Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	acadia21_400
id	acadia21_400
authors	Bruce, Mackenzie; Clune, Gabrielle; Xie, Ruxin; Mozaffari, Salma; Adel, Arash
year	2021
title	Cocoon: 3D Printed Clay Formwork for Concrete Casting
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.400
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 400-409.
summary	Concrete, a material widely used in the construction industry today for its low cost and considerable strength as a composite building material, allows designers to work with nearly any form imaginable; if the technology to build the formwork is possible. By combining two historic and widely used materials, clay and concrete, our proposed novel process, Cocoon, integrates robotic clay three-dimensional (3D) printing as the primary formwork and incrementally casting concrete into this formwork to fabricate nonstandard concrete elements. The incremental casting and printing process anchors the concrete and clay together, creating a symbiotic and harmonious relationship. The concrete’s fluidity takes shape from the 3D printed clay formwork, allowing the clay to gain structure from the concrete as it cures. As the clay loses moisture, the formwork begins to shrink, crack, and reveal the concrete below. This self-demolding process produces easily removable formwork that can then be recycled by adding water to rehydrate the clay creating a nearly zero-waste formwork. This technique outlines multiple novel design features for complex concrete structures, including extended height limit, integrated void space design, tolerable overhang, and practical solutions for clay deformation caused by the physical stress during the casting process. The novelty of the process created by 3D printing clay formwork using an industrial robotic arm allows for rapid and scalable production of nearly zero-waste customizable formwork. More significant research implications can impact the construction industry, integrating more sustainable ways to build, enabled by digital fabrication technologies.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	cdrf2021_286
id	cdrf2021_286
authors	Yimeng Wei, Areti Markopoulou, Yuanshuang Zhu,Eduardo Chamorro Martin, and Nikol Kirova
year	2021
title	Additive Manufacture of Cellulose Based Bio-Material on Architectural Scale
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_27
source	Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES The 3rd International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2021)
summary	There are severe environmental and ecological issues once we evaluate the architecture industry with LCA (Life Cycle Assessment), such as emission of CO2 caused by necessary high temperature for producing cement and significant amounts of Construction Demolition Waste (CDW) in deteriorated and obsolete buildings. One of the ways to solve these problems is Bio-Material. CELLULOSE and CHITON is the 1st and 2nd abundant substance in nature (Duro-Royo, J.: Aguahoja_ProgrammableWater-based Biocomposites for Digital Design and Fabrication across Scales. MIT, pp. 1–3 (2019)), which means significantly potential for architectural dimension production. Meanwhile, renewability and biodegradability make it more conducive to the current problem of construction pollution. The purpose of this study is to explore Cellulose Based Biomaterial and bring it into architectural scale additive manufacture that engages with performance in the material development, with respect to time of solidification and control of shrinkage, as well as offering mechanical strength. At present, the experiments have proved the possibility of developing a cellulose-chitosan- based composite into 3D-Printing Construction Material (Sanandiya, N.D., Vijay, Y., Dimopoulou, M., Dritsas, S., Fernandez, J.G.: Large-scale additive manufacturing with bioinspired cellulosic materials. Sci. Rep. 8(1), 1–5 (2018)). Moreover, The research shows that the characteristics (Such as waterproof, bending, compression, tensile, transparency) of the composite can be enhanced by different additives (such as xanthan gum, paper fiber, flour), which means it can be customized into various architectural components based on Performance Directional Optimization. This solution has a positive effect on environmental impact reduction and is of great significance in putting the architectural construction industry into a more environment-friendly and smart state.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:53

_id	caadria2023_395
id	caadria2023_395
authors	Luo, Jiaxiang, Mastrokalou, Efthymia, Aldaboos, Sarah and Aldabous, Rahaf
year	2023
title	Research on the Exploration of Sprayed Clay Material and Modeling System
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.2.231
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 231–240
