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CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	acadia22pr_172
id	acadia22pr_172
authors	Huang, Lee-Su; Spaw, Gregory Thomas
year	2022
title	Robotically Bent Spatial Metal Knots - Re-Interpreting Spatial Knotting Through Robotic Tube Bending
source	ACADIA 2022: Hybrids and Haecceities [Projects Catalog of the 42nd Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9860805-7-4]. University of Pennsylvania Stuart Weitzman School of Design. 27-29 October 2022. edited by M. Akbarzadeh, D. Aviv, H. Jamelle, and R. Stuart-Smith. 172-177.
summary	The studies presented in this project employ workflows that enable multi-planar robotic bending of metal tubes with high accuracy and repeatability using a 6-axis industrial robot with a custom end-effector and external 2-axis positioner. This enables quick fabrication and assembly of complex spatial tubular configurations without the need for jigs or falsework support. The method makes possible the accurate fabrication of complex, closed polyline curve loop configurations that are topologically similar to knots in mathematical knot theory
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2024/02/06 14:06

_id	acadia23_v2_340
id	acadia23_v2_340
authors	Huang, Lee-Su; Spaw, Gregory
year	2023
title	Augmented Reality Assisted Robotic: Tube Bending
source	ACADIA 2023: Habits of the Anthropocene: Scarcity and Abundance in a Post-Material Economy [Volume 2: Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Conference for the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9891764-0-3]. Denver. 26-28 October 2023. edited by A. Crawford, N. Diniz, R. Beckett, J. Vanucchi, M. Swackhamer 340-349.
summary	The intent of this research is to study potential improvements and optimizations in the context of robotic fabrication paired with Augmented Reality (AR), leveraging the technology in the fabrication of the individual part, as well as guiding the larger assembly process. AR applications within the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry have seen constant research and development as designers, fabricators, and contractors seek methods to reduce errors, minimize waste, and optimize efficiency to lower costs (Chi, Kang, and Wang 2013). Recent advancements have made the technology very accessible and feasible for use in the field, as demonstrated by seminal projects such as the Steampunk Pavilion in Tallinn, Estonia (Jahn, Newnham, and Berg 2022). These types of projects typically improve manual craft processes. They often provide projective guidelines, and make possible complex geometries that would otherwise be painstakingly slow to complete and require decades of artisanal experience (Jahn et al. 2019). Building upon a previously developed robotic tube bending workflow, our research implements a custom AR interface to streamline the bending process for multiple, large, complex parts with many bends, providing a pre-visualization of the expected fabrication process for safety and part-verification purposes. We demonstrate the utility of this AR overlay in the part fabrication setting and in an inadvertent, human-robot, collaborative process when parts push the fabrication method past its limits. The AR technology is also used to facilitate the assembly process of a spatial installation exploring a unique aesthetic with subtle bends, loops, knots, bundles, and weaves utilizing a rigid tube material.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2024/12/20 09:12

_id	acadia23_v1_196
id	acadia23_v1_196
authors	Bao, Ding Wen; Yan, Xin; Min Xie, Yi
year	2023
title	Intelligent Form
source	ACADIA 2023: Habits of the Anthropocene: Scarcity and Abundance in a Post-Material Economy [Volume 1: Projects Catalog of the 43rd Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9860805-8-1]. Denver. 26-28 October 2023. edited by A. Crawford, N. Diniz, R. Beckett, J. Vanucchi, M. Swackhamer 196-201.
summary	InterLoop employs previously developed workflows that enable multi-planar robotic bending of metal tubes with high accuracy and repeatability (Huang and Spaw 2022). The scale and complexity is managed by employing augmented reality (AR) technology in two capacities, fabrication and assembly (Jahn et al. 2018; Jahn, Newnham, and Berg 2022). The AR display overlays part numbers, bending sequences, expected geometry, and robot movements in real time as the robot fabrication is occurring. For assembly purposes, part numbers, centerlines, and their expected positional relationships are projected via quick response (QR) codes spatially tracked by the Microsoft Hololens 2 (Microsoft 2019). This is crucial due to the length and self-similarity of complex multi-planar parts that make them difficult to distinguish and orient correctly. Leveraging augmented reality technology and robotic fabrication uncovers a novel material expression in tubular structures with bundles, knots, and interweaving (Figure 1).
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2024/04/17 13:58

