Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	cdrf2023_235
id	cdrf2023_235
authors	Mohsen Kafaei, Jane Burry, Mehrnoush Latifi, Joseph Ciorciari
year	2023
title	Designing a Systematic Experiment to Investigate the Effect of Ambient Smell on Human Emotions in the Indoor Space; Introducing a Mixed-Method Approach
source	Proceedings of the 2023 DigitalFUTURES The 5st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2023)
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8405-3_20
summary	Studies have indicated that built environments affect all aspects of human life such as emotion, perception, behavior, health, and well-being (Cooper et al. 2011). Built environments are formed from the combination and juxtaposition of visible and invisible environmental variables. In recent years, common techniques such as virtual reality, augmented reality, digital twins, and artificial intelligence have enabled researchers in the field of architecture and urban design to simulate environmental conditions to investigate the impacts of environmental variables on humans. However, the studies conducted in this field of human comfort are mostly focused on the impact of environmental variables such as form, temperature, humidity, and sound, and in fewer studies, up-to-date methods and technologies have been used to simulate and investigate the impact of smell on humans. Most of the studies that have investigated the effect of ambient smell on humans, carried out in the discipline of architecture and urban design, have used traditional tools and methods (questionnaire, interview, observation) rather than advanced technology and tools drawing on neuroscientific knowledge and technique to measure the effectiveness of the ambient smell on human. They have used unmasked scents or real-world environments rather than being able to simulate environmental conditions. This article highlights the significance and necessity of employing simulation methods to investigate the impact of environmental smells on humans. Additionally, it presents the methodology of an experiment for studying the effect of indoor environment smells (with a case study of an office environment in the initial phases) on human emotions, utilizing a mixed-method approach. Analysis of some parts of the data from this experiment showed that exposure to the fragrance of the jasmine flower pleasant (flower) and the odor of the rotten orange peel (unpleasant) can cause changes in the electroencephalography (EEG) power across different bands among participants.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2024/05/29 14:04

_id	ecaade2023_123
id	ecaade2023_123
authors	Kyropoulou, Mili, Subramaniam, Sarith, Tobin, Michael F. and Hoffmann, Sabine
year	2023
title	Modeling Photosynthetically Active Radiation using a Spectrally Weighted Raytracing Approach
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 2, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 239–248
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.239
summary	Green infrastructure in cities is associated with numerous benefits, such as decreasing temperatures, mitigating urban heat islands, improving air quality and thermal comfort, reducing energy consumption, and improving quality of life. Although including urban green areas in cities is often presented as a viable design strategy, the feasibility of establishing specific vegetation types within geometrically complex microclimates resulting from solar exposure differences is often disregarded. This article presents the development of a methodology to generate annual estimates of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in outdoor spaces. The methodology employs the Radiance raytracing system and custom scripts to calculate hourly averages of PAR in terms of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) using a novel wavelength-based calculation. A computational tool was developed which can provide light availability in PPFD and be converted to daily light integral (DLI), a variable commonly used to assess plant growth potential. A case study demonstrates the importance of the geographic location, the sky conditions, and the definition of the growing season for optimum utilization of the tool. Urban farmers, city planners, and landscape designers can benefit from this computational method that provides modeled light conditions to inform plant selection, especially within a dense urban environment.
keywords	Photosynthetically Active Radiation, Solar Radiation Modeling, Urban Microclimate, Urban Greening
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	cdrf2023_284
id	cdrf2023_284
authors	Qi Zhang, Linxue Li, Nan Ma, Yunxiang Shan, William W. Braham
year	2023
title	Characterizing the Solution Space of Building Shading System Through Computational and Parametric Feed-Forward Design Approach
source	Proceedings of the 2023 DigitalFUTURES The 5st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2023)
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8405-3_24
summary	Building shading systems play an important role in controlling solar heat gains, which can mitigate the impact of climate change on indoor environment. Effectively reducing cooling demand in summer and heating demand in winter requests further development of seasonally regulated shading systems. The main problem is to find a way that consumes less energy while reaching better comfort, which demonstrates potential for conducting an extensive search to parametrize configuration of shading. This paper aims to investigate the effects of building shading systems on energy and thermal performance in different seasonal conditions through a parametric design method, using Baoshan station in Shanghai, China as a case study to establish a baseline model and test different shading components’ direction, depth, spacing, and tilt angle. The method explores a large solution space at the beginning of design, establishing a variety of approaches that can inform the architectural design team. The results showed that a proper passive shading system can reduce energy consumption by about 13% while thermal comfort meets ASHRAE 55 standards. This finding indicates the possibility of improving the indoor thermal comfort while lessening building energy consumption.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2024/05/29 14:04

_id	ascaad2023_125
id	ascaad2023_125
authors	Shata, Dina; Omrani, Sara; Drogemuller, Robin; Denman, Simon; Wagdy, Ayman
year	2023
title	Segmented Rooftop Dataset Generation: A Simplified Approach for Harnessing Solar Power Potential Using Aerial Imagery and Point Cloud Data
source	C+++: Computation, Culture, and Context – Proceedings of the 11th International Conference of the Arab Society for Computation in Architecture, Art and Design (ASCAAD), University of Petra, Amman, Jordan [Hybrid Conference] 7-9 November 2023, pp. 134-153.
