Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ab54
authors	Coyne, Richard D.
year	1988
title	Logic Models of Design
source	317 p. London: Pitman, 1988. CADLINE has abstract only
summary	This book constitutes both a theoretical and a technical exploration into modelling design tasks in logic. It provides a framework for describing design processes based on logic, achieved primarily by gathering together various strands evident in theories of reasoning, problem solving, design and knowledge engineering. The book demonstrates the applicability of logic programming and knowledge-based techniques to design, particularly in the area of controlling generative systems. The design task by which this is demonstrated is spatial layout, though the issues reach further than this one application
keywords	reasoning, logic, design process
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:13

_id	2bff
authors	Ervin, Stephen M., Gross, Mark D. and Fleisher, Aaron
year	1988
title	CM2 : A Constraint Based Design Environment
source	25 p. : ill. 1988. includes bibliography
summary	This report describes CM2, a program on the Macintosh computer for constraint-based design exploration and development. The architecture of the kernel for object- oriented constraint management is described, followed by three illustrated examples of applications built around the kernel. A concluding section lists a number of questions raised to date by the development of CM2 and its applications. Appendix 1 provides a `pseudo-code' listing of the major modules of the constraint manager
keywords	architecture, constraints, design, systems
series	CADline
email
last changed	2002/09/05 15:01

_id	cc50
authors	Gossard, D.C., Zuffante, R.P. and Sakurai, H.
year	1988
title	Representing Dimensions, Tolerances, and Features in MCAE Systems
source	IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications. March, 1988. vol. 8: pp. 51-59 : ill. includes bibliography
summary	Presented is a method for explicitly representing dimensions, tolerances, and geometric features in solid models. The method combines CSG and boundary representations in a graph structure called an object graph. Dimensions are represented by a relative position operator. The method can automatically translate changes in dimensional values into corresponding changes in geometry and topology. The representation provides an important foundation for higher level application programs to automate the redesign of assemblies and to automate tolerance analysis and synthesis. A prototype interactive polyhedral modeler based on this representation was implemented
keywords	CAE, B-rep, representation, CAD, CAM, features, dimensioning, tolerances, graphs, topology, geometric modeling, assemblies
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 14:42

_id	20aa
authors	Pekny, J. F. and Miller, D.L.
year	1988
title	Results from a Parallel Branch and Bound Algorithm for the Asymmetric Traveling Salesman Problem
source	[1], 8, [6] p. : tables Pittsburgh, PA: Engineering Design Research Center, CMU, 1988. EDRC-06-42-88. includes bibliography
summary	Computational results are presented for a parallel branch- and-bound algorithm that optimally solves the asymmetric traveling salesman problem. Results are presented for randomly generated problems with sizes ranging from 250 to 3000 cities
keywords	search, parallel processing, algorithms, branch-and-bound
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	7812
authors	Straber, W. and Seidel, H.-P. (eds.)
year	1989
title	Theory and Practice of Geometric Modeling
source	Springer-Verlag
summary	This book originates from the lectures given at the international conference "Theory and Practice of Geometric Modeling", Blaubeuren, FRG, October 3-7, 1988, that brought together leading experts from universities, system developers, and system users, to discuss new concepts and future trends in geometric modeling. The book covers a variety of topics on an advanced level and is organized as follows. Part A contains new algorithms and techniques for modeling objects that are bounded by free form surfaces. Part B focuses on surface/surface intersections, new types of blending surfaces and speed ups for ray tracing. Part C contains some new geometric tools. Part D discusses different representation schemes in solid modeling, conversions between these different schemes, and some applications. Part E covers some issues of product modeling, automatic tolerancing, high level specification of solid models (constraints, features) and the need for better user interfaces.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	0051
authors	Wastell, D.G. and White, P.
year	1993
title	Using Process Technology to Support Cooperative work: Prospects and Design Issues
source	CSCW in Practice: An Introduction and Case Studies. pp. 105-126. Edited by Dan Diaper and Colston Sanger, London: Springer-Veriag
summary	CSCW is a diverse and eclectic field. The theme which unifies CSCW is the question of group coordination, how it is achieved as a social phenomenon and how it may be actively assisted by computer-based support. The nature of these social processes are variously discussed in many of this book's other chapters. The issue of what is "true" CSCW and what is not is a contentious academic issue. Support for non-routine "professional" work such as collaborative writing would be widely accepted as a paradigm of CSCW (see, in particular, Sharples, Chapter 4; Gilbert, chapter 5; and Diaper, Chapter 6). Electronic mail, however, does not count for some as CSCW, because it is "not really tuned (or tunable) to the needs of the work group" (Greif, 1988). Technologies which support routine work would appear to fall into a particularly controversial category. Traditional office automation systems come under this heading.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	a9b1
authors	Cohen, M.F., Greenberg, D.P. and Immel, D.S. (et al)
year	1986
title	An Efficient Radiosity Approach for Realistic Image Synthesis
source	IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications March, 1986. vol. 6: pp. 26-35 : col. ill. includes bibliography.
summary	The radiosity method models the interaction of light between diffusely reflecting surfaces and accurately predicts the global illumination effects. Procedures are now available to simulate complex environments including occluded and textured surfaces. For accurate rendering, the environment must be discretized into a fine mesh, particularly in areas of high intensity gradients. The interdependence between surfaces implies solution techniques which are computationally intractable. This article describes new procedures to predict the global illumination function without excessive computational expense. Statistics indicate the enormous potential of this approach for realistic image synthesis, particularly for dynamic images of static environments
keywords	computer graphics, radiosity, rendering, algorithms
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 14:42