_id	acadia23_v1_180
id	acadia23_v1_180
authors	Huang, Lee-Su; Spaw, Gregory
year	2023
title	InterLoop
source	ACADIA 2023: Habits of the Anthropocene: Scarcity and Abundance in a Post-Material Economy [Volume 1: Projects Catalog of the 43rd Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9860805-8-1]. Denver. 26-28 October 2023. edited by A. Crawford, N. Diniz, R. Beckett, J. Vanucchi, M. Swackhamer 180-187.
summary	InterLoop employs previously developed workflows that enable multi-planar robotic bending of metal tubes with high accuracy and repeatability (Huang and Spaw 2022). The scale and complexity is managed by employing augmented reality (AR) technology in two capacities, fabrication and assembly (Jahn et al. 2018; Jahn, Newnham, and Berg 2022). The AR display overlays part numbers, bending sequences, expected geometry, and robot movements in real time as the robot fabrication is occurring. For assembly purposes, part numbers, centerlines, and their expected positional relationships are projected via quick response (QR) codes spatially tracked by the Microsoft Hololens 2 (Microsoft 2019). This is crucial due to the length and self-similarity of complex multi-planar parts that make them difficult to distinguish and orient correctly. Leveraging augmented reality technology and robotic fabrication uncovers a novel material expression in tubular structures with bundles, knots, and interweaving (Figure 1).
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2024/04/17 13:58

_id	acadia22pr_154
id	acadia22pr_154
authors	Lok, Leslie; Zivkovic, Sasa
year	2022
title	UNLOG: A Deployable and Lightweight Timber Frame
source	ACADIA 2022: Hybrids and Haecceities [Projects Catalog of the 42nd Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9860805-7-4]. University of Pennsylvania Stuart Weitzman School of Design. 27-29 October 2022. edited by M. Akbarzadeh, D. Aviv, H. Jamelle, and R. Stuart-Smith. 154-159.
summary	Easily deployed and assembled, UNLOG unfolds several logs into an undulating and lightweight timber A-frame structure through robotic kerfing and bending-active kinematics. The installation provokes new methods of framing for timber construction.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2024/02/06 14:06

_id	ecaade2022_303
id	ecaade2022_303
authors	Papandreou, Marielena, Baseta, Efilena, Mathe, Arpan, Blackburn, Robert Michael and Murugesan, Libish
year	2022
title	Programming Twist - Exploring the geometric affordances of aluminum through flexible robotic workflows
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.2.399
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 2, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 399–408
summary	This paper explores the geometric affordances of aluminium through flexible robotic workflows. The geometric abundance of the discussed workflows goes beyond what the state-of-the-art industrial metal forming processes offer, and is achieved with simpler means. Two fabrication methodologies, folding and pressing, were explored in order to convert flat, straight panels into twisted, 3-dimensional shapes. The design method for both fabrication strategies was based on physics simulation, where several geometrical constraints force a real time deformation while maintaining the properties of a developable strip. In the first fabrication approach, directionality of the rulings is first engraved into the material while the folding angle is controlled by the robotic setup with two gripping stations. The second fabrication approach refers to a forming process. This has been achieved by installing a wheel cutter on a small workshop hydraulic press and a robot feeding the material into the forming station. The design-to-production pipelines are automated and designed for a small payload robot that allows for a large variety of geometric possibilities. Fabrication challenges of both processes have been documented and assessed, while workflow optimization scenarios and future improvements are proposed in the outlook.
keywords	Developable Strips, Physics Simulation, Design-to-Production Pipelines, Robotic Bending, Metal Forming
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	acadia22_392
id	acadia22_392
authors	Soana, Valentina; Shi, Yichao; Lin, Tongyao; Ma, Yiting; Dai, Ling
year	2022
title	LOOPS; A Mobile, Shape-Changing Architectural System: Robotically-Actuated Bending-Active Tensile Hybrid Modules
source	ACADIA 2022: Hybrids and Haecceities [Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9860805-8-1]. University of Pennsylvania Stuart Weitzman School of Design. 27-29 October 2022. edited by M. Akbarzadeh, D. Aviv, H. Jamelle, and R. Stuart-Smith. 392-405.
summary	LOOPS is a mobile and shape-changing architectural system that achieves multiple states through robotically controlled elastic material deformations. LOOPS is part of a wider research agenda on elastic robotic structures (ERS). ERS are lightweight, adaptive and can perform multiple behaviors with material and actuation efficiency, leveraging the capability of elastic materials to undertake large deformations.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2024/02/06 14:04