summary	As a traditional building material, clay has been used by humans for a long time. From early civilisations, to the modern dependence on new technologies, the craft of clay making is commonly linked with the use of moulds, handmade creations, ceramic extruders, etc. (Schmandt and Besserat, 1977). Clay in the form of bricks is one of the oldest building materials known (Fernandes et al, 2010). This research expands the possibilities offered by standardised bricks by testing types of clay, forms, shapes, porosity, and structural methods. The traditional way of working with clay relies on human craftsmanship and is based on the use of semi-solid clay (Fernandes et al., 2010). However, there is little research on the use of clay slurry. With the rise of 3D printing systems in recent years, research and development has been emerging on using clay as a 3D printing filament (Gürsoy, 2018). Researchers have discovered that in order for 3D-printed clay slurry to solidify quickly to support the weight of the added layers during printing, curing agents such as lime, coal ash, cement, etc. have to be added to the clay slurry. After adding these substances, clay is difficult to be reused and can have a negative effect on the environment (Chen et al., 2021). In this study, a unique method for manufacturing clay elements of intricate geometries is proposed with the help of an internal skeleton that can be continuously reused. The study introduces the process of applying clay on a special structure through spraying and showcases how this method creates various opportunities for customisation of production.
keywords	Spray clay, Substructure, 3D printing, Modelling system, Reusable
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	ascaad2021_008
id	ascaad2021_008
authors	Alabbasi, Mohammad; Han-Mei Chen, Asterios Agkathidis
year	2021
title	Assessing the Effectivity of Additive Manufacturing Techniques for the Production of Building Components: Implementing Innovation for Housing Construction in Saudi Arabia
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 214-226
summary	This paper examines the suitability of existing robotic technologies and large-scale 3D printing techniques for the fabrication of three-dimensional printed building components to be applied in the Saudi housing construction industry. The paper assesses a series of cases based on the applications for 3D-printing cement-based materials in construction. In particular, we investigate five different additive manufacturing techniques and evaluate their performance in terms of their flexibility/mechanism, control/navigation, calibration/operation system, fabrication suitability (in-situ or off-site), size of printed components, printing speed. The findings include in a matrix chart, where the advantages and disadvantages of each technique become evident. The paper further evaluates the suitability of each technique in relation to the particular climatical and socio-political context of Saudi Arabia, applicable to other construction industries with similar conditions.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:11

_id	caadria2021_005
id	caadria2021_005
authors	Bedarf, Patrick, Martinez Schulte, Dinorah, Åženol, AyÃ§a, Jeoffroy, Etienne and Dillenburger, Benjamin
year	2021
title	Robotic 3D Printing of Mineral Foam for a Lightweight Composite Facade Shading Panel
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.603
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 603-612
summary	This paper presents the design and fabrication of a lightweight composite facade shading panel using 3D printing (3DP) of mineral foams. Albeit their important role in industrial construction practice as insulators and lightweight materials, only little research has been conducted to use foams in 3DP. However, the recent development of highly porous mineral foams that are very suitable for extrusion printing opens a new chapter for development of geometrically complex lightweight building components with efficient formwork-free additive manufacturing processes. The work documented in this paper was based on preliminary material and fabrication development of a larger research endeavor and systematically explored designs for small interlocking foam modules. Furthermore, the robotic 3D Printing setup and subsequent processing parameters were tested in detail. Through extensive prototyping, the design space of a final demonstrator shading panel was mapped and refined. The design and fabrication process is documented and shows the potential of the novel material system in combination with fiber-reinforced ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). The resulting composite shading panel highlights the benefits of using mineral foam 3DP to fabricate freeform stay-in-place formwork for lightweight facade applications. Furthermore, this paper discusses the challenges and limitations encountered during the project and gives a conclusive outlook for future research.
