Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	sigradi2016_448
id	sigradi2016_448
authors	Afsari, Kereshmeh; Eastman, Charles M.; Shelden, Dennis R.
year	2016
title	Data Transmission Opportunities for Collaborative Cloud-Based Building Information Modeling
source	SIGraDi 2016 [Proceedings of the 20th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Argentina, Buenos Aires 9 - 11 November 2016, pp.907-913
summary	Collaboration within Building Information Modeling process is mainly based on file transfer while BIM data being exchanged in either vendor specific file formats or neutral format using Industry Foundation Classes (IFC). However, since the Web enables Cloud-based BIM services, it provides an opportunity to exchange data via Web transfer services. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to investigate what features of Cloud interoperability can assist a network-based BIM data transmission for a collaborative work flow in the Architecture, Construction, and Engineering (AEC) industry. This study indicates that Cloud-BIM interoperability needs to deploy major components such as APIs, data transfer protocols, data formats, and standardization to redefine BIM data flow in the Cloud and to reshape the collaboration process.
keywords	BIM; Cloud Computing; Data Transmission; Interoperability; IFC
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2021/03/28 19:58

_id	00f3
authors	Baybars, Ilker and Eastman, Charles M.
year	1979
title	Generating the Underlying Graphs for Architectural Arrangements
source	10 p. : ill. Pittsburgh: School of Urban and Public Affairs, Carnegie Mellon University, April, 1979. Research report No.79. Includes bibliography
summary	The mathematical correspondence to a floorplan is a Metric Planar Graph. Several methods for systematic direct generation of metric planar graphs have been developed including polyominoes, March and Matela and shape grammars. Another approach has been to develop a spatial composition in two separate steps. The first step involves discrete variables, and consists of enumerating a defined set of non-metric planar graphs. The second step involves spatial dimensions, e.g. continuous variables, and maps the graphs onto the Euclidean plane, from which a satisfactory or optimal one is selected. This paper focusses on the latter 2-step process. It presents a general method of solving the first step, that is the exhaustive enumeration of a set of planar graphs. The paper consists of three sections: The first section is an introduction to graph theory. The second section presents the generation of maximal planar graphs. The last section summarizes the presentation and comments on the appropriateness of the method
keywords	graphs, floor plans, architecture, design, automation, space allocation
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:15

_id	e825
authors	Baybars, Ilker and Eastman, Charles M.
year	1980
title	Enumerating Architectural Arrangements by Generating Their Underlying Graphs
source	Environment and Planning B. 1980. vol. 7: pp. 289- 310 : ill. includes bibliography. -- See also 'Enumerating Architectural Arrangements: Comment on a Recent Paper by Baybars and Eastman' by C.F. Earl
summary	One mathematical correspondence to the partitioning of the plane is a Weighted Plane Graph (WPG). This paper first focuses on the systematic generation of WPGs, in a fashion similar to crystal growth. During this process, the WPGs are represented by adjacency matrices. The authors, thus, present a method for embedding the WPG in the plane, given its adjacency matrix. These graphs can, then, be mapped into floor plans. The common practice here is the use of the `geometric dual' of a WPG. The authors propose, instead, the use of the `Pseudogeometric dual' of a WPG directly to translate (part of) a design brief into alternative spatial layouts. Also discussed is the ability to create courtyards and/or circulation spaces given a specific WPG, without increasing the size of the problem
keywords	enumeration, architecture, floor plans, graphs, design process, automation, algorithms, space allocation, CAD
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:15

_id	659f
authors	Earl, C.F.
year	1981
title	Enumerating Architectural Arrangements : Comment on a Recent Paper by Baybars and Eastman
source	Environment and Planning B. 1981. vol. 8: pp. 115-118 : ill. includes bibliography. -- See Baybars, I. and Eastman, Charles M. 'Enumerating Architectural Arrangements by Generating Their Underlying Graphs' (Environmental and Planning B, 1980, vol.7, pp. 289-310)
summary	Comments and discussion on the method proposed for generating the graphs for enumerating architectural arrangements by Baybars and Eastman (1980)
keywords	enumeration, architecture, floor plans, graphs
series	CADline
last changed	2003/05/17 10:15