_id	architectural_intelligence2022_6
id	architectural_intelligence2022_6
authors	Achim Menges, Fabian Kannenberg & Christoph Zechmeister
year	2022
title	Computational co-design of fibrous architecture
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s44223-022-00004-x
source	Architectural Intelligence Journal
summary	Fibrous architecture constitutes an alternative approach to conventional building systems and established construction methods. It shows the potential to converge architectural concerns such as spatial expression and structural elegance, with urgently required resource effectiveness and material efficiency, in a genuinely computational approach. Fundamental characteristics of fibre composite are shared with fibre structures in the natural world, enabling the transfer of design principles and providing a vast repertoire of inspiration. Robotic fabrication based on coreless filament winding, a technique to deposit resin impregnated fibre filaments with only minimal formwork, as well as integrative computational design methods are imperative to the development of complex fibrous building systems. Two projects, the BUGA Fibre Pavilion as an example for long-span structures, and Maison Fibre as an example of multi-storey architecture, showcase the application of those techniques in an architectural context and highlight areas of further research opportunities. The highly interrelated aesthetic, structural and fabrication characteristics of fibre nets are difficult to understand and go beyond a designer’s comprehension and intuition. An AI powered, self-learning agent system aims to extend and thoroughly explore the design space of fibre structures to unlock the full design potential coreless filament winding offers. In order to ensure feedback between all relevant design and performance criteria and enable interdisciplinary convergence, these novel design methods are embedded in a larger co-design framework. It formalizes the interaction of involved interdisciplinary domains and allows for interactive collaboration based on a central data model, serving as a base for design optimisation and exploration. To further advance research on fibre composites in architecture, bio-based materials are considered, continuing the journey of discovery of fibrous architecture to fundamentally rethinking design and construction towards a novel, computational material culture in architecture.
series	Architectural Intelligence
email
last changed	2025/01/09 15:00

_id	acadia22_604
id	acadia22_604
authors	Adel, Arash
year	2022
title	Co-Robotic Assembly of Nonstandard Timber Structures
source	ACADIA 2022: Hybrids and Haecceities [Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9860805-8-1]. University of Pennsylvania Stuart Weitzman School of Design. 27-29 October 2022. edited by M. Akbarzadeh, D. Aviv, H. Jamelle, and R. Stuart-Smith. 604-613.
summary	This paper presents a novel approach for the construction of nonstandard timber structures made from regionally sourced short dimensional lumber, which is enabled through human-robot collaborative assembly (HRCA). To address the research question, three main research objectives are identified and experimentally explored: 1) Characterization of a comprehensive construction process, which consists of off-site HRCA of bespoke timber sub-assemblies, 2) Development of a suitable constructive system for robotic assembly, making feasible the realization of articulated structures out of short timber elements, and 3) Incorporation of these techniques and their constraints into an integrative digital design and fabrication method and implementation of a continuous digital design-to-fabrication workflow.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2024/02/06 14:04

_id	cdrf2022_89
id	cdrf2022_89
authors	Alberto Fernández González
year	2022
title	Cellular Automata, Memory and Intelligence
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8637-6_8
source	Proceedings of the 2022 DigitalFUTURES The 4st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2022)
summary	Understanding memory as the faculty by which a system stores and remembers information from the past to a new purpose with shapes that are emerging as “collective designs"(a repository of built information), this research works with the demonstration in how CA can generate a trace of its existence as memory based on the activation and deactivation of the discrete system in which grows, like a footprint in the affected area of intervention, improving a “stigmergic operation” in the field, conditioning the following steps in the collaborative growing of this basal structure. Based on sets of digital experiments, a set of CA using Langton Ants generates different solutions based on the activation and deactivation of rules according to information coming from patterns, creating spatial solutions that deal with built memory three-dimensional emergent structures.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2024/05/29 14:02

