Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	sigradi2022_8
id	sigradi2022_8
authors	Rodríguez-Velásquez, Maribel
year	2022
title	Design and publication of content as a form of sociotechnical interaction. Case study practice of social appropriation of internet #OriónNuncaMás
source	Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 935–946
summary	Digital social networks are an actor that mediates a big part of social interactions. Therefore, inclusive design should put the accent not on technology, if not, what people do with it. Under this purpose, through the ethnographic method, it characterized one of the practices of social appropriation of the internet for peace in Comuna 13 of Medellín, Colombia. As result, it is evident that the design and publication of content are a form of sociotechnical interaction that connect technology, people and social contexts, which expands the design/use relationship.
keywords	Inclusive Design, Social Appropriation, Sociotechnical Interaction, Social Network, Internet
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2023/05/16 16:57

_id	sigradi2022_224
id	sigradi2022_224
authors	Santos, Carlos Eduardo; Dias, Maria Angela; Braida, Frederico
year	2022
title	Spatial skills and the education of architecture and urbanism: use of Minecraft game for shape and geometry study
source	Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 687–698
summary	The focus of this article is to highlight the use of digital games as a tool for developing of spatial skills, due to their immersive, playful character and for generating environments with creative possibilities through a digital platform, aspects amplified in the simulated environment. As part of ongoing research, the present work presents an experience of the application of the Minecraft game in the first-year class of an Architecture and Urbanism course. As a methodology, the application took place in two meetings, in which, following the structure of Bloom's taxonomy, students developed three creative activities relating to architecture and geometry. What was observed was that the students demonstrated development in the knowledge of the geometry of the architectures studied, creating new relationships between abstract forms and the possibilities of materialization of the built environment.
keywords	Digital education, Digital games, Spatial skills, Architecture and Urbanism, Teaching Observation
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2023/05/16 16:56

_id	sigradi2022_16
id	sigradi2022_16
authors	Benros, Deborah
year	2022
title	A multilingual grammar for ‘The International Style’, and its hybrid grammar
source	Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 323–334
summary	This paper describes the proposal and results of a multilingual shape grammar to describe the designs of three architects, precursors of the ‘International Style’. A shape grammar is a generative process that allows the recreation of designs that follow a language. Grammars are useful mechanisms to describe patterns and generative processes that can be used for analysis or design exploration. Most grammars represent one language. This study focuses on three independent languages within the same movement. The proposed grammar is parametric and allows the independent recreation of each independent design. Its difficult application can be linked to the difficult evaluation process. This research proposes a quantitative and a qualitative method of grammar evaluation, using respectively Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and user questionnaires. The results are then discussed and assessed using hybrids that fall in between languages and help delineate parametric spaces.
keywords	Shape Grammars, Multilingual Grammar, Generic Shape Grammar, Hybrid grammar
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2023/05/16 16:55

