Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ecaade2023_387
id	ecaade2023_387
authors	Huang, Sheng-Yang, Llabres-Valls, Enriqueta, Tabony, Aiman and Castillo, Luis Carlos
year	2023
title	Damascus House: Exploring the connectionist embodiment of the Islamic environmental intelligence by design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.871
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 1, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 871–880
summary	Past studies have demonstrated that connectionist artificial intelligence (AI) has superior capabilities for style-based generative design because it automatically searches, extracts, and applies features according to the data-represented probabilistic profile of an architectural style. To further navigate its architectural affordance, this practice-led research project explores employing connectionist artificial intelligence to produce Islamic-style architectural forms that have historically revealed environmental intelligence by embedding sociocultural factors in response to the physical and human environmental design heritage. The project applies the Pix2Pix model and inverts the logic of some existing studies to predict the building plans from daylight maps. Use multi-objective optimisation algorithms to iteratively optimise factors such as building porosity, spatial quality, and microclimate, and use it as a condition to apply a Pix2Pix to generate a corresponding porosity model that is parametrised for the further design process. The model was trained on 120 augmented, paired images based on the 30 selected examples of Islamic architecture from the Damascus Atlas to capture the relationship between the massing distribution of walls and the arrangement of major elements in an Islamic courtyard house and its thermal performance. This study seeks to test if connectionist AI can be used as a generative design tool to understand the historical development of spatial relationships in Islamic courtyard houses. It focuses on non-repetitive style metrics, embedding physical and cultural factors into data representation. The resulting environmentally intelligent model adapts to the context, with optimisation being a pragmatic design guide rather than the ultimate goal. Although the inference is based on objective probabilistic facts, the influence of the informational framework interpreted by the designers must be acknowledged.
keywords	Connectionist Artificial Intelligence, Digital Design, Environmental Intelligence, Islamic Architecture, Style-based Generative Design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	sigradi2023_74
id	sigradi2023_74
authors	Mariano, Pedro Oscar Pizzetti and Vaz, Carlos Eduardo Verzola
year	2023
title	Generation Model Based on Multicriteria Performance: Applicability in Single-Family Residences of Social Interest
source	García Amen, F, Goni Fitipaldo, A L and Armagno Gentile, Á (eds.), Accelerated Landscapes - Proceedings of the XXVII International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2023), Punta del Este, Maldonado, Uruguay, 29 November - 1 December 2023, pp. 1071–1083
summary	This research aims to develop a prototype of a generation model based on the performance of multiple criteria that can autonomously create single-family projects of social interest. The use of this model aims to help choose the best results, balance performance indices, and identify the most appropriate solution to a design problem. This research is driven by the introduction of new computational techniques to the design process and the need for more theoretical research to better understand these new practices. The proposed model was executed in visual programming software in three stages of creation and testing, each with a specific objective. The model makes it possible to generate and analyze housing of social interest through multiple criteria and to produce discussions about the use of the tool. Demonstrating that its use allows helping explain the design decisions by bringing models and data previously not considered or visualized.
keywords	Performance Model, Multicriteria, Architectural Design, Social Interest Housing.
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2024/03/08 14:08

_id	acadia23_v2_560
id	acadia23_v2_560
authors	Saldana Ochoa, Karla; Huang, Lee-Su; Guo, Zifeng; Bokhari, Adil
year	2023
title	Playing Dimensions: Images / Models / Maps: Conceptualizing Architecture with Big Data and Artificial Intelligence
source	ACADIA 2023: Habits of the Anthropocene: Scarcity and Abundance in a Post-Material Economy [Volume 2: Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Conference for the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9891764-0-3]. Denver. 26-28 October 2023. edited by A. Crawford, N. Diniz, R. Beckett, J. Vanucchi, M. Swackhamer 560-568.
