Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	2005_529
id	2005_529
authors	Mayer, Rosirene and Turkienicz, Benamy
year	2005
title	Cognitive Process, Styles and Grammars
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2005.529
source	Digital Design: The Quest for New Paradigms [23nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-3-2] Lisbon (Portugal) 21-24 September 2005, pp. 529-536
summary	This paper argues that individual architectural styles are ways to express different theories of architecture. These theories, in turn, are related to the architect’s design purposes or goals. In order to understand the cognitive process involved in the creation of a particular language or style goals have to be decomposed in subgoals, which will be related, step-by-step, to the vocabulary and syntactic rules adopted by these architects. The study should contribute to the development of models allowing the incorporation of cognitive processes in the generation of synthetic grammars. It is assumed that this will be made possible through the correlation between semantic rules and syntactic rules in shape grammars. As a case, this paper analyses semantic extensions of the architectural language of the Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer defined by the constructive approach.
keywords	Cognitive Process, Style, Synthetic Grammars, Design Goals, SemanticRules
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	781d
id	781d
authors	Mayer, Rosirene; Turkienicz, Benamy
year	2005
title	Generative Process of Oskar Niemeyer‘s Style
source	2005 Aesthetics and Architectural Composition. Proceedings of the Dresden International Symposium of Architecture 2004 (to appear in "pro Literatur Verlag", D-82291 Mammendorf ISBN: 3-86611-022-7 / Editors: Ralf Weber/Matthias Albrecht Amann/ TU Dresden
summary	The aim of this study is to outline the structure of a possible grammar of Oscar Niemeyer’s architectural language, focusing on the so-called “free forms.” The idea is to assess the extent to which it is possible to shed some light on the discussion of architectural freedom as used by many authors when describing the work of the Brazilian architect. The investigation associates geometric relations present in Niemeyer’s buildings to the Shape Grammar model as proposed by Stiny & Gips (1975). The model made possible the depiction of consistencies in vocabulary, rules and operations deployed by Niemeyer. This eventually led to the description of an original architectural language present in Niemeyer’s buildings.
keywords	Shape Grammars, Oskar Niemeyer, Generative process
series	other
type	symposium
email
last changed	2006/10/01 08:39

_id	ecaade2024_92
id	ecaade2024_92
authors	Mayor Luque, Ricardo; Beguin, Nestor; Rizvi Riaz, Sheikh; Dias, Jessica; Pandey, Sneham
year	2024
title	Multi-material Gradient Additive Manufacturing: A data-driven performative design approach to multi-materiality through robotic fabrication
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2024.1.381
source	Kontovourkis, O, Phocas, MC and Wurzer, G (eds.), Data-Driven Intelligence - Proceedings of the 42nd Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2024), Nicosia, 11-13 September 2024, Volume 1, pp. 381–390
summary	Buildings are responsible for 39% of global energy-related carbon emissions, with operational activities contributing 28% and materials and construction accounting for 11%(World Green Building Council, 2019) It is therefore vital to reconsider our reliance on fossil fuels for building materials and to develop new advanced manufacturing techniques that enable an integrated approach to material-controlled conception and production. The emergence of Multi-material Additive Manufacturing (MM-AM) technology represents a paradigm shift in producing elements with hybrid properties derived from novel and optimized solutions. Through robotic fabrication, MM-AM offers streamlined operations, reduced material usage, and innovative fabrication methods. It encompasses a plethora of methods to address diverse construction needs and integrates material gradients through data-driven analyses, challenging traditional prefabrication practices and emphasizing the current growth of machine learning algorithms in design processes. The research outlined in this paper presents an innovative approach to MM-AM gradient 3D printing through robotic fabrication, employing data-driven performative analyses enabling control over print paths for sustainable applications in both the AM industry and our built environment. The article highlights several designed prototypes from two distinct phases, demonstrating the framework's viability, implications, and constraints: a workshop dedicated to data-driven analyses in facade systems for MM-AM 3D-printed brick components, and a 3D-printed brick facade system utilizing two renewable and bio-materials—Cork sourced from recycled stoppers and Charcoal, with the potential for carbon sequestration.