keywords	robotic 3d-printing; mineral foam; lightweight construction; concrete formwork; facade shading panel
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2021_282
id	caadria2021_282
authors	Jauk, Julian, VaÅ¡atko, Hana, Gosch, Lukas, Christian, Ingolf, Klaus, Anita and Stavric, Milena
year	2021
title	Digital Fabrication of Growth - Combining digital manufacturing of clay with natural growth of mycelium
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.753
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 753-762
summary	In this paper we will demonstrate that a digital workflow and a living material such as mycelium, make the creation of smart structural designs possible. Ceramics industries are not as technically advanced in terms of digital fabrication, as the concrete or steel industries are. At the same time, bio-based materials that use growth as a manufacturing method, are often lacking in basic research. Our interdisciplinary research combines digital manufacturing - allowing a controlled material distribution, with the use of mycelial growth - enabling fibre connections on a microscopic scale. We developed a structure that uses material informed toolpaths for paste-based extrusion, which are built on the foundation of experiments that compare material properties and observations of growth. In this manner the tensile strength of 3D printed unfired clay elements was increased by using mycelium as an intelligently oriented fibre reinforcement. Assembling clay-mycelium composites in a living state allows force-transmitting connections within the structure. The composite named 'MyCera' has exhibited structural properties that open up the possibility of its implementation in the building industry. In this context it allows the design and efficient manufacturing of lightweight ceramic constructions customized to this composite, which would not have been possible using conventional ceramics fabrication methods.
keywords	Mycelium; Clay; 3D Printing; Growth; Bio-welding
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	caadria2021_213
id	caadria2021_213
authors	Oghazian, Farzaneh and Vazquez, Elena
year	2021
title	A Multi-Scale Workflow for Designing with New Materials in Architecture: Case Studies across Materials and Scales - Case studies across materials and scales
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.533
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 533-542
summary	In this paper, we present a workflow developed for designing with and scaling-up new materials in architecture through an iterative cycle of materialization and testing. The framework establishes a connection between design requirements and form, taking advantage of different scales in new materials known as micro, meso, and macroscale in the process of design/manufacture. Different scales when dealing with material systems-especially in those that possess some level of uncertainty in their behavior from the formation process-make it challenging to deal with the different material variables controlled at each scale. This paper presents a brief review of existing design workflows centered on material properties. We then discuss case studies and argue for a multi-scale approach for design. Finally, we present the workflow. By implementing the workflow on two case studies, we answer how we can include material scales and their embedded properties as the central part of the design/manufacture process to aid in implementing new materials in architecture. The case studies are a responsive skin system and a free-standing tensile structure incorporating 3D printed wood filament and knitted yarn as the primary material.
keywords	material computation; material-based design; wood 3D printing; knitting; multi-scale workflow
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ecaade2021_040
id	ecaade2021_040
authors	Zhan, Qiang, Wu, Hao, Zhang, Liming, Yuan, Philip F. and Gao, Tianyi
year	2021
title	3D Concrete Printing with Variable Width Filament
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.153
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 153-160
summary	Traditional mold-based concrete construction methods are inefficient, poor quality, and labor-intensive. Concrete 3D printing technology is expected to replace traditional methods as an emerging intelligent construction method due to its flexible, automatic, fast, and mold-free features. Concrete 3D printing is a method by extruding and selectively laminating construction materials onto a specific path, relying on fine-grained control of the printing material and the printing device. However, the maximum printing resolution is limited by the width of the toolpath. Filament width and printing resolution are two main factors that need to balance. In this paper, a variable width printing method is proposed using the active nozzle speed control method. The width of the print path can be adjusted according to the model details. A width control algorithm is proposed. The general workflow of variable width printing, including model preparation, toolpath planning, robotic fabrication, is also introduced, and a concrete bench is printed for experimental validation. The result shows great application potential for surface decoration and structural reinforcement. The efficiency, feasibility, and problems encountered in printing are analyzed and summarized.