summary	This article presents a novel architecture design workflow that explores the intersection of Big Data, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and storytelling by scraping, encoding, and mapping data, which can then be implemented through Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies. In contrast to conventional approaches that consider AI solely as an optimization tool, this workflow embraces AI as an instrument for critical thinking and idea generation. Rather than creating new AI models, this workflow encourages architects to experiment with existing ones as part of their practice. The workflow revolves around the concept of ""Canonical architecture,"" where data-driven techniques serve to traverse dimensions and representations, encompassing text, images, and 3D objects. The data utilized consists of information specific to the project, gathered from social media posts, including both images and text, which provide insights into user needs and site charac- teristics. Additionally, roughly 9,000 3D models of architectural details extracted from 38 different architectural projects were used. The primary objective is to assist architects in developing a workflow that does not suggest starting from scratch or a tabula rasa, but to work with already hyper-connected objects, be it text, images, 3D models, et cetera. These conceptualizations can then be enacted in game engines and/or experimented with in AR/ VR platforms, while keeping their connections alive. Through this process, the framework aims to develop a sensibility of working with large amounts of data without losing focus, and letting the electric grounds of the internet help us in articulating projects.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2024/12/20 09:13

_id	caadria2023_260
id	caadria2023_260
authors	van Ameijde, Jeroen, Cheng, Sifan and Wang, Haowen
year	2023
title	Data-Driven Urban Research Tools Within Design Education: New Perspectives on Complex Urban Data and Processes
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.2.341
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 341–350
summary	The rapid development of information and communication technologies and their increasing integration within the built environment have enabled a wide range of research opportunities grouped under a new discipline of urban science. The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in urban design education, however, has mostly focused on advances in computing and data science tools, while complex urban issues such as sustainability, health and social development call for more integrated approaches to urban research and design. This paper reports on the development of a toolkit of analytical methods for urban studies, introduced within a postgraduate research and design studio. The enhanced processes of teaching and learning explored multi-source urban data and geospatial analysis, to help students to better understand site conditions, urban development patterns and resident behaviour, gaining a deeper understanding of the social processes that constitute urban neighbourhoods. The data-driven analysis methods helped obtain evidence-based insights into public space usage, reflecting on different stakeholder interests and their influence on the material and immaterial structures of the city. The project shows how data-based urban design pedagogy can respond to social science issues, to bridge the gap between urban research and planning practice and support the conception of more sustainable urban design outcomes.
keywords	Data-Driven Urban Research, Design Education, Big Data Analytics
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	caadria2023_15
id	caadria2023_15
authors	Wu, Wei and Chen, Qi Ning
year	2023
title	A Framework for Predicting the Visual and Non-Visual Effects of Daylighting Based on Multi-Objective Optimization Tool
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.2.361
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 361–370
summary	Many studies have shown that the non-visual effects of daylighting have a positive effect on human physiological health. However, due to non-visual effects are different from visual effects in spectral distribution, influencing factors and evaluation standards, the existing lighting simulation software cannot satisfy both visual and non-visual evaluation simultaneously. Based on a review of the latest non-visual studies, the research team developed a climate-based simulation framework devised to investigate both the visual and non-visual effects of daylighting in buildings simultaneously by using multi-objective optimization tool. The simulation framework integrates four functional modules, including boundary conditions input, simulation of visual and non-visual effects, multi-objective optimization calculation, and result output and analysis. A total of 12 computing components are written through Ghpython for data processing and visual expression. The applicability of the simulation framework is demonstrated using a real standardized classroom in Nanjing, P.R. China. The simulation framework generated three optimal daylight design schemes, which significantly improved indoor visual and non-visual effects of daylight. The results suggest that the framework can be used to assess the performance of various daylighting design strategies which simultaneously consider visual and non-visual effects.
