Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	caadria2022_503
id	caadria2022_503
authors	Yousif, Shermeen and Vermisso, Emmanouil
year	2022
title	Towards AI-Assisted Design Workflows for an Expanded Design Space
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 335-344
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.2.335
summary	The scope of this paper is to formulate and evaluate the structure of a viable design workflow that combines a variety of computational tools and uses artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance the designer‚s capacity to explore design options within an expanded design space. In light of the autonomous and progressively post-anthropocentric generative capability of recent AI strategies for architectural design, we are interested in investigating some of the challenges involved in the insertion of such AI strategies into a new generative design system, involving data curation and the placement of any AI-assisted model in the overall workflow, as well as its (AI‚s) reciprocity with other computational methods such as discrete assembly and agent-based modeling. The paper presents our interrogation of the proposed AI-assisted framework, demonstrated in experiments of formulating multiple design workflows following different strategies. The workflow strategies show that integrating AI networks into a framework with other computational tools affords a different kind of design exploration than other methods; the prospect of novel solutions is heavily dependent on the interconnectedness of such methods and the dataset curation process. Collectively, the work contributes to innovation in architectural education and practice through enhancing scientific research (in line with UN Sustainable Development Goal 9).
keywords	Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning, AI-assisted Design Workflows, Design Space Exploration, Generative Systems, SDG 9
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	ecaade2022_378
id	ecaade2022_378
authors	Dokonal, Wolfgang, Mosler, Pascal, Gehring, Maximilian and Rüppel, Uwe
year	2022
title	On the Road towards? - Developing a toolset for a low-cost VR-enhanced design approach
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 1, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 163–169
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.1.163
summary	For several years, we have been experimenting with Head Mounted Displays (HMD) being used as Virtual Reality (VR) interfaces. We tried to develop easy to use workflows for these devices so that they can be integrated into the architectural design process. Additionally, we were able to upgrade those systems with sensor boxes and designed new systems for movement control, collision detection, and additional effects for an increased feeling of immersion. Our systems focused on the use of the ultra-low-cost HMD devices and the intention was to clarify how much benefit within the design process we can achieve already at an early design phase in using this workflow without having extremely detailed models available. We experienced with our students in the past that the change from analogue design methods towards software-supported design reduced their understanding of space and scale and was therefore a negative factor in the design process. In this paper, we will focus on scripts for the game engine Unity with new functionalities that we tested with the students in two workshops.
keywords	Sense of Space, Virtual Reality, Unity Toolset
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	caadria2022_507
id	caadria2022_507
authors	Bolojan, Daniel, Vermisso, Emmanouil and Yousif, Shermeen
year	2022
title	Is Language All We Need? A Query Into Architectural Semantics Using a Multimodal Generative Workflow
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 353-362
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.1.353
summary	This project examines how interconnected artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted workflows can address the limitations of current language-based models and streamline machine-vision related tasks for architectural design. A precise relationship between text and visual feature representation is problematic and can lead to "ambiguity‚ in the interpretation of the morphological/tectonic complexity of a building. Textual representation of a design concept only addresses spatial complexity in a reductionist way, since the outcome of the design process is co-dependent on multiple interrelated systems, according to systems theory (Alexander 1968). We propose herewith a process of feature disentanglement (using low level features, i.e., composition) within an interconnected generative adversarial networks (GANs) workflow. The insertion of natural language models within the proposed workflow can help mitigate the semantic distance between different domains and guide the encoding of semantic information throughout a domain transfer process.
keywords	Neural Language Models, GAN, Domain Transfer, Design Agency, Semantic Encoding, SDG 9
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	ecaade2022_411
id	ecaade2022_411
authors	Cesar Rodrigues, Ricardo, Rubio Koga, Renan, Hitomi Hirota, Ercilia and Bertola Duarte, Rovenir
year	2022
title	Mapping Space Allocation with Artificial Intelligence - An approach towards mass customized housing units
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 2, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 631–640
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.2.631
summary	Artificial Intelligence represents a substantial part of the available tools on architectural design, especially for Space Layout Planning (SLP). At the same time, the challenge of Mass Customization (MC) is to increase the product variety while maintaining a good cost-benefit ratio. Thus, this research aims to identify new, valid, and easily understandable data patterns through human-machine interaction in an attempt to deal with the challenges of MC during the early phases of SLP. The Design Science Research method was adopted to develop a digital artifact based on deep generative models and a reverse image search engine. The results indicate that the artifact can deliver a series of design alternatives and enhance the navigation process in the solution space, besides giving key insights on dataset design for further research.