keywords	Data-driven Performative design, Multi-material 3d Printing, Material Research, Fabrication-informed Material Design, Robotic Fabrication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/11/17 22:05

_id	ecaade2023_44
id	ecaade2023_44
authors	Mayrhofer-Hufnagl, Ingrid and Ennemoser, Benjamin
year	2023
title	From Linear to Manifold Interpolation: Exemplifying the paradigm shift through interpolation
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.419
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 2, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 419–429
summary	The advent of artificial intelligence, specifically neural networks, has marked a significant turning point in the field of computation. During such transformative times, we are often faced with a dearth of appropriate vocabulary, which forces us to rely on existing terms, regardless of their inadequacy. This paper argues that the term “interpolation,” typically used in deep learning (DL), is a prime example of this phenomenon. It is not uncommon for beginners to misunderstand its meaning, as DL pioneer Francois Chollet (2017) has noted. This misreading is especially true in the discipline of architecture, and this study aims to demonstrate how the meaning of “interpolation” has evolved in the second digital turn. We begin by illustrating, using 2D data, the difference between linear interpolation in the context of topological figures and its use in DL algorithms. We then demonstrate how 3DGANs can be employed to interpolate across different topologies in complex 3D space, highlighting the distinction between linear and manifold interpolation. In both 2D and 3D examples, our results indicate that the process does not involve continuous morphing but instead resembles the piecing together of a jigsaw puzzle to form many parts of a larger ambient space. Our study reveals how previous architectural research on DL has employed the term “interpolation” without clarifying the crucial differences from its use in the first digital turn. We demonstrate the new possibilities that manifold interpolation offers for architecture, which extend well beyond parametric variations of the same topology.
keywords	Interpolation, 3D Generative Adversarial Networks, Deep Learning, Hybrid Space
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	ijac202321204
id	ijac202321204
authors	Mayrhofer-Hufnagl, Ingrid; Ennemoser, Benjamin
year	2023
title	Advancing justice in a city’s complex systems using designs enabled by space
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2023, Vol. 21 - no. 2, 280–296
summary	Understanding the importance of data is crucial for realizing the full potential of AI in architectural design. Satellite images are extremely numerous, continuous, high resolution, and accessible, allowing nuanced experimentation through dataset curation. Combining deep learning with remote-sensing technologies, this study poses the following questions. Do newly available datasets uncover ideas about the city previously hidden because urban theory is predominantly Eurocentric? Do extensive and continuous datasets promise a more refined examination of datasets’ effects on outcomes? Generative adversarial networks can endlessly generate new designs based on a curated dataset, but architectural evaluation has been questionable. We employ quantitative and qualitative assessment metrics to investigate human collaboration with AI, producing results that contribute to understanding AI-based urban design models and the significance of dataset curation.
keywords	remote sensing, generative deep learning, urban design, generative adversarial networks, feature visualization
series	journal
last changed	2024/04/17 14:30

_id	acadia03_046
id	acadia03_046
authors	Maze, J., McGlothlin, M. and Tanzer, K.
year	2003
title	Fluid (in)form:Influencing Design Through Dynamic Particle Simulation
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.357
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 357-363
summary	“My earliest childhood memories are related to a ranch my family owned near the village of Mazamitla. It was a pueblo with hills, formed by houses with tile roofs and immense eaves to shield passersby from the heavy rains which fall in that area. Even the earth’s color was interesting because it was red earth. In this village, the water distribution system consisted of great gutted logs, in the form of troughs, which ran on a support structure of tree forks, five meters high, above the roofs. The aqueduct crossed over the town, reaching the patios, where there were great stone fountains to receive the water. The patios outside the stables, with cows and chickens, all together. Outside, in the street, there were iron rings to tie the horses. The channeled logs, covered with moss, dripped water all over town, of course. It gave this village the ambience of a fairy tale.”(Luis Barragan,qtd in Ambasz 1976)
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	d5a0
authors	Maze, John
year	2002
title	Virtual Tactility: Working to Overcome Perceptual and Conceptual Barriers in the Digital Design Studio
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2002.325
source	Thresholds - Design, Research, Education and Practice, in the Space Between the Physical and the Virtual [Proceedings of the 2002 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-11-X] Pomona (California) 24-27 October 2002, pp. 325-331
summary	In the digital age, what is the role of tactility in the digital design process as it is taught in schools ofarchitecture today? Often, students are never taught to appeal to any sense other than sight,particularly now as digital media is embraced as a valuable design tool. Yet, are there some essentialcharacteristics of architecture and the phenomenology of place making that is being cast aside due tothe nature of the tools being used? However true or enigmatic this may be, there is a way of workingand teaching that exists somewhere between the digital and the tactile.This paper postulates a hybrid working environment in the design studio that not only takes advantageof the strengths of various design media, but also focuses on reinterpreting its limits and drawbacks.The ultimate outcome will be a new digital media (intermedia) pedagogy that can revolutionize the waythat we teach architecture and, moreover, computer “aided” design.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	5c49
authors	Mazijoglou, M. and Scrivener, S.A.R.