summary	With rising global energy demands and climate change concerns, solar energy has gained traction as a sustainable source. However, optimal utilization of solar systems relies on accurately determining rooftop solar potential. This research presents a simplified methodology to generate a comprehensive dataset of segmented rooftops using publicly available aerial imagery and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) point cloud data. The primary objective is to enable precise prediction of solar photovoltaic (PV) capacity on residential rooftops by extracting key geometric features. The proposed approach first preprocesses raw LiDAR data to isolate building points and generates 3D mesh models of rooftops. A mesh analysis technique computes surface normal and tilt angles, stored as RGB images. Masks derived from the 3D meshes are combined with high-resolution aerial photos to extract cropped rooftop image segments. This overcomes the limitations of manually labelling imagery or relying on scarce 3D city models. The resulting dataset provides critical training and validation inputs for developing machine learning models to assess rooftop solar potential. An initial sample dataset of over 1100 residential rooftops in Brisbane, Australia was created to demonstrate the methodology's effectiveness. The workflow is structured, scalable and replicable, facilitating expansion across larger regions to generate big datasets encompassing diverse rooftop configurations. Overall, this research presents an efficient automated solution to harness essential dataset for training Deep Learning models. It holds significant potential to drive solar PV prediction, enabling the optimization of renewable energy systems and progressing sustainability goals.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2024/02/13 14:41

_id	ecaaderis2023_57
id	ecaaderis2023_57
authors	De Luca, Francesco and Lykouras, Ioannis
year	2023
title	RIS2023 front matter
source	De Luca, F, Lykouras, I and Wurzer, G (eds.), Proceedings of the 9th eCAADe Regional International Symposium, TalTech, 15 - 16 June 2023, pp. 1–14
summary	Nowadays, sustainability is in the agenda of most of the countries and international organizations. Among the 17 Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations, Goal 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities sets specific targets for cities to adopt solutions for inclusion, safety, resource efficiency, resilience, mitigation and adaptation to climate change. Furthermore, it is increasingly evident among designers and researchers that design methods and solutions doing less harm or with a neutral effect on the environment are not sufficient anymore. A holistic approach is necessary in designing for a positive effect on climate change, resource depletion, human health and natural systems as a whole to develop sustainable architecture design solutions as well as regenerative and resilient cities. Computational design allows us to develop workflows considering the built environment, humans and natural systems as a whole, by integrating simulations such as climatic, environmental, materiality, energy, behavior and use, and performances such as energy balance, usability, structural, fabrication, comfort, health, and costs, at multiple scales. The symposium and workshops reflected and experimented new concepts, methods, and solutions to create a positive impact on the urban environment and the city, but also on humans and the natural environment, taking advantage of the potential of computational design to integrate performance-driven and simulation-based workflows. Furthermore, the objective of the symposium was to explore the potential of computational design in proposing a new architectural paradigm through performance and simulation. Particular emphasis has been given to research showing innovative holistic, multi-disciplinary, multi-domain, multi-scale, and multi- objective approaches to guide and support the scientific and design community at large to design sustainable cities and communities.
