Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	caadria2007_659
id	caadria2007_659
authors	Chen, Zi-Ru
year	2007
title	The Combination of Design Media and Design Creativity _ Conventional and Digital Media
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2007.x.w5x
source	CAADRIA 2007 [Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Nanjing (China) 19-21 April 2007
summary	Creativity is always interested in many fields, in particular, creativity and design creativity have many interpretations (Boden, 1991; Gero and Maher, 1992, 1993; Kim, 1990; Sternberg, 1988; Weisberg, 1986). In early conceptual design process, designers used large number of sketches and drawings (Purcell and Gero, 1998). The sketch can inspire the designer to increase the creativity of the designer’s creations(Schenk, 1991; Goldschmidt, 1994; Suwa and Tversky, 1997). The freehand sketches by conventional media have been believed to play important roles in processes of the creative design thinking(Goldschmidt, 1991; Schon and Wiggins, 1992; Goel, 1995; Suwa et al., 2000; Verstijnen et al., 1998; Elsas van and Vergeest, 1998). Recently, there are many researches on inspiration of the design creativity by digital media(Liu, 2001; Sasada, 1999). The digital media have been used to apply the creative activities and that caused the occurrenssce of unexpected discovery in early design processes(Gero and Maher, 1993; Mitchell, 1993; Schmitt, 1994; Gero, 1996, 2000; Coyne and Subrahmanian, 1993; Boden, 1998; Huang, 2001; Chen, 2001; Manolya et al. 1998; Verstijinen et al., 1998; Lynn, 2001). In addition, there are many applications by combination of conventional and digital media in the sketches conceptual process. However, previous works only discussed that the individual media were related to the design creativity. The cognitive research about the application of conceptual sketches design by integrating both conventional and digital media simultaneously is absent.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	46ce
id	46ce
authors	Gero, J. S.
year	1991
title	Ten problems for AI in design
source	Workshop on AI in Design, IJCAI-91, un-numbered
summary	Modern design research dates back to the end of the eighteenth century when French theorists attempted to describe design as a process. The notion of process in design dates back to the Roman engineer/architect/writer Vitruvius who described both process and performance aspects of designing. Since the 1940s there has been a variety of attempts to provide formal models of design ranging from prescriptive algorithmic-like descriptions through mathematical model and systems theoretic descriptions to the current paradigm based on the precepts and notions of artificial intelligence. All of these, including the current work, is primarily concerned with treating the process aspects of design.
series	other
type	normal paper
email
more	http://www.arch.usyd.edu.au/~john/
last changed	2006/05/27 18:38

_id	a425
authors	Gero, John S. and Maher, Mary Lou
year	1991
title	Mutation and Analogy to Support Creativity in Computer-Aided Design
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures: Education, Research, Applications [CAAD Futures ‘91 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 3-528-08821-4] Zürich (Switzerland), July 1991, pp. 261-270
summary	Creative processes in computer-aided design are identified as those that introduce new design variables into the design process. This paper describes the ideas behind the development of a computational model of creative processes in design. This computational model is founded on the use of mutation and analogy processes working in tandem using design prototypes as the representation scheme
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/05/16 20:58

_id	diss_kuo
id	diss_kuo
authors	Kuo, C.J.
year	1999
title	Unsupervised Dynamic Concurrent Computer-Aided Design Assistant
source	Los Angeles: UCLA
summary	The increasing capability of computer-aided architectural design systems has strengthened the role that the computer plays in the workplace. Due to the complexity of developing new techniques and research, these systems are undertaken mostly by scientists and engineers without significant architectural input (Willey, 1991). The design concept of these systems may be based on a well-defined and well-understood process, which is not yet realized in architectural design (Galle, 1994). The output of such research may not be easily adapted into the design process. Most of the techniques assume a complete understanding of the design space (Gero and Maher, 1987) (Willey, 1991). The description or construction of the design space is always time and space consuming, and the result can never be complete due to the ever-changing nature of architectural design. This research intends to initiate a solution for the above problems. The proposed system is an unsupervised-dynamic-concurrent-computer-aided-design assistant. The “unsupervised” means the learning process is not supervised by the user because it is against the designer's nature to “think-aloud” in the design studio and it also increases the work load. It is dynamic because the size of the knowledge base is constantly changing. Concurrent means that there are multiple procedures active simultaneously. This research focuses on learning the operational knowledge from an individual designer and reapplying it in future designs. A computer system for this experiment is constructed. It is capable of The preliminary result shows a positive feedback from test subjects. The purpose of this research is to suggest a potent computational frame within which future developments may flourish.
series	thesis:PhD
last changed	2003/11/28 07:37