keywords	Daylighting, Visual and non-visual effects, Simulation framework, Multi-objective optimization tool
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	ecaade2023_426
id	ecaade2023_426
authors	Adelzadeh, Amin, Karimian-Aliabadi, Hamed and Robeller, Christopher
year	2023
title	Wave-edge Modeling Method for Segmented Timber Plate Shell Structures: A computational tool for optimizing the bonding area of CLT joints
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.1.301
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 1, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 301–310
summary	The paper presents an algorithmic modeling tool for segmented timber shell structures made of glued wave-edge CLT plates. The goal is to provide a larger bonding area and thereby higher adhesive strength between plates, especially where a higher tension-resistant capacity is required. In addition to a number of contemporary research for exploring stereotomic modules, the inspiration is taken from the long history of the traditional glued finger joints in carpentry where they are used for providing higher interlocking capacity and adhesive strength. The structural performance of regular and glued finger joints is directly proportional to the bonding area between adjoining elements where they are interlocked and glued. Hence, expanding the shared faces would intrinsically magnify the structural performance of the glued finger joints. The paper presents the modeling method of a material-efficient, grain-informed, and structurally-optimized wedge edge joint system for the multi-shaped shell structures where the wave pattern is chosen for generating smoother fabrication toolpaths compared to any sharp-cornered pattern. The algorithm developed by the authors can efficiently maximize the glue bond by optimizing the wave-edge properties dynamically with respect to the geometric design, material system, and structural analysis within a feedback loop. The wave-edge properties directly affect the material waste and fabrication time and cost; therefore, the production parameters could be directly considered and controlled within the design process. The algorithm is able to produce the structural data model for the direct RFEM structural analysis, and fabrication data for automated production of multitude elements. The paper argues the application possibilities and limitations of the joint system for multi-shaped timber plate shells made of a multitude of geometrically-differentiated timber plates.
keywords	Algorithmic Design, Wave-edge Joint System, CLT, Shell Structure, Timber Prefabrication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	caadria2023_70
id	caadria2023_70
authors	Al-Douri, Firas, Yan, Wei and Jahic, Edin
year	2023
title	Campusim: An Integrated Parametric BIM for Campus Design Simulation and Optimization
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.2.471
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 471–480
summary	Although simulation models have been recently employed to model and examine pedestrian behavior in urban areas, comparable research has not been pursued in campus environments despite their importance as a critical area of inquiry. Those models' paucity and methodological limitations suggest investigating new research and design strategies to objectively assess and describe how the qualities of campus spaces and zones influence human behavior and, hence, predict the patterns of users' interaction and space usage. Those patterns and their impact on health have been pointed out as critical to the relationship among public space and quality of life due to Covid-19. There is an urgent need to develop decision support tools that would support interactive design processes and enhance the quality of open space design in terms of sense of space, place-making, and user interaction. To that goal, this study has proposed the integrated parametric BIM-based campus life simulation "CampuSIM" as a method for parametrization of the qualities of pedestrian campus zones and spaces. The study proposed the use of multi-objective optimization methods to fulfill various campus quantifiable and non-quantifiable design objectives. The significance of the proposed tool will result from its potential application in a wide range of complex, dynamic pedestrian behavior scenarios such as flows, social simulations, and design.
keywords	Campus Modelling, Campus Master Planning, Campus Design, Parametric Modelling, BIM, Design Optimization
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	ecaade2023_51
id	ecaade2023_51
authors	Aman, Jayedi, Kim, Jong Bum and Verniz, Debora
year	2023
title	AI-Integrated Urban Building Energy Simulation: A framework to forecast the morphological impact on daylight availability
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.369
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 2, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 369–378
summary	The research presents a computational framework to investigate the relationship between urban morphology and environmental performance metrics of buildings. Understanding how buildings interact with their surroundings is crucial in optimizing environmental performance. Current urban building energy simulation methods (UBES) often overlook the complex interaction between urban morphology and environmental performance across a diverse set of attributes, resulting in inaccuracies. The proposed framework integrates machine learning (ML) with physics-based simulations and includes Parametric Building Information Modeling, iterative physics-based simulations, Multi-Objective Optimization, and a graph neural network. The framework leverages the detailed analysis capabilities of physics-based simulations and the data processing strengths of ML to analyze urban morphological attributes. Evaluations indicate that the framework enhances prediction accuracy while considering the influence of urban morphology on environmental performance.
