CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Hits 1 to 20 of 17654

_id c714
authors Majchrzak, Collins, P. and Mandeville, D.
year 1986
title A Quantitative Assessment of Changes in Work Activities Resulting from Computer-Assisted Design
source Behaviour and Information Technology 1986 v.5 n.3 p.259-271
summary In an effort to understand how computer-assisted design (CAD) can be optimized in an organizational setting, perceptions and attitudes of CAD users about their jobs and workplace are compared with those of non-users. Results indicate that the implementation of CAD may not result in the expected benefits if CAD is not appropriately managed. Job unpredictability, job autonomy, and job interdependence are three areas in particular needing management attention if CAD benefits are to be achieved.
series other
last changed 2002/07/07 16:01

_id ecaade2021_009
id ecaade2021_009
authors Majzoub, Omar and Haeusler, M. Hank
year 2021
title Investigating Computational Methods and Strategies to Reduce Construction and Demolition Waste in Preliminary Design
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.1.325
source Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 325-334
summary The waste produced in construction and demolition presents social, economic, and environmental challenges on a global scale. Research suggests that effective decision-making mechanisms are needed during preliminary design stages to minimise the production of waste. In early research, we presented a beta version of a waste reduction tool which is now in need of a User Experience (UX) and Interaction Experience (IX) strategy to meet our research aims of (a) supporting architects in making informed decisions and (b) offer general as well a specific design optimisation to reduce waste. Thus in our research, we arrived at a point that required an investigation into computational methods and strategies to meet these aims. While optimisation and decision-making in architecture are often achieved through generative design strategies, we aim to investigate and discuss alternatives. Thus we propose the hypothesis of employing augmented intelligence. The paper presents work in augmented intelligence undertaken outside the architecture discipline and presents our literature review with a discussion and conclusion.
keywords Waste reduction; computational methods and strategies; sustainable development goals; augmented intelligence; position paper
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59

_id 0787
authors Mak, Stephen
year 2001
title A model of information management for construction using information technology
source Automation in Construction 10 (2) (2001) pp. 257-263
summary The construction industry is slow in utilising information technology (IT) to manage projects. Application of IT is piecemeal, discrete and non-systematic. Managing information for construction projects is crucial in order to make good and full use of IT in the construction industry. This paper proposes a simplified model to achieve managing information for construction by utilising the ubiquitous Internet technologies. The openness of these technologies is receiving attention of not only academics and amateurs but also of business entities and government organisations. A database-web link is required in order to properly store, organise and archive information. Internet technologies can be adapted to a corporate Intranet or business Extranet. Experiencing the advantages of Internet technologies is crucial in order to avoid negative perceptions.
series journal paper
more http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed 2003/05/15 21:22

_id sigradi2016_446
id sigradi2016_446
authors Makert, Rodrigo; Alves, Gilfranco
year 2016
title Entendendo o Design Digital: o designer nos processos digitais de projeto [Understanding the Digital Design: the designer in digital design processes]
source SIGraDi 2016 [Proceedings of the 20th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Argentina, Buenos Aires 9 - 11 November 2016, pp.34-41
summary This paper presents a specific aspect of a post-graduate research entitled "Between Design and Designer: Considerations on digital design" and investigates the designer in the digital design processes. It is believed that the unique and subjective nature of the designers are key part of the result and the own choice of architectural design method. Currently, digital technology has enabled new design methods, casting a revaluation of theories related to design. Considering the complexity of contemporary designs it is necessary to open the black box of design and show the context in which the design acts or should act.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2021/03/28 19:58

_id caadria2018_065
id caadria2018_065
authors Makki, Mohammed and Showkatbakhsh, Milad
year 2018
title Control of Morphological Variation Through Population Based Fitness Criteria
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2018.1.153
source T. Fukuda, W. Huang, P. Janssen, K. Crolla, S. Alhadidi (eds.), Learning, Adapting and Prototyping - Proceedings of the 23rd CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 17-19 May 2018, pp. 153-162
summary A primary challenge for the application of an evolutionary process as a design tool is the ability to maintain variation amongst design solutions while simultaneously increasing in fitness. The 'golden rule' of balancing exploration versus exploitation of solutions within the population becomes more critical when the solution set is required to present a controlled degree of phenotypic variation but ensure that convergence of the solution set continues towards increased levels of fitness. The experiments presented within this paper address the control of variation throughout the simulation by means of incorporating a population-based fitness criterion that is utilised as a fitness objective and is calculated dynamically throughout the algorithmic run in both single and multi objective design problems.
keywords Architecture; Computation ; Evolution; Urban; Variation
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59