keywords	Floor plans, Generative Adversarial Networks, Mass Customization
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	ecaade2022_250
id	ecaade2022_250
authors	Garcia del Castillo y Lopez, Jose L.
year	2022
title	The Digital Touch - Towards novel modeling frameworks for robotically-enhanced marble sculpting
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 1, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 37–46
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.1.037
summary	In this paper, two case studies on digital modeling for robotically-enabled marble carving are presented. In the first one, an interactive, gesture-based modeling framework was developed to sculpt a large, undulating and ultra-thin marble surface. On the second one, an integrated 3D-scanning-to-milling solution was created, in order to groove a superficial pattern on the surface of a discarded marble boulder. The cases evidence the power of tangible interaction to serve as input to novel digitally-aided marble sculpting processes, and the capacity of integrated generative design workflows to create consistent solutions to variable conditions, in this case, with a particular focus on sustainability and reclaiming of scrap materials.
keywords	Robotic Fabrication, Generative Design, Modeling, Sculpting
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	ascaad2022_030
id	ascaad2022_030
authors	Sun, Yuan; Wang, Zhu
year	2022
title	Construction Based on Man-Machine Collaboration: A Case Study of a Bamboo Pavilion
source	Hybrid Spaces of the Metaverse - Architecture in the Age of the Metaverse: Opportunities and Potentials [10th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings] Debbieh (Lebanon) [Virtual Conference] 12-13 October 2022, pp. 503-514
summary	With the development of advanced digital design approaches and mechanical facilities, architectural intelligence liberates conventional construction from conventional paradigms. Computational design and digital fabrication have achieved progress in space innovation, construction efficiency, and material effectiveness. However, those high-tech manufacturing techniques are not widely available in developing countries, where the locals used to carry construction experience from age to age in a nonacademic way. This study explored a collaborative workflow of complex structural design and machine-aided construction in Chinese rural areas. First, we designed a bamboo pavilion parametrically in an irregular site on a hill. Second, its primary structure was optimized based on determining critical load and earthquake resistance to meet local building codes. Then, before material processing, every bamboo component was numbered by algorithm, with its location and morphological data of length and radian calculated accurately on the construction drawings. In the transitional process from the conventional paradigm by experience towards man-machine collaboration, local workers' manual techniques helped minimize construction errors and improve details, which were not adequately predicted and considered beforehand. This study case suggested that respective advantages of both traditional and digital modes should be integrated and balanced based on collaboration between local construction workers and professional researchers, especially as a social role for future vernacular architecture practice.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2024/02/16 13:24

_id	caadria2022_264
id	caadria2022_264
authors	Zhang, Garry Hangge, Meng, Leo Lin, Gardner, Nicole, Yu, Daniel and Haeusler, Matthias Hank
year	2022
title	Transit Oriented Development Assistive Interface (TODAI): A Machine Learning Powered Computational Urban Design Tool for TOD
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 253-262
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.1.253
summary	Transit-oriented Development(TOD) is widely regarded as a sustainable development paradigm for its sensible space planning and promotion of public transit access. Research in providing decision support tools of TOD may contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals, especially towards sustainable cities and communities (SDG goal 11).While the existing Geographic Information System(GIS) approach may well inform TOD planning, computational design, simulation, and visualisation techniques can further enhance this process. The research aims to provide a data-driven, computational-aided planning support system (PSS) to enhance the TOD decision-making process. The research adopts an action research methodology, which iteratively designs experiments and inquires through situating the research question in real-world practice. A work-in-progress prototype is provided - Transit-Oriented Development Assistive Interface (TODAI), along with an experiment in a newly proposed metro station in Sydney, Australia. TODAI provides real-time visualisation of urban forms and analytical data indicators reflecting key considerations relevant to TOD performance. A regressive machine learning model (XGBoost) is used to make predictions of analytical indicators, promptly producing outcomes that may otherwise require a costly computational operation.