keywords	Urban Morphology, Urban Building Energy Modeling, Graph Neural Networks, Sustainable Urban Development, Environmental Performance, Multi-objective Optimization
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	caadria2023_172
id	caadria2023_172
authors	Bachtiar, Naomi Marcelle and Ortner, F. Peter
year	2023
title	A Multiplayer Game for Participatory Planning
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.2.421
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 421–430
summary	This paper presents a digital urban design game, ’Katakita’, as a tool for multiple non-expert participants to generate options for equitable transit-oriented development in Jakarta. It is set in the context of the ongoing MRT development and addresses the risk of transit-induced displacement for the lower income group. A preliminary study is done on the risk level of displacement based on historical data of displacement and vulnerable communities are then mapped out. The potential of using a game as a platform for discussion, evaluation and consensus-building is investigated in this paper. The game permits players to choose different roles to play and make design decisions by placing various building blocks in the multiplayer environment. Game scores such as equitability and profitability are tracked to encourage discussions and negotiations. Game session consisting of participants with relevant profiles has been conducted and results of which will be shared in this paper.
keywords	Participatory Planning, Serious Games, Game Design, Multi-criteria Decision Making, Optimisation, Urban Design
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	sigradi2023_87
id	sigradi2023_87
authors	Bhagat, Puja, Bhoite, Gautami, Shethiya, Mehul, Erdine, Elif and Showkatbakhsh, Milad
year	2023
title	Rapid Deployable Shell Structures: Bi-layer Bending Systems for Pop-Up Architectural Morphologies
source	García Amen, F, Goni Fitipaldo, A L and Armagno Gentile, Á (eds.), Accelerated Landscapes - Proceedings of the XXVII International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2023), Punta del Este, Maldonado, Uruguay, 29 November - 1 December 2023, pp. 1241–1252
summary	Architects have often employed nature as a tool for design. However, it is not until recently nature has been examined as a system of complex mechanisms. This area of study is known as Biomimetics. This research situates itself within this field by deeply investigating one such biological system, the bi-layer bending mechanism in coiling tendrils, and exploring its relevance in architectural design. This mechanism uniquely integrates the flexibility of pliable materials with the strength of rigid materials to create rapid curling responses when stimulated. When this mechanism is translated into an architectural system, it provides the opportunity to leverage two opposing materials to create self-bending structures. Particularly, the authors found a great advantage in utilizing this system for rapidly deployable shell structures. The inventive use of this bending mechanism creates bespoke morphologies with a few simple elements, creating versatile solutions which can adapt to various conditions. Through this research, the authors investigate this mechanism in a design setting and explore its potential applications at an architectural scale. This work highlights the significance of the application of biological principles in the architecture and design discipline.
keywords	Biomimetics, Bio-digital design, Bi-layer bending system, Deployable architecture, Multi-objective optimization
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2024/03/08 14:08

_id	sigradi2023_404
id	sigradi2023_404
authors	Carvalho, Tainah, Becker, Newton, Guedes, Joana, Medeiros, Joao Victor, Deodato, Joao Pedro and Appleyard, Maria
year	2023
title	Landscape Information Modeling for vulnerable landscape recovery: the case of Bom Jardim in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
source	García Amen, F, Goni Fitipaldo, A L and Armagno Gentile, Á (eds.), Accelerated Landscapes - Proceedings of the XXVII International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2023), Punta del Este, Maldonado, Uruguay, 29 November - 1 December 2023, pp. 113–124
summary	Even with the difficulty of implementing NBS for EbA as a solution due to the inconsistent documentation of past experiences and heavy dependence on local, ecological and social conditions, would it be possible to implement NBS that incorporate the needs of each place? This paper shows the experience of the implementation of a NBS in an urban area, in the context of “Present City Project”, using parametric modeling to simulate outcomes during the planning process. The algorithm used inputs to develop a multi-criteria analysis capable of translating urban complexity. The result of this process is a comprehensive map identifying the most efficient locations for implementing GI based on the provided data and the streets suitable for interventions with NBS as well as their water absorption capacity. Throughout the process of submitting the "Present City Project," the algorithm played a pivotal role as an essential tool for raising public awareness.