_id ecaade2015_136
id ecaade2015_136
authors Makki, Mohammed; Farzaneh, Ali and Navarro, Diego
year 2015
title The Evolutionary Adaptation of Urban Tissues through Computational Analysis
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2015.2.563
source Martens, B, Wurzer, G, Grasl T, Lorenz, WE and Schaffranek, R (eds.), Real Time - Proceedings of the 33rd eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria, 16-18 September 2015, pp. 563-571
summary The use of evolutionary solvers in design has introduced the potential of dealing with multiple conflicting objectives under a single design model. The experiments presented in this paper employ an evolutionary solver towards the generation of a 4x4 urban superblock in the city of Barcelona, one of the highest population density cities in Europe. The superblock is based on Cerda's iconic 8-sided block and takes three conflicting objectives into account, aiming not only to achieve a high density proposal but one that considers block relations, as well as green space throughout the city. The design is based on principles of evolutionary science, generating a population of solutions, whose individuals are ranked and selected based on a fitness criteria. Rather than aiming to reach a single 'optimal' solution, the model produces a population of solutions that are optimized in relation to the design environment.
wos WOS:000372316000063
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59

_id 6810
authors Makkonen, Petri
year 1999
title On multi body systems simulation in product design
source KTH Stockholm
summary The aim of this thesis is to provide a basis for efficient modelling and software use in simulation driven product development. The capabilities of modern commercial computer software for design are analysed experimentally and qualitatively. An integrated simulation model for design of mechanical systems, based on four different "simulation views" is proposed: An integrated CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) model using Solid Geometry (CAD), Finite Element Modelling (FEM), Multi Body Systems Modelling (MBS) and Dynamic System Simulation utilising Block System Modelling tools is presented. A theoretical design process model for simulation driven design based on the theory of product chromosome is introduced. This thesis comprises a summary and six papers. Paper A presents the general framework and a distributed model for simulation based on CAD, FEM, MBS and Block Systems modelling. Paper B outlines a framework to integrate all these models into MBS simulation for performance prediction and optimisation of mechanical systems, using a modular approach. This methodology has been applied to design of industrial robots of parallel robot type. During the development process, from concept design to detail design, models have been refined from kinematic to dynamic and to elastodynamic models, finally including joint backlash. A method for analysing the kinematic Jacobian by using MBS simulation is presented. Motor torque requirements are studied by varying major robot geometry parameters, in dimensionless form for generality. The robot TCP (Tool Center Point) path in time space, predicted from elastodynamic model simulations, has been transformed to the frequency space by Fourier analysis. By comparison of this result with linear (modal) eigen frequency analysis from the elastodynamic MBS model, internal model validation is obtained. Paper C presents a study of joint backlash. An impact model for joint clearance, utilised in paper B, has been developed and compared to a simplified spring-damper model. The impact model was found to predict contact loss over a wider range of rotational speed than the spring-damper model. Increased joint bearing stiffness was found to widen the speed region of chaotic behaviour, due to loss of contact, while increased damping will reduce the chaotic range. The impact model was found to have stable under- and overcritical speed ranges, around the loss of contact region. The undercritical limit depends on the gravitational load on the clearance joint. Papers D and E give examples of the distributed simulation model approach proposed in paper A. Paper D presents simulation and optimisation of linear servo drives for a 3-axis gantry robot, using block systems modelling. The specified kinematic behaviour is simulated with multi body modelling, while drive systems and control system are modelled using a block system model for each drive. The block system model has been used for optimisation of the transmission and motor selection. Paper E presents an approach for re-using CAD geometry for multi body modelling of a rock drilling rig boom. Paper F presents synthesis methods for mechanical systems. Joint and part number synthesis is performed using the Grübler and Euler equations. The synthesis is continued by applying the theory of generative grammar, from which the grammatical rules of planar mechanisms have been formulated. An example of topological synthesis of mechanisms utilising this grammar is presented. Finally, dimensional synthesis of the mechanism is carried out by utilising non-linear programming with addition of a penalty function to avoid singularities.
keywords Simulation; Optimisation; Control Systems; Computer Aided Engineering; Multi Body Systems; Finite Element Method; Backslash; Clearance; Industrial Robots; Parallel Robots
series thesis:PhD
last changed 2003/02/12 22:37