keywords	3D concrete printing; variable filament width; robotic fabrication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ecaade2021_047
id	ecaade2021_047
authors	Zhang, Xiao, Yuan, Chao, Yang, Liu, Yu, Peiran, Ma, Yiwen, Qiu, Song, Guo, Zhe and Yuan, Philip F.
year	2021
title	Design and Fabrication of Formwork for Shell Structures Based on 3D-printing Technology
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.1.487
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 487-496
summary	Shell structure is a kind of structure using a small amount of materials to obtain a large-span multi-functional space. However, lots of formwork and scaffold materials are often wasted in the construction process. This paper focuses on the shell structure construction using robotic 3D printing PLA (an environmental friendly material) technology as the background. The author explores the possibility of 3D printing technology in shell construction from small scale models in different construction method, and gradually optimizes the shell template shape suitable for PLA material in full-scale construction. Finally, the research team chose the bending-active 3D printing type and completed the construction of three full-scale concrete shell molds. Under the guidance of professor Philippe Block, the research team finished the final 3D printing mold with optimized slicing and bending logic and successfully used it as the template mold to carry the tiles which proved the feasibility of this construction method.
keywords	Shell structure ; Formwork ; Geometric analysis; Form-finding; 3d printing
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	acadia21_318
id	acadia21_318
authors	Borhani, Alireza; Kalantar, Negar
year	2021
title	Nesting Fabrication
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.318
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 318-327.
summary	Positioned at the intersection of the computational modes of design and production, this research explains the principles and applications of a novel fabrication-informed geometric system called nesting. Applying the nesting fabrication method, the authors reimage the construction of complex forms by proposing geometric arrangements that lessen material waste and reduce production time, transportation cost, and storage space requirements. Through this method, appearance and performance characteristics are contingent on fabrication constraints and material behavior. In this study, the focus is on developing design rules for this method and investigating the main parameters involved in dividing the global geometry of a complex volume into stackable components when the first component in the stack gives shape to the second. The authors introduce three different strategies for nesting fabrication: 2D, 2.5D, and 3D nesting. Which of these strategies can be used depends on the geometrical needs of the design and available tools and materials. Next, by revisiting different fabrication approaches, the authors introduce readers to the possibility of large-scale objects with considerable overhangs without the need for nearly any temporary support structures. After establishing a workflow starting with the identification of geometric rules of nesting and ending with fabrication limits, this work showcases the proposed workflow through a series of case studies, demonstrating the feasibility of the suggested method and its capacity to integrate production constraints into the design process. Traversing from pragmatic to geometrical concerns, the approach discussed here offers an integrated approach supporting functional, structural, and environmental matters important when turning material, technical, assembly, and transportation systems into geometric parameters.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	acadia21_302
id	acadia21_302
authors	Diniz, Nancy; Melendez, Frank
year	2021
title	Inoculated Matter
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.302
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 302-305.
summary	INOCULATED MATTER looks towards new possibilities for designing and making architectural elements with living organisms, upcycled waste, and 3D printing technologies. This research project, which is currently ongoing and has been developed over the past two years, includes a series of multi-scalar mycelium bio-composites, as a means of redefining material, water, and energy in the face of changing scales of manufacturing and resource cycles.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	ecaade2021_115
id	ecaade2021_115
authors	Foged, Isak and Hilmer, Jacob
year	2021
title	Fiber Compositions - Development of wood and textile layered structures as a material strategy for sustainable design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.443
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 443-452
summary	This study examines composite compositions based on fiber-based materials. It focuses on organic textiles of Jute, Hemp, Wool, Flax, and Glass fiber as a synthetic textile, combined with the lightweight wood species Paulownia. By creating novel composites, the study aims to investigate methods and generate design knowledge for material strategies to improve and reduce material waste in the built environment, further enabled by the use of small elements that can be sourced from waste wood and reclaimed wood. Research is conducted as a hybrid material-computational methodology, developing and testing probes, prototypes and a full-scale demonstrator assembly in the form of a wall seating composition. The results find that the proposed method and resulting composites have significant potentials for both expressive and functional characteristics, allowing tectonic articulation to be made, while creating minimum material structures based on assembly of small elements to larger complex curvature building parts.