year	1998
title	The rich picture of design activity
source	Automation in Construction 7 (2-3) (1998) pp. 157-175
summary	This paper describes the development of a scheme for representing design activity, called a Rich Picture, designed to assist inductive analysis. This Rich Picture combines different transcription schemes that capture both verbal and non-verbal aspects of the design activity. The transcriptions produced using these schemes are linked together and back to the design activity raw data, such as drawings, video and audio recordings, and workspace resources. In producing the Rich Picture the aim is not to prove that design activity is one thing or another, nor are the schemes intended as measures, nor are they intended as a means of reducing data to a manageable form (although they do enable selective review). Essentially, the transcriptions augment the design activity and together with this raw data comprise the Rich Picture which, it is argued, provides a powerful resource for interpretation and analysis.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	ascaad2009_said_mazouz
id	ascaad2009_said_mazouz
authors	Mazouz, Said
year	2009
title	A Conceptual Framework for a Decision Making Aid in the Design Process: Reference to environmental issues
source	Digitizing Architecture: Formalization and Content [4th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2009) / ISBN 978-99901-06-77-0], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 11-12 May 2009, pp. 135-151
summary	The research, which is the subject of this paper, is concerned with the integration of the environmental variables in the process of architectural design. It is contended that the theory and the architectural practice are characterised by everlasting series of determinisms, which make some design variables to be eluded in the design process. Several hypotheses are put forward in order to explain the factors inhibiting a complex approach to architectural design. It is shown that the solution of such a problem requires the formulation of a theoretical paradigm possessing its own postulates, axioms and speaking the language of the architect. The notion of ‘type’, transformed in a ‘generic type’, embodying’ multifaceted knowledge is put forward as a concept in the way to defining a design process. The typology embodies an important applicability potential, which, associated with that of the computer, namely; expert systems and case based reasoning, may contribute to the decisive integration of the physical factors of the environment in the process of architectural design.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2009/06/30 08:12

_id	caadria2022_74
id	caadria2022_74
authors	Mazza, Domenico, Kocaturk, Tuba and Kaljevic, Sofija
year	2022
title	Geelong Digital Outdoor Museum (GDOM) - Photogrammetry as the Surface for a Portable Museum
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.1.677
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 677-686
summary	This paper presents the development and evaluation of the Geelong Digital Outdoor Museum (GDOM) prototype accessible at https://gdom.mindlab.cloud. GDOM is a portable museum‚our novel adaptation of the distributed museum model (Stuedahl & Lowe, 2013) which uses mobile devices to present museum collections attached to physical sites. Our prototype defines a way for intangible heritage associated with tangible landscapes to be accessible via personal digital devices using 360 3D scanned digital replicas of physical landscapes (photogrammetric digital models). Our work aligns with efforts set out in the UN Sustainable Development Goal 11 (SDG 11) to safeguard cultural and natural heritage, by openly disseminating the heritage of physical sites seamlessly through the landscape. Using a research by design methodology we delivered our prototype as a modular web-based platform that leveraged the Matterport digital model platform. We qualitatively evaluated the prototype's usability and future development opportunities with 32 front-end users and 13 potential stakeholders. We received a wide gamut of responses that included: users feeling empowered by the greater accessibility, users finding a welcome common ground with comparable physical experiences, and users and potential stakeholders seeing the potential to re-create physical world experiences with modifications to the digital model along with on-site activation. Our potential stakeholders suggested ways in which GDOM could be integrated into the arts, education, and tourism to widen its utility and applicability. In future we see design potential in breaking out of the static presentation of the digital model and expanding our portable museum experience to work on-site as a complement to the remote experience. However, we recognise the way in which on-site activation integrate into users' typical activities can be tangential (McGookin et al., 2019) and this would necessitate further investigation into how to best integrate the experience on-site.
