Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	2475
authors	Asimov, Isaac
year	1968
title	The Perfect Machine
source	Science Journal October, 1968. pp. 115-118 : ill.
summary	The author takes a semi-serious look at the world of computers, robots and androids in an attempt to find a recipe for the perfect machine. Described in this article are the possible attributes of the perfect machine and some of the problems it might raise
keywords	robotics, science fiction
series	CADline
last changed	1999/02/12 15:07

_id	5cf4
id	5cf4
authors	Barrionuevo, Luis F.
year	2004
title	LOS "SPIROSPACES"
source	Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference of Mathematics & Design, Special Edition of the Journal of Mathematics & Design, Volume 4, No.1, pp. 179-187.
summary	This paper deals with “Spirospaces”. These are a conversion to the third dimension of the two dimensional geometric entities called “Spirolaterals”. Abelson, Harold, diSessa and Andera (1968) gave the first rules concerning Spirolaterals. To obtain a Spirolateral from a set of straight lines, the first of them must be one unit long and the following must be incremented one unit at each step, at the same time that they turn in a constant direction. Odds (1973) establish the variation of the rotation direction, either to the left or the right. However, he did not give a mathematical relation able to calculate open Spirolaterals. Krawczyk (2001) developed a computer program that generates Spirolaterals following the method suggested by Abelson. These are Spirolaterals obtained by enumeration without a predictive mathematical formula. Krawczyc went farther proposing Spirolaterals based in curved lines. He pointed out that there are a variety of spirolateral forms that have architectural potentiality. Following this, the architectural potentiality of Spirolaterals is the basis of this paper. To take advantage of that potentiality a computer program was implemented to generate spatial configurations based in Spirolaterals. When a third dimension is given to the Spirolaterals they become Spirospaces. These new entities need spatial and design parameters to be useful for architectural purposes. Barrionuevo and Borsetti (2001) gave results about that work establishing the concept of Spirospaces. The aim of this paper is to describe a work directed to improve rules and procedures concerning Spirospaces. It is expected that these procedures governed by the proposed rules can be employed as tools during the early steps in the architectural design process. In this work some aspects concerning Spirospaces are considered. First, Spirolaterals are presented as the predecessors of Spirospaces. Second, Spirospaces are defined, together with their structural parameters. Architectural modeling is studied at the light of two special elements of the Spirospaces: Interstitial spaces and Object spaces. Next, a computer program is presented as the appropriate tool to model configurations having architectural potentiality. Finally, the results obtained running the computer program are analyzed to determine their possible use as architectural forms. Several graphic illustrations are presented showing steps going from the exploration of spatial alternatives to the selection of a specific configuration to be developed. It is expected that the described computer program could be employed as a design aid tool. As the operation of the program generates a variety of spaces able to dwell architectural objects, it eases the search of configurations suitable to specific functions. The results obtained have the possibility of being exported to computer graphic applications able to add materials, lights and cameras.
keywords	Spirolaterals, Spirospaces, architectural spaces, interstitial spaces, objectual spaces
series	other
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2005/04/07 15:34

_id	caadria2022_507
id	caadria2022_507
authors	Bolojan, Daniel, Vermisso, Emmanouil and Yousif, Shermeen
year	2022
title	Is Language All We Need? A Query Into Architectural Semantics Using a Multimodal Generative Workflow
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.1.353
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 353-362
summary	This project examines how interconnected artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted workflows can address the limitations of current language-based models and streamline machine-vision related tasks for architectural design. A precise relationship between text and visual feature representation is problematic and can lead to "ambiguity‚ in the interpretation of the morphological/tectonic complexity of a building. Textual representation of a design concept only addresses spatial complexity in a reductionist way, since the outcome of the design process is co-dependent on multiple interrelated systems, according to systems theory (Alexander 1968). We propose herewith a process of feature disentanglement (using low level features, i.e., composition) within an interconnected generative adversarial networks (GANs) workflow. The insertion of natural language models within the proposed workflow can help mitigate the semantic distance between different domains and guide the encoding of semantic information throughout a domain transfer process.
keywords	Neural Language Models, GAN, Domain Transfer, Design Agency, Semantic Encoding, SDG 9
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	82cd
authors	Comba, Paul G.