_id	acadia23_v1_136
id	acadia23_v1_136
authors	Alima, Natalia
year	2023
title	InterspeciesForms
source	ACADIA 2023: Habits of the Anthropocene: Scarcity and Abundance in a Post-Material Economy [Volume 1: Projects Catalog of the 43rd Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9860805-8-1]. Denver. 26-28 October 2023. edited by A. Crawford, N. Diniz, R. Beckett, J. Vanucchi, M. Swackhamer 136-143.
summary	The hybridization of architectural, biological and robotic agencies Situated in the field of architectural biodesign, InterspeciesForms explores a closer relationship between the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus and the designer in the creation of form. The intention of hybridizing mycelia’s agency of growth with architectural design intention is to generate novel, non-indexical crossbred designed outcomes that evolve preconceived notions of architectural form. Mycelium are threadlike fibrous root systems made up of hyphae, that form the vegetative part of a fungus (Jones 2020). Known as the hackers of the wood wide web (Simard 1997) mycelia form complex symbiotic relationships with other species that inhabit our earth. Michael Lim states “Fungi redefine resourcefulness, collaboration, resilience and symbiosis” (Lim 2022, p. 14). When wandering around the forest to connect with other species or searching for food, fungi form elaborate and entangled networks by spreading their hyphal tips. Shown in Figure 1, this living labyrinth results in the aesthetic formation of an intricate web. Due to the organisms ability to determine the most effective direction of growth, communicate with its surrounding ecosystem, and connect with other species, fungi are indeed an intelligent species with a unique aesthetic that must not be ignored. In drawing on these concepts, I refer to the organism’s ability to search for, tangle, and digest its surroundings as ‘mycelia agency of growth’. It is this specific behavioral characteristic that is the focus of this research, with which I, as the architect, set out to co-create and hybridize with.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2024/04/17 13:58

_id	cdrf2022_293
id	cdrf2022_293
authors	Amal Algamdey, Aleksander Mastalski, Angelos Chronis, Amar Gurung, Felipe Romero Vargas, German Bodenbender, and Lea Khairallah
year	2022
title	AI Urban Voids: A Data-Driven Approach to Urban Activation
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8637-6_26
source	Proceedings of the 2022 DigitalFUTURES The 4st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2022)
summary	With the development of digital technologies, big urban data is now readily available online. This opens the opportunity to utilize new data and create new relationships within multiple urban features for cities. Moreover, new computational design techniques open a new portal for architects and designers to reinterpret this urban data and provide much better-informed design decisions. The “AI Urban Voids'' project is defined as a data-driven approach to analyze and predict the strategic location for urban uses in the addition of amenities within the city. The location of these urban amenities is evaluated based on predictions and scores followed by a series of urban analyses and simulations using K-Means clustering. Furthermore, these results are then visualized in a web-based platform; likewise, the aim is to create a tool that will work on a feedback loop system that constantly updates the information. This paper explains the use of different datasets from Five cities including Melbourne, Sydney, Berlin, Warsaw, and Sao Paulo. Python, Osmx libraries and K-means clustering open the way to manipulate large data sets by introducing a collection of computational processes that can override traditional urban analysis.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2024/05/29 14:02

_id	cdrf2022_150
id	cdrf2022_150
authors	Ana Zimbarg
year	2022
title	Mapping Plant Microclimates on Building Envelope Using Environmental Analysis Tools
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8637-6_13
source	Proceedings of the 2022 DigitalFUTURES The 4st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2022)
summary	Can we build our cities not only for humans but also for all living systems? How can we consider other species occupants of the built environment? Planning cities as an element of the natural domain can reshape our relationship with nature and help redefine sustainability in architecture. Although current design strategies of reducing energy use does not rectify past/continuing im-balances in the natural environment. Landscape architect John Tillman Lyle expanded the regenerative design concept based on a range of ecological concepts. The environment's complexity, and the urge to use resources smartly, encouraged him to think about architecture and the environment as a whole system. John Lyle's regenerative design strategies scaffold a conceptual framework of treating the building as part of the landscape. Environmental tools such as Ladybug can map out the different conditions surrounding the building's envelope. This information can assist in selecting and populating a building façade with suitable plant species. The framework presents the building as a feature in the landscape, creating microclimatic conditions for various plant habitats. This conceptual workflow has the potential to become a tool to include regenerative principles in the urban context.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2024/05/29 14:02