_id	e4b3
authors	Eastman, Charles M.
year	1991
title	Use of Data Modeling in the Conceptual Structuring of Design Problems
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures: Education, Research, Applications [CAAD Futures ‘91 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 3-528-08821-4] Zürich (Switzerland), July 1991, pp. 225-244
summary	An approach is presented for defining the information needed or used in a design task, based on data modeling techniques. Called EDM, it allows representation of the information complexity imposed both from the performances or technologies involved as well as imposed criteria, such as aesthetic intentions. Here, EDM is applied to the design of chairs, a design domain with highly diverse technologies and information structures. The relation is shown between the information considered and the class of designs possible. Also shown is the complexity of different design structures and the implication of information structures for conventional and creative design.
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/05/16 20:58

_id	6f3e
authors	Eastman, Charles M. and Lang, Jurg
year	1991
title	Experiments in Architectural Design Development Using CAD
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures: Education, Research, Applications [CAAD Futures ‘91 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 3-528-08821-4] Zürich (Switzerland), July 1991, pp. 49-64
summary	The need to explore development techniques in computer-based design is reviewed. Some premises are given for design development using computers, including integrating multiple representations, the use of object-based modeling and the importance of visual analysis and 3-D modeling. We then present techniques used in a UCLA design studio that explored methods of computer-based design development based on these premises. The two main methods used were hierarchical object structures and multi-representational coordination. They were applied using conventional CAD systems. Some lessons learned from this class are reviewed.
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/05/16 20:58

_id	882d
authors	Eastman, Charles M. and Liu, Clive K.
year	1981
title	The C-MU Drafting System
source	September, 1981
summary	This document describes the objectives and design of a drafting system under development by the CAD-Graphics Laboratory at Carnegie Mellon University
keywords	CAD, drafting, software
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:15

_id	e7cf
authors	Eastman, Charles M. and Preiss, K.
year	1984
title	A Review of Solid Shape Modelling Based on Integrity
source	Computer Aided Design March, 1984. vol. 16: pp. 66-80 : ill. includes bibliography.
summary	The potential benefits of using a canonical model for representing the shapes of solid objects has led to the design and implementation of a number of geometric modelers with varying capabilities. This paper reviews the approaches taken in solid modeling by defining the well-formedness conditions which must be implemented in any modeling system. The methods for satisfying the well-formedness constraints in the various solid modeling methods are reviewed, using the concept of integrity constraints. The incorporation of integrity constraints, both explicitly and implicitly, into solid modelers are considered, with particular focus on boundary modelers. The use of integrity constraints for defining shape families and assembly families are also presented. The result is a unified view of solid shape modeling systems that enables their classification and extension into particular application areas
keywords	solid modeling, constraints, B-rep
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:15

_id	6890
authors	Eastman, Charles M. and Weiler, Kevin
year	1979
title	Geometric Modeling Using the Euler Operators
source	12 p. : ill. Pittsburgh: Institute of Physical Planning, Carnegie Mellon University, February, 1979. includes bibliography
summary	A recent advance in the modeling of three-dimensional shapes is the joint development of bounded shape models, capable of representing complete and well-formed arbitrary polyhedra, and operators for manipulating them. Two approaches have been developed thus far in forming bounded shape models: to combine a given fixed set of primitive shapes into other possibly more complex ones using the spatial set operators, and/or to apply lower level operators that define and combine faces, edges, loops and vertices to directly construct a shape. The name that has come to be applied to these latter operators is the Euler operators. This paper offers a description of the Euler operators, in a form expected to be useful for prospective implementers and others wishing to better understand their function and behavior. It includes considerations regarding their specification in terms of being able to completely describe different classes of shapes, how to properly specify them and the extent of their well-formedness, especially in terms of their interaction with geometric operations. Example specifications are provided as well as some useful applications. The Euler operators provide different capabilities from the spatial set operators. An extensible CAD/CAM facility needs them both
keywords	Euler operators, boolean operations, CSG, geometric modeling, CAD, CAM, B-rep, solid modeling, theory
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:15