keywords	Parametric Design, Simulations, Architecture, Urban Design, Environmental Design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/02/05 14:28

_id	caadria2023_329
id	caadria2023_329
authors	Hao, Xinyuan and Tong, Ziyu
year	2023
title	Identifying the Effect of Wind Condition on Canopy Urban Heat Island: A Case Study in Nanjing
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 623–632
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.2.623
summary	The canopy urban heat island (CUHI) stands for the phenomenon where the air temperature in an urban area is significantly higher than in a suburban area. Identifying CUHIs and their pattern can improve the health and comfort of urban residents. However, previous studies have focused more on surface urban heat island (SUHI) yet lacking a proper quantification tool for canopy heat islands. This study integrates local climate zone (LCZ), urban form classification data, and anthropogenic heat to quantify the canopy temperature, so as to analyze the distribution of CUHIs as well as the relation with wind condition. The case study of Nanjing selects the weather data representing days with different wind directions, uses WRF to simulate local air temperatures and wind speeds and directions, and analyses the influence of wind on CUHI through comparison. The results show that: 1) in the case of Nanjing, wind direction within 50-90° increases CUHI and leads to a continuous rise in air temperature; 2) when the wind direction falls in some specific ranges, the overall CUHI area significantly shrinks. In short, this paper shows how wind condition affects CUHI, which contributes to predicting CUHI and reducing the risk of heat exposure to urban populations, and provides guidance for urban management and design.
keywords	Canopy urban heat island (CUHI), wind condition, weather research and forecasting (WRF), local climate zone (LCZ)
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	ecaade2023_144
id	ecaade2023_144
authors	Irsyad, Naufal Andi, Alkadri, Miktha Farid, De Luca, Francesco, Arif, Muhammad and Heinzelmann, Florian
year	2023
title	Tropical Responsive Envelopes for Urban Heat Island mitigation in tropical countries
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 2, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 249–258
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.249
summary	Since tropical countries present wet and dry seasons all year round, the objective of solar envelopes significantly shifts and aims to minimize the penetration of direct sun access to the buildings, due to high temperatures. As a consequence, the air conditioner (AC) frequently becomes a short-term solution to mitigate a building’s temperature, which unfortunately contributes to an annual increase in energy consumption. Accordingly, shading conditions become considerably relevant for urban form generation in tropical contexts, especially to reduce the UHI effect for tropical high-rise building areas. The concept of tropical responsive envelopes is then proposed not only to create shading for adjacent buildings but also to perform self-building protection that refers to self-shading envelopes. This concept specifically deals with solar-radiation reduction in order to achieve appropriate daylight in both the proposed building and the surrounding context. To do so, a solar protection plane and ray tracing analysis are performed based on shading performance criteria. In parallel, solar radiation simulation is applied to identify potential solar collectors on the building surfaces. This provides architects with a comprehensive method of tackling passive solar design strategy for urban equatorial climates
keywords	Solar Envelopes, Shading Envelopes, Self-shading Envelopes, Tropical Responsive Envelopes
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	ascaad2023_034
id	ascaad2023_034
authors	Kamal, Maria; Hosny, Samir; Assem, Ayman; Fathy, Fatma
year	2023
title	Computational Optimization of Architectural Space Planning
source	C+++: Computation, Culture, and Context – Proceedings of the 11th International Conference of the Arab Society for Computation in Architecture, Art and Design (ASCAAD), University of Petra, Amman, Jordan [Hybrid Conference] 7-9 November 2023, pp. 732-749.
summary	Automated space layout planning has been a long-standing problem in the field of computer-aided design. The challenge lies in generating an optimal space design that has a well-defined vision and a multitude of competing objectives and evaluation measures. Computational approaches assisted designers in exploring design solutions and fulfilling some non-geometric goals more effectively and efficiently. However, quantifying spatial qualities for computational representations is challenging, especially where a multitude of interrelated objectives are needed to be met, such as wayfinding, maximizing views to outside, maximizing visibility, and minimizing travel, alongside the functional relations of the spaces with each other. Moreover, there could be a change in these intended objectives, which requires space design adaptation. Thus, there is a need for more flexible, fast, and automated design tools to be used in the design process. This paper presents a framework to generate optimal architectural space planning solutions through an interactive design system that takes geometrical, topological, and performance goals and design constraints as input. This system is based on data structure representations combined with evaluation and optimization algorithms and a parametric representation. Through a theoretical and analytical inductive study of the previous research in this field, defined steps for a computational approach for space planning optimization was proposed by presenting architect-friendly tools and graphics to simplify producing realistic optimal solutions for the required space planning problems.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2024/02/13 14:34

_id	ijac202321303
id	ijac202321303
authors	Marschall, Max G; J Pablo Sepulveda Corradini
year	2023
title	An industry case study using parametric modelling to facilitate Passive House design
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2023, Vol. 21 - no. 3, 421–444
summary	A Passive House’s airtight, well-insulated building envelope can lower operating energy use but also increase the possibility of overheating during the summer. The Passive House Planning Package (PHPP) Excel modelling tool for Passive Houses treats the entire structure as a single thermal zone; this simplification may be in part to blame for the instrument’s poor capacity to forecast the risk of overheating. The current study offers new information on two subjects. First, we compare PHPP’s overheating evaluation method to that of the Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers’ (CIBSE) ‘TM59’ standard, which involves conducting dynamic energy modelling at the room level. Our results support the idea that PHPP underestimates overheating. In the analysed case, glazing solar heat gain coefficient, and air change rate were some of the most crucial factors affecting compliance. Second, we highlight the usefulness of parametric design for compliance.