keywords	Cultural Heritage, Intangible Heritage, Digital Heritage, Web Platform, 3D Scanning, Photogrammetry, Digital model, Portable Museum, Distributed Museum, SDG 11
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	6e9a
authors	Mc Cartney, Kevin and Jacobs, Andrew
year	1997
title	Testing the Benefits of Animation
source	AVOCAAD First International Conference [AVOCAAD Conference Proceedings / ISBN 90-76101-01-09] Brussels (Belgium) 10-12 April 1997, pp. 255-262
summary	This paper presents the results of an attempt to empirically test the hypothesis that expanding the range of graphic formats used in architectural communication can lead to an increase in effectiveness. To be specific, the comprehension of users was tested to measure the effectiveness of computer generated animation in comparison with still images. The dynamic functioning of a natural ventilation system was explained to two matched groups of building users. The explanation was presented in an animated video to one group and in still images to the other group. Immediately after viewing the group which viewed the animated version demonstrated a superior comprehension in a multiple-choice questionnaire test.
series	AVOCAAD
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	acadia21_70
id	acadia21_70
authors	McAndrew, Claire; Jaschke, Clara; Retsin, Gilles; Saey, Kevin; Claypool, Mollie; Parissi, Danaë
year	2021
title	House Block
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.070
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 70-75.
summary	House Block was a temporary housing prototype in East London, UK from April to May 2021. The project constituted the most recent in a series of experiments developing Automated Architecture (AUAR) Labs’ discrete framework for housing production, one which repositions the architect as curator of a system and enables participants to engage with active agency. Recognizing that there is a knowledge gap to be addressed for this reconfiguration of practices to take form, this project centred on making automation and its potential for local communities tangible. This sits within broader calls advocating for a more material alignment of inclusive design with makers and 21st Century making in practice (see, for example, Luck 2018). House Block was designed and built using AUAR’s discrete housing system consisting of a kit of parts, known as Block Type A. Each block was CNC milled from a single sheet of plywood, assembled by hand, and then post-tensioned on site. Constructed from 270 identical blocks, there are no predefined geometric types or hierarchy between parts. The discrete enables an open-ended, adaptive system where each block can be used as a column, floor slab, wall, or stair—allowing for disconnection, reconfiguration, and reassembly (Retsin 2019). The democratisation of design and production that defines the discrete creates points for alternative value systems to enter, for critical realignments in architectural production.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	7f3b
authors	McCall, R. and Johnson, E.
year	1997
title	Using argumentative agents to catalyze and support collaboration in design
source	Automation in Construction 6 (4) (1997) pp. 299-309
summary	Since the 1970s, we have created hypertext systems supporting Rittel's argumentative approach to design. Our efforts aim at improving design by encouraging argumentative, i.e., reasoned-discourse during projects. Despite the intrinsically group-oriented character of the argumentative approach, all of our past prototypes were single-user systems. The project reported here is the first in which we aim at supporting argumentation in group projects. To do this, we augmented our PHIDIAS hyperCAD system to show how argumentative agents can initiate and sustain productive collaboration in design. These agents catalyze collaboration among designers working at different times and/or places by (1) detecting overlaps in the concerns of different participants in a design process, including conflict and support relationships, (2) notifying these people of these overlapping concerns, and (3) enabling a synchronous communication among these people to deal collaboratively with the overlaps. We call these agents argumentative because they represent different personal and professional viewpoints in design and because they promote argumentative discourse among designers about various issues. In addition to identifying and dealing with crucial problems of coordination and collaboration, argumentative agents enable the capture of important design rationale in the form of communication among project participants about these crucial problems.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	49a8
authors	McCall, R., Fischer, G. and Morch, A.