year	1968
title	A Procedure for Detecting Intersections of Three-Dimensional Objects
source	Journal of the Association for Computing Machinery. July, 1968. vol. 15: pp. 354-366 ; ill. includes bibliography
summary	As a step toward the solution of the placement problem in engineering design, a procedure has been developed for detecting intersections of convex regions in 3-space by means of a pseudocharacteristic function. The mathematical techniques underlying the procedure are discussed, and a system of programs embodying these techniques is described. As a special case a solution is given for the hidden-line problem in graphic display
keywords	intersection, interference, engineering, design, modeling, computer graphics, hidden lines, computational geometry, algorithms
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	273f
authors	Elcock, E.W.
year	1983
title	How Complete are Knowledge Representation Systems?
source	IEEE Computer. IEEE computer society, October, 1983. vol. 16: pp. 114-118. includes bibliography
summary	Prolog, the most feasible of the first-order logic systems, has intriguing analogies with Absys, short for Aberdeen System, an assertative programming system developed in 1968. In this article, the issue of incompleteness is explored by comparing aspects of the two systems, and the incompleteness resulting from any serious use of Prolog as a vehicle for a knowledge-based system is addressed
keywords	PROLOG, algorithms, knowledge, systems, languages
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	caadria2012_089
id	caadria2012_089
authors	Fernando, R.; R. Drogemuller and A. Burden
year	2012
title	Parametric and generative methods with building information modelling: Connecting BIM with explorative design modelling
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2012.537
source	Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Chennai 25-28 April 2012, pp. 537–546
summary	Parametric and generative modelling methods are ways in which computer models are made more flexible, and of formalising domain-specific knowledge. At present, no open standard exists for the interchange of parametric and generative information. The Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) which are an open standard for interoperability in building information models is presented as the base for an open standard in parametric modelling. The advantage of allowing parametric and generative representations are that the early design process can allow for more iteration and changes can be implemented quicker than with traditional models. This paper begins with a formal definition of what constitutes to be parametric and generative modelling methods and then proceeds to describe an open standard in which the interchange of components could be implemented. As an illustrative example of generative design, Frazer’s ‘Reptiles’ project from 1968 is reinterpreted.
keywords	Building information model; parametric modelling; generative modelling
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ga0202
id	ga0202
authors	Frazer, Jh., Frazer, J., Liu X., Tang M. and Janssen, P.
year	2002
title	Generative and Evolutionary Techniques for Building Envelope Design
source	International Conference on Generative Art
summary	The authors have been involved in the use of generative techniques for building envelope design since 1968 and the use of genetic algorithms since 1990. Recent work has focused on incorporating optimisation functions into form generating processes in order for new forms responding to varied design environments to be created and determined. This paper will summarise the authors’ previous work in this field and explain the theory behind this approach, and illustrate recent developments. While the initial implementation of a new building envelope design system is reported in more details in a related paper at this conference, this paper outlines its main features and points out the direction at which it is to be fully developed and further improved.
series	other
email
more	http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed	2003/08/07 17:25

_id	ascaad2023_032
id	ascaad2023_032
authors	Kalak, Dogan; Aydin, Serdar; Özer, Derya
year	2023
title	Use of Generative Systems to Create Semi-Public Spaces in Contemporary Neighborhood Texture
source	C+++: Computation, Culture, and Context – Proceedings of the 11th International Conference of the Arab Society for Computation in Architecture, Art and Design (ASCAAD), University of Petra, Amman, Jordan [Hybrid Conference] 7-9 November 2023, pp. 306-323.
summary	Cul-de-sacs are examined together with the urban reading in Siverek. Studying cul-de-sacs is instrumental to understand the morphology of Islamic cities. Cul-de-sacs provide a buffer zone between main roads and houses. For this reason, both the privacy phenomenon, which is one of the important issues for Islam, and the safe space need of the residents are important spatial elements. Until 1968, the city of Siverek developed organically within a compact texture of narrow and curvilinear streets, open courtyards, and a adjacent high-walled residences. In this texture, many semi-private cul-de-sacs have an organic form, which is one of the critical spatial elements of the city. Residential walls or courtyard walls form the natural line of traditional streets. In this study, typological analyses of cul-de-sacs were made, and form grammar, a productive method used to analyze architectural language, is included. It aims to examine the relationship between residential settlement and street using the data set created with shape grammars and to make urban propositions for neighbourhood structures in the context of a cul-de-sac using L-systems in the next step. Some parameters have been determined in forming cul-de-sacs that form the urban texture. These parameters were transferred to the model using digital tools. A method thought to be used in urban production has been put forward. The most important reference of this method is dead-end streets.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2024/02/13 14:34

_id	caadria2009_026
id	caadria2009_026
authors	Ostwald, Michael J.; Josephine Vaughan
year	2009
title	Calculating Visual Complexity In Peter Eisenman’s Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2009.075
source	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Yunlin (Taiwan) 22-25 April 2009, pp. 75-84
summary	This paper describes the results of the first computational investigation of characteristic visual complexity in the architecture of Peter Eisenman. The research uses a variation of the “box-counting” approach to determining a quantitative value of the formal complexity present in five of Eisenman’s early domestic works (Houses I, II, III, IV and VI all of which were completed between 1968 and 1976). The boxcounting approach produces an approximate fractal dimension calculation for the visual complexity of an architectural elevation. This method has previously been used to analyse a range of historic and modern buildings including the works of Frank Lloyd Wright, Eileen Gray, Le Corbusier and Kazuyo Sejima. Peter Eisenman’s early house designs–important precursors to his later Deconstructivist works–are widely regarded as possessing a high degree of formal consistency and a reasonably high level of visual complexity. Through this analysis it is possible to quantify both the visual complexity and the degree of consistency present in this work for the first time.