_id ecaade2013_258
id ecaade2013_258
authors Makris, Michael; Gerber, David; Carlson, Anders and Noble, Doug
year 2013
title Informing Design through Parametric Integrated Structural Simulation
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2013.1.069
source Stouffs, Rudi and Sariyildiz, Sevil (eds.), Computation and Performance – Proceedings of the 31st eCAADe Conference – Volume 1, Faculty of Architecture, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands, 18-20 September 2013, pp. 69-77
summary The paper describes the development, testing, and initial findings of a design tool that generates parametrically defined, semi-automatically analyzed, and visualized structural performance of specific truss designs. The prototypical design tool provides structural truss solutions for spans of uniform to non-uniform surface curvatures. Real-time visual structural performance feedback enables the designer to more rapidly develop viable and potentially more efficient designs under user defined load conditions. The research methodology is an example of reinforcing structural learning and intuition within the design process. The research presents findings of the impact of iterative and interactive structural feedback through the development of a parametrically integrated structural truss analysis tool for aiding in design decision support.
wos WOS:000340635300006
keywords Design decision support; structural analysis; parametric design; design optimization; structural design.
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59

_id sigradi2010_301
id sigradi2010_301
authors Malard, Maria Lúcia; Kölln Elke Berenice
year 2010
title A imersão virtual em espaços arquitetônicos e a sua colaboração nas decisões de projeto [Immersion in virtual architectural spaces, and their impact on design decision - making]
source SIGraDi 2010_Proceedings of the 14th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, pp. Bogotá, Colombia, November 17-19, 2010, pp. 301-303
summary Today, with technological advances the way man interacts with the world around him changes every day, bringing our field to the study of perception. For architects it has always been a challenge to represent their projects in view of the architectural object built. This study aimed to understand how immersion in virtual architectural spaces designed will facilitate greater participation of users and architects in design decisions, as well as how virtual immersion may facilitate decisions on collaborative project teams.
keywords space perception; virtual immersion; architectural design
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:55

_id acadia13_191
id acadia13_191
authors Maleki, Maryam M.; Woodbury, Robert F.
year 2013
title Programming In The Model — A New Scripting Interface for Parametric CAD Systems
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2013.191
source ACADIA 13: Adaptive Architecture [Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-926724-22-5] Cambridge 24-26 October, 2013), pp. 191-198
summary Programming, often called scripting, has become a key feature in most CAD systems and an equally key area of expertise in CAD. However, programming surrenders many of the benefits of direct manipulation and introduces notational elements that are cognitively distant from the designs being created. In addition, it creates barriers to use and is often perceived as being too difficult to apply. We introduce Programming In the Model (PIM) through a prototype, implementing live side-by-side views, multi-view brushing and highlighting, live scripting, auto- translating from modeling operations to script and localized relational information within model windows. A qualitative user study confirms PIM’s features and raises issues for future development. A key result is the need for multi-directional extreme liveness , that is, maintaining consistency of action across views at the smallest possible scale. We argue that PIM principles are applicable in textual and visual programming alike.
keywords tools and interfaces, end-user programming, parametric design, scripting, human computer interaction, live programming
series ACADIA
type Normal Paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59

_id e7ff
authors Malkawi, A., Vakalo, E.G. and Emdanat, S.S.
year 1997
title An Intelligent CAD System for Integrating Thermal and Form-Making Analysis
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1997.041
source CAADRIA ‘97 [Proceedings of the Second Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 957-575-057-8] Taiwan 17-19 April 1997, pp. 41-49
summary This paper presents an intelligent CAD system for integration morphological and thermal considerations involved in the making of architectural form. A shared knowledge base is at the core of the proposed system. The system is designed to allow independent modules that target the different aspects of a building design and analysis (e.g. thermal analysis and morphological analysis) to access and modify the knowledge contained in this knowledge base. The paper discusses the structure of the system and issues pertaining to its implementation. An example of the use of the system is illustrated. Conclusions and findings about the utility of the system are drawn.
series CAADRIA
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59

_id ddss9841
id ddss9841
authors Malkawi, Ali
year 1998
title Representing Collaborative Multi- Knowledge Agents as Generic Rules
source Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary This paper discusses the internal representation of a multi-knowledge agent decision support system that was developed for building thermal design. The system is able to provide designers with specific problem detection in thermal design without the use of rules of thumb. The paper describes how generic rules can be used as virtual agents and how these agents can interact using a blackboard model. The generic rules utilized use logical variables as a strategy to capture generality. This allows the rules todeal with variables that can be replaced by any possible term. In addition, it allows the rules to be equivalent to the infinite set of rules that could be obtained if the variables were replaced in all possible ways by terms. In the system, these terms include the building elements and systems that affect the thermal behavior of the building. Problems associated with agent conflicts and how they were resolved in such a model are described.
series DDSS
last changed 2003/08/07 16:36