keywords	TransUrban Planning, Transit-Oriented Development, Planning Support System, Machine Learning, SDG 11it-Oriented Development, Urban Planning, Machine Learning, Computational Design, SDG11, Sustainable Cities and Communities
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	ecaade2022_65
id	ecaade2022_65
authors	Halici, Süheyla Müge and Gül, Leman Figen
year	2022
title	Utilizing Generative Adversarial Networks for Augmenting Architectural Massing Studies: AI-assisted Mixed Reality
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 1, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 323–330
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.1.323
summary	A technique for architectural massing studies in Mixed Reality (MR) is described. Generative Adversarial Networks let an object appear to have a different material than it actually has. The benefits during design are twofold. From one side the congruence between shape and material are subject to verification in real-time. From the other side, the designer is liberated from the usual restrictions and biases as to shape that are inevitable due to the mechanical properties of a mock-up. This is referred to as artificial intelligence assisted MR (AI-A MR) in this work. The technique consists of two steps: based on preparing synthetic data in Rhino/Grasshopper to be trained with an image-to- image translation model and implemented to the trained model in MR design environment. Next to the practical merits, a contribution of the work with respect to MR methodology is that it exemplifies the solution of some persistent tracking and registration problems.
keywords	Hybrid Design Environment, Dynamic Design Models, Mixed Reality, Generative Adversarial Networks, Image-to-Image Translation, Tracking
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	caadria2022_505
id	caadria2022_505
authors	Nanasca, James and Beebe, Aaron G.
year	2022
title	Dynamic Projection
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 39-48
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.1.039
summary	Rarely are technologies of projection mapping (PM) and mixed reality (MR) used together with an architectural agenda. Dynamic Projection imagines the confluence of accessible PM and MR technologies and asks "How might we leverage the strengths of both technologies while obviating their weaknesses?‚ And then "How might this technology be of use in making architecture from within the Climate Movement?‚ First, we will examine the dormant potential of Projected MR by augmenting a physical model in an exhibition setting. The exhibition set-up deploys Unity and Vuforia to generate MR, and Mad Mapper to generate a projection mapped background space. Using this set-up reveals strengths in both technologies, which we can evaluate with a Cybernetically Enhanced Mixed Reality Framework. We can leverage this Projected MR as a suite of tools to make architecture a more active participant in the Climate Movement: for example, by augmenting buildings with statistics that could help reduce energy consumption or through the augmentation of the construction process, helping facilitate waste reduction through efficient construction. Our initial research is being expanded through development of a more versatile Projected MR platform with Dynamic Projection 02, in which we are utilizing better MR tools, more responsive PM tools, and an industrial robot to simulate various dynamic feedback systems. This expanded research design speculates on a 3-part exhibition that can respond with low latency via Projected MR controls during a public and private interactive experience.
keywords	Projection Mapping, Augmented Reality, Projected Augmented Reality, Cybernetics, Mixed Reality, Responsible Consumption and Production, Climate Action, SDG 12, SDG 13
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	caadria2022_90
id	caadria2022_90
authors	Veloso, Pedro, Rhee, Jinmo, Bidgoli, Ardavan and Ladron de Guevara, Manuel
year	2022
title	Bubble2Floor: A Pedagogical Experience With Deep Learning for Floor Plan Generation
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 373-382
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.1.373
summary	This paper reports a pedagogical experience that incorporates deep learning to design in the context of a recently created course at the Carnegie Mellon University School of Architecture. It analyses an exercise called Bubble2Floor (B2F), where students design floor plans for a multi-story row-house complex. The pipeline for B2F includes a parametric workflow to synthesise an image dataset with pairs of apartment floor plans and corresponding bubble diagrams, a modified Pix2Pix model that maps bubble diagrams to floor plan diagrams, and a computer vision workflow to translate images to the geometric model. In this pedagogical research, we provide a series of observations on challenges faced by students and how they customised different elements of B2F, to address their personal preferences and problem constraints of the housing complex as well as the obstacles from the computational workflow. Based on these observations, we conclude by emphasising the importance of training architects to be active agents in the creation of deep learning workflows and make them accessible for socially relevant and constrained design problems, such as housing.