keywords	Passive house, social housing, energyplus modelling, passive house planning package modelling, overheating risk, parametric modelling, data visualisation
series	journal
last changed	2024/04/17 14:30

_id	ecaade2023_205
id	ecaade2023_205
authors	Meeran, Ahmed and Joyce, Sam
year	2023
title	Rethinking Airport Spatial Analysis and Design: A GAN based data driven approach using latent space exploration on aerial imagery for adaptive airport planning
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 2, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 501–510
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.501
summary	Airports require long term planning, balancing estimations of future demand against available airfield land and site constraints. This is becoming more critical with climate change and the transition to sustainable aviation fuelling infrastructure. This paper demonstrates a novel procedure using Satellite Imagery and Generative Learning to aid in the comparative analysis and early-stage airfield design. Our workflow uses a GAN trained on 2000 images of airports transforming them into a high-dimensional latent space capturing the typologies’ large-scale features. Using a process of projection and dimensional-reduction methods we can locate real-world airport images in the generative latent space and vice-versa. With this capability we can perform comparative “neighbour” analysis at scale based on spatial similarity of features like airfield configuration, and surrounding context. Using this low-dimensional 3D ‘airport designs space’ with meaningful markers provided by existing airports allows for ‘what if’ modelling, such as visualizing an airport on a site without one, modifying an existing airport towards another target airport, or exploring changes in terrain, such as due to climate change or urban development. We present this method a new way to undertake case study, site identification and analysis, as well as undertake speculative design powered by typology informed ML generation, which can be applied to any typologies which could use aerial images to categorize them.
keywords	Airport Development, Machine Learning, GAN, High Dimensional Analysis, Parametric Space Exploration, tSNE, Latent Space Exploration, Data Driven Planning
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	ecaaderis2023_17
id	ecaaderis2023_17
authors	Migla, Lana, Lebedeva, Kristina, Bebre, Guna and Kaljusmaa, Liisa-Maria
year	2023
title	An Experimental Investigation of Latent Heat Storage for Solar cooling Systems using Paraffin Wax
source	De Luca, F, Lykouras, I and Wurzer, G (eds.), Proceedings of the 9th eCAADe Regional International Symposium, TalTech, 15 - 16 June 2023, pp. 55–60
summary	Latent heat thermal energy storage units employ phase change materials to store and release heat at a nearly constant temperature, ensure high heat transfer efficiency, as well as high charge and discharge capacity. Phase change materials (PCMs), allow a more compact, efficient, and therefore economical system to operate. Thermal Energy Storage (TES) systems are of growing importance within the energy awareness, because of TES can reduce the levelized cost of electricity of solar cooling systems. This paper proposes a comprehensive methodology where simulations were performed to demonstrate the phase change process of paraffin wax and to improve the effect of PCM modules on the heat transfer process. PCM modules were tested in the laboratory, then their impact on thermal energy storage were determinate. The rise of COP of solar absorption cooling system was calculated.