_id	ecaade2022_175
id	ecaade2022_175
authors	Di Carlo, Raffaele, Mittal, Divyae and Vesely, Ondrej
year	2022
title	Generating 3D Building Volumes for a Given Urban Context using Pix2Pix GAN
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.2.287
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 2, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 287–295
summary	Our ability to delegate the most intellectually demanding tasks to machines improves with each passing day. Even in the fields of architecture and design, which were previously thought to be exclusive domain of human creativity and flare, we are moving the first steps towards developing models that can capture the patterns, invisible to the naked eye, embedded in the creative process. These patterns reflect ideas and traditions, imprinted in the collective mind over the course of history, that can be improved upon or serve as a cautionary tale for the new generation of designers in their work of designing an equitable, more inclusive future. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) give us the opportunity to turn style and design into learnable features that can be used to automatically generate blueprints and layouts. In this study, we attempt to apply this technology to urban design and to the task of generating a building footprint and volume that fits within the surrounding built environment. We do so by developing a Pix2Pix model composed of a ResNet-6 generator and a Patch discriminator, applying it to satellite views of neighborhoods from across the Netherlands, and then turning the resulting 2D generated building footprint into a reusable 3D model. The model is trained using the national cadastral data and TU Delft 3D BAG dataset. The results show that it is possible to predict a building shape compatible in style and height with the surroundings. Although the model can be used for different applications, we use it as an evaluation tool to compare the design alternatives fitting the desired contextual patterns.
keywords	Generative Adversarial Networks, Urban Design, Pix2Pix, Raster Vectorization, 3D Rendering
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	ijac202220207
id	ijac202220207
authors	Noel, Vernelle AA
year	2022
title	Computational regionalism: De-familiarization of tectonics in the wire-bending craft
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2022, Vol. 20 - no. 2, pp. 277–296
summary	Computer-based design and fabrication systems in architecture contain modes of operation and preferencesthat often constrain tectonic possibilities in design and construction. These predispositions neglect architecture’s cultural and material dimensions, resulting in universalizing tectonics that erase nuances of place,culture, and expression in design. How may we celebrate local tectonic languages while also revisiting themthrough computer-based systems in architecture? The project examined here highlights novel possibilities forcultural expression and craftsmanship through computational design methods, retaining the expressivepotential of a local craft while de-familiarizing its cultural context. I analyze how shape grammars and digitalfabrication methods deployed in design, de-familiarizes the craft of wire-bending in costuming in the TrinidadCarnival. I present and apply new rules for the craft’s computational description based on material tests andan architectural application to expand discourses on critical regionalism. I adopt Tabbarah’s term “computational regionalism” to describe this process and elaborate it as a five-step sequence. Computationalregionalism employs computational methods to translate local craft knowledge and tectonic languages intonew interpretations and poetics of construction. Its process of creative de-familiarization raises criticalquestions about the local and the universal
keywords	Computational regionalism, craft, wire-bending, Bailey-Derek grammar, de-familiarization, Trinidad Carnival, tectonics
series	journal
last changed	2024/04/17 14:29

_id	ijac202220309
id	ijac202220309
authors	Okhoya, Victor W; Marcelo Bernal; Athanassios Economou; Nirvik Saha; Robert Vaivodiss; Tzu-Chieh K Hong; John Haymaker
year	2022
title	Generative workplace and space planning in architectural practice
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2022, Vol. 20 - no. 3, pp. 645–672
summary	Generative design is emerging as an important approach for design exploration and design analysis in architectural practice. At the interior design scale, although many approaches exist, they do not meet many requirements for implementing generative design in practice. These requirements include the need for enduser accessible tools and skills, rapid execution, the use of standard inputs and outputs, and being scalable and reusable. In this paper, we describe a hybrid process that uses both space allocation and shape grammar algorithms to solve workplace and space planning interior design problems. Space allocation algorithms partition spaces according to program requirements while shape grammar automates the placement of inventory and the production of high-resolution drawings. We evaluate using three real world example projects how this hybrid approach meets the identified requirements of generative space planning in architectural practice
keywords	Generative design, shape grammar, space allocation, space planning
series	journal
last changed	2024/04/17 14:30

_id	ijac202220208
id	ijac202220208
authors	Refalian, Ghazal; Eloi Coloma; Joaquim N Moya
year	2022
title	Formal grammar methodology for digital visualization of Islamic geometric patterns
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2022, Vol. 20 - no. 2, pp. 297–315
summary	In the oriental practice of art and architecture, and among the regions under their influence, Islamic geometricpatterns (IGPs) have been widely used, not only due to aesthetics and decoration but also to make it possibleto cover wide flat surfaces, curved surface of domes, and perforated surfaces of window and partitions, withperfectly tessellated shapes. However, with advances in time and technology, these techniques could notconnect to the new technologies and benefit from the capacities of digitalization. Recent progress in scienceand technology tends to open new doors to study geometrical patterns by digitalizing the old ones anddeveloping new variations. This study looks at formal grammar and computer science to introduce a newapproach to digital visualization of available IGPs, particularly, star patterns.We investigate the potentials of developing a re-writing system for simulation of IGPs to provide a flexibleplatform, which allows introducing IGP to CAD/CAM software without previous knowledge on their designor drawing techniques. This methodology allows designers to directly develop various scenarios of IGPapplications and implement them on related CAD/CAM tools.Formal language and grammar theories, based on applied mathematics are contributing to the advancementsof computer science and digital modeling. They can provide an opportunity to express relational definitionand written equivalents of the geometries by using strings and symbols. It is supposed that by using the formalgrammar frameworks, certain languages could be developed to visualize IGPs in a machine-friendly way, andconsequently, this computational interpretation of IGPs facilitates their application and further developments,for example, regards to digital fabrication.The presented method of IGP visualization is developed as a C#-based add-on for Grasshopper in Rhino3D,one of the main modeling tools used by architects and product designers
keywords	Islamic geometric patterns, digital visualization, formal grammar, formal language, shape grammar
series	journal
last changed	2024/04/17 14:29

