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CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ascaad2023_024
id	ascaad2023_024
authors	Afshar, Sepehr; Eshaghi, Sarvin; Kim, Ikhwan; Afshar, Sana
year	2023
title	Leveraging Landscape Architecture and Environmental Storytelling for NextGeneration Gaming Experiences: A Holistic Approach to Virtual World Design
source	C+++: Computation, Culture, and Context – Proceedings of the 11th International Conference of the Arab Society for Computation in Architecture, Art and Design (ASCAAD), University of Petra, Amman, Jordan [Hybrid Conference] 7-9 November 2023, pp. 639-651.
summary	Designing a virtual environment within a digital game occupies a large part of the design procedure, requiring holistic attention and a broad arrangement of the game constituents. Considering other design disciplines, they occupy a unified design methodology; however, a comprehensive literature review reveals the lack of the intended design methodology in the digital game domain's virtual environment development, despite a currently proposed theoretical methodology trying to dissolve the issue. Hence, this research aims to determine the industry's requirements and provide a set of assets included in current digital games as an initial step of providing such a design methodology for the domain. In this regard, the researchers reverse-engineered ten selected digital games, understanding the current condition of digital games via adopting the mentioned currently available design methodology. This dataset reveals a lack in the assets of the story layer in the recent digital games, despite their focus on being story-based. This dilemma leads to long text or speech conversations between game characters, disrupting the players while following the game. The current design focuses on environmental resources only, however, as a virtual landscape, the story needs to be reinforced to be a balanced and well-designed game. Hence, increasing the ratio of the assets in this layer will advance the games' interactivity. Also, as future work, this data set could pave the way for a digital game industry design tool regarding the virtual environment.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2024/02/13 14:34

_id	ascaad2023_065
id	ascaad2023_065
authors	Akbiyik, Selen; Güler, ªeyma; Selçuk, Semra
year	2023
title	A Critical Review on Research Themes and Trends in Green BIM for AEC Sector
source	C+++: Computation, Culture, and Context – Proceedings of the 11th International Conference of the Arab Society for Computation in Architecture, Art and Design (ASCAAD), University of Petra, Amman, Jordan [Hybrid Conference] 7-9 November 2023, pp. 899-916.
summary	Green BIM is an emerging concept in the architecture, engineering, and construction industry that combines Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology with sustainable design principles. This approach emphasizes the importance of integrating green strategies into the design and construction process to improve the environmental performance of buildings. It enables designers, architects, engineers, and contractors to analyze the environmental impact of building materials and systems, simulate energy performance, and optimize the use of resources. The aim of the study is to conduct a bibliometric research and systematic analysis on the concept of 'green BIM'. Web of Science database was used to search for publications containing the term 'green BIM'. 252 relevant publications from the fields of construction building technology, architecture, and urban studies were analyzed. It evaluates research themes and trends in Green BIM in terms of publication and citation numbers, research areas, document types, journals, conferences, and books where publications were published, numbers of publications by country, author and co-authorship analysis, and keyword analysis. The keywords were divided into 9 clusters in the VOSviewer and each cluster was examined under a separate title. These titles are urban design, visual programming, design & construction, sustainability, energy efficiency, life cycle assessment, green BIM, project management and green building assessment. The results show that the most current keywords are being evaluated under the heading of urban studies. This situation highlights that, unlike other academic studies, priority is given to urban-scale applications of green BIM Moreover, apart from urban-scale studies, possible topics for academic research involve Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and the integration of BIM in the LEED certification process. Currently, the industry and prominent publications prefer technical studies due to the extensive coverage of general inquiries.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2024/02/13 14:40

_id	caadria2023_55
id	caadria2023_55
authors	Anam, Nadia and Tan, Linus
year	2023
title	A Human-Centric Approach to a Design-to-Fabrication Process: A Case of Homeless Housing Design in Melbourne, Australia
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.2.461
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 461–470
summary	Recent advancements in computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) have influenced architects to practice more purposeful design processes. However, most previous research have focused on innovating CAD and CAM technologies and less on how to automate the specific needs of users into design-to-fabrication processes. Therefore, this study applies a human-centric design approach to examine how designers can leverage specific and dynamic individual needs in digital design processes to optimise designing of housing. Using research through design, we tested our user-design-fabrication framework with dynamic needs of homeless individuals and 3D printing construction technologies, to design and prototype homeless housing solutions in Melbourne, Australia. This research demonstrates that specific and dynamic occupant needs are leveraged by designer's increased knowledge of digital design processes for 1) greater manipulation of basic software and machines and 2) provision of more individualised homeless housing design solutions. This suggests that there is a need for design researchers to further investigate the role of designers in such digital design processes working with homeless individuals, to foresee the current move in industry for more client-oriented and individualised homeless housing design solutions.
