, 1977). Clay in the form of bricks is one of the oldest building materials known (Fernandes et al, 2010). This research expands the possibilities offered by standardised bricks by testing types of clay, forms, shapes, porosity, and structural methods. The traditional way of working with clay relies on human craftsmanship and is based on the use of semi-solid clay (Fernandes et al., 2010). However, there is little research on the use of clay slurry. With the rise of 3D printing systems in recent years, research and development has been emerging on using clay as a 3D printing filament (Gürsoy, 2018). Researchers have discovered that in order for 3D-printed clay slurry to solidify quickly to support the weight of the added layers during printing, curing agents such as lime, coal ash, cement, etc. have to be added to the clay slurry. After adding these substances, clay is difficult to be reused and can have a negative effect on the environment (Chen et al., 2021). In this study, a unique method for manufacturing clay elements of intricate geometries is proposed with the help of an internal skeleton that can be continuously reused. The study introduces the process of applying clay on a special structure through spraying and showcases how this method creates various opportunities for customisation of production.
keywords	Spray clay, Substructure, 3D printing, Modelling system, Reusable
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	ecaade2021_038
id	ecaade2021_038
authors	Nakabayashi, Mizuki, Fukuda, Tomohiro and Yabuki, Nobuyoshi
year	2021
title	Mixed Reality Landscape Visualization Method with Automatic Discrimination Process for Dynamic Occlusion Handling Using Instance Segmentation
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 539-546
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.539
summary	Mixed reality (MR), which blends real and virtual worlds, has attracted attention as a visualization method in landscape design. MR-based landscape visualization enables stakeholders to examine landscape changes at actual scale in real-time at the actual project site. One challenge in MR-based landscape visualization is occlusion, which occurs when virtual objects obscure physical objects that are in the foreground. Previous research proposed an MR-based landscape visualization method with dynamic occlusion by using semantic segmentation of deep learning. However, this method has two problems. The first is that the same kind of objects that are grouped into one or overlapped types are classified as the same object, and the other is that the foreground objects have to be defined in pre-processing. In this study, we developed a system for large-scale MR landscape visualization that enables the recognition of each physical object individually using instance segmentation, and it is possible to accurately represent the positional relationship by comparing the coordinate information of the 3D virtual model and all physical objects.
keywords	landscape visualization; mixed reality; instance segmentation; dynamic occlusion handling; deep learning
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	caadria2021_272
id	caadria2021_272
authors	Naruse, Masashi, Bileguutee, Ulemjjargal and Mizutani, Akihiro
year	2021
title	A study on chair design by interactive three-dimensional modeling using sketching interface
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 263-272
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.2.263
summary	This paper discusses the potential derived by developing a sketching interface to achieve an intuition-oriented design process for beginners, focusing on fabrication. Using experiments and a questionnaire, we evaluate both the method developed and the change in the consciousness of participation in full-scale 3D (Three Dimensional) design. A specific feature of the developed sketching interface is that it is not fully packaged; it means designers can modify and customize a tool to their needs. However, there was no difference between the sketching interface and ordinary 3D CAD (Computer-Aided Design) in increasing the motivation to use computers to fabricate; including a customizable feature (not fully packaged) could open up the possibilities of increasing motivation for the subjects to participate in the fabrication. The experiment results demonstrated that the sketching interface input system has equivalent reproducibility to existing 3D CAD, and even beginners can intuitively and immediately realize fabrication.
keywords	3D CAD; sketching interface; fabrication support; digital fabrication
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	sigradi2022_65
id	sigradi2022_65
authors	Roncoroni, Umberto
year	2022
title	Programming complex 3D meshes. A generative approach based on shape grammars.
source	Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 335–346
summary	This article summarizes the results of art based research developed thanks to a grant by the PUCP University of Lima in 2021-2022. An open source generative solution will be described, based on generative grammars, to create very complex and programmable 3D meshes. Analyzing hundreds of models generated with these algorithms, a solution was found based on the idea of “intelligent meshes”, which change their behavior during the modeling process. This is done using tags, or vertices identifiers, that, like genes, describe the topological characteristics of each vertex and its generative development during the process. Tags can be programmed interactively editing its data with tools provided by the interface or using generative grammars that allow an incredible variety of complex forms and stimulate the user creativity. The research findings also elucidate some important conceptual issues, like the importance of original technology development to defend cultural identity.