keywords	Wood; Textile; Composite; Computational Design; Environmental Design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ecaade2022_302
id	ecaade2022_302
authors	Lu, Xin, Meng, Zeyuan, Rodriguez, Alvaro Lopez and Pantic, Igor
year	2022
title	Reusable Augmented Concrete Casting System - Accessible method for formwork manufacturing through holographic guidance
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.1.371
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 1, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 371–380
summary	Reinforced concrete has been one of the essential materials for modern architecture for the last hundred years. Its use is entirely global, having been adopted by all cultures and styles since its invention in the late 19th century. Although its value is excellent due to its low cost, durability and adaptability, its environmental impact is significant, being, in fact, one of the most polluting industries in the world (Babor et al. 2009). This experimental project will research a more sustainable use of concrete, exploring a new form of reusable concrete formwork that will ideally reduce the CO2 footprint by removing wood waste in the casting process and replacing it with adaptable metal components. The modular part-based system for the concrete casting also attempts to simplify one of the current complexities for concrete construction, the Skilled-Labour shortage. (Yusoff et al. 2021). To mitigate this problem, the project also proposes using an Augmented Assembly logic for the casting parts to guide the ensemble and dismantle the formwork through an optimised algorithmic logic. The use of Augmented Reality as a replacement for traditional paper instructions will facilitate access to more workers to this construction art and potentially improve access to optimised use of concrete in developing communities with restricted building technological resources.
keywords	Mixed Reality, Distributed Manufacturing, Augmented Manufacturing, Sustainability, Computational Design, Concrete Casting
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	ecaade2024_361
id	ecaade2024_361
authors	Sochùrková, Petra; Devyatkina, Svetlana; Kordová, Sára; Vaško, Imrich; Tsikoliya, Shota
year	2024
title	Bioreceptive Parameters for Additive Manufacturing of Clay based Composites
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2024.1.045
source	Kontovourkis, O, Phocas, MC and Wurzer, G (eds.), Data-Driven Intelligence - Proceedings of the 42nd Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2024), Nicosia, 11-13 September 2024, Volume 1, pp. 45–54
summary	Due to climate change and the problematic amount of waste and CO2 emissions in the construction industry, non-human organisms and sustainable solutions are key motivators of the study. This paper focuses on developing a bioreceptive (Guillitte, 1995) composite suitable for additive manufacturing, composed to support growth of various organisms. It investigates key properties which have shown to be beneficial for promoting biological growth, such as water absorption, water permeability, humidity, and surface texture. The study evaluates the effect of two groups of clay-based waste additives, wooden sawdust (Arslan, et al., 2021) and sediment material sourced from local tunnel excavation in Prague. Simultaneously the need for intelligent reintegration and waste use is prevalent. Additive fabrication offers the ability to test a variety of composites and (re-)integrate them into the manufacturing processes. Current approach explores how to design artificial environments/skins for greenery and small life with the potential to improve both diversity and survivability while maintaining a better climate in its immediate surroundings. Bioreceptive design has the potential to improve the quality of the urban environment and bring new aesthetic influences into it (Cruz and Beckett 2016, p. 51-64).