_id	a233
authors	Rosenman, M.A., Gero, J.S. and Oxman, R.E.
year	1991
title	What's in a Case: The Use of Case Bases, Knowledge Bases, and Databases in Design
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures: Education, Research, Applications [CAAD Futures ‘91 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 3-528-08821-4] Zürich (Switzerland), July 1991, pp. 285-300
summary	Design experience can be classified into generalized or compiled knowledge and specific knowledge. Generalized design knowledge has been introduced into computer-aided design in the form of rules, frames and more recently, design prototypes. Case-based reasoning is a well-defined paradigm in artificial intelligence and has obvious scope for its use in design reasoning. This paper explores case-based reasoning in design and argues for the integration of both specific and generalized design knowledge. This integration allows for characterizing what is in a case by drawing upon the schema developed for design prototypes. Finally, the paper argues that the addition of precedent knowledge, in the form of case bases, to knowledge bases and CAD databases will further extend the experience-based capabilities of design systems.
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/05/16 20:58

_id	ecaade2020_139
id	ecaade2020_139
authors	Zwierzycki, Mateusz
year	2020
title	On AI Adoption Issues in Architectural Design - Identifying the issues based on an extensive literature review.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2020.1.515
source	Werner, L and Koering, D (eds.), Anthropologic: Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age - Proceedings of the 38th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 16-18 September 2020, pp. 515-524
summary	An analysis of AI in design literature, compiled from almost 200 publications from the 1980s onwards. The majority of the sources are proceedings from various conferences. This work is inspired by the Ten Problems for AI in Design (Gero 1991) workshop report, which listed the problems to be tackled in design with AI. Almost 30 years since the publication, it seems most of the Ten Problems cannot be considered solved or even addressed. One of this paper's goals is to identify, categorize and examine the bottlenecks in the adoption of AI in design. The collected papers were analysed to obtain the following data: Problem, Tool, Solution, Stage and Future work. The conclusions drawn from the analysis are used to define a range of existing problems with AI adoption, further illustrated with an update to the Ten Problems. Ideally this paper will spark a discussion on the quality of research, methodology and continuity in research.
keywords	artificial intelligence; review; design automation; knowledge representation; machine learning; expert system
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	1636
authors	Aly, Safwan and Krishnamurti, Ramesh
year	2002
title	Can Doors and Windows Become Design Team Players?
source	Gero JS and Brazier FMT (eds) (2002) Agents in Design 2002. Key Centre of Design Computing and Cognition, University of Sydney, pp. 3-22
summary	In an architectural design session, suppose design objects such as doors, windows and rooms can look after themselves, what kind of recommendations would a designer get? What is the nature of a design environment that facilitates such interactions? Where would a design object acquire the knowledge that allows it to interact intelligently? How would such localized recommendations be aggregated to support global design decisions made by the designer? This paper investigates these questions through the notion of objects as agents in design.
series	other
last changed	2003/11/21 15:15

_id	1cf0
id	1cf0
authors	Bilda, Z and Gero, JS
year	2008
title	Idea development can occur using imagery only during early conceptual designing
source	in JS Gero and AK Goel (eds), Design Computing and Cognition'08, Springer: 303-320.
summary	This paper shows that expert architects can effectively develop ideas without sketching during early conceptual designing. We analysed design protocols of six expert architects working on two different design problems under two different conditions, one in which they were blindfolded and one in which they were sketching. Architects developed design ideas efficiently when they were blindfolded, as opposed to the common view that they would better develop ideas with sketching.
keywords	imagery, blindfolded designing, protocol study
series	other
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2009/09/11 18:31

_id	4b05
authors	Brazier, Frances M. and Wijngaards, Niek
year	2002
title	Role of Trust in Automated Distributed Design
source	Gero JS and Brazier FMT (eds) (2002) Agents in Design 2002. Key Centre of Design Computing and Cognition, University of Sydney, pp. 71-83
summary	Distributed design involves many participants, each with their own expertise and goals. Information acquired from different participants may be valued differently in terms of accuracy and trustworthiness. Human participants in a distributed design setting often know whom they trust, and whose abilities they value. This knowledge is not often made explicit. It does, however, influence distributed design processes (i.e. the way in which members of a design team assess and incorporate each others' designs, objectives, evaluations). These trust relations need to be made explicit to be able to effectively support distributed design.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/11/21 15:16