keywords	Solar energy, solar cooling, thermal energy storage, phase change material (PCM), latent heat
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/02/05 14:28

_id	ecaade2023_359
id	ecaade2023_359
authors	Parthenios, Panagiotis, Karagianni, Anna, Geropanta, Vassiliki, Tzortzakakis, Alexandros, Kalimeris, Stavros, Dania, Panagiota and Delintadakis, Charalampos
year	2023
title	A collaborative Virtual Reality platform for Opera Rehearsal: Designing for performing arts
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 1, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 681–690
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.1.681
summary	Virtual Reality (VR) has made dynamic inroads into the performing arts world and has accelerated dramatically over time . Many Opera Theaters have used VR to bring new audiences into the Opera, to produce special content suitable for VR, and to create the ground for new learning experiences. Lately VR is also used to improve opera workflows to improve productivity and efficiency, but is rarely used as a tool for pre premiere rehearsals. This research considers how VR may be used to transform traditional opera work preparations into an immersive, interactive, and work experience and presents the methodology for the implementation of a collaborative VR Rehearsal Platform. In partnership with the Greek National Opera and the Digital Media Lab, several focus groups that consist of opera professionals and researchers collaborate, to develop a digital world where the directors, soloists, conductors, stage designers, light designers and chorus masters collaborate as if being on the stage. Inside the VR environment with the optimized models of the sets imported in pieces as library objects, ready to be altered, switched or saved for reuse enriched with light renderings and textures. The findings assert the importance of creating an immersive experience for all key players to mitigate the difficulties that stand in the preparation of any opera play such as luck of rehearsals on the final sets, control and safe implementation of stage and light design, last minute changes in materials or opera set parts among others. As a result it is suggested that the VR Rehearsal platform Operas can enhance key player collaboration ahead of time, improve their environmental impact and budget by eliminating flight travel for rehearsals, reducing raw materials, waste and mistakes, and use the platform for educational purposes.
keywords	Opera, Rehearsal, Virtual Reality, Collaborative, Performing Arts
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	ecaade2023_305
id	ecaade2023_305
authors	Shen, Yanting, Xu, Yiwen, Kong, Weikang, Fei, Fan, Chen, Xilong, Huang, Chenyu and Yao, Jiawei
year	2023
title	Using GeoAI to Reveal the Contribution of Urban Park Green Space Features to Mitigate the Heat Island Effect
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 2, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 49–58
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.049
summary	Although urban parks have a mitigating effect on the urban heat island phenomenon, it remains unclear how different types of green spaces contribute differentially to this effect. The problem can be addressed through the integration of geographic information and AI, forming GeoAI technologies and methods. This study takes the green spaces within the Outer Ring of Shanghai as an example to explore the interaction between various features of green parks and cooling effects. We extracted information on 2,118 major urban park green spaces through GIS, and obtained LST and NDVI data by inverting Landsat 8-OLI remote sensing images. Then, we further used SVM to label and identify underlying features of ground, water surfaces, grasslands, trees etc. to establish an urban park database. In UHI analysis, we defined the buffer zone using the ERM method, and the temperature difference obtained was used as the dependent variable for cooling intensity. In terms of data analysis, scikit-learn and Shapley Additive Explanation revealed the contributions of various indicators of park green spaces to alleviating the UHI. Using GeoAI, we combine geographic spatial science and Explainable AI. we established a thermal comfort evaluation model for park green spaces. We found that the area, NDVI, and surrounding FAR of green spaces have a significant impact on cooling intensity, and other indicators such as area, NDVI, TP, and LP also have a certain effective range. This mechanism of influence will provide important directional recommendations for decision-makers in the initial planning and design of future urban park green spaces.
keywords	UHI, Green Space, GIS, GeoAI, Machining Learning
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	ijac202321304
id	ijac202321304
authors	Wang, Likai; Ting Luo; Tong Shao; Guohua Ji
year	2023
title	Reverse passive strategy exploration for building massing design-An optimization-aided approach
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2023, Vol. 21 - no. 3, 445–461
summary	In building massing design, using passive design strategies is a critical approach to reducing energy consumption while offering comfortable indoor environments. However, it is often impractical for architects to systematically explore passive design strategies at the outset of the building massing design and architectural form-finding processes, which may result in inefficient or ineffective utilization of the strategies. To address this issue, this study presents a reverse passive design strategy exploration approach that leverages the capability of computational optimization and parametric modeling to help architects identify feasible passive design strategies for building massing design. The approach is achieved using a building massing design generation and optimization tool, called EvoMass, and various building performance simulation tools in RhinoGrasshopper. The optimization can produce site-specific design references that reflect rich performance implications associated with passive design strategies, such as atriums and self-shading. As such, architects can screen out promising passive design strategies corresponding to different performance factors from the optimization result. Two case studies related to daylighting, sky exposure, and solar heat utility are presented to demonstrate the approach, and the relevant utility and limitations are discussed
keywords	Passive design strategies, computational optimization, design exploration, building massing design, formfinding
series	journal
last changed	2024/04/17 14:30

_id	sigradi2023_312
id	sigradi2023_312
authors	Buzó, Raúl and Armagno, Ángel
year	2023
title	Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Acquisition of Architectural Forms.