keywords	human-centric design, user-to-design, design-to-fabrication, homeless housing design, client-oriented design
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	sigradi2023_177
id	sigradi2023_177
authors	Azambuja Varela, Pedro and Sousa, José Pedro
year	2023
title	Stereotomic BIM. A plugin for designing low carbon architecture
source	García Amen, F, Goni Fitipaldo, A L and Armagno Gentile, Á (eds.), Accelerated Landscapes - Proceedings of the XXVII International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2023), Punta del Este, Maldonado, Uruguay, 29 November - 1 December 2023, pp. 1253–1262
summary	This paper focuses on the development of a BIM (Building Information Modeling) tool for stereotomic design, aiming to create a bridge between academic research and practical implementation of stereotomy in the construction sector. The creation of a stereotomic BIM tool enhances the use of compressive materials within funicular shapes to minimize reliance on carbon-intensive steel-reinforced concrete slabs. The proposed BIM tool enables architects to design and visualize stereotomic systems, addressing challenges such as architectural specificity and technological expertise. Architects can work from initial shape concepts to the precise geometric definition of elements, benefiting from the interactive adjustment of subdivisions and considering materialization and assembly specifics. This approach aligns with the Industry 4.0 paradigm, contributing to both sustainable development goals and the evolution of construction practices.
keywords	BIM adoption, Stereotomy, Generative design, Parametric design, Sustainability
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2024/03/08 14:08

_id	ecaade2023_137
id	ecaade2023_137
authors	Blaas, Quintin, Pelosi, Antony and Brown, Andre
year	2023
title	Reconsidering Artificial Intelligence as Co-Designer
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.559
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 2, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 559–566
summary	The research in this paper is presented from the perspective of a designer interested in investigating using artificial intelligence, specifically machine learning, to act as a co-pilot during architectural design phases. Significant recent interest has been evident in, for instance, rapidly developing text-to-image and intelligent chat AI areas. However, we have a particular focus and have undertaken a series of feasibility experiments to explore the potential for enabling a designer's exploitation of machine learning, and consequently in effect, using machine learning as a co-designer. We conclude that the industry would need to develop certain protocols to take advantage of the opportunities available through such an AI-assisted approach.
keywords	Artificial Intelligence, Design Data, Algorithmic Design, Design Process, Co-Designing
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	ecaade2023_403
id	ecaade2023_403
authors	Breseghello, Luca, Talaei, Ardeshir, Florenzano, Daniele and Naboni, Roberto
year	2023
title	Shape-Env - Camera-enhanced robotic terrain-shaping for complex 3D concrete printing
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.1.539
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 1, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 539–548
summary	Accounting for over 40% of global waste, the construction industry needs innovative approaches to reduce its environmental impact. Excavation soil is currently considered waste and disposed of in landfills, accounting for about five times household waste and being the most significant source by volume. However, 80% of the extracted soil from construction sites is estimated to be uncontaminated and could be reused. In parallel, 3D printing of concrete structures with non-standard geometry is still limited by complicated processes, which are challenging to upscale and be used for on-site construction scenarios. This project proactively explores terrain as a resource for automated construction, specifically using unprocessed soil as a reconfigurable moulding material for on-site 3D printing of geometrically complex concrete elements. To do so, a novel robotic process was developed and tested in a laboratory environment, combining high-precision robotic earthwork and 3D printing aided by camera vision to account for the unpredictable behaviour of soil with unknown composition and properties. The method was tested on a proof-of-concept experiment where concrete shell panels of topological complexity were successfully realised, extending the available design space for large-scale 3DCP with a reconfigurable, sustainable and low-cost approach.