keywords	Digital Design, Material Research, Bioreceptive Design, Robotic Fabrication, Additive Manufacturing, Experimental Pastes, Bio compatibility, Waste Materials, Clay Composites
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/11/17 22:05

_id	caadria2021_250
id	caadria2021_250
authors	Aghaei Meibodi, Mania, Odaglia, Pietro and Dillenburger, Benjamin
year	2021
title	Min-Max: Reusable 3D printed formwork for thin-shell concrete structures - Reusable 3D printed formwork for thin-shell concrete structures
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.743
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 743-752
summary	This paper presents an approach for reusable formwork for thin-shell, double-sided highly detailed surfaces based on binder jet 3D printing technology. Using binder jetting for reusable formwork outperforms the milled and 3D printed thermoplastic formwork in terms of speed and cost of fabrication, precision, and structural strength against deformation. The research further investigated the synergy of binder jetting sandstone formwork with glass-fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC) to fabricate lightweight, durable, and highly detailed facade elements.We could demonstrate the feasibility of this approach by fabricating a minimal surface structure assembled from 32 glass-fiber reinforced concrete elements, cast with 4 individual formwork elements, each of them reused 8 times. By showing that 3D printed (3DP) formwork cannot only be used once but also for small series production we increase the field of economic application of 3D printed formwork. The presented fabrication method of formwork based on additive manufacturing opens the door to more individualized, freeform architecture.
keywords	Binder Jet 3D Printing; 3D Printed Formwork; Reusable Formwork; Minimal Surface; GFRC (GRC)
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2021_329
id	caadria2021_329
authors	Breseghello, Luca, Sanin, Sandro and Naboni, Roberto
year	2021
title	Toolpath Simulation,Design and Manipulation in Robotic 3D Concrete Printing
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.623
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 623-632
summary	Digital fabrication is blurring the boundaries between design, manufacturing and material effects. More and more experimental design processes involve an intertwined investigation of these aspects, especially when it comes to additive techniques such as 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP). Conventional digital tools present limitations in the description of an object, which neglects material, textural, and machinic information. In this paper, we exploit the control of extrusion-based 3D printing via programmed layered toolpath as a design method for enhancing the control of the manufactured architectural elements. The paper presents an experimental framework for design, analysis and fabrication with 3DCP, developing a system for materializing interdependencies between geometry, material, performance. This is applied to a series of architectural artefacts which demonstrate the advantages and possibilities opened by the introduced workflow, expanding the design process towards higher control on the objects buildability, structural integrity and aesthetic. manufacturing and material effects. More and more experimental design processes involve an intertwined investigation of these aspects, especially when it comes to additive techniques such as 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP). Conventional digital tools present limitations in the description of an object, which neglects material, textural, and machinic information. In this paper, we exploit the control of extrusion-based 3D printing via programmed layered toolpath as a design method for enhancing the control of the manufactured architectural elements. The paper presents an experimental framework for design, analysis and fabrication with 3DCP, developing a system for materializing interdependencies between geometry, material, performance. This is applied to a series of architectural artefacts which demonstrate the advantages and possibilities opened by the introduced workflow, expanding the design process towards higher control on the objects buildability, structural integrity and aesthetic."
keywords	3D Concrete Printing; Robotic Fabrication; Additive Manufacturing; Toolpath Simulation; Toolpath Manipulation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ascaad2021_083
id	ascaad2021_083
authors	El-Dabaa, Rana; Islam Salem, Sherif Abdelmohsen
year	2021
title	Digitally Encoded Wood: 4D Printing of Hygroscopic Actuators for Architectural Responsive Skins
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 241-252
summary	This paper exploits passive responsive actuators as a passive approach for adaptive façades. The study encodes the embedded hygroscopic parameters of wood through 4D printing of laminated wooden composites as a responsive wooden actuator. Several experiments focus on controlling the printed hygroscopic parameters based on the effect of 3D printing patterns and infill height on the wooden angle of curvature. We present a set of controlled printed hygroscopic parameters that stretch the limits in controlling the response of wood to humidity instead of the typical natural properties of wood. The results show a passive programmed self-actuated mechanism that can enhance responsive façade design with zero energy consumption through utilizing both material science and additive manufacturing mechanisms. This passive responsive mechanism can be utilized in adaptive facades for dynamic shading configurations.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:13

_id	caadria2021_382
id	caadria2021_382
authors	Heidari, Farahbod, Saleh Tabari, Mohammad Hassan, Mahdavinejad, Mohammadjavad, Werner, Liss C. and Roohabadi, Maryam
year	2021
title	Bio-Energy Management from Micro-Algae Bio-Computational Based Reactor
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.401
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 401-410
summary	Microalgae are a sustainable source of unique properties with potential for various applications. Biofuel production has led to the use of them as bioreactors on an architectural scale. Most of these efforts cannot manage the output due to the lack of intelligent control and monitoring over environmental micro-scale growth. This research presents the possibility of control and monitoring over the bio-energy retrieved through micro-organisms in bio-reactors, specifically the growth environments computation. To achieve monitoring, three dimensions of the medium culture captured by cameras, and with the advantage of image processing, the picture frames pixel values measured. In this process, we use the Python OpenCV Library as an image processing reference. Finally, a specifically developed algorithm analyses the calculated 3d-matrix. By changing the environmental parameters, control happens by directly recognizing changes in density and outputs. This researchs computational process has proposed a novel approach for controlling particle-based environments to reach the desired functions of microorganisms, This approach can use in a wide range of cases as a method.