source	García Amen, F, Goni Fitipaldo, A L and Armagno Gentile, Á (eds.), Accelerated Landscapes - Proceedings of the XXVII International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2023), Punta del Este, Maldonado, Uruguay, 29 November - 1 December 2023, pp. 773–782
summary	The primary objective of this research was to explore the effectiveness of Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) in acquiring architectural forms and compare them with traditional photogrammetry results. The study began with a comprehensive literature review on AI in architecture and NeRF. Afterwards, a single case study applicable to both NeRF and photogrammetry was selected for comparison. The NeRF model showed the ability to accurately represent details and light effects, adapting reflections and transparencies to real-world conditions, as well as handling occlusions, and inferring three-dimensional information. In similar situations, Photogrammetry generated less coherent volumetrics or failed to interpret objects. Additionally, tests with a reduced number of images showed that the NeRF model maintained its characteristics, while photogrammetry suffered a decrease in quality and completeness. However, NeRF's performance was influenced by data collection quality. Insufficient data led to lower-quality volumetrics with imperfections, highlighting the importance of careful data collection, even with technologies like NeRF.
keywords	Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF), Photogrammetry, Artificial intelligence, Design, Architecture
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2024/03/08 14:07

_id	caadria2023_191
id	caadria2023_191
authors	Chao, Chia-Hsuan and Yanagawa, Kane
year	2023
title	Bending-Active Metal Panel Deformation – Control Through Computational Simulation and Pattern Development
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 201–210
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.2.201
summary	This paper aims to complement the discourse of bending-active systems by exploring a related design strategy, form-approximation. The authors explore the said strategy through analysing bending-active plate systems and commenting on its advantages and disadvantages based on physical prototype experiments and a self-built case study. Previous research has revealed that form-finding and form-conversion have their unique characteristics respectively. The authors demonstrate a new strategy of modelling the Miura origami pattern into a representation of bending-active plates and to convert the desired shape into a pattern-sewed bending-active plate construction through linear regression. The physical prototypes and fabrication experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the form-approximation method and present a newly emerging strategy for the design and fabrication of bending-active systems.
keywords	Bending Active, Material System, Digital Fabrication, Computational Simulation, Miura Fold
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	sigradi2023_65
id	sigradi2023_65
authors	Cheung, Lok Hang, Dall'Asta, Juan Carlos and Di Marco, Giancarlo
year	2023
title	Exploring Large Language Model as a Design Partner through Verbal and Non-verbal Conversation in Architectural Design Process
source	García Amen, F, Goni Fitipaldo, A L and Armagno Gentile, Á (eds.), Accelerated Landscapes - Proceedings of the XXVII International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2023), Punta del Este, Maldonado, Uruguay, 29 November - 1 December 2023, pp. 1059–1070
summary	This paper proposes a framework for applying Large Language Models (LLM) as a design partner in architectural design processes instead of a passive question-answering machine. The proposed design framework integrates LLM and Conversation Theory (CT) into a standard parametric design tool for architectural designers. The program establishes an ongoing conversation with the designer through verbal and non-verbal feedback by tracking brain activity and modelling commands. The program can collect conversation data for fine-tuning, thus progressively improving conversation effectiveness. The paper contributes to the knowledge area of architectural design by introducing a novel approach to integrating LLM and CT into the design process, simulated as a proof-of-concept pilot study within a commonly used design software.
keywords	Large Language Model, Human-Computer Interaction, Conversation Theory, Architectural Design Process
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2024/03/08 14:08

_id	sigradi2023_45
id	sigradi2023_45
authors	Dionizio, Rafael and Dezen-Kempter, Eloisa
year	2023
title	Exploring HBIM-GIS Convergence: Integrative Perspectives for Pampulha Cultural Landscape.