_id	85bb
authors	Eastman, Charles M.
year	1981
title	Computers in Architecture, Design, and Fine and Performing Arts Education
source	5, [6] p. May, 1981
summary	In the next ten years it is expected that the processes and techniques for teaching design will greatly change. Feedback on design decisions - visually and analytically - will be fast and more powerful than is possible today. Much of the busy paper and pencil construction work will be eliminated or greatly reduced. The author anticipates students designing buildings and artifacts on the computer, quickly and with sophistication, achieving results beyond what can be expected through manually based education today. This proposal cannot realize this whole revolution. Rather, it attempts to only take a step outward from the neck of a funnel, showing people opportunities and providing a framework that allows easy extension. Some of these extensions, most of them trivial to develop, are presented in the scenario section of the proposal
keywords	architecture, design, education, CAD
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:15

_id	6e6c
authors	Eastman, Charles M.
year	1981
title	CFA Drafting System : User Interface
source	3, [4] P. November, 1981
summary	This report defines the proposed user interface for the CFA drafting system. It specifies the means for user interaction with the drafting system program and the objectives that led to these design decisions
keywords	user interface, drafting, systems, CAD
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:15

_id	a747
authors	Eastman, Charles M.
year	1982
title	Recent Developments in Representation in the Science of Design
source	9 p. : ill. Pittsburgh: Design Research Center, CMU, April, 1982. includes bibliography
summary	A recent goal in computer aided design is the representation of a design artifact in a form sufficient to support all analyses and to determine that the design is realizable. In this paper, the implications of the development of computer representations for design specifications are reviewed, some components of a theory of design representations are discussed, and the benefits of such a theory outlined
keywords	CAD, theory, design, representation, architecture, geometric modeling
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:15

_id	09a5
authors	Eastman, Charles M.
year	1989
title	Building Modeling in Architectural Design
source	[8] p. : ill. Design & Computation . Los Angeles: Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Planning, UCLA, 1989? includes bibliography
summary	This paper reviews building modeling from the perspective of U.S. architectural practice. During the previous twenty years of computer-aided architectural design, the underlying paradigm has mimicked a paper-based technology. The future of design, however, is proposed to be in building modeling. A review of building modeling is provided and some prospects for architectural design, based on its concepts, are proposed
keywords	CAD, building, modeling, architecture, design
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:15

_id	0642
authors	Eastman, Charles M.
year	1989
title	Why Are We Here and Where We are Going: The Evolution of CAD
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1989.009
source	New Ideas and Directions for the 1990’s [ACADIA Conference Proceedings] Gainsville (Florida - USA) 27-29 October 1989, pp. 9-26
summary	This paper reviews architectural CAD in terms of its current use, development and status within the U.S. The characteristics of a new generation of architectural CAD system, called building modeling, are outlined. Criteria are developed for the evaluation of CAD systems that support building modeling. Some of the opportunities for universities growing out of building modeling are reviewed, including pedagogical implications and opportunities for research.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	8b27
authors	Eastman, Charles M.
year	1990
title	Vector Versus Raster : A Functional Comparison of Drawing Technologies
source	IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications. September, 1990. vol. 10: pp. 68-80 : ill. includes bibliography
summary	Raster drawing systems have emerged as an alternative to more traditional vector-based CAD drafting systems. With engineering drawing in mind, the author compares the functional capabilities of these two technologies and explores means for integrating the best features of both. The characteristics examined are not those of any particular raster or vector implementation but are derived from the underlying technologies
keywords	CAD, drawings, systems, technology, scanning, computer graphics
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:15