_id	aba4
authors	Lischinski, D. Tampieri, F. and Greenberg, D.P.
year	1992
title	Discontinuity Meshing for Accurate Radiosity
source	IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications, November 1992, pp.25-38
summary	We discuss the problem of accurately computing the illumination of a diffuse polyhedral environment due to an area light source. We show how umbra and penumbra boundaries and other illumination details correspond to discontinuities in the radiance function and its derivatives. The shape, location, and order of these discontinuities is determined by the geometry of the light sources and obstacles in the environment. We describe an object-space algorithm that accurately reproduces the radiance across a surface by constructing a discontinuity mesh that explicitly represents various discontinuities in the radiance function as boundaries between mesh elements. A piecewise quadratic interpolant is used to approximate the radiance function, preserving the discontinuities associated with the edges in the mesh. This algorithm can be used in the framework of a progressive refinement radiosity system to solve the diffuse global illumination problem. Results produced by the new method are compared with ones obtained using a standard radiosity system.
series	journal paper
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	c7f4
authors	Bancroft, Pamela J. (ed.)
year	1988
title	Computing in Design Education [ACADIA Conference Proceedings]
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1988
source	ACADIA ‘88 Conference Proceedings /Ann Arbor (Michigan / USA) 28-30 October 1988, 311 p.
summary	Progress is being made towards integrating computing into architectural design. This progress is not being made in a coordinated and systematic manner, which is actually a positive factor. Architects will never be scientists or engineers, who hold the distinguishing characteristic of being masters of the scientific method. We have never been so incumbered, although we certainly have given it our best effort. Architects are creative problem solvers, primarily driven by intuition, while coming from a sense of the past and the logic of the present. Our initial attempts at integrating computing into the studio, as evidenced by this collection of papers, is very diverse, based on differing pedagogical assumptions, and the achieving of significantly different results. This would appear to be evidence of a revolutionary approach to the problem rather than a scientific evolutionary approach. Terrific! This is when we as architects are at our best. Although we reach a great number of emphatically dead ends, the successes and discoveries achieved along the way are significant. The diversity and quality of papers submitted suggest that we are indeed pursuing the task of integration in our typical, individual, intuitive, logical manner. I commend all of the authors who submitted proposals and thank them for expanding the envelope of integration into their personal exploration.
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	887e
authors	Belajcic, N. D.
year	1988
title	Computer Implementation of Shape Grammars
source	Department of Architectural Science, University of Sydney
summary	An approach is taken that shape grammars can be used as a possible vehicle for automated design generation. Historical background of shape grammars is discussed with emphasis on vocabulary/syntax aspect of the design process and significance of class solutions to problems. Similarities with expert system mechanics and structure is highlighted and advantages and disadvantages of rule-based and frame-based systems are considered. These concepts are implemented in a computer program written in LISP employing icon driven graphic interface with tools for creating shapes and rules. Finally, problems associated with adopted reasoning strategies are reported and areas of further development and improvement suggested. [UNPUBLISHED. CADLINE has abstract only]
keywords	Shape Grammars, Design Process
series	thesis:MSc
last changed	2002/12/14 19:10