keywords	Architectural Pedagogy, Deep Learning, Conditional GAN, Space Planning, Floor Plan, SDG 4, SDG 9
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	caadria2022_80
id	caadria2022_80
authors	Anifowose, Hassan, Yan, Wei and Dixit, Manish
year	2022
title	Interactive Virtual Construction ‚ A Case Study of Building Component Assembly towards the adoption of BIM and VR in Business and Training
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 547-556
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.2.547
summary	Present day building product manufacturers face difficulties in scaling businesses. Key decisions surrounding technology adoption are typically measured against feasibility of use and long-term profit. Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Virtual Reality (VR) provide the potential for teaching building product assembly to employees and construction contractors. This eliminates the need for deploying training personnel to job sites, reduces manufacturing carbon footprint and wastes in product samples required for training. VR content development is difficult and performance within VR applications must be near reality in order to improve adoption of such technology through training. This exploratory study investigates important factors that enhance adoption in business cases through training. We developed an innovative BIM+VR prototype for SwiftWall; a temporary wall manufacturing company, highlighting rigorous processes for in-house BIM anatomy and VR development. This paper provides a step-by-step approach to replicate the prototype. The prototype was tested in several demonstration sessions. The approximate time to install 40 linear feet of SwiftWall is 30-minutes at the simplest level. This timing is equivalent to 28 linear feet installation in 21-minutes achieved with the BIM+VR prototype demonstration. The matching timing results show a significant potential for adoption in business, improved sustainability and employee training from a time and cost-efficient standpoint. Concerns and key issues from development to deployment are discussed in detail. The BIM+VR virtual construction prototype provides adoption potential for training remote partners thereby increasing possibilities of SwiftWall scaling to distributors and product carriers across a larger geographic region.
keywords	BIM, Virtual Reality, Unity, Training, Game Design, Construction Assemblage, Construction Material, Virtual Construction, SDG 9
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	sigradi2022_211
id	sigradi2022_211
authors	Baltazar, Ana Paula; Bartholo, Beatriz; Moritani, Gustavo Jun; Paiva, Luísa; Cabral Filho, José
year	2022
title	Technological appropriations for socio-spatial transformation in Sao Gonçalo do Baçao
source	Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 847–856
summary	Based on a university teaching-research-extension experience in Sao Gonçalo do Baçao (Minas Gerais, Brazil), this article discusses the use of digital technology as a way to expand the virtual, understood as an event in latent state, as a process of problematization and not of problem solving. Three digital interfaces developed with the common goal of encouraging questioning and the exercise of autonomy from different approaches and themes are presented. The interfaces seek to articulate the Flusserian idea of 'responsibility', regarded as the act of responding to others in a way that promotes an opening for people to continue the design process dialogically. In short, the interfaces indicate possibilities provided by digital technologies and exemplify ways in which they might drive processes towards social-spatial transformation.
keywords	Interactions, Technological appropriations, Sintegrity, Socio-spatial transformation, Sao Gonçalo do Baçao
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2023/05/16 16:57

_id	acadia22_586
id	acadia22_586
authors	Bruun, Edvard P. G.; Besler, Erin; Adriaenssens, Sigrid; Parascho, Stefana
year	2022
title	ZeroWaste - Towards Computing Cooperative Robotic Sequences for the Disassembly and Reuse of Timber Frame Structures
source	ACADIA 2022: Hybrids and Haecceities [Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9860805-8-1]. University of Pennsylvania Stuart Weitzman School of Design. 27-29 October 2022. edited by M. Akbarzadeh, D. Aviv, H. Jamelle, and R. Stuart-Smith. 586-597.
summary	ZeroWaste is a project about repositioning existing timber building stock within a circular economy framework. Rather than disposing of these buildings at the end of their life, the goal is to view them as stores of valuable resources that can be readily reused. By doing this, material life cycle becomes an integral design consideration alongside planning for the efficient disassembly and reuse of these structures. In this paper, the computational workflow is presented for the first phase of the project: planning a cooperative robotic disassembly sequence for the scaffold-free removal of members from existing timber structures.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2024/03/08 13:54

_id	ecaade2022_221
id	ecaade2022_221
authors	Delikanli, Burak and Gül, Leman Figen
year	2022
title	Towards to the Hyperautomation - An integrated framework for Construction 4.0: a case of Hookbot as a distributed reconfigurable robotic assembly system
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 2, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 389–398
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.2.389
summary	Almost every technological and industrial concept changes the built environment around us and our understanding of the architectural practice. Recently, Hyperautomation, an all-encompassing digital transformation with the help of advanced techniques, has been presented as a game-changing concept that can affect any industry. Despite this promising concept, the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry seems far behind the latest technological breakthroughs and automation of processes compared to other industries. Therefore, this study provides a better understanding of adopting the novel Hyperautomation paradigm in the AEC industry by focusing on Industry 4.0. In this context, the first section introduces the Construction 4.0 concept, its counterpart in the AEC industry, briefly mentions fundamental approaches and indicates the need for a framework. The second section introduces an integrated framework throughout the entire building life-cycle for design and construction processes and exemplifies the stages in an autonomous system and their interrelationships. The third section presents a hypothetical case, a distributed reconfigurable robotic assembly system, and the assembler ‘HookBot’ to understand the relationships in an autonomous system better. The last section discusses the place of the Hyperautomation paradigm in architecture.