keywords	Parametric Analysis, Nature Based Solutions, Landscape Information Modeling, Sustainable Design, Water Resources
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2024/03/08 14:06

_id	ascaad2023_035
id	ascaad2023_035
authors	Cheng, Chi-Li ; Nagakura, Takehiko; Tsai, Daniel
year	2023
title	A Synergy of AI Observation and Design Tool: Leveraging Multifaceted AI Techniques for Encoding Human Behaviors and Stories in Space
source	C+++: Computation, Culture, and Context – Proceedings of the 11th International Conference of the Arab Society for Computation in Architecture, Art and Design (ASCAAD), University of Petra, Amman, Jordan [Hybrid Conference] 7-9 November 2023, pp. 502-516.
summary	This paper presents an innovative AI-powered tool aimed at revolutionizing observational methods in architectural design. Its primary objective is to bridge the existing gap between designers and AI predictions, streamlining and enhancing the design process. The tool facilitates the creation of dynamic visualizations that predict human behaviours within 3D design models, adapting seamlessly to design alterations. This prototype showcases the potential for efficient AI-assisted design. The core of our system consists of an AI model that trains on data related to human behavior within environmental contexts. Our user-friendly interface empowers designers to interact dynamically with their 3D modelling tool, akin to playing an interactive chess game. Designers can populate their models with human characters, and the system, in turn, predicts the likely activities of these characters. Observational techniques are pivotal in architectural design, drawing inspiration from influential works such as those by Alexander and Whyte. They provide a comprehensive understanding of how spaces can foster human interaction and help architects, designers, and urban planners make informed decisions that enhance user-friendliness. Nevertheless, two key challenges hinder the effective utilization of this data. Firstly, there is a lack of an intuitive interface that seamlessly integrates with existing tools. Designers often struggle to translate the information into design parameters and interpret the data effectively. Secondly, architects must adapt to evolving living environments and cultural shifts, necessitating real-time observations. However, time constraints and biases impede this process. A solution allowing designers to easily update their data is imperative. Our system comprises three integral components: a pre-trained model adaptable to specific locations, depth prediction and segmentation models for spatial comprehension, and a recognition model for user-designed structures. These features, combined with a user-friendly interface, empower designers to interact intuitively with their models, facilitating more informed and responsive design decisions.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2024/02/13 14:34

_id	ecaaderis2023_34
id	ecaaderis2023_34
authors	Daleyev, Dalel, Rasoulzadeh, Shervin, Kilian, Martin, Raffaelli, Matteo, Hartmann, Dominik and Kovacic, Iva
year	2023
title	A Novel Approach of Structural Modeling, Analysis and Optimization of Bearing Parts in Free-Formed Arc-Like Geometry Reconstructed from 4D Sketches
source	De Luca, F, Lykouras, I and Wurzer, G (eds.), Proceedings of the 9th eCAADe Regional International Symposium, TalTech, 15 - 16 June 2023, pp. 69–78
summary	Sketching is often used as the main approach in design of free-formed structures in very early stages of planning. Chosen materials for bearing and non-bearing parts and results of structural analysis can decisively affect the shape and form of planned geometry. The structural modelling, following finite element (FE) analysis and structural design can be very time-consuming due to still weakly regulated building information modelling (BIM) data exchange of free-formed structures. This paper describes a novel approach of structural modelling, analysis, and multi-objective optimization (MOO) of bearing elements of free-formed geometry sketched within a developed 4D semantic, mixed reality application MRSketch. The shapes of individual elements are computed from the recovered curve network and comprising boundary curves, aiming for smooth transitions and less deviation to the sketched strokes. The focus of this paper lays on the test case in which a free-form voluminous arc-like structure (similar to BUGA pavilion) has been thoroughly sketched in MRSketch. The computed geometry of the above-mentioned form is used for the structural analysis and MOO, whereby 3 different material and structure types are studied: monolithic concrete shell, plywood timber panels, and steel framework. The MOO process takes place with the goal of minimizing used material masses and de-flection of the structure. The ultimate and serviceability limit state´s (ULS and SLS) criteria acc. to Eurocodes represent MOO-constraints. Lastly, a large-scale estimate of the CO2 balance of the 3 above-mentioned construction´s variants is compiled and compared.