_id	cdrf2022_478
id	cdrf2022_478
authors	Andrea Macruz, Mirko Daneluzzo, and Hind Tawaku
year	2022
title	Performative Ornament: Enhancing Humidity and Light Levels for Plants in Multispecies Design
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8637-6_41
source	Proceedings of the 2022 DigitalFUTURES The 4st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2022)
summary	The paper shifts the design conversation from a human-centered design methodology to a posthuman design, considering human and nonhuman actors. It asks how designers can incorporate a multispecies approach to creating greater intelligence and performance projects. To illustrate this, we describe a project of “ornaments” for plants, culminating from a course in an academic setting. The project methodology starts with “Thing Ethnography” analyzing the movement of a water bottle inside a house and its interaction with different objects. The relationship between water and plant was chosen to be further developed, considering water as a material to increase environmental humidity for the plant and brightness through light reflectance and refraction. 3D printed biomimetic structures as supports for water droplets were designed according to their performance and placed in different arrangements around the plant itself. Humidity levels and illuminance of the structures were measured. Ultimately, this created a new approach for working with plants and mass customization. The paper discusses the resultant evidence-based design and environmental values.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2024/05/29 14:03

_id	cdrf2022_304
id	cdrf2022_304
authors	Anni Dai
year	2022
title	Co-creation: Space Reconfiguration by Architect and Agent Simulation Based Machine Learning
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8637-6_27
source	Proceedings of the 2022 DigitalFUTURES The 4st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2022)
summary	This research is a manifestation of architectural co-creation between agent simulation based machine learning and an architect’s tacit knowledge. Instead of applying machine learning brains to agents, the author reversed the idea and applied machine learning to buildings. The project used agent simulation as a database, and trained the space to reconfigure itself based on its distance to the nearest agents. To overcome the limitations of machine learning model’s simplified solutions to complicated architectural environments, the author introduced a co-creation method, where an architect uses tacit knowledge to overwatch and have real-time control over the space reconfiguration process. This research combines both the strength of machine learning’s data-processing ability and an architect’s tacit knowledge. Through exploration of emerging technologies such as machine learning and agent simulation, the author highlights limitations in design automation. By combining an architect’s tacit knowledge with a new generation design method of agent simulation based machine learning, the author hopes to explore a new way for architects to co-create with machines.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2024/05/29 14:02

_id	sigradi2022_24
id	sigradi2022_24
authors	Aroca Vega, Cristian; Rozas Valenzuela, Sebastián
year	2022
title	Soft Architecture: Application of Soft Robotics in the Design of Responsive-Interactive Architecture
source	Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 373–384
summary	The main objective of this research is to develop a method that can integrate responsive and interactive architecture through the application of soft robotics on a façade. To achieve this objective, a review of the main concepts, adaptive architecture (responsive-interactive) and soft robotics was first carried out. Secondly, recent studies and research that speak of the application of soft robotics in architecture are analyzed. With the knowledge acquired in the analyzes and reference studies, together with the help of programming and computational design tools, a scalable physical prototype was developed that manages to integrate both types of adaptive behaviors (responsive-interactive) in a single hybrid robotic system (soft-rigid), demonstrating the potential of soft robotics in architecture, in this case being applied to be sensitive and act on changes in temperature produced by solar radiation.
keywords	Robotics, Generative Design, Adaptive architecture, Sustainable Design, Soft
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2023/05/16 16:55

_id	sigradi2022_243
id	sigradi2022_243
authors	Banda, Pablo; Carrasco-Pérez, Patricio; García-Alvarado, Rodrigo; Munoz-Sanguinetti, Claudia
year	2022
title	Planning & Design Platform of Buildings By Robotic Additive Manufacturing for Construction.
source	Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 421–430
summary	The following paper describes and comments a construction planning platform for the Additive Manufacturing of wall modules, as a set of design and planning actions that interwove robotic, material capacities and spatial characteristics. Goal here is to take semi-conventional strategy and augment the algorithmic process for design and knowledge acquisition regarding design oriented to 3D Printing Construction.
keywords	Additive Manufacturing for Construction, 3D Printing, Digital Fabrication, Parametric Design
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2023/05/16 16:56