keywords	Autonomy, Autonomous Systems, Construction 4.0, Assembly Robotics
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	acadia23_v1_116
id	acadia23_v1_116
authors	Derme, Tiziano; Mitterberger, Daniela
year	2023
title	Sylva: An Autonomous Hydroponic Garden Cared for by Two Robots
source	ACADIA 2023: Habits of the Anthropocene: Scarcity and Abundance in a Post-Material Economy [Volume 1: Projects Catalog of the 43rd Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9860805-8-1]. Denver. 26-28 October 2023. edited by A. Crawford, N. Diniz, R. Beckett, J. Vanucchi, M. Swackhamer 116-121.
summary	Sylva is an autonomous hydroponic garden, hanging in mid-air and maintained by two robots. Sylva was built for the Princesa of Asturias Foundation in Oviedo, Spain (Figure 1). The aim of the installation was to visualize a live and growing data set in architectural and geometric terms. For this, we designed a robotic garden that changes and grows according to this dataset. This indoor habitat combined various disciplines, including botany, computer vision, robotics, and architectural design. The synthesis of these interdisciplinary components into a cohesive landscape reflects current debates on ecology and the relationship between nature, machines, and automation (Figure 2). It further investigates the role of gardens and nature in the architecture domain. Currently, such a relationship has often been associated with practices of exploitation, domination, and taming of the natural (Blais 2022). Sylva, on the contrary, sees in the typology of the garden an opportunity to expand the term “ecology in architecture” towards new forms of technological mediation ( Derme and Mitterberger 2022).
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2024/04/17 13:58

_id	ecaade2022_175
id	ecaade2022_175
authors	Di Carlo, Raffaele, Mittal, Divyae and Vesely, Ondrej
year	2022
title	Generating 3D Building Volumes for a Given Urban Context using Pix2Pix GAN
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 2, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 287–295
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.2.287
summary	Our ability to delegate the most intellectually demanding tasks to machines improves with each passing day. Even in the fields of architecture and design, which were previously thought to be exclusive domain of human creativity and flare, we are moving the first steps towards developing models that can capture the patterns, invisible to the naked eye, embedded in the creative process. These patterns reflect ideas and traditions, imprinted in the collective mind over the course of history, that can be improved upon or serve as a cautionary tale for the new generation of designers in their work of designing an equitable, more inclusive future. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) give us the opportunity to turn style and design into learnable features that can be used to automatically generate blueprints and layouts. In this study, we attempt to apply this technology to urban design and to the task of generating a building footprint and volume that fits within the surrounding built environment. We do so by developing a Pix2Pix model composed of a ResNet-6 generator and a Patch discriminator, applying it to satellite views of neighborhoods from across the Netherlands, and then turning the resulting 2D generated building footprint into a reusable 3D model. The model is trained using the national cadastral data and TU Delft 3D BAG dataset. The results show that it is possible to predict a building shape compatible in style and height with the surroundings. Although the model can be used for different applications, we use it as an evaluation tool to compare the design alternatives fitting the desired contextual patterns.
keywords	Generative Adversarial Networks, Urban Design, Pix2Pix, Raster Vectorization, 3D Rendering
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	sigradi2022_156
id	sigradi2022_156
authors	Dornelas, Wallace; Martinez, Andressa
year	2022
title	Towards a Parametric Variation of Floor Plans: a Preliminary Approach for Vertical Residential Buildings
source	Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 151–162
summary	In the context of the housing demands that respond to several family profiles, allied with the potential of the algorithmic approaches to Architecture, this paper aims to describe an exploratory process of possible solutions toward a generative system of housing distribution in vertical multifamily buildings. As a method, this work presents a parametric design process of a multifamily building, simulating a variety of shape solutions for apartment buildings, in a Grasshopper definition. The work also discusses the data transmission between the parametric modeling using Grasshopper in the Rhinoceros interface and the connection of the final design to Graphisoft’s Archicad BIM-based software. As a result, the parametric model allows several design solutions for several building shapes and contexts. For this study, to fully explore the design possibilities, we applied the method in the context of a Brazilian metropolitan city.