keywords	Bio-Computation; Monitoring; Image Processing; Pattern Recognition; Multi-Functional Bio-Materials
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	cdrf2021_305
id	cdrf2021_305
authors	Mette Ramsgaard Thomsen, Martin Tamke1, Aurelie Mosse, Jakob Sieder-Semlitsch, Hanae Bradshaw, Emil Fabritius Buchwald, and Maria Mosshammer
year	2021
title	Imprimer La Lumiere – 3D Printing Bioluminescence for Architectural Materiality
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_28
source	Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES The 3rd International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2021)
summary	‘Imprimer la Lumi?re’ examines the making of a bioluminescent micro architecture. The project positions itself inside a sustainability agenda. By exploring the use of light-emitting bacteria as a material for architecture it asks what are the concepts, methods and technologies needed for designing with living materials. The project devises new means by which to design with the luminescent vibrio fischeri bacteria in a 3D printing manufacturing process based on extrusion principles. By combining the study of these living organisms and their appropriation through advanced robot-controlled 3D printing technologies, we establish a conceptual, material and technological framework for a bio-controlled bacteria growth and 3D extrusion process and a printable material based on agarose and gelatine.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:53

_id	ecaade2021_169
id	ecaade2021_169
authors	Qi, Yue, Zhong, Ruqing, Kaiser, Benjamin, Tahouni, Yasaman, Wagner, Hans-Jakob, Verl, Alexander and Menges, Achim
year	2021
title	Augmented Accuracy - A human-machine integrated adaptive fabrication workflow for bamboo construction utilizing computer vision
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.1.345
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 345-354
summary	Despite being sustainable, strong and lightweight, naturally grown bamboo poles are currently used in restricted building typologies. This is due to the large tolerances in the built structures, which is caused by the variations in the dimensions and geometry of natural material as well as the manual, uninformed and imprecise assembly methods. In previous work, we introduced an adaptive fabrication method for bamboo structures that can monitor the fabrication process and compensate for deviations between built and designed form. As a proof of concept, the method is suitable for small scale bamboo structures in 2D- or simple 3D configuration. This paper extends the previous method by integrating the adaptation strategies into a cohesive fabrication and assembly workflow for large scale complex bamboo structures. To enable that, a more effective sensor localization method, adaptation algorithm, connection and assembly system, as well as web-based user interface are developed. The effectiveness of the proposed methods is demonstrated through the fabrication of a pavilion scale branching bamboo structure that complies with intended geometric boundary conditions. Even though the material has substantial geometrical variations, the final structure shows small geometric deviations and a successful interface with the prefabricated roof elements. Our work shows how vernacular materials and processes can be digitally augmented in order to reliably produce building structures, hence enabling their usage in modern applications to a larger extent.
keywords	Adaptive Digital Fabrication; Construction Uncertainties; Computer Vision; Bamboo Structures; HMI
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

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