year	1990
title	Supporting Reflection-in-Action in the Janus Design Environment
source	The Electronic Design Studio: Architectural Knowledge and Media in the Computer Era [CAAD Futures ‘89 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-262-13254-0] Cambridge (Massachusetts / USA), 1989, pp. 247-259
summary	We have developed a computer-based design aid called Janus, which is based on a model of computer-supported design that we think has significance for the future of architectural education. Janus utilizes a knowledge-based approach to link a graphic construction system to hypertext. This allows the computer to make useful comments on the solutions that students construct in a CAD-like environment. These comments contain information intended to make students think more carefully about what they are doing while they are doing it. In other words, Janus promotes what Donald Schon has called "reflection-inaction" (Schon, 1983). The Janus design environment is named for the Roman god with a pair of faces looking in opposite directions. In our case the faces correspond to complementary design activities we call construction and argumentation. Construction is the activity of graphically creating the form of the solution e.g., a building. Traditionally this has been done with tracing paper, pencils, and pens. Argumentation is the activity of reasoning about the problem and its solution. This includes such things as considering what to do next, what alternative courses of action are available, and which course of action to choose. Argumentation is mostly verbal but partly graphical.
series	CAAD Futures
last changed	1999/04/03 17:58

_id	43b3
authors	Mccall, R., Johnson, E. and Smith, M.
year	1997
title	Hypersketching: Design As Creating a Graphical Hyperdocument
source	CAAD Futures 1997 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-7923-4726-9] München (Germany), 4-6 August 1997, pp. 849-854
summary	There are empirical and theoretical reasons for believing that current CAD does not adequately support the early, conceptual stages of design. Hand-done design drawing has a several advantages over current, CAD-based approaches to generating form in these stages. One advantage is the indeterminacy of hand drawing--i.e., its abstractness and ambiguity. Another is a non-destructive drawing process, where new drawings are created without modifying old ones. A third is designers' creation of large collections of inter-related drawings--i.e., graphical hyperdocuments. A fourth is the unobtrusive character of conventional drawing tools. We have created two prototypes that incorporate these features into a new type of CAD based on sketching with electronic pens on LCD tablets. The first prototype, called HyperSketch., is a stand-alone system that simulates tracing paper. It creates a hypermedia network in which the nodes are sketches and the links are primarily traced-from relationships recorded automatically by the system. The second prototype adds the HyperSketching functionality to our existing PHIDIAS HyperCAD system. This aids design by using the sketches to index and retrieve multimedia information that is useful for a variety of design tasks.
series	CAAD Futures
last changed	1999/04/06 09:19

_id	603d
authors	McCall, R., Vlahos, E. and Zabel, J.
year	2001
title	Conceptual Design as HyperSketching. Theory and Java Prototype
source	Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures [ISBN 0-7923-7023-6] Eindhoven, 8-11 July 2001, pp. 285-297
summary	Hand-done design drawing still has a several advantages over current, CADbased approaches to generating form, especially in the early stages of design. One advantage is the indeterminacy of hand drawing--i.e. its abstractness and ambiguity. Another is a non-destructive drawing process, where new drawings are created without modifying old ones. A third is designers’ creation of large collections of inter-related drawings--i.e. graphical hyperdocuments. A fourth is the unobtrusive character of conventional drawing tools. These advantages might be taken as reasons for continuing to do early design on paper, but they also suggest ways in which CAD might be improved. We have created software prototypes that incorporate these features into a new type of CAD based on sketching with electronic pens on LCD tablets. One prototype, which we call HyperSketch II, simulates tracing paper in the sense that it enables the user to trace over previous drawings and to build stacks of traced over drawings. It also enables the user to create a hypermedia network in which the nodes are sketches and the links represent various relationships between sketches.