keywords	Computational creativity, Cultural identity, Generative grammars
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2023/05/16 16:55

_id	sigradi2021_31
id	sigradi2021_31
authors	Sampaio, Hugo Guimaraes, Lima, Mariana Monteiro Xavier de and Cardoso, Daniel Ribeiro
year	2021
title	Parametric Modeling as Record of Memory of Vernacular Boats
source	Gomez, P and Braida, F (eds.), Designing Possibilities - Proceedings of the XXV International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2021), Online, 8 - 12 November 2021, pp. 657–668
summary	This work seeks to continue the research started in 2017 about the triangle boat type, based on the traditional models of the municipality of Icapuí in Ceará / Brazil. The intention is to expand and refine the research, analyzing the construction process and the typology of the boats. For this, it is proposed to define a typology and a shape grammar of the boats and implement, in a digitally-based system, a formalized language. The methodology adopted in this work starts from a knowledge construction process following the Design Science Research strategy. The main result is an in-depth analysis of the description and representation of a vernacular design of the triangle boats. The documentation approach using parametric modeling offers great contributions to the memory and cultural heritage preservation, since an algorithmic description is able to retain information pertaining to both the material and immaterial part of the artifact.
keywords	Modelagem paramétrica. Patrimônio digital. Patrimônio cultural. Design vernacular. Embarcaçao
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/05/23 12:11

_id	sigradi2021_22
id	sigradi2021_22
authors	Silva, Mario, Garcia, Rafael and Carlo, Joyce
year	2021
title	Daylight and Energy Consumption Assessment of a School Building Through Multi-Objective Optimization and Clustering Technique
source	Gomez, P and Braida, F (eds.), Designing Possibilities - Proceedings of the XXV International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2021), Online, 8 - 12 November 2021, pp. 229–239
summary	Multi-objective problems usually employ conflicting objective functions, making the Simulation-Based Optimization process return a set of solutions. This study applies a clustering technique to analyze and characterize the solutions obtained in a school building optimization problem, maximizing daylight while minimizing energy consumption. We modeled the geometry using the Rhino + Grasshopper platform, following an existing building's characteristics. The parameters were the building's dimensions, openings' height, solar devices' and light shelves' reflectance, solar devices' distance from the facade, rotation angle, and depth of light shelves. We applied a clustering technique to group solutions according to their parametric similarities at the end of the optimization process. This approach made it possible to establish guidelines to support the designer's choice of the combination of parameters that best fits his purposes.
keywords	school building, genetic algorithm, climate-based daylight modeling, clusterization
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/05/23 12:10

_id	ecaade2023_259
id	ecaade2023_259
authors	Sonne-Frederiksen, Povl Filip, Larsen, Niels Martin and Buthke, Jan
year	2023
title	Point Cloud Segmentation for Building Reuse - Construction of digital twins in early phase building reuse projects
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 2, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 327–336
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.327
summary	Point cloud processing has come a long way in the past years. Advances in computer vision (CV) and machine learning (ML) have enabled its automated recognition and processing. However, few of those developments have made it through to the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry. Here, optimizing those workflows can reduce time spent on early-phase projects, which otherwise could be spent on developing innovative design solutions. Simplifying the processing of building point cloud scans makes it more accessible and therefore, usable for design, planning and decision-making. Furthermore, automated processing can also ensure that point clouds are processed consistently and accurately, reducing the potential for human error. This work is part of a larger effort to optimize early-phase design processes to promote the reuse of vacant buildings. It focuses on technical solutions to automate the reconstruction of point clouds into a digital twin as a simplified solid 3D element model. In this paper, various ML approaches, among others KPConv Thomas et al. (2019), ShapeConv Cao et al. (2021) and Mask-RCNN He et al. (2017), are compared in their ability to apply semantic as well as instance segmentation to point clouds. Further it relies on the S3DIS Armeni et al. (2017), NYU v2 Silberman et al. (2012) and Matterport Ramakrishnan et al. (2021) data sets for training. Here, the authors aim to establish a workflow that reduces the effort for users to process their point clouds and obtain object-based models. The findings of this research show that although pure point cloud-based ML models enable a greater degree of flexibility, they incur a high computational cost. We found, that using RGB-D images for classifications and segmentation simplifies the complexity of the ML model but leads to additional requirements for the data set. These can be mitigated in the initial process of capturing the building or by extracting the depth data from the point cloud.