_id	ijac202220101
id	ijac202220101
authors	Bao, Ding Wen; Xin Yan, Yi Min Xie
year	2022
title	Encoding topological optimisation logical structure rules into multi-agent system for architectural design and robotic fabrication
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2022, Vol. 20 - no. 1, pp. 7–17
summary	Natural phenomena have been explored as a source of architectural and structural design inspiration with different approaches undertaken within architecture and engineering. The research proposes a connection between two dichotomous principles: architectural complexity and structural efficiency through a hybrid of natural phenomena, topology optimisation and generative design. Both Bi-directional Evolutionary Structural Optimisation (BESO) and multi-agent algorithms are emerging technologies developed into new approaches that transform architectural and structural design, respectively, from the logic of topology optimisation and swarm intelligence. This research aims to explore a structural behaviour feedback loop in designing intricate functional forms through encoding BESO logical structure rules into the multi-agent algorithm. This research intends to study and evaluate the application of topology optimisation and multi-agent system in form-finding and later robotic fabrication through a series of prototypes. It reveals a supposition that the structural behaviour-based design method matches the beauty and function of natural appearance and structure. Thus, a new exploration of architectural design and fabrication strategy is introduced, which benefits the collab- oration among architects, engineers and manufacturers. There is the potential to seek the ornamental complexities in architectural forms and the most efficient use of material based on structural performance in the process of generating complex geometry of the building and its various elements.
keywords	Swarm intelligence, multi-agent, bi-directional evolutionary structural optimisation (BESO), intricate architectural form, efficient structure
series	journal
last changed	2024/04/17 14:29

_id	caadria2022_357
id	caadria2022_357
authors	Bedarf, Patrick, Szabo, Anna, Zanini, Michele, Heusi, Alex and Dillenburger, Benjamin
year	2022
title	Robotic 3D Printing of Mineral Foam for a Lightweight Composite Concrete Slab
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.2.061
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 61-70
summary	This paper presents the design and fabrication of a lightweight composite concrete slab prototype using 3D printing (3DP) of mineral foams. Conventionally, concrete slabs are standardized monolithic elements that are responsible for a large share of used materials and dead weight in concrete framed buildings. Optimized slab designs require less material at the expense of increasing the formwork complexity, required labour, and costs. To address these challenges, foam 3D printing (F3DP) can be used in construction as demonstrated in previous studies for lightweight facade elements. The work in this paper expands this research and uses F3DP to fabricate the freeform stay-in-place formwork components for a material-efficient lightweight ribbed concrete slab with a footprint of 2 x 1.3 m. For this advancement in scale, the robotic fabrication and material processing setup is refined and computational design strategies for the generation of advanced toolpaths developed. The presented composite of hardened mineral foam and fibre-reinforced ultra-high-performance concrete shows how custom geometries can be efficiently fabricated for geometrically complex formwork. The prototype demonstrates that optimized slabs could save up to 72% of total concrete volume and 70% weight. The discussion of results and challenges in this study provides a valuable outlook on the viability of this novel fabrication technique to foster a sustainable and resourceful future construction culture.
keywords	robotic 3d-printing, mineral foam, stay-in-place formwork, concrete composite, SDG 12
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	ecaade2022_450
id	ecaade2022_450
authors	Braumann, Johannes, Gollob, Emanuel and Singline, Karl
year	2022
title	Visual Programming for Interactive Robotic Fabrication Processes - Process flow definition in robotic fabrication
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.2.427
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 2, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 427–434
summary	Visual, flow-based programming environments in architecture and design are built to control data flow but not process flow. However, controlling the process flow is essential for interacting with robotic fabrication processes, so that they can react to input such as user interaction or sensor data. In this research, we combine two visual programming environments, utilizing Grasshopper for defining complex, robotic toolpaths, and Unity Visual Scripting for controlling the overall process flow and process interaction. Through that, we want to enable architects and designers to define more complex, interactive production processes, with accessible, bespoke user-interfaces allowing non-experts to operate these processes - a crucial step for the commercialization of innovations. This approach is evaluated in a case study that creates a mobile, urban microfactory that prototypically fabricates location-specific objects through additive manufacturing.
keywords	Visual Programming, State Machine, Industrial Robotics, Unity Visual Scripting
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

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