keywords	Computational analysis; fractal dimension; box-counting; Peter Eisenman
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	2005_615
id	2005_615
authors	Serrato-Combe, Antonio
year	2005
title	Lindenmayer Systems – Experimenting with Software String Rewriting as an Assist to the Study and Generation of Architectural Form
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2005.615
source	Digital Design: The Quest for New Paradigms [23nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-3-2] Lisbon (Portugal) 21-24 September 2005, pp. 615-621
summary	In 1968 Aristid Lindenmayer proposed a series of mathematical constructs as a foundation for an axiomatic theory of form development. Since that time, Lindenmayer Systems or L-systems have evolved and found many practical applications in the computer visualization area. Generation of fractal imagery, realistic modeling and high quality visualization of organic forms and even music generation are now possible with the assistance of L-systems. But, is it possible to use L-systems in architectural design? Why would anyone use L-systems in architectural design? How would one use them? What could one expect from their use? In addition to providing answers to the above questions this paper presents: 1. Concepts behind L-systems 2. The need to transform L-Systems so they can have creative architectural application possibilities 3. Examples on the architectural use of L-Systems 4. Conclusions
keywords	Form Generation, Lindenmayer, String rewriting, Visualization
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	sigradi2005_161
id	sigradi2005_161
authors	Serrato-Combe, Antonio
year	2005
title	Lindenmayer Systems – Experimenting with Software String Rewriting as an Assist to the Study and Generation of Architectural Form
source	SIGraDi 2005 - [Proceedings of the 9th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Lima - Peru 21-24 november 2005, vol. 1, pp. 161-166
summary	In 1968 Aristid Lindenmayer proposed a series of mathematical constructs as a foundation for an axiomatic theory of form development. Since that time, Lindenmayer Systems or L-systems have evolved and found many practical applications in the computer visualization area. Generation of fractal imagery, realistic modeling and high quality visualization of organic forms and even music generation are now possible with the assistance of L-systems. But, is it possible to use L-systems in architectural design? Why would anyone use L-systems in architectural design? How would one use them? What could one expect from their use?
series	SIGRADI
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2016/03/10 10:00

_id	8245
authors	Shaviv, Edna and Greenberg, Donald P.
year	1968
title	Funicular Surface Structures: a Computer Graphics Approach
source	Bulletin of the International Association for Shell Structures. Madrid, Spain: 1968. pp. 15-26 : ill. includes some bibliographical notes
summary	This paper describes the problem of finding the shape of the middle surface of a shell when the loading and the stress resultants distributions are known. Differential equations are set up and solved using the finite difference technique. Several solutions are presented by means of an electronic computer and a plotter
keywords	curved surfaces, structures, synthesis, architecture, computer graphics, algorithms
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	caadria2006_633
id	caadria2006_633
authors	WAN-YU LIU
year	2006
title	THE EMERGING DIGITAL STYLE: Attention shift in architectural style recognition
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2006.x.g4f
source	CAADRIA 2006 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Kumamoto (Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, 633-635
summary	“Style” has long been an important index to observe the design thinking of designers in architecture. Gombrich (1968) defined style as a particular selection from the alternatives when doing things; Ackerman (1963) considered that a distiguishable ensemble of certain characteristics we call a style; Schapiro (1961) pointed out that style is constant forms, and sometimes the constant elements, qualities and expression; Kirsch (1998), Cha and Gero (1999) thought of style as a form element and shape pattern. As Simon and others referred to, style emerged from the process of problem solving, Chan (1994, 2001) ever devised a serious of experiments to set up the operational definitions of style, further five factors that relate to generating styles. Owing to that the greater part of sketches and drawings in the design process couldn’t be replaced by computer-aided design systems (Eisentraut, 1997), designers must shift between different problem-solving methods while facing different design problems. The purpose in this research is to discuss the influences of computer usage on style generation and style recognition: The employment of certain procedural factors that occurred in the design processes that using conventional media is different from the ones that using computer media? Do personal styles emerge while designers shifting between different media in the design processes? Does any unusual phenomenon emerge while accustomed CAD-systems designers recognizing a style?