keywords	Sketching, Hypertext, Hypermedia, Conceptual Design
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2006/11/07 07:22

_id	aa49
authors	McCall, R.J., Bennett, P.R. and D'oronzio, P.S. (et al)
year	1990
title	PHIDIAS : Integrating CAD Graphics into Dynamic Hypertext
source	Hypertext : Concepts, System and Applications, Proceedings of the European Conference on Hypertext, ECHT'90. Cambridge University Press., 1990. pp. 152-165 : ill. includes bibliography
summary	PHIDIAS is a hypermedia system for supporting environmental design. It embodies a theory of design as continual alternation between two complementary activities: construction of solution form and argumentation about construction. To support these activities it implements a number of advanced hypermedia concepts. These include an applicative query language providing search by both structure and content, virtual structures, composite graphic notes, query-based graphic clustering, and 'triggered' queries which connect construction acts to relevant sections of the argumentive network. PHIDIAS constitutes a new type of integrated information environment design
keywords	hypermedia, CAD, design, methods, user interface, argumentation, hypertext
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 14:41

_id	752c
id	752c
authors	McCall, R.J., Ostwald, J.L., Shipman, F.M. and Wallace, N.F.
year	1990
title	The Phidias Hypercad System: Extending CAD with Hypermedia
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1990.145
source	From Research to Practice [ACADIA Conference Proceedings] Big Sky (Montana - USA) 4-6 October 1990, pp. 145-156
summary	Phidias is software which integrates computer-aided design graphics with hypermedia to create a hypermedia CAD - or hyperCAD - system. Phidias allows architects to develop building form while having immediate and nearly effortless access to a rich store of textual, numerical, and graphical information. This information access can make a wide variety of design literature and research findings available to architects in a way and at a time that they can easily use it. Thus, Phidias is intended to help bridge the gap between architectural research and practice.
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	c16f
id	c16f
authors	McCall, Ray
year	1998
title	World Wide Presentation and Critique of Design Proposals with the Web-PHIDIAS System
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1998.254
source	Digital Design Studios: Do Computers Make a Difference? [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-07-1] Québec City (Canada) October 22-25, 1998, pp. 254-265
summary	In this paper we describe Web-PHIDIAS, a network-centric design environment based on the PHIDIAS HyperCAD system. Web-PHIDIAS uses the backend of PHIDIAS as a hypermedia database engine to serve up VRML models, HTML pages and Java applets over the Web. In particular, it uses the Web (1) to present 3D models of design proposals using VRML; (2) to present rationale for these proposals; and (3) to get comments on the proposals and their rationale from viewers anywhere in the world. These comments are automatically stored in a server-side hypermedia database where they are linked to the models and rationale that they refer to. The proposal presenter can opt to have Web-PHIDIAS make these comments part of the public presentation so that other viewers throughout the world can comment on the comments. Perhaps most important is the fact that a Web site implemented with Web-PHIDIAS has no persistent HTML pages or forms. All presentations of data over the Web are created “on the fly” by the server-side part of Web-PHIDIAS using HTML and Java. User input is obtained using an authoring interface created in Java.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	ce2c
id	ce2c
authors	McCall, Raymond and Johnson, Erik
year	1996
title	Argumentative Agents as Catalysts of Collaboration in Design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1996.155
source	Design Computation: Collaboration, Reasoning, Pedagogy [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-05-5] Tucson (Arizona / USA) October 31 - November 2, 1996, pp. 155-163
summary	Since the 1970s we have created hypertext systems supporting Rittel's argumentative approach to design. Our efforts aim at improving design by encouraging argumentative—i.e., reasoned—discourse during projects. Despite the intrinsically group-oriented character of the argumentative approach, all of our past prototypes were single-user systems. The project reported on here is the first in which we aim at supporting argumentation in group projects. To do this, we augmented our PHIDIAS hyperCAD system to shows how argumentative agents can initiate and sustain productive collaboration in design. These agents catalyze collaboration among designers working at different times and/or places by 1) detecting overlaps in the concerns of different participants in a design process, including conflict and support relationships, 2) notifying these people of these overlapping concerns, and 3) enabling asynchronous communication among these people to deal collaboratively with the overlaps. We call these agents argumentative because they represent different personal and professional viewpoints in design and because they promote argumentative discourse among designers about various issues. In addition to identifying and dealing with crucial problems of coordination and collaboration, argumentative agents enable the capture of important design rationale in the form of communication among project participants about these crucial problems.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

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