_id 1162
authors Malkawi, Ali and Jabi, Wassim
year 1996
title Integrating Shadow Casting Methodology and Thermal Simulation
source Proceedings of the Solar ‘96 Conference. Asheville, North Carolina: American Solar Energy Society, 1996, pp. 271-276
summary This paper describes an experiment that integrates shadow casting methodology and thermal simulation algorithms developed by the authors. The 3D shadow procedures use a polyhedral representation of solids within a Cartesian space that allows for accurate casting of shadows. The algorithm is also capable of calculating surface areas of polygonal shadows of any arbitrary shape and size. The thermal simulation algorithms – using the Transfer Function Method (TFM) – incorporate the shaded area calculations to better predict solar heat gain from glazing based on transmitted, absorbed, and conducted cooling loads. The paper describes the use of a 3D computer model to illustrate the impact of the pattern and area of shading on the visual and thermal properties of building apertures. The paper discusses the objectives of this experiment, the algorithms used, and their integration. Conclusions and findings are drawn.
keywords Shadow Casting Algorithms Energey Thermal Simulation
series other
email
last changed 2002/03/05 19:51

_id 2789
authors Mallard, Maria L. and Ng, Edward
year 1993
title Active Studio Version 1.0
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1993.x.o8u
source [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Eindhoven (The Netherlands) 11-13 November 1993
summary In the evening reception held at the Mies Van der Rohe's German Pavilion, Gabriel Ferrater, Rector of Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, challenged the participants of the ECAADE 92 conference that despite all the advances in CAD techniques, none of the many wonderful buildings that had been built in Barcelona was 'designed' on computer. To researchers in the field of design and CAD research, the challenge went deeper than designing and architecture. It questions the very essence of CAD methodology and pedagogy.
series eCAADe
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id ascaad2016_018
id ascaad2016_018
authors Mallasi, Zaki
year 2016
title Integrating Physical and Digital Prototypes Using Parametric Bim in the Pursuit of Kinetic Façade
source Parametricism Vs. Materialism: Evolution of Digital Technologies for Development [8th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-0-9955691-0-2] London (United Kingdom) 7-8 November 2016, pp. 155-168
summary Architectural facades are designed to respond to environmental, social and functional considerations among others. Advancements in Digital Design Computation (DDC) emerged as an essential support for exploring and creating contemporary architectural facades. Current research into responsive kinetic facade suggests different methods of integrating kinetics into physical facade. However, research indicates that physical façades struggle to achieve the anticipated kinetic responses. In addition, the process is formal, prescribed, lacks flexibility and mostly assists the designer in the visualization of design. Consequently, the challenges in understanding the creative process that mediates between digital/physical kinetics are important to address in the early design stage. Digital and physical façade prototypes would allow designers to test the qualities of such system before constructing full size mock-ups and discover new modes of parametric design thinking in architecture.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2017/05/25 13:31

_id ascaad2022_087
id ascaad2022_087
authors Mallasi, Zaki
year 2022
title A Pixels-Based Design Approach for Parametric Thinking in Patterning Dynamic Facades
source Hybrid Spaces of the Metaverse - Architecture in the Age of the Metaverse: Opportunities and Potentials [10th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings] Debbieh (Lebanon) [Virtual Conference] 12-13 October 2022, pp. 654-673
summary In today’s Architectural design process, there has been considerable advancements in design computation tools that empowers designer to explore and configure the building façades schemes. However, one could formally argue that some processes are prescribed, lacks automation and are only for the purpose of visualizing the aesthetic design concepts. As a result, these design concept explorations are driven manually to exhibit variations between schemes. To overcome such limitations, the development presented here describes a proactive approach to incorporate parametric design thinking process and Building Information Modeling (BIM). This paper reports on an ongoing development in computational design and its potential application in exploring an interactive façade pattern. The objective is to present the developed approach for exploring façade patterns that responds parametrically to design-performance attractors. Examples of these attractors are solar exposure, interior privacy importance, and aesthetics. It introduces a paradigm-shift in the development of design tools and theory of parameterization in architecture. This work utilizes programming script to manipulate the logic behind placement of faced panels. The placement and sizes for the building facade 3D parametric panels react to variety of Analytical Image Data (AID) as a source for the design-performance data (e.g.: solar exposure, interior privacy importance, and aesthetics). Accordingly, this research developed the PatternGen(c) add-on in Autodesk ® Revit that utilizes a merge (or an overlay) of AID images as a source to dynamically pattern the building façade and generate the facade panels arrangement rules panels on the building exterior. This work concludes by a project case study assessment, that the methodology of applying AID would be an effective dynamic approach to patterning façades. A case-study design project is presented to show the use of the AID pixel-gradient range from Red, Green and Blue as information source value. In light of the general objectives in this study, this work highlights how future designers may shift to a hybrid design process.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2024/02/16 13:29