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	caadria2021_001
id	caadria2021_001
authors	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.)
year	2021
title	CAADRIA 2021: Projections, Volume 2
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.2
source	PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, 764 p.
summary	Rapidly evolving technologies are increasingly shaping our societies as well as our understanding of the discipline of architecture. Computational developments in fields such as machine learning and data mining enable the creation of learning networks that involve architects alongside algorithms in developing new understanding. Such networks are increasingly able to observe current social conditions, plan, decide, act on changing scenarios, learn from the consequences of their actions, and recognize patterns out of complex activity networks. While digital technologies have already enabled architecture to transcend static physical boxes, new challenges of the present and visions for the future continue to call for both innovative responses integrating emerging technologies into experimental architectural practice and their critical reflection. In this process, the capability of adapting to complex social and environmental challenges through learning, prototyping and verifying solution proposals in the context of rapidly shifting realities has become a core challenge to the architecture discipline. Supported by advancing technologies, architects and researchers are creating new frameworks for digital workflows that engage with new challenges in a variety of ways. Learning networks that recognize patterns from massive data, rapid prototyping systems that flexibly iterate innovative physical solutions, and adaptive design methods all contribute to a flexible and networked digital architecture that is able to learn from both past and present to evolve towards a promising vision of the future.
series	CAADRIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	caadria2021_000
id	caadria2021_000
authors	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.)
year	2021
title	CAADRIA 2021: Projections, Volume 1
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1
source	PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, 768 p.
summary	Rapidly evolving technologies are increasingly shaping our societies as well as our understanding of the discipline of architecture. Computational developments in fields such as machine learning and data mining enable the creation of learning networks that involve architects alongside algorithms in developing new understanding. Such networks are increasingly able to observe current social conditions, plan, decide, act on changing scenarios, learn from the consequences of their actions, and recognize patterns out of complex activity networks. While digital technologies have already enabled architecture to transcend static physical boxes, new challenges of the present and visions for the future continue to call for both innovative responses integrating emerging technologies into experimental architectural practice and their critical reflection. In this process, the capability of adapting to complex social and environmental challenges through learning, prototyping and verifying solution proposals in the context of rapidly shifting realities has become a core challenge to the architecture discipline. Supported by advancing technologies, architects and researchers are creating new frameworks for digital workflows that engage with new challenges in a variety of ways. Learning networks that recognize patterns from massive data, rapid prototyping systems that flexibly iterate innovative physical solutions, and adaptive design methods all contribute to a flexible and networked digital architecture that is able to learn from both past and present to evolve towards a promising vision of the future.
series	CAADRIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	acadia23_v3_49
id	acadia23_v3_49
authors	A. Noel, Vernelle; Dortdivanlioglu, Hayri
year	2023
title	Text-to-image generators: Semiotics, Semantics, Syntax, and Society
source	ACADIA 2023: Habits of the Anthropocene: Scarcity and Abundance in a Post-Material Economy [Volume 3: Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Conference for the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9891764-1-0]. Denver. 26-28 October 2023. edited by A. Crawford, N. Diniz, R. Beckett, J. Vanucchi, M. Swackhamer 24-32.
summary	Text-to-image generators, such as Midjourney, DALL-E, and Stable Diffusion, are becoming increasingly popular. These generators, whose models are trained on large datasets of text-image pairs, often scraped from the web, take text prompts as input, and use them to generate images—text-to-image prompting. In this visual essay, we raise questions about the entanglement of semiotics, semantics, syntax, and society in these text-to-image generator tools. We are intrigued by how these technologies are “intrawoven” with social and cultural contexts. How are their constructions and presentations reconfigurations? How do, or might they, inform pedagogy, theory, methods, and our publics? To explore these questions, we entered six prompts related to the built environment in six different languages, eight months apart in Midjourney (“Midjourney” n.d.). The generated images (Figure 1), require that we ask deep questions of each image, in comparison with each other, across each group of four, and across time (eight months apart). We argue that text-to-image generators call for a rigorous exploration of semiotics, semantics, syntax, and the society, with implications for pedagogy, theory-building, methodologies, and public enlightenment. Furthermore, we assert that these tools can facilitate pertinent questions about the relationships between technology and society. This is just the beginning. For now, we have questions.