keywords	Point Clouds, Machine Learning, Segmentation, Reuse, Digital Twins
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	ecaade2021_013
id	ecaade2021_013
authors	Vucic, Marko and Tepavcevic, Bojan
year	2021
title	Web-Based Collaborative Method for the Design and Fabrication of Gridshells
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 225-234
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.1.225
summary	Abstract: Advancements in computational design and fabrication along with development of web-based platforms for 3D modeling instigated new approaches for the development of collaborative tools in architecture and building industry. This paper presents a collaborative method to design and fabrication of geodesic D-strips gridshells which can be used for mass customization of lightweight wooden shell pavilions. Collaborative design-to-fabrication method is presented in 2 phases: digital form-finding process with custom designed online parametric tool for creating funicular D-stripe gridshells and using Microsoft Hololens for making physical prototype in mixed reality environment. As a proof of concept design and manufacturing of geodesic D-strips gridshell models are realized within online and onsite workshop as a part of model making course class for the students without previous 3D modeling experience.
keywords	Collaborative Design; Geodesic D-strip models; Mixed reality; Gridshells
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	caadria2021_006
id	caadria2021_006
authors	Agirachman, Fauzan Alfi and Shinozaki, Michihiko
year	2021
title	VRDR - An Attempt to Evaluate BIM-based Design Studio Outcome Through Virtual Reality
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 223-232
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.2.223
summary	During the COVID-19 pandemic situation, educational institutions were forced to conduct all academic activities in distance learning formats, including the architecture program. This act barred interaction between students and supervisors only through their computers screen. Therefore, in this study, we explored an opportunity to utilize virtual reality (VR) technology to help students understand and evaluate design outcomes from an architectural design studio course in a virtual environment setting. The design evaluation process is focused on building affordance and user accessibility aspect based on the design objectives that students must achieve. As a result, we developed a game-engine based VR system called VRDR for evaluating design studio outcomes modeled as Building Information Modeling (BIM) models.
keywords	virtual reality; building information modeling; building affordance; user accessibility; architectural education
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2021_415
id	caadria2021_415
authors	Chuang, Cheng-Lin and Chien, Sheng-Fen
year	2021
title	Facilitating Architect-Client Communication in the Pre-design Phase
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 71-80
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.2.071
summary	The process of architects exploring the program with clients often take place through face-to-face oral discussions and visual aids, such as photos and sketches. Our research focuses on two communication mediums: language and sketch. We employ machine learning techniques to assist architects and clients to improve their communication and reduce misunderstandings. We have trained a Naive Bayesian Classifier machine, the language assistant (LA), to classify architectural vocabularies with associations to design requirements. In addition, we have trained a Generative Adversarial Network, the sketch assistant (SA), to generate photo quality images based on architects' sketches. The language assistant and sketch assistant combined can facilitate architect-client communication during the pre-design stage.
keywords	Architect-Client Communication; Pre-design; Architectural Programming; Machine Learning; Schematic Design
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	caadria2021_389
id	caadria2021_389
authors	del Campo, Matias
year	2021
title	Architecture,Language and AI - Language,Attentional Generative Adversarial Networks (AttnGAN) and Architecture Design
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 211-220
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.211
summary	The motivation to explore Attentional Generative Adversarial Networks (AttnGAN) as a design technique in architecture can be found in the desire to interrogate an alternative design methodology that does not rely on images as starting point for architecture design, but language. Traditionally architecture design relies on visual language to initiate a design process, wither this be a napkin sketch or a quick doodle in a 3D modeling environment. AttnGAN explores the information space present in programmatic needs, expressed in written form, and transforms them into a visual output. The key results of this research are shown in this paper with a proof-of-concept project: the competition entry for the 24 Highschool in Shenzhen, China. This award-winning project demonstrated the ability of GraphCNN to serve as a successful design methodology for a complex architecture program. In the area of Neural Architecture, this technique allows to interrogate shape through language. An alternative design method that creates its own unique sensibility.
keywords	Artificial Intelligence; Machine Learning; Artificial Neural Networks; Semiotics; Design Methodology
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

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