source	García Amen, F, Goni Fitipaldo, A L and Armagno Gentile, Á (eds.), Accelerated Landscapes - Proceedings of the XXVII International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2023), Punta del Este, Maldonado, Uruguay, 29 November - 1 December 2023, pp. 497–508
summary	Challenges in the documentation, evaluation, preservation, and management of architectural heritage, including cultural landscapes, are complex due to historic buildings' unique characteristics and cultural value. Integrating Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has emerged as a solution to overcome these challenges. This study focuses on managing Oscar Niemeyer's Pampulha Complex using the integration of Historic Building Information Modeling (HBIM) and GIS to evaluate its effectiveness in heritage management. Photogrammetry, 3D scanning, and semantic modeling allowed a thorough understanding of the architectural features of historic buildings. However, data loss and the need to establish standards are challenges to overcome for effective integration. The results demonstrate that interoperability between BIM and GIS is essential for successfully managing this heritage, allowing detailed analysis and efficient conservation of the historical and cultural features of the Pampulha protection area.
keywords	Cultural Heritage, Management, Geodatabase, HBIM
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2024/03/08 14:07

_id	ecaade2023_313
id	ecaade2023_313
authors	Gath-Morad, Michal, Baur, Raphaël and Hölscher, Christoph
year	2023
title	The DesignMind toolkit
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 1, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 51–60
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.1.051
summary	Integrating empirical evidence into architectural design has the potential to create more humane, legible, and inclusive spaces. Yet, the fast-paced nature of the design process, limited proficiency in scientific terminology, and a natural reliance on design intuition limit architects' ability to effectively apply empirical findings to inform their design decisions. To address this gap, this paper presents DesignMind, a toolkit for evidence-based, cognitively-informed, and human-centred architectural design. DesignMind has four complementary modules: (1) evidence-based design flashcards, (2) topological and geometric analysis, (3) agent-based simulation, and (4) cognitive walkthrough in virtual reality. The effectiveness of DesignMind was evaluated in an academic context where architecture and STEM students used it to analyse and design healthcare and workplace layouts. Initial results show that DesignMind is effective in integrating evidence-based design into the architectural design process and providing students with tools to test their designs for human-centred design criteria such as wayfinding, social communication potential and nursing efficiency. These preliminary results underscore the challenges and opportunities of DesignMind to fuel parallel efforts in evidence-based design, calling for a critical discussion around the notion of evidence in architecture and its interplay with design intuition.
keywords	Evidence-based design, Design education, Human-Centred Architecture, Design toolkit, Design cognition
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	ecaade2023_423
id	ecaade2023_423
authors	Ghiyasi, Tahmures, Zargar, Seyed Hossein and Baghi, Ali
year	2023
title	Layer-by-Layer Pick and Place Collaboration Between Human and Robot Using Optimization
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 1, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 769–778
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.769
summary	Robotic pick-and-place (P&P) has been widely utilized in manufacturing and architectural construction since the 1980s. However, the lack of inherent sensing capabilities in robots has limited their ability to adapt and respond to changes in design or environment. To address some of these shortcomings, this paper proposes an interactive robotic brick-laying workflow using a vision-based sensing framework to inform and optimize brick placements in consecutive layers. The proposed implementation is comprised of three major computational frameworks: (1) digitally reconstructing and analyzing the current state of the assembly, (2) optimizing placement targets based on the digital representation of the environment and desired multi-objective optimization goals, and (3) planning robot motion for the next layer of brick-laying. Within this workflow, the vision-based feedback pipeline simultaneously reconstructs and localizes the already-built assembly. This geometric information constitutes the basis for the multi-objective optimization stage. The placement targets are adaptively calculated to build the next layer upon the existing assembly while optimizing for structural stability, accounting for unforeseen deviations between layers, and allowing for human intervention and modification throughout the process. By proposing an interactive robotic brick-laying workflow, the paper explores the prospects for leveraging the capabilities of robotic pick-and-place technology and integrating it with vision-based sensing frameworks to achieve optimal results in construction. Furthermore, by examining the effectiveness of a multi-objective optimization method as an adaptive design driver, this paper contributes to the development of novel computational strategies that can enhance the flexibility and adaptability of robotic construction systems.
keywords	Pick-and-place, Human-robot interaction, Robotic fabrication, Multi-objective optimization
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

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