_id	sigradi2022_65
id	sigradi2022_65
authors	Roncoroni, Umberto
year	2022
title	Programming complex 3D meshes. A generative approach based on shape grammars.
source	Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 335–346
summary	This article summarizes the results of art based research developed thanks to a grant by the PUCP University of Lima in 2021-2022. An open source generative solution will be described, based on generative grammars, to create very complex and programmable 3D meshes. Analyzing hundreds of models generated with these algorithms, a solution was found based on the idea of “intelligent meshes”, which change their behavior during the modeling process. This is done using tags, or vertices identifiers, that, like genes, describe the topological characteristics of each vertex and its generative development during the process. Tags can be programmed interactively editing its data with tools provided by the interface or using generative grammars that allow an incredible variety of complex forms and stimulate the user creativity. The research findings also elucidate some important conceptual issues, like the importance of original technology development to defend cultural identity.
keywords	Computational creativity, Cultural identity, Generative grammars
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2023/05/16 16:55

_id	caadria2022_471
id	caadria2022_471
authors	Kim, Taehoon, Hong, Soonmin, Panya, David Stephen, Gu, Hyeongmo, Park, Hyejin, Won, Junghye and Choo, Seungyeon
year	2022
title	Development of Technology for Automatic Extraction of Architectural Plan Wall Lines for Concrete Waste Prediction Using Point Cloud
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.2.597
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 597-606
summary	Recently, as more and more projects on residential environment improvement in cities are actively carried out, the cases of demolishing or remodelling buildings has been increasing. Most of the target buildings for such projects are made of concrete. In order to reduce energy use as well as carbon emissions, the amount of concrete used as a building material should be reduced. This is because the concrete is the largest amount of construction waste, which the exact amount of concrete needs to be predicted. The architectural drawings are essential for the estimation and demolition of building waste, but the problem is that most of the old buildings' drawings do not exist. The 3D scanning process was performed to create the plans for such old buildings instead of the conventional method that is long time-consuming and labour-intensive actual measurement. In this study, we scanned 40 old houses that were scheduled to be demolished. The result showed that the 3D scanned drawings' accuracy - 99.2% - was higher than the ones measured by the conventional way. Through the algorithm developed in this study, the various processes of demolition, drawing measurement, and discarding quantity prediction can be solved in one process, thereby reducing work efficiently. And, considering the reliability of the research results, it is possible to reduce the economic loss by predicting the exact amount of waste in advance. After that, if the algorithm, developed in this study, can be further subdivided and supplemented to identify the materials for each part of the old buildings, it will be able to propose an efficient series of processes that distinguish between recyclable materials and wastes and thereby efficiently dispose of them. 0864108000
keywords	Point Cloud, Construction Waste, Parametric Design, Algorithm, Automatic Extraction, SDG 8
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	sigradi2022_7
id	sigradi2022_7
authors	Danesi Morisso, Joao Gabriel; Gitirana Gomes Ferreira, Marcelo
year	2022
title	Microinteraction study in user experience: a systematic literature review of research perspectives
source	Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 583–594
summary	To broaden the understanding of what has been studied on the topic of microinteractions in human-computer interaction, this article conducts an exploratory study to survey the scientific production in articles and dissertations that work with the microinteractions framework, by Saffer (2013), applied to the scope of the user experience. As a method, a systematic literature review is proposed. For this, the following scientific bases are used: Scopus Elsevier, Capes Periodicals, EBSCO and Proquest. From the perspective of design and human-computer interaction, the quantity and approaches used are investigated. Of the 731 scientific works found, 14 were filtered and selected to compose the panorama of scientific research in microinteractions. The article brings the main approaches used in microinteractions research that focus on user experience in the last decade and points out perspectives on how to investigate microinteractions in future academic research.
keywords	User experience, Microinteractions, Human-computer interaction, Systematic review, UX
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2023/05/16 16:56