keywords	Generative design, Visual algorithmic design, Parametric architecture, Housing
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2023/05/16 16:55

_id	caadria2022_145
id	caadria2022_145
authors	Duering, Serjoscha, Fink, Theresa, Chronis, Angelos and Konig, Reinhard
year	2022
title	Environmental Performance Assessment - The Optimisation of High-Rises in Vienna
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 545-554
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.1.545
summary	Our cities are facing different kinds of challenges - in parallel to the urban transformation and densification, climate targets and objectives of decision-makers are on the daily agenda of planning. Therefore, the planning of new neighbourhoods and buildings in high-density areas is complex in many ways. It requires intelligent processes that automate specific aspects of planning and thus enable impact-oriented planning in the early phases. The impacts on environment, economy and society have to be considered for a sustainable planning result in order to make responsible decisions. The objective of this paper is to explore pathways towards a framework for the environmental performance assessment and the optimisation of high-rise buildings with a particular focus on processing large amounts of data in order to derive actionable insights. A development area in the urban centre of Vienna serves as case study to exemplify the potential of automated model generation and applying ML algorithm to accelerate simulation time and extend the design space of possible solutions. As a result, the generated designs are screened on the basis of their performance using a Design Space Exploration approach. The potential for optimisation is evaluated in terms of their environmental impact on the immediate environment.
keywords	simulation, prediction and evaluation, machine learning, computational modelling, digital design, high-rises, SGD 11, SDG 13
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	acadia22_662
id	acadia22_662
authors	Furgiuele, Antonio; Ergezer, Mehmet; Zaman, Cagri Hakan
year	2022
title	Towards an Adversarial Architecture
source	ACADIA 2022: Hybrids and Haecceities [Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9860805-8-1]. University of Pennsylvania Stuart Weitzman School of Design. 27-29 October 2022. edited by M. Akbarzadeh, D. Aviv, H. Jamelle, and R. Stuart-Smith. 662-671.
summary	A key technological weakness of artificial intelligence (AI) is adversarial images, a constructed form of image-noise added to an image that can manipulate machine learning algorithms but is imperceptible to humans. Adversarial Architecture explores the application of adversarial images to the built environment and develops a new method of design agency to directly engage artificial intelligence. Embedding a layer of information to physical surfaces that is only perceptible to machines has many potential applications, such as uniquely identifying and tracking objects, embedding accessibility features directly to surfaces, and counter-surveillance systems in different scales.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2024/02/06 14:04

_id	ecaade2022_396
id	ecaade2022_396
authors	Hamzaoglu, Begüm, Özkar, Mine and Aydin, Serdar
year	2022
title	Towards a Digital Practice of Historical Stone Carvings
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 2, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 227–234
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.2.227
summary	Local traditional crafts in various parts of the world are being transformed by digitalization in tandem with broader social and economic changes. Mardin, a historical and cultural hub in southeast Anatolia, presents an exemplary case with its stone architecture. Whereas the number of skilled craftsmen is diminishing, digital fabrication ateliers are increasingly in demand in the city and rising in number. Training programs have already started integrating CNC milling-based techniques. However, despite the growing interest in adapting computational processes, how the craft knowledge is documented and conveyed to multiple actors for maintaining and even increasing the quality of workmanship is yet to be explored. We present a novel way to document carving procedures and to create an inventory of the 3D motifs using cross-sections as complements to front views. The research engages end-user participants of different backgrounds, such as stone cutting technologies and architecture, with little or no practical knowledge of digital manufacturing. The work focuses on a selection of motifs from the Syriac stone carving heritage in Mardin, the documentation of which is very limited. The proposed workflow begins with recording the surface depth and the variations in the cross-section using digital scans. In the second stage, we consider the potential subtractive transformations that result in the final form and reconstruct them as milling operations with a parametric and procedural modeling approach. Various milling processes are derived by relating the shapes to the available cutting tools and materials. The study contributes to creating the inventory of an engraving culture that has lasted for hundreds of years while developing a generally applicable and transferable knowledge base to increase its sharing and dissemination in the age of digitally supported production.
keywords	Cultural Heritage, Digital Fabrication, Craft Knowledge, Digital Craft, Analog-Digital
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

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