keywords	Robotic Earthwork, Conformal Printing, 3D Concrete Printing, 3D Scanning
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	ecaade2023_210
id	ecaade2023_210
authors	Buyukmihci, Kaan and Yazici, Sevil
year	2023
title	A Generative Design Model for Demolition Waste Reuse
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.079
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 2, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 79–86
summary	Inefficient resource management and excessive consumption of resources have led to the depletion of natural resources and increased waste in landfills, as the construction industry being a major contributor to global waste with construction and demolition waste making up a significant portion of it. It is critical to find alternatives for reintegration and reuse of the construction. By incorporating recycled aggregates from demolition waste with rammed-earth, it is possible to generate a durable, healthy, highly reusable and sustainable alternative to the common building materials that have serious environmental impacts. This study takes previous research about the recycled aggregate incorporated rammed earth further with a design approach that uses a generative system that follows the rules based on the function, context and material. Final design is chosen from the generated design alternatives and the modules required for the production are prepared with the mixture of recycled-aggregate, cement and fly ash. Then the modules are combined with an interlocking system that offers a convenient, laborless production process. We aim to promote the wider use of the earthen structures by re-interpreting the design and production process by generating design alternatives with modules driven by shape grammars for the recycled-aggregate based rammed earth.
keywords	Demolition Waste, Reuse, Rammed-earth, Generative Design, Shape Grammars
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	caadria2023_365
id	caadria2023_365
authors	Chen, Wei-Ting, Sunny Anthraper, Liya, Skevaki, Eleni, Reiter, Lex and Anton, Ana
year	2023
title	Imprinting Concrete Graded Transparency in 3D Concrete Printing Walls
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.2.169
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 169–178
summary	Robotic fabrication technologies enable customisation and automation for the construction industry. Specifically, 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) has advanced rapidly in recent years with innovations in robotics, material science, and large-scale application. While 3D printed walls take up most of the applications of the technology at an architectural scale, the design and fabrication methods based on multi-materiality are limited. This paper presents a method for the creation of walls with graded transparency by embedding glass rods in between the printed concrete layers. To achieve this, a computational design tool was developed to explore the distribution of transparent rods within the opaque mass of concrete. Furthermore, the designs are tested with two fabrication methods based on human-robot collaboration and multi-robot fabrication processes by simultaneously 3D printing concrete and placing the rods. The presented results and identified challenges outline the potential of multi-material additive manufacturing methods for architectural applications materialised either through human-robot collaboration or as a multi-robotic fabrication process.
keywords	3D Concrete Printing, Human-Robot Collaboration, Transparent Concrete Wall, Pick-and-Place robot, Print and Place
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	sigradi2023_165
id	sigradi2023_165
authors	Chávez Valdés, Florencia, Delgado Smulders, María Constanza, Karich, Juan Cristóbal and Raspall, Felix
year	2023
title	Design of a Low-cost Extruder for Large Scale Additive Manufacturing with Earth-based Pastes
source	García Amen, F, Goni Fitipaldo, A L and Armagno Gentile, Á (eds.), Accelerated Landscapes - Proceedings of the XXVII International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2023), Punta del Este, Maldonado, Uruguay, 29 November - 1 December 2023, pp. 301–312
summary	This research explores the potential of earth construction as a low-carbon solution for large-scale additive manufacturing in the global south. Existing expensive printing technologies for earth-based structures limit their application in economically challenged regions. To address this, the study proposes and tests a low-cost extruder design using a paint/mortar mixer powertool, a metal hopper, and a 3D printed nozzle. The extruder is mounted on a CNC manipulator for precise control. Printing tests demonstrate the reliability of the design. The findings show that the low-cost extruder is a viable and sustainable option for large-scale printing, significantly reducing construction costs. By promoting the use of earth-based pastes, the research contributes to more environmentally friendly construction practices, aiding in mitigating the construction industry's environmental impact in the long run.
keywords	Additive Manufacturing, Robotics, Earth Construction, Large-scale Additive Manufacturing
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2024/03/08 14:06

_id	caadria2023_380
id	caadria2023_380
authors	Cohen, Avraham and Barath, Shany
year	2023
title	Integrating Large-Scale Additive Manufacturing and Bioplastic Compounds for Architectural Acoustic Performance
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.2.179
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 179–188
summary	Emerging regulations in the context of sustainability have placed renewed attention on construction protocols, including consideration of end-of-life, waste reduction and a shift to bioplastics. However, much research is required on the integration and compatibility of bioplastic materials and their performance concerning construction industry standards. Parallel to the material perspective, increased efforts are placed on additive manufacturing (AM) processes in architectural design and their potential contribution to sustainability through experimentation with new materials, enhanced performance prototyping and reduction in material use. Within this context, the following paper develops a framework towards large-scale additive manufacturing examining bioplastic compounds for architectural components with acoustic performance. A design workflow outlines the component geometry and micro-structuring for both scattering and absorption. It explores the ability to expand on the acoustic behaviour of the chosen materials through printing techniques such as pull printing, fiber printing and dynamic structure printing, within a robotic FDM setup utilizing non-planar tool path design. The robotic workflow developed, outlines a material-informed calibration of bioplastic compounds, their predicted acoustic compatibility to the construction industry, and highlights the potential of such AM workflows to align with current sustainability goals.
keywords	bioplastic compounds, robotic fabrication, large scale additive manufacturing, non-planar tool path design, acoustic performance
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	ecaade2023_138
id	ecaade2023_138
authors	Crolla, Kristof and Wong, Nichol
year	2023
title	Catenary Wooden Roof Structures: Precedent knowledge for future algorithmic design and construction optimisation
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.1.611
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 1, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 611–620
summary	The timber industry is expanding, including construction wood product applications such as glue-laminated wood products (R. Sikkema et al., 2023). To boost further utilisation of engineered wood products in architecture, further development and optimisation of related tectonic systems is required. Integration of digital design technologies in this endeavour presents opportunities for a more performative and spatially diverse architecture production, even in construction contexts typified by limited means and/or resources. This paper reports on historic precedent case study research that informs an ongoing larger study focussing on novel algorithmic methods for the design and production of lightweight, large-span, catenary glulam roof structures. Given their structural operation in full tension, catenary-based roof structures substantially reduce material needs when compared with those relying on straight beams (Wong and Crolla, 2019). Yet, the manufacture of their non-standard geometries typically requires costly bespoke hardware setups, having resulted in recent projects trending away from the more spatially engaging geometric experiments of the second half of the 20th century. The study hypothesis that the evolutionary design optimisation of this tectonic system has the potential to re-open and expand its practically available design solution space. This paper covers the review of a range of built projects employing catenary glulam roof system, starting from seminal historic precedents like the Festival Hall for the Swiss National Exhibition EXPO 1964 (A. Lozeron, Swiss, 1964) and the Wilkhahn Pavilions (Frei Otto, Germany, 1987), to contemporary examples, including the Grandview Heights Aquatic Centre (HCMA Architecture + Design, Canada, 2016). It analysis their structural concept, geometric and spatial complexity, fabrication and assembly protocols, applied construction detailing solutions, and more, with as aim to identify methods, tools, techniques, and construction details that can be taken forward in future research aimed at minimising construction complexity. Findings from this precedent study form the basis for the evolutionary-algorithmic design and construction method development that is part of the larger study. By expanding the tectonic system’s practically applicable architecture design solution space and facilitating architects’ access to a low-tech producible, spatially versatile, lightweight, eco-friendly, wooden roof structure typology, this study contributes to environmentally sustainable building.
keywords	Precedent Studies, Light-weight architecture, Timber shell, Catenary, Algorithmic Optimisation, Glue-laminated timber
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	ascaad2023_078
id	ascaad2023_078
authors	Dastmalchi, Mohammad; Nourbakhshi, Hamid; Ansari, Mohammad
year	2023
title	User Experience and Interaction Design in Architecture's New Media
source	C+++: Computation, Culture, and Context – Proceedings of the 11th International Conference of the Arab Society for Computation in Architecture, Art and Design (ASCAAD), University of Petra, Amman, Jordan [Hybrid Conference] 7-9 November 2023, pp. 1014-1025.
summary	As immersive technologies, notably Virtual Reality (VR), gain traction in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) sectors, there is an increasing emphasis on their application in education and industry. This article delves into the use of VR in these spatial disciplines and underscores the limited attention given to the User Experience and Interaction Design. The authors have developed and evaluated a VR interaction approach, comparing two methods: direct and indirect interaction. Direct interaction offers a real-world, intuitive approach, where users physically interact with virtual objects. In contrast, indirect interaction uses an intermediary interface for more precision in control, albeit with a slower response time. Utilizing an immersive framework for UX, the study aims to understand which method offers better user experience. Through an experiment the authors revealed that users with a design background found it easier to use the interface and interact within the VR setting. Interestingly, while direct interaction was initially thought to be more efficient, the indirect method's precision offered distinct advantages in specific design stages. This research accentuates the potential of tailored VR interaction methods depending on the design process stage and user background.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2024/02/13 14:40

_id	acadia23_v2_174
id	acadia23_v2_174
authors	Dayyem Khan, Muhammad; Varadharajan, Tharanesh; A Keller, Zachary; Aghaei Meibodi, Mania
year	2023
title	BioMatters: The Robotic 3D-Printed Biodegradable Wood-Based Formwork for Cast-in-place Concrete Structures
source	ACADIA 2023: Habits of the Anthropocene: Scarcity and Abundance in a Post-Material Economy [Volume 2: Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Conference for the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9891764-0-3]. Denver. 26-28 October 2023. edited by A. Crawford, N. Diniz, R. Beckett, J. Vanucchi, M. Swackhamer 174-183.
summary	‘BioMatters’ explores methods of creating wood-based material for 3D Printing freeform concrete formwork. The concrete industry is widely acknowledged as a significant contributor to waste, pollution, and resource consumption. Typical concrete formwork, which constitutes 40% of the overall expenses in concrete construction, is a significant source of waste. Recent 3D printing advancements in concrete formwork offer increased design flexibility, significantly reduced concrete consumption, minimal material waste, and improved productivity. This research project represents a pioneering advancement in 3D printing formwork by investigating robotic 3D printing methods with wood-based materials that are fully biodegradable, reusable, and recyclable. The paper presents a novel method of coupling robotic 3D printing of wood-based material with incremental set-on-demand concrete casting to create zero-waste, freeform concrete structures. Here, the concrete takes its shape from the 3D-printed wood formwork and, at the same time, concrete stabilizes the 3D printed wood to prevent its deformation on a larger scale. Once the concrete is cured, the formwork is removed and is fully recycled by grinding and rehydrating the material with water, thus creating a nearly zero-waste formwork solution. The method is investigated involving the design and fabrication of a pair of 1.8-meter-high structural columns. This project focuses on utilizing the material from previous 3D printed formwork for each subsequent column, to evaluate the reusability of the material. The project explores various aspects, including sequential rebar integration, the correlation between the geometric properties of the 3D printed formwork, and the rheology hydrostatic pressure of the concrete mix in relation to material design.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2024/12/20 09:12

_id	sigradi2023_469
id	sigradi2023_469
authors	Fernandez Gonzalez, Alberto and Bognar, Melinda
year	2023
title	Exploring the Evolution of Digital Detail in Architecture: From Pixels and Voxels to AI- Enhanced Design Techniques
source	García Amen, F, Goni Fitipaldo, A L and Armagno Gentile, Á (eds.), Accelerated Landscapes - Proceedings of the XXVII International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2023), Punta del Este, Maldonado, Uruguay, 29 November - 1 December 2023, pp. 1773–1784
summary	This paper explores the significant evolution of digital architecture, tracing its development from the introduction of basic elements like pixels and vectors to the sophisticated integration of AI and stable diffusion models. Beginning with the shift from manual sketching to computer-aided design (CAD), the paper examines how these foundational components have enabled more precise and intricate designs. The incorporation of AI has further transformed the field, allowing for advanced techniques such as generative design and performance optimization. Additionally, the research emphasizes the role of stable diffusion models in maximizing design performance and translating 2D data into 3D spaces. The paper also considers the broader impact of these technologies on the industry, leading to innovative paradigms like biomimicry and smart cities. Overall, the paper provides a comprehensive overview of digital architecture's transformative potential and its role in shaping a more innovative and equitable built environment.
keywords	Artificial Intelligence, Neural Networks, GANs, Stable Diffusion, Detail
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2024/03/08 14:09

_id	caadria2023_127
id	caadria2023_127
authors	Franze, Anthony, Caldwell, Glenda, Belek Fialho Teixeira, Muge and Rittenbruch, Markus
year	2023
title	Informing User-Centred Approaches to Augmented Custom Manufacturing Practices
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.1.353
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 353–362
summary	This practice-based research presents insights into the potential and challenges for augmented and mixed reality (AR/MR) technology to enhance Australian small-to-medium (SME) custom manufacturers’ agility to overcome existing Industry 4.0 (I4.0) workforce productivity and efficiency challenges. Moreover, it seeks to understand the technology’s ability to support custom manufacturers and the architectural, engineering and construction (AEC) sector transition to a more human-centric Industry 5.0 (I5.0) model, whereby the well-being of the fabricator is placed back at the centre of manufacturing processes. This qualitative study draws on interviews with eleven Australian custom manufacturing industry professionals to inform pertinent themes around fabricators’ current use and perceptions of mixed reality technology. Results indicate benefits for fabricators in reducing 2D drawing and task-related ambiguities in fabrication and assembly practices and reveal factors surrounding underutilisation. Synthesising insights and reflecting on Teixeira et al., (2021)’s XR-PACT framework, key research areas are identified for future AR/MR development centred on fabrication users’ distinct needs to improve accessibility, empower fabricators and ultimately assist the competitiveness of custom manufacturers and the AEC sector.
keywords	Augmented and Mixed Reality, Custom Manufacturing, SME, User-centred design, Industry 5.0
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	ecaade2023_326
id	ecaade2023_326
authors	Gaudreault, Grégoire and Nejur, Andrei
year	2023
title	Heteromorph
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.059
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 2, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 59–68
summary	Whereas on a global scale, more than one billion people live in precarious housing situations, many construction materials are often sent to landfill sites or, worse, burned. However, these rejected materials represent a richness whose reallocation would lead to a significant economy of resources. Therefore, reusing materials from the construction industry could eventually be part of the solution. In this paper, we will present the results of a study carried out within the framework of a master's thesis project, which attempts to establish an architectural response to this issue. The proposed solution involves a constructive system that allows the assembly of temporary shelters using a wide range of reclaimed materials. This approach implies the use of digital tools to generate a form resulting from the analysis of locally salvaged materials. The algorithm developed in this project can generate multiple formal configurations optimized for the available resources. Any shape obtained in this manner will be composed of a low number (3-5) of unique edge lengths. This rationalization strategy also limits the unique triangle typologies in the structure to a manageable number. The different elements, whether planar or linear, are then joined using low-tech metal nodes that can be easily assembled and disassembled. Because the standardized edge lengths and triangle types are compatible, the proposed workflow unlocks mixed material reuse for complex reticular structures. The resulting flexibility allows for several variations or even a partial or complete reconfiguration of the initial shape, thus further supporting the implementation of the circular economy principles for the construction of complex architectural structures.
keywords	Urban Mining, Temporary Shelters, Reclaimed Material, Low-tech, Kit-based Design, Circular Economy, Participatory Architecture, Material Optimization, Reconfigurable Structures, Material Reuse
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	ascaad2023_082
id	ascaad2023_082
authors	Georgiou, Michail; Georgiou, Odysseas; Georgiou, Ioulios; Efthimiou, Eftihis
year	2023
title	Reverse Engineering Construction Industry Realities: Repurposing Standardized Leftover Materials for Digital Fabrication
source	C+++: Computation, Culture, and Context – Proceedings of the 11th International Conference of the Arab Society for Computation in Architecture, Art and Design (ASCAAD), University of Petra, Amman, Jordan [Hybrid Conference] 7-9 November 2023, pp. 382-398.
summary	The paper investigates the appropriateness of computational design tools and affordable registration processes for repurposing standardized construction industry leftover materials of variable geometry for subtractive digital fabrication. Through the analysis and discussion of four case studies the authors propose discrete steps towards streamlining a workflow that can help reduce waste, promote sustainable practices and potentially create new revenue streams for the industry.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2024/02/13 14:40

_id	ascaad2023_091
id	ascaad2023_091
authors	Haddad, Naif
year	2023
title	From Digital Heritage Documentation to 3D Virtual Reconstruction and Recreation for Heritage Promotion and Reinterpretation: The Case of the iHeritage Project
source	C+++: Computation, Culture, and Context – Proceedings of the 11th International Conference of the Arab Society for Computation in Architecture, Art and Design (ASCAAD), University of Petra, Amman, Jordan [Hybrid Conference] 7-9 November 2023, pp. 7-23.
summary	In the last two decades, the digital age Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) development and concerns combined with rapid technology have permitted the dissemination of different digital applications (including digital documentation, virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), mixed reality (MR), digital gaming, and holograms etc.) oriented toward past, present and future communication using digital three-dimensional audio-visual content. Today, we must acknowledge that 3D virtual 3D reconstruction and recreation has become an established way to build, understand, reinterpret, and promote Cultural Heritage (CH). The virtual 3D reconstruction world and multimedia industry are often considered potential marketing channels for World Heritage Sites (WHS) and heritage tourism. 3D digital/virtual reconstruction merges and embodies subjectivity in one process, playing an attractive role in heritage tourism destinations and creating image experiences, providing the first enjoyable interpretation and information for most audiences. Based on the EU-funded iHERITAGE project ICT Mediterranean platform for the UNESCO CH, this paper attempts to examine some insights into constructing the optimistic image of heritage promotion and tourism in the context of CH as it flows through both physical and virtual spaces to give a glimpse of the future of virtual reconstruction. It illustrates the development of the concepts and practice, challenges and opportunities, advantages and disadvantages, and the negative and the positive sides of the related issues of only 3D digital reconstructions, and some issues concerning the ethics based on the International Chartres and Conventions mainly in the field of scientific visualisation, such as the London Charter (2009) and Seville Principles (2011). Finally, as a practical dimension, it presents some representative examples of 3D digital/virtual reconstruction of characteristic monuments of the WHS of Nabataean Petra in Jordan for the first time.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2024/02/13 14:40

_id	ascaad2023_016
id	ascaad2023_016
authors	Hassab, Ahmed; El-Araby, Mohamed; Salman, Amany; Amin, Mostafa; Keraa, Dalia; Madbully, Mohamed; Ali, Mariam; Abdelfatah, Marah; Mahmoud, Abeir
year	2023
title	Digital Design in Africa: A Statistical Overview of Trend and Motivation in the African Continent
source	C+++: Computation, Culture, and Context – Proceedings of the 11th International Conference of the Arab Society for Computation in Architecture, Art and Design (ASCAAD), University of Petra, Amman, Jordan [Hybrid Conference] 7-9 November 2023, pp. 600-621.
summary	The Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (A.E.C.) industry has recently witnessed various innovations, notably integrating Digital Design (D.D.) processes in the industry's workflow. Unfortunately, Africa has been excluded from exploring this development due to its perception as a developing region still reliant on traditional construction methods. This review aims to investigate the trend of Digital Construction (D.C.) in Africa by categorizing several projects based on several data points, including project period, typology, scale, curvature type, and location. A statistical overview of the data will provide a quantitative understanding of D.C. projects in the continent. Furthermore, the study will conduct a literature-based comparative analysis between D.C. projects in Africa. Finally, the review will focus on a select few case studies for in-depth analysis. The expected outcome of this analysis is a comprehensive understanding of the trend and motivation behind D.C. in Africa.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2024/02/13 14:34

_id	ecaade2023_258
id	ecaade2023_258
authors	Hong, Soon Min, Kim, Geunjae, Gu, Hyeongmo, Kim, Taehoon and Choo, Seungyeon
year	2023
title	Development of Building Component Combination Algorithms for Generative Design-based DfMA Applications
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.207
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 2, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 207–216
summary	The AEC industry faces challenges such as low productivity, high carbon emissions, labor shortages, and construction site accidents. To address these issues, the industry focuses on MMC and DfMA based on BIM. This research paper develops building component combination algorithms for generative design-based applications. Using GD, the proposed method optimises the layout and selection of building components while considering construction costs and a specified budget range. A case study of a five-component building system with four types of components demonstrates the method's ability to generate diverse design alternatives. Designers can efficiently explore and evaluate these alternatives based on economic and design criteria. However, the method has limitations, such as the exclusion of MEP facilities as GD parameters and the focus on optimising the budget as a single goal. Nevertheless, this study lays the foundation for applying DfMA in the early design stage and utilizing GD technology in construction projects.
keywords	DfMA, OSC, Generative Design, Optimisation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

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