_id	ecaade2022_398
id	ecaade2022_398
authors	Dzurilla, Dalibor and Achten, Henri
year	2022
title	What’s Happening to Architectural Sketching? - Interviewing architects about transformation from traditional to digital architectural sketching as a communicational tool with clients
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.1.389
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 1, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 389–398
summary	The paper discusses 23 interviewed architects in practice about the role of traditional and digital sketching (human-computer interaction) in communication with the client. They were selected from 1995 to 2018 (the interval of graduation) from three different countries: the Czech Republic (CR), Slovakia (SR), Netherland (NR). To realize three blending areas that impact the approach to sketching: (I) Traditional hand and physical model studies (1995-2003). (II)Transition form - designing by hand and PC (2004–2017). (III) Mainly digital and remote forms of designing (2018–now). Interviews helped transform 31 “parameters of tools use” from the previous theoretical framework narrowed down into six main areas: (1) Implementation; (2)Affordability; (3)Timesaving; (4) Drawing support; (5) Representativeness; (6) Transportability. Paper discusses findings from interviewees: (A) Implementation issues are above time and price. (B) Strongly different understanding of what digital sketching is. From drawing in Google Slides by mouse to sketching in Metaverse. (C) Substantial reduction of traditional sketching (down to a total of 3% of the time) at the expense of growing responsibilities. (D) 80% of respondents do not recommend sketching in front of the client. Also, other interesting findings are further described in the discussion.
keywords	Architectural Sketch, Digital Sketch, Effective Visual Communication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	caadria2022_490
id	caadria2022_490
authors	Li, Ce, Guo, Zhe, Cai, Chengzhi, Miao, Junyi, Cao, Xiaoyu, Li, Cong, Guo, Yefei, Cao, Qingning, Zheng, Zifei, Guo, Yuchen, Wu, Wanling, Xu, Zhiyan and Zhou, Xinyan
year	2022
title	Softness and Hardness: What Does Concrete Want? Concrete Physical Form Finding Based on Computational Combined Formwork
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.2.233
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 233-242
summary	This project proposes a physical form finding design method by generating concrete flexible formwork through digital algorithm, which aims to explore the potential formal correlation between real material as the medium of transmitting information in physical space and virtual data, so as to discuss the autonomy and intelligence of material under the support of digital design technology. The first part of this paper first discusses the current situation of the application and development of concrete materials in the field of digital construction in recent years, and then studies the adaptability of flexible formwork to the flowable characteristics of concrete materials; Then, the second part puts forward the moulding method of concrete physical shape finding through flexible and rigid composite formwork, and tries to explore the influence of formwork shape under the control of digital algorithm on this process; The third part of the paper records the process of concrete moulding experiment under this method to discuss the internal relationship between the physical form of concrete and combined formwork.
keywords	Physical Form Finding, Textile Concrete Formwork, Material Attributes, Concrete Fabrication, SDG 9
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	cdrf2022_244
id	cdrf2022_244
authors	Miric Ljubica
year	2022
title	Collective Intelligence and Effects of Anticipation
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8637-6_21
source	Proceedings of the 2022 DigitalFUTURES The 4st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2022)
summary	Based on the extrapolation of contemporary theories that mind is a prediction machine, this paper points out the repetitive nature of the prediction parameters of collective intelligence anticipation scenarios and questions the hybridity of fears and desires regarding the evolution of artificial intelligence. Through the analysis of mnemonic principles of remembrance it combines the ancient technique of the art of memory with the contemporary views on the dynamics of perceptions in order to establish a link between the spatial constructs and their rapid expansion through the presence of the digital medium while in parallel suggesting an approach to the integration of the necessity for a more sophisticated systems of artificial intelligence into the collective intelligence. The main question of this paper is whether the anticipation of the future results in the creation of such a future, can a prediction-based interaction between man and machine govern its outcome? In order to attempt to develop potential new methods of integrating an idea of a different, more neutral outcome, the focus will be on the characteristics of perception that surpass the influenced, emotional response, and the observation of the general, innate human mechanisms of alignment. Through the study of the principles of memory the aim of this paper is to ask whether the individual comprehension of space and time as disengaged in given examples can in fact produce a system of ideas compatible in its nature to that of the machine itself. What are the main aspects of both human and machine that would stem their hybridity, and how should the collective intelligence adapt to enable the interlink?
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2024/05/29 14:02