keywords	Concept Design, Curve Networks, Parametric Modeling, Structural Optimization, Numerical Optimization
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/02/05 14:28

_id	ecaaderis2023_57
id	ecaaderis2023_57
authors	De Luca, Francesco and Lykouras, Ioannis
year	2023
title	RIS2023 front matter
source	De Luca, F, Lykouras, I and Wurzer, G (eds.), Proceedings of the 9th eCAADe Regional International Symposium, TalTech, 15 - 16 June 2023, pp. 1–14
summary	Nowadays, sustainability is in the agenda of most of the countries and international organizations. Among the 17 Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations, Goal 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities sets specific targets for cities to adopt solutions for inclusion, safety, resource efficiency, resilience, mitigation and adaptation to climate change. Furthermore, it is increasingly evident among designers and researchers that design methods and solutions doing less harm or with a neutral effect on the environment are not sufficient anymore. A holistic approach is necessary in designing for a positive effect on climate change, resource depletion, human health and natural systems as a whole to develop sustainable architecture design solutions as well as regenerative and resilient cities. Computational design allows us to develop workflows considering the built environment, humans and natural systems as a whole, by integrating simulations such as climatic, environmental, materiality, energy, behavior and use, and performances such as energy balance, usability, structural, fabrication, comfort, health, and costs, at multiple scales. The symposium and workshops reflected and experimented new concepts, methods, and solutions to create a positive impact on the urban environment and the city, but also on humans and the natural environment, taking advantage of the potential of computational design to integrate performance-driven and simulation-based workflows. Furthermore, the objective of the symposium was to explore the potential of computational design in proposing a new architectural paradigm through performance and simulation. Particular emphasis has been given to research showing innovative holistic, multi-disciplinary, multi-domain, multi-scale, and multi- objective approaches to guide and support the scientific and design community at large to design sustainable cities and communities.
keywords	Parametric Design, Simulations, Architecture, Urban Design, Environmental Design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/02/05 14:28

_id	caadria2023_305
id	caadria2023_305
authors	Deshpande, Rutvik, Vijay Patel, Sayjel, Weijenberg, Camiel, Nisztuk, Maciej, Corcuera, Miriam, Luo, Jianxi and Zhu, Qihao
year	2023
title	Generative Pre-Trained Transformers for 15-Minute City Design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.1.595
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 595–604
summary	Cities globally are adopting “The 15-Minute City” as an urban response to various crises, including the Covid-19 Pandemic and climate change. However, the challenge of linking location-specific requirements with potential design solutions hinders its effective implementation. To bridge this gap, this paper introduces a novel urban 15 Minute City concept generation tool that applies an artificial intelligence (AI) method called a pre-trained language model (PLM). The PLM model was fine-tuned with structured examples based on 15-Minute City principles. Using a PLM, the tool maps 15-Minute City concepts to a location and project specific prompt, automatically generating neighbourhood design concepts in the form of natural language.
keywords	15-Minute City, neighbourhood design, data-driven design, urban design, natural language generation, Generative Pre-trained Transformer
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	ascaad2023_081
id	ascaad2023_081
authors	Farr, Marcus
year	2023
title	Gravity-Driven Sand Dynamics: A Technique for Optimizing Self-Organizing Dune Sand Patterns using Pouring, Gravity and Multi-Objective Computation
source	C+++: Computation, Culture, and Context – Proceedings of the 11th International Conference of the Arab Society for Computation in Architecture, Art and Design (ASCAAD), University of Petra, Amman, Jordan [Hybrid Conference] 7-9 November 2023, pp. 365-381.