_id	9a97
authors	Chen, Zhuo F. and Brown, David C.
year	2002
title	Explorations of a Two-Layer A-Design System - The Influence of New Agents on a Design System
source	Gero JS and Brazier FMT (eds) (2002) Agents in Design 2002. Key Centre of Design Computing and Cognition, University of Sydney, pp. 249-256
summary	This paper presents the architecture of a two-layer A-design system. It then goes on to use that system in an example configuration design problem. Two-layer A-Design limits the bias of selecting the most commonly used components by having the ability to introduce new components.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/05/10 10:16

_id	ee5c
id	ee5c
authors	D Gunaratnam, T Degroff and JS Gero
year	2003
title	IMPROVING NEURAL NETWORK MODELS OF PHYSICAL SYSTEMS THROUGH DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
source	Journal of Applied Soft Computing 2(4): 283-296.
summary	The paper presents a technique for generating concise neural network models of physical systems. The neural network models are generated through a two-stage process. The first stage uses information embedded in the dimensions or units in which the data is represented. Dimensional analysis techniques are used initially to make this information explicit, and a limited search in the neural network architecture space is then conducted to determine dimensionless representations of variables/parameters that perform well for a given model complexity. The second stage uses information available in the numerical values of the data to search for high-level dimensionless variables/parameters, generated from simple combinations of dimensionless quantities generated in the first stage and which result in concise neural network models with improved performance characteristics. The search for these high-level dimensionless variables/parameters is conducted in an enhanced representation space using functional link networks with flat or near flat architectures. The use and effectiveness of the technique is demonstrated for three applications. The first is the design and analysis of reinforced concrete beams, which is representative of the class of problems associated with the design and analysis of composites. The second is the classical elastica problem, for predicting non-linear post-buckled behaviour of columns and the third, the analysis of a bent bar under a specified combination of loads.
keywords	neural networks, dimensional analysis
series	journal
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2004/04/10 01:57

_id	af59
authors	Fujii, Haruyuki
year	2002
title	Analysis of a Retrospective Discourse Explaining - An Actual Process of Designing a House As an Empirical Basis of The Development of a Situated Design Agent
source	Gero JS and Brazier FMT (eds) (2002) Agents in Design 2002. Key Centre of Design Computing and Cognition, University of Sydney, pp. 219-231
summary	This paper describes a situated design agent approach to understand and explain the characteristic nature in architectural design and shows some findings in retrospective discourse analyses about a design process of a real house as an empirical basis to discuss the feasibility of the situated design agent approach.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/05/10 10:16

_id	f231
authors	Hammond, T.,Gajos, K., Davis, R. and Shrobe, H.
year	2002
title	An Agent-Based System for Capturing and Indexing Software Design Meetings
source	Gero JS and Brazier FMT (eds) (2002) Agents in Design 2002. Key Centre of Design Computing and Cognition, University of Sydney, pp. 203-218
summary	We present an agent-based system for capturing and indexing software design meetings. During these meetings, designers design object-oriented software tools, including new agent-based technologies for the Intelligent Room, by sketching UML-type designs on a white-board. To capture the design meeting history, the Design Meeting Agent requests available audio, video, and screen capture services from the environment and uses them to capture the entire design meeting. However, finding a particular moment of the design history video and audio records can be cumbersome without a proper indexing scheme. To detect, index, and timestamp significant events in the design process, the Tahuti Agent, also started by the Design Meeting Agent, records, recognizes, and understands the UML-type sketches drawn during the meeting. These timestamps can be mapped to particular moments in the captured video and audio, aiding in the retrieval of the captured information. Metaglue, a multiagent system, provides the computational glue necessary to bind the distributed components of the system together. It also provides necessary tools for seamless multi-modal interaction between the varied agents and the users.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/05/10 10:16

_id	4450
id	4450
authors	J Jupp and JS Gero
year	2003
title	TOWARDS COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF STYLE IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
source	IJCAI03 Workshop on Computational Approaches to Style Analysis and Synthesis, S Argamon (ed), IJCAI, Acapulco, pp 1-10.
summary	This paper proposes a computational model of design that attempts to capture within a social context two important aspects of style: ‘content’ and ‘manner’. We present a characterisation of style for the artefact based on a framework that consists of information theoretic measures. We discuss the benefits the study of social networks offers a computational analysis of both aspects of style. It is our aim to bring style as ‘content’ and style as ‘manner’ together using this approach.
keywords	style, information theory
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2004/04/10 02:15