_id	sigradi2022_6
id	sigradi2022_6
authors	Abu-Aridah, Dima; Ligler, Heather
year	2022
title	From Shelter to Home: Transformation Grammar of Housing Units in Irbid Refugee Camp
source	Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 311–322
summary	This paper presents research on the design challenges in refugee camps where “temporary" shelters often evolve into permanent homes and larger communities. These transformations convey an informal design process, a phenomenon evident in Irbid Camp for Palestinian refugees in Jordan. To study this site and design process in detail, shape rules based on the transformation of ten individual housing units are developed, with consideration of area and growth limitations inside the refugee camp. The Irbid Camp Grammar reveals a modular, grid-based logic at play in the incremental and spontaneous design of refugee housing from temporary shelters to permanent homes. This study is one step forward in helping us understand how formalizing this growth logic can contribute to the design of better emergency housing interventions in the future.
keywords	Shape grammars, Emergency housing, Refugee housing, Housing transformation, Informal settlements
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2023/05/16 16:55

_id	caadria2022_277
id	caadria2022_277
authors	Akbar, Zuardin, Wood, Dylan, Kiesewetter, Laura, Menges, Achim and Wortmann, Thomas
year	2022
title	A Data-Driven Workflow for Modelling Self-Shaping Wood Bilayer, Utilizing Natural Material Variations with Machine Vision and Machine Learning
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.1.393
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 393-402
summary	This paper develops a workflow to train machine learning (ML) models with a small dataset from physical samples to predict the curvatures of self-shaping wood bilayers based on local variations in the grain. In contrast to state-of-the-art predictive models, specifically 1.) a 2D Timoshenko model and 2.) a 3D numerical model with a rheological model, our method accounts for natural and unavoidable material variations. In this paper, we only focus on local grain variations as the main driver for curvatures in small-scale material samples. We extracted a feature matrix from grain images of active and passive layers as a Grey Level Co-Occurrence Matrix and used it as the input for our ML models. We also analysed the impact of grain variations on the feature matrix. We trained and tested several tree-based regression models with different features. The models achieved very accurate predictions for curvatures in each sample (R;0.9) and extend the range of parameters that is incalculable by a Timoshenko model. This research contributes to the material-efficient design of weather-responsive shape-changing wood structures by further leveraging the use of natural material features and explainable data-driven modelling and extends the topic in ML for material behaviour-driven design among the CAADRIA community.
keywords	data-driven model, machine learning, material programming, smart material, timber structure, SDG 12
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	caadria2022_47
id	caadria2022_47
authors	An, Yudi
year	2022
title	Impact of Covid-19 on Associations between Land Use and Bike-Sharing Usage
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.1.605
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 605-614
summary	Bike-sharing as a human-centred, zero-emission, sustainable, alternative, and easily accessible transport mode has been implemented globally and consistently contributing to communities and the environment by alleviating consumption of natural sources, traffic congestion, and air pollution, which is considered a solution for future cities. The appearance of Covid-19 significantly impacts public transportation modes, including the bike-sharing system. The intention of this study was to investigate the spatiotemporal impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on associations between urban factors and bike-sharing usage in Los Angeles, United States, by analysing a sizeable actual trip dataset and employing geographically weighted regression (GWR) models. GWR was conducted for examining the varying spatial association between bike infrastructure, public transport, and urban land use factors, and bike-sharing trip volume. The results indicated that bike-sharing usage significantly decreased during the pandemic and essential service as restaurant was found consistently and positively associated with bike-sharing use. GWR provided clear spatial patterns of bike usage based on urban land use and big user databases. The outcomes of this study could inspire policymakers and shared mobility operators to support these safe, sustainable transport alters (such as rebalancing bike stations), help city resilience, and shape a sustainable future of mobility in the post-Covid-19 era.
keywords	Bike-Sharing, Covid-19, Land Use, Geographically Weighted Regression, Big Data, SDG 11
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	ecaade2022_312
id	ecaade2022_312
authors	Bhagat, Puja and Gursoy, Benay
year	2022
title	Stretch – 3D Print – Release: Formal descriptions of shape-change in 3D printed shapes on stretched fabrics
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.1.301
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 1, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 301–310