summary	The paper offers an in-depth review of a digital/analog process for making sand-based patterns that can be computationally optimized as panels. These systems are intended for desert environments featuring dune sand as a primary material context. The paper discusses how the self-organization of dune sand can create patterns for shading and become computationally optimized for potential architectural outcomes in the form of a weather-responsive panel. Evolutionary computation assists in the methodology for performative design by incorporating weather-based analytics for sun, UV, heat, and wind. The methodology allows for material optimization that results in a series of design options that are highly responsive to local desert conditions using dune sand as the primary material. It begins with experiments in self-organizing sand sequences based on naturally occurring dune sand configurations. It then isolates the self-organizing characteristics atop localized laser-cut planes that allow the sand to pour and pile into specific configurations. The opening size and the number of openings were then studied, and configurations were frozen with a binder and used in a manifold of physical surface sequences. The project employs an optimization of these sand configurations based on the best possible arrangements for the size and number of openings that generate self-organized piles in a demonstrated desert location. The role of this computational and material process adds to the current dialogue of designing in extreme arid environments and aligns with the UN sustainability goals for sustainable communities, climate action, responsible consumption and production.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2024/02/13 14:40

_id	acadia23_v2_242
id	acadia23_v2_242
authors	Hoenerloh, Aileen; Arnardottir, Thora; Bridgens, Ben; Dade-Robertson, Martyn
year	2023
title	Living Morphogenesis: Bacteria-Driven Form Exploration through Aeration Scaffolding
source	ACADIA 2023: Habits of the Anthropocene: Scarcity and Abundance in a Post-Material Economy [Volume 2: Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Conference for the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9891764-0-3]. Denver. 26-28 October 2023. edited by A. Crawford, N. Diniz, R. Beckett, J. Vanucchi, M. Swackhamer 242-255.
summary	Increasing interest in living materials has pushed scientists and designers to explore the potential of fungi, algae, yeast, and bacteria as part of the fabrication process. The microbially-produced biopolymer, bacterial cellulose (BC), shows great potential as an alternative building material due to its high durability, tensile strength, moisture resistance, and lightweight nature. Current BC fabrication methods primarily involve post-processing the naturally forming flat material after its growth phase. This research investigates an approach into co-designing with cellulose-producing bacteria to explore its morphogenetic tendencies in order to create intricate 3-dimensional forms. This paper looks at a fabrication approach that diverges from conventional BC material production towards form-finding by creating explorative methods that guide BC formation through the control of airflow. We present an experimental workflow with a bacteria and yeast that employs a strategy to identify parameters for guiding the morphological development of BC. To capture the form of the delicate material samples, a multi-step preservation process was developed, providing data on both the external and internal structure of the material. Photographic documentation of the growth process enabled the categorization of bacterial behavior in response to distinct environmental stimuli. Based on these obser- vations, a set of design principles was established to allow us to predict the morphological development of BC growth within a bioreactor. These experiments address a new type of unconventional computational approach to form-finding by studying the native growth mechanism of living bacteria, and offering a new perspective on our design engagement with these processes.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2024/12/20 09:12

_id	ecaade2023_55
id	ecaade2023_55
authors	Ismail, Ahmed and Marin, Philippe
year	2023
title	Direct data flows as alternative to file-based Exchanges in AEC: A comparative case study of two plugin developments
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.1.263
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 1, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 263–272
summary	In this article, we examine two ways of establishing direct links between different digital tools, based on two plugins developed as part of a larger research. The objective of the research is to explore alternative ways of exchanging data by the means of free and direct data flows. The research methodology consists of linking theory and practice. Firstly, it consists of studying the current state of interoperability in AEC through literature review, to define the theoretical frame. It focuses on the particular use-case of interoperability between design actors (architects), and fabrication actors (suppliers). Secondly, as a practical application, it studies the development of two plugins. Both plugins establish design-to-fabrication workflows with the means of direct data flows, based on open-source solutions. The aim of this paper is to compare the primary results of the two plugins, currently under development. The comparison addresses both practice-related and technical aspects. This assessment analyses different interoperability needs and the efficiency of the developed tools as a solution to the initial problem of interoperability. The results provide guidance for future developments and give suggestions for possible improvements. By providing new protocols for data exchange, this research uses software development as a tool to target the initial research problem.