_id	2a36
authors	Ben-Moshe, R. and Sorgen, A.
year	1988
title	Parametric Shape Definition by Example
source	12, [13] p., [7] p. of ill. Israel: MICROCAD, 1988(?). includes bibliography
summary	Incorporation of parametric design facilities into CAD systems presents some serious problems. The major issues are: (1) functionality - the need to cater for a great variety of designs, (2) natural user interface, with no need for the user to acquire programming skills, (3) integration and consistency with the 'host' CAD environment
keywords	parametrization, user interface, CAD, geometric modeling, mechanical engineering, CAM
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	ea6a
authors	Bentley, Jon L.
year	1988
title	More Programming Pearls : Confessions of a Coder
source	207 p. : ill. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., 1988. includes index
summary	A collection of essays demonstrating the various aspects of programming. Some cover programming techniques using the C and AWK languages, other essays discuss making I/O fit for humans and several sub routines
keywords	programming, algorithms, techniques
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	c9e4
authors	Birmingham, William P. and Siewiorek, Daniel P.
year	1988
title	Automated knowledge Acquisition for a Computer Hardware Synthesis System
source	19 p. : ill. Engineering Design Research Center, CMU, June, 1988. EDRC 18-06-88. includes bibliography
summary	The MICON Synthesizer Version 1 (M1) is a rule-based system which produces a complete small computer design from a set of abstract specifications. The ability of M1 to produce designs depends on the encoding of large amounts of domain knowledge. An automated knowledge acquisition tool, CGEN, works symbiotically with M1 by gathering the knowledge required by M1. CGEN acquires knowledge about how to build and when to use various computer structures. This paper overviews the operation of CGEN by providing an example of the types of knowledge acquired and the mechanisms employed. A novel knowledge-intensive generalization scheme is presented. Generalization is a pragmatic necessity for knowledge acquisition in this domain. A series of experiments to test CGEN's capabilities are explained. A description of the architecture and knowledge-base of M1 is also provided
keywords	electrical engineering, automation, knowledge acquisition, knowledge base, systems
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	8ac0
authors	Birmingham, William P., Gupta, Anurag P. and Siewiorek, Daniel P.
year	1988
title	The MICON System for Computer Design
source	11 p. : ill. Pittsburgh, PA: Engineering Design Research Center, CMU, November, 1988. EDRC 18-10-89. includes bibliography
summary	The MICON system is an integrated collection of programs which automatically synthesizes small computer systems from high level specifications. The system address multiple levels of design, from logical through physical, providing a rapid prototyping capability. Two programs form MICON's nucleus: a knowledge-based synthesis tool called M1; and, an automated knowledge acquisition tool named CGEN which is used to teach M1 how to design. Other tools in the MICON system are an integrated database and associated data management tools. The system is fully functional, having been used to generate working designs. This paper describes the architecture and operation of the MICON system
keywords	integrated circuits, electrical engineering, design, systems, automation, integration
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	0ee6
authors	Boyle, R. and Thomas, R.
year	1988
title	Computer Vision: A First Course
source	Blackwell Scientific Publications
summary	Computer vision is a new discipline recently developed from image processing, which is able to take raw images, and, after suitable processing, derive information from them automatically. Computer vision applications are legion in the areas of automated manufacture and robotics, where it may be addressed to such problems as resolving motion in images, and 3-D analysis. This book is a much-needed introduction to the subject for senior undergraduates and graduates. It covers the necessary mathematical techniques at a level suitable for the mathematical literate who has not encountered any image processing before, and proceeds to an examination of some pure vision applications. There is a discussion of human perception and how it relates to machine perception, and there are examples throughout the text, with exercises at the end of each chapter. Table of Contents Perception A pattern recognition system Image acquisition and modelling Low level processing Segmentation A PCB example Line labelling Towards three dimensions Knowledge representation Rule based systemsl Epilogue Appendices.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	caadria2011_061
id	caadria2011_061
authors	Celani, Gabriela; José P. Duarte and Carlos V. Vaz
year	2011
title	The gardens revisited: The link between technology, meaning and logic?
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.643
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 643-652
summary	The objective of this paper is to compare the computational concepts present in three books published by Mitchell between 1987 and 1990: The art of computer-graphics programming (1987), which has Robin Liggett and Thomas Kvan as co-authors, The logic of architecture (1990), probably his most influential work, and The poetics of gardens (1988), which has Charles Moore and William Turnbull as coauthors. By looking at the concepts that are presented in the three books and establishing a comparison between them, we expect to show that The poetics of Gardens should not be seen as a detour from Mitchell´s line of research, but rather as a key piece for understanding the relationship between technology, meaning and logic in his very coherent body of work.
keywords	Computational design concepts; technology; meaning; logic
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	5f4b
authors	Coyne, R.D.
year	1988
title	Logic Models of Design
source	Pitman, London
summary	This monograph places design in a theoretical context which applies developments in knowledge-based systems, logic programming and planning to design. It addresses two important design issues: the interpretation of designs, which concerns the discovery of implicit design attributes, a key activity in design evaluation that can be modelled by deductive inference in logic programming; and the process of generation, whereby a design description is produced which exhibits these implicit design attributes. Implicit attributes can be seen as analogous to the semantic content of natural language utterances. The work presented here is mainly concerned with design generation, and an operational model of design is investigated in which operations on processes are treated in a similar way to operations on form. It is argued that there are advantages in representing control knowledge as rules in a design system, and that logic is an effective medium for this purpose. This is demonstrated by means of programs developed in Prolog and C using the example of spatial layout in buildings. Primarily, this book is directed at those in artificial intelligence (AI) involved in logic programming, planning and expert systems. However, since AI techniques are finding widespread application in industry, the use of an architectural design example makes this work relevant to architects, designers, engineers and developers of intelligent architectural design software.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	e2ad
authors	Coyne, Richard D.
year	1988
title	The Logic of Computer-aided Design
source	Design Computing. 1988. vol. 3: CADLINE has abstract only
summary	The appropriateness of logic and language as the basis of models of the design process are discussed in relation to computer-aided design. A model of design systems is discussed which accounts for the role of interpretative and generative knowledge. It is argued that this knowledge serves to define design spaces. Interpretative knowledge can be used to derive implicit properties of designs, but designs can also be produced by 'abduction.' How interpretative and generative knowledge continue to produce designs is discussed. The relationship to other models is also reviewed
keywords	CAD, logic, design process
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:13