series	ACADIA
type	field note
email
last changed	2024/04/17 13:59

_id	sigradi2006_c129b
id	sigradi2006_c129b
authors	Abad, Gabriel; Adriane Borde; Mónica Fuentes; Virginia Agrielav; Adriana Granero and Jacqueline Fernández
year	2006
title	Producción colaborativa de material de enseñanza-aprendizaje de Gráfica Digital con aportes multidisciplinarios [Collaborative production for taught-learning materials for digital graphic with multidisciplinary contributions]
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 117-121
summary	For a contribution to problem solving processes at different areas, this paper presents the use of Digital Graphics as a knowledge object for a distance teaching/learning workshop. At the Learning Management System, different theoretical subjects with supporting tools were proposed, and exercises requiring collaborative work. An specific didactic situation using available technologies at Internet for 3D modelling, combined with satellite images and geographic information program was proposed. The final works were then shared by a 3D models repository. As a complement of this experience and in relation with their professional work, every student proposed a new didactic situation including Learning Objects, sharing them with the others members of the group, through conceptual maps built up in a co-operative way.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	ascaad2009_000
id	ascaad2009_000
authors	Abdelhameed, Wael; N. Hamza and A. Bennadji (eds.)
year	2009
title	Digitizing Architecture: Formalization and Content
source	4th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2009)[ISBN 978-99901-06-77-0], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 11-12 May 2009, 463 p.
summary	CAAD is constantly provoking and raising many potentials, challenges and arguments in academia, practice, and even in the theory of architecture itself. This process starts with the pedagogy of designing and the ongoing questions such as how much of CAAD should be incorporated in teaching, and ends with digital design technologies and the new emerging questions such as how biologically inspired computational processes alter the form of our architecture and the typical design process. Architecture originates from peoples’ needs and beliefs. The new forms of digital architecture generate debates in terms of various important issues, ranging from emotional and social factors to sustainability and warming climate. The focus area of the conference can be shaped, as follows: considering all these potentials, challenges, and arguments, which we have to benefit from and cope with, are there truly legitimate concerns about the future of our architecture and its content in particular from human and environmental dimensions? Can we develop our own ways of benefiting from the technology that cater to our environment and culture? Can we still see the form of architecture in the traditional way or should we change our perspectives? In other words the conference concentrates on bridging between the new digital form and the traditional human content.
series	ASCAAD
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2010/02/26 07:31

_id	41e5
authors	Abendroth, M., Decock, J. and Mestaoui, N.
year	2000
title	O_1:// the hypertextu(r)al matrix
source	SIGraDi’2000 - Construindo (n)o espacio digital (constructing the digital Space) [4th SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 85-88027-02-X] Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) 25-28 september 2000, pp. 75-76
summary	Founded in 1995 LAB[au], laboratory for architecture and urbanism, links theoretic research LAB[a+u] to concrete works of conception and realisations LA.BAU. LAB[au] elaborates a “hyperdesign” investigating the implications of new technologies of communication and computation in spatiotemporal and social processes and their forms of representation as architecture and urbanism. The transposition of the hypertext model to architectural and urban concepts question the mutation of the spatial and semantic construct of space. The definition of architecture as a code is based on “glocal” systems according to the processes of computation and communication.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	f08d
authors	Abrahamson, S., Wallace, D., Senin, N. and Sferro, P.
year	2000
title	Integrated design in a service marketplace
source	Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 32 (2) (2000) pp. 97-107
summary	This paper presents a service marketplace vision for enterprise-wide integrated design modeling. In this environment, expert participants and product developmentorganizations are empowered to publish their geometric design, CAE, manufacturing, or marketing capabilities as live services that are operable over the Internet. Theseservices are made available through a service marketplace. Product developers, small or large, can subscribe to and flexibly inter-relate these services to embody adistributed product development organization, while simultaneously creating system models that allow the prediction and analysis of integrated product performance. It ishypothesized that product development services will become commodities, much like many component-level products are today. It will be possible to rapidly interchangeequivalent design service providers so that the development of the product and the definition of the product development organization become part of the same process.Computer-aided design tools will evolve to facilitate the publishing of live design services. A research prototype system called DOME is used to illustrate the concept and apilot study with Ford Motor Company is used in a preliminary assessment of the vision.
keywords	Integrated Modeling, System Modeling, Design Service Marketplace
series	journal paper
email
last changed	2003/05/15 21:33

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