keywords	Data exchange, interoperability, industrial engineering, AEC, Direct Dataflow, software development, Open Source
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	ecaade2023_272
id	ecaade2023_272
authors	Jorge, Leonardo, Eyesen, Carolina and Beirao, José Nuno
year	2023
title	Design Cost Analysis in a BIM/VPI Framework
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.217
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 2, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 217–226
summary	This paper aims to investigate the relations between architectural quality and financial feasibility of the design for constructing a sustainable environment. how is it possible to make the architect a protagonist of the design decision-making process, in which the financial impact on the final result is often most valued? The design process is often the stage of conflicting processes, and in particular, most requirements aiming at design sustainability usually collide with the financial plan and investment feasibility. How can the architect manage these conflicting requirements at early stages of the design process and keep track of their impacts as the design progresses in detail? During the design process, the architect is responsible to generate options seeking to meet the objectives of the stakeholders, while balancing multiple criteria such as sustainability requirements, cost, aesthetics and other. The set of design objectives must not impair the other qualities of the building or subjugate them to the final cost. In this way, we propose a digital tool to assist the architect, based on customer feedback, in different stages of the architectural project. Considering that financial feasibility is an essential design objective, the architect can operate a central role in this process, by balancing design decisions. The method consisted of (1) definition of the calculation models, (2) computational implementation of the tool (composed of a BIM modeling tool and an evaluation module), and (3) carrying out the case study. Initially, we present the framework, with an approach to the different stages of the project, systematized in LOD. Then, the different calculation models were implemented in a BIM/VPI environment, following a modular structure. We show a case study based on a housing project. Finally, we implemented the tool in a professional environment. Once a design program and a maximum investment value is defined for that program, the tool allows to confront construction cost and sustainability objectives (e.g.: designing a nZEB - netZero Energy Building) along the design process at different levels of detail. The flowchart for our BIM/VPI algorithm is presented and discussed in regard to its possible contributions to the production of more sustainable environments.
keywords	Performance-based Design, Collaborative/Multi-disciplinary Design, Building Information Modelling, LOD, Algorithmic and Parametric Design, Decision-making
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	ecaade2023_14
id	ecaade2023_14
authors	Karoji, Gen
year	2023
title	A Data-Oriented Optimization Framework
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.127
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 2, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 127–136
summary	Design optimization using the Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm (MOEA) has still been studied, progressed well, and used to improve building performance. Besides, floor plan generation that is the problem of fitting several rooms into an outline given beforehand has recently been studied well using machine learning models. Although the building performance and a floor plan intimately relate, they are rarely combined in one optimization framework. A separation of these problems often forces users to manually explore accurate floor plans in a solution space or limit optimizing the building performance following certain machine learning methods and its dataset. We mainly focused on these issues and developed a custom-made model that contains association rule mining and the cosine similarity formula extracted from machine learning methods. This model of lazy learning is added to an MOEA-based optimization framework and outputs the total cosine similarity between each generated floor plan and the referred plans dynamically selected from our dataset, and the framework maximizes it. We applied this framework to a case study on generating eco-conscious office building designs that will enable them to convert easily in the future. This paper elaborates on how to create a dataset and formulation for optimization, and we emphasize the plausibility of floor plan generation. Finally, we demonstrated the efficiency of the framework by comparing the performance indicators of optimization.
keywords	Floor Plan Generation, Association Rule Mining, Lazy Learning, Design Optimization, Resilient Design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

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