_id	e949
authors	Eastman, Charles M.
year	1991
title	Modeling of Buildings : Evolution and Concepts
source	Computer Integrated Future, CIB W78 Seminar September, 1991. Unnumbered : ill. includes bibliography.
summary	This presentation reviews the concepts of building modeling as they evolved historically, through research and previous and current products. It points out some limitations of current systems and concepts and identifies some additional ones that will probably be integrated into an eventual production quality building model
keywords	building, modeling, architecture, design, CAD
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:15

_id	467d
authors	Eastman, Charles M.
year	1991
title	A Data Model Analysis of Modularity and Extensibility in Building Databases
source	February, 1991. Report No. 16: This paper uses data modeling techniques to define how database schemas for an intelligent integrated architectural CAD system can be made extensible. It reviews the product data modeling language EDM, then applies it to define a part of an architectural data model. Extensions are then investigated, regarding how users could integrate various design-specific packages into a uniquely configured system
summary	Both extension by substituting one technology for another and by adding a new evaluation application, are considered. Data modeling allows specification of a CAD database and identification of the kind of modularization that will work and what problems may arise
keywords	database, building, modeling, CAD, integration, systems, architecture, design
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:15

_id	0457
authors	Fereshetian, Nirva and Eastman, Charles M.
year	1991
title	A Comparison of Information Models for Product Design
source	Computer Integrated Future, CIB W78 Seminar. Calibre, The Netherlands: Eindhoven University of Technology, September, 1991. Unnumbered. includes bibliography
summary	This paper develops the data modeling requirements for modeling products, as required for the development of integrated databases in architecture and construction. These requirements are then applied to four data models: Entity- Relationship Model, NIAM, IDEF1x and EDM
keywords	building, modeling, integration, systems, database, construction
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:15

_id	4b8e
authors	Kalay, Yehuda E. and Eastman, Charles M.
year	1983
title	Shape Operation : An Algorithm For Binary Combining Boundary Model Solids
source	November, 1983. 30 p. : ill. includes bibliography
summary	The attractiveness of shape operators to end-users of geometric modeling systems stems from their intuitive clarity. Their implementation, however, is one of the most difficult algorithms in computational geometry. This complexity is further increased by the special properties of surfaces, such as orientation, that places the algorithm in the domain of manifold theory more than of set theory. A theoretical base for applying the set-theoretic operators of union, intersection and difference to spatial domains is presented, along with an algorithm that is successful in negotiating these complexities and all their special cases (in particular the presence of coincidental surfaces). The general principles of representing solids through their bounding surfaces and topics in manifold theory and boolean algebra relevant to understanding the algorithm are also discussed. The algorithm has been successfully implemented in three different geometric modeling systems over a period of four years. Some example of its application are included
keywords	algorithms, boolean operations, solid modeling, B-rep, geometric modeling, topology
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:18

_id	acadia23_v3_211
id	acadia23_v3_211
authors	Kataw, Hanan
year	2023
title	ACADIA’s Open Call: Expanding the Narrative of Diversity and Inclusion in Computational Design
source	ACADIA 2023: Habits of the Anthropocene: Scarcity and Abundance in a Post-Material Economy [Volume 3: Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Conference for the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9891764-1-0]. Denver. 26-28 October 2023. edited by A. Crawford, N. Diniz, R. Beckett, J. Vanucchi, M. Swackhamer 24-32.
summary	The Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) was founded on October 17, 1981. The first meeting was held at Carnegie-Mellon University and attended by 24 founding members. When the history of ACADIA is discussed, out of these two dozen founders, three are frequently noted: William Mitchell, Charles Eastman, and Chris Yessios. Mitchell was a pioneer in computer-aided design and smart cities research and is, as Wassim Jabi, ACADIA’s 21st president put it, “one of ACADIA’s most famous founding members.”1 Eastman was not only ACADIA’s first president, but also one of the leading figures in the history of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and is often referred to as “the father of BIM.” Yessios is widely known for his work at Ohio State University and his role in developing Form.Z.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2024/04/17 14:00

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