summary	Researchers have previously explored 3D printing 2D shapes on stretched fabrics using plastic filaments. When released, the 3D printed plastic constrains the fabric to take a 3D form. By leveraging the material properties and resultant tension between the rigid plastic and pliable fabric, it is possible to create 3D forms which would otherwise be difficult to construct with traditional fabrication techniques. Multiple factors are in play in this shape-change. Therefore, it is often difficult to anticipate the 3D form that will emerge when the stretched fabric is released. In this paper, we present our systematic bottom-up explorations on the effects of various parameters on shape-change and formalize our findings as rules. These rules help to visualize the interrelations between (abstract) shapes designed for 3D printing, (material) shapes 3D printed on stretched fabric, and (material) shapes that emerge when the fabric is released. The rules also help to explore design possibilities with this technique in a more controlled, communicable, and repeatable way. We also present a series of vaulted forms that we generated using these rules and by stretching - 3D printing - releasing the fabric.
keywords	Material Computing, Shape-change, Adaptive Architecture, Digital Fabrication, 3D Printing on Textiles
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	ecaade2022_125
id	ecaade2022_125
authors	Chen, Emily, Lu, Glenn, Barnik, Lyric and Correa, David
year	2022
title	Fast and Reversible Bistable Hygroscopic Actuators for Architectural Applications Based on Plant Movement Strategies
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.1.261
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 1, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 261–270
summary	Plant movement is of great inspiration for the development of actuators in architectural applications. Since plants lack muscles, they have developed unique hygroscopic mechanisms that use specialized tissue to generate movement in response to stimuli such as touch, light, temperature, or gravity. Most research in architecture has been focused on the stress-induced bending that can be achieved with a bilayer structure – particularly using wood composites and bi-metals. The speed of these mechanisms is mostly limited by the rules of bilayers, as described by Timoshenko, and the speed of moisture/heat diffusion. This paper presents methods to use bistable mechanisms, and their elastic instability, to enable rapid movements of “snap-through” buckling that can greatly improve the speed of transformation. The research covers biomimetic studies on the Mimosa pudica, Oxalis triangularis, and the Maranta leuconeura to develop hygroscopic mechanisms whose kinematic actuation can be amplified through the integration of a bi- stable system. The presented mechanisms make it possible to significantly increase the speed of response of the hygroscopically driven mechanism while maintaining the ability to operate over several reversible cycles. Calibration of the mechanism to specific relative humidity conditions is presented together with some initial prototypes with the potential for manual override strategies. It is the aim of this combined approach that the actuation mechanisms are better able to match users’ expectations of fast shape-change actuation in relation to environmental changes.
keywords	Stimulus-Responsive, Biomimetics, Hygroscopic, Elastic Instability, Actuators
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	sigradi2022_235
id	sigradi2022_235
authors	Costa de Jesus, Christian; Chokyu, Margaret; Gomes, Rafael
year	2022
title	School Grammar: An Exploration on Computational Processes in Architecture
source	Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 359–370
summary	Standard design for schools in underdeveloped countries seems to be the key to lowering the cost of the whole building process, from design to construction. But since it might not be suitable for different situations, the range of each design is limited. This paper presents a parametric algorithm intended to provide mass customized Architectural solutions for school buildings. A Shape Grammar based methodology for customized school designs is proposed. A set of rules is defined based on chosen characteristics in a corpus of analysis and then is implemented in an open-source modeling software. The algorithm proposed is able to provide solutions for different lots and number of students assisted.
keywords	Shape Grammars, School Architecture, Mass Customized Design, Design Methods, Open-Source Software
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2023/05/16 16:55

_id	sigradi2022_177
id	sigradi2022_177
authors	Daher, Cassio; Ruschel, Regina
year	2022
title	Performance predictive metamodel for dynamic facade shading
source	Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 199–210
summary	Dynamic shading compositions present a challenge for computer simulation of illuminance performance still in the design phase of the project. Such architectural elements have a conflicting function, shading without blocking natural light. The evaluations of these dynamic elements present an infinity of parameters and several combinations, resulting in compositional complexity and making it difficult to read and understand the performance. The objective of this research is to identify the optimized positioning of dynamic facade shading elements. The dependent variable to be analyzed is the annual average illuminance. The algorithm that creates the shape of the Shoebox and manipulates the independent variables is the same that performs the annual daylight assessment. Simulation results are the metamodel input data, Machine Learning is used for the optimization. The contribution of this research is to test the set of results of the independent variables, training an algorithm capable of replacing the simulation.
keywords	Machine Learning, Metamodel, Dynamic Facade, Performance Evaluation
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2023/05/16 16:55

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