_id	56be
authors	Dillon, Andrew and Marian, Sweeney
year	1988
title	The Application of Cognitive Psychology to CAD Input/Output
source	Proceedings of the HCI'88 Conference on People and Computers IV 1988 p.477-488
summary	The design of usable human-computer interfaces is one of the primary goals of the HCI specialist. To date however interest has focussed mainly on office or text based systems such as word processors or databases. Computer aided design (CAD) represents a major challenge to the human factors community to provide suitable input and expertise in an area where the users goals and requirements are cognitively distinct from more typical HCI. The present paper is based on psychological investigations of the engineering domain, involving an experimental comparison of designers using CAD and the more traditional drawing board. By employing protocol analytic techniques it is possible to shed light on the complex problem-solving nature of design and to demonstrate the crucial role of human factors in the development of interfaces which facilitate the designers in their task. A model of the cognition of design is proposed which indicates that available knowledge and guidelines alone are not sufficient to aid CAD developers and the distinct nature of the engineering designer's task merits specific attention.
keywords	Cognitive Psychology; Interface Design; Protocol Analysis
series	other
last changed	2002/07/07 16:01

_id	4086
authors	Ervin, Stephen M.
year	1988
title	Computer-Aided Diagramming and the `Generator-Test' Cycle
source	1988. 22 p.: ill. includes bibliography
summary	Simon's `generator-test' model is both a metaphor and a literal prescription for the organization of computer systems for designing. In most approaches to computer-aided design, one side of the cycle - generating or testing - is reserved to the human designer, the other side delegated to the computer. A more comfortable and comprehensive approach is to support switching these roles between designer and computer. This approach underlies a prototype system for computer-aided diagramming, the CBD (Constraint-Based Diagrammer). Diagramming is an important design activity, especially in preliminary design, as diagrams play a pivotal role between graphic and symbolic knowledge. Diagrams as a medium of knowledge representation and as means of inference have an ambivalent status in the generator-test model; they may serve either purpose. Examination of CBD sheds some light on Simon's model and on the requirements for sharing generating and testing with computational design tools
keywords	problem solving, CAD, constraints, evaluation, synthesis
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

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