_id	bb73
id	bb73
authors	JS Gero and U Kannengiesser
year	2003
title	TEAM EXPERTISE FROM INDIVIDUAL EXPERTISE (THROUGH SOCIAL INTERACTIONS IN COMPUTATIONAL AGENTS)
source	Expertise in Design, N Cross and E Edmonds (eds), University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, pp 311-322.
summary	This paper proposes a model of expertise of temporary design teams. It is based on a situated view of knowledge as being grounded in individual experience, which emphasises its applicability and teleology. The paper describes situated knowledge and expertise using the function-behaviour-structure (FBS) schema. It then outlines how the FBS schema can be used to model expertise of temporary teams as emerging from the interaction of individual experts.
keywords	expertise, teams, function-behaviour-structure, agents
type	paper session
email
last changed	2004/04/10 01:52

_id	b42f
id	b42f
authors	JS Gero and V Kazakov
year	2003
title	ON MEASURING THE VISUAL COMPLEXITY OF 3D SOLID OBJECTS
source	e-Activities in Design and Design Education, B Tuncer, S Ozsariyildiz and S Sariyilidiz (eds), Europia, Paris, pp 147-156
summary	A computational model of the visual complexity of solids is presented. It is based on using a qualitative representation for 3-dimensional objects as semantic graphs. Then information-theoretic measures are constructed for these graphs. This measure of visual complexity allows for the comparison of different architectural forms. An example of the application of this model is presented.
keywords	visual reasoning; complexity; 3D modelling
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2004/04/10 02:07

_id	c749
id	c749
authors	Kan, JWT and Gero JS
year	2009
title	Using the FBS ontology to capture semantic design information in design protocol studies
source	in J McDonnell and P Lloyd (eds), About: Designing. Analysing Design Meetings, CRC Press, pp. 213-229.
summary	This chapter presents a method to capture semantic information from design protocols. We report on a preliminary study that analyses a design protocol by using the FBS ontology and derives processes within this ontological framework by employing linkography. The usefulness of this method is examined by applying it to the Engineering 1 protocol (E1) as a case study. The original 1990 FBS ontology captures 66% meaningful processes of all the derived processes, while the situated FBS ontology captures 92% meaningful processes of all the derived processes. Further coding analysis may improve this percentage. The session is characterized, according to the ontology, by the high percentage of behaviour reformulation, followed by structure reformulation, and analysis.
keywords	ontology, FBS, protocol analysis,
series	other
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2009/09/11 18:14

_id	0db4
authors	Kannengiesser, Udo and Gero, John S.
year	2002
title	Situated Agent Communication for Design
source	Gero JS and Brazier FMT (eds) (2002) Agents in Design 2002. Key Centre of Design Computing and Cognition, University of Sydney, pp. 85-94
summary	This paper outlines an approach to communication among design agents in a multi-agent environment. This approach is founded on the concepts of situatedness from cognitive science and is an extension of traditional multi-agent communication.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/05/10 10:16

_id	61d6
authors	Klein, M., Sayma, H., Faratin, P. and Bar-Yam, Y.
year	2002
title	A Complex Systems Perspective on How Agents Can Support Collaborative Design
source	Gero JS and Brazier FMT (eds) (2002) Agents in Design 2002. Key Centre of Design Computing and Cognition, University of Sydney, pp. 95-111
summary	Almost all complex artifacts nowadays, including physical artifacts such as airplanes, as well as informational artifacts such as software, organizational designs, plans and schedules, are created via the interaction of many, sometimes thousands of participants, working on different elements of the design. This collaborative design process is typically expensive and time-consuming because strong interdependencies between design decisions make it difficult to converge on a single design that satisfies these dependencies and is acceptable to all participants. Complex systems research concerning the generic dynamics of distributed networks has much to offer to the understanding of this process. This paper describes some insights derived from this novel perspective.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/05/10 10:16

_id	be8b
authors	Liew, Pak-San and Gero, John S.
year	2002
title	An Implementation Model of Constructive Memory for a Design Agent
source	Gero JS and Brazier FMT (eds) (2002) Agents in Design 2002. Key Centre of Design Computing and Cognition, University of Sydney, pp. 257-276
summary	This paper describes a computational model that implements the operations of a