_id ddss9838
id ddss9838
authors Mallory-Hill, Shauna
year 1998
title Building a Case-Based Design Assistant forWorkplace Environment Design
source Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary This paper reports on the early stages of development of a case-based design tool. The purpose of this tool, called the Workplace Environment Design Advisor (WEDA), is to support architects in the conceptual design of workplace environments. The objective of this system is to provide electronic storage, retrieval and the exploration of post-occupancy performance knowledge of workplace environments. The paper provides a description of the reasoning behind choosing a case-based approach and thesteps used to develop a prototype case-based system. This includes recent efforts to collect and structure real case data. This experience led to observations about issues such as case content (the availability and format of post-occupancy data) and retrieval strategies. The data collected for use in the system is based on a building-in-use study of the Centre ofBuilding Research’s office rooms located at the University of Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
series DDSS
last changed 2003/08/07 16:36

_id a616
authors Mallot - Hanspeter, A. and Gillner, S.
year 1998
title Navigation and acquisition of spatial knowledge in a virtual maze
source Journal of Cognitive Neuro-Science, 10, pp. 445-463
summary Spatial behavior in humans and animals includes a wide variety of behavioral competences and makes use of a large number of sensory cues. Here we studied the ability of human subjects to search locations, to find shortcuts and novel paths, to estimate distances between remembered places, and to draw sketch maps of the explored environment; these competences are related to goal-independent memory of space, or cognitive maps. Information on spatial relations was restricted to two types: a visual motion sequence generated by simulated movements in a virtual maze and the subject's own movement decisions defining the path through the maze. Visual information was local (i.e., no global landmarks or compass information was provided). Other position and movement information (vestibular or proprioceptive) was excluded. The amount of visual information provided was varied over four experimental conditions. The results indicate that human subjects are able to learn a virtual maze from sequences of local views and movements. The information acquired is local, consisting of recognized positions and movement decisions associated to them. Although simple associations of this type can be shown to be present in some subjects, more complete configurational knowledge is acquired as well. The results are discussed in a view-based framework of navigation and the representation of spatial knowledge by means of a view graph.
series journal paper
last changed 2003/04/23 15:50

_id sigradi2011_110
id sigradi2011_110
authors Malmod, Alicia; Tejada Silvina
year 2011
title Diseño de una Estrategia de Comunicación en Relación con la Gestión del Riesgo Sísmico desde la Educación [Designing a Communication Strategy in relation to Seismic Risk Management from the field of Education]
source SIGraDi 2011 [Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Argentina - Santa Fe 16-18 November 2011, pp. 308-312
summary This study describes a process developed in relation with the design of a communication strategy that aims to improve the communicability of a Seismic Risk Management Model from the field of Education. This Model and its communication strategy was developed by a research team fromFacultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, which is committed to buildproposals related to seismic risk management. The project is addressed to the Ministry of Education of San JuanProvince, and it aims to contribute to broaden awareness in the levels of decision-making, facing the event of an earthquake disaster.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:55

_id acadiaregional2011_001
id acadiaregional2011_001
authors Malmstrom, Troy M.
year 2011
title Paremetric: Making
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.x.a6p
source Parametricism (SPC) ACADIA Regional 2011 Conference Proceedings
summary Digital fabrication has stimulated the return of the architect as builder over the past fifteen years or so and projects are showing up all over which implement these tools as a major design factor. More recently, parametrics has become a buzzword as its being used to design structures that respond to their environment and other site conditions. While parametrics can be a powerful tool, we rarely see it leave the realm of the design process and venture into the physical world.
series ACADIA
last changed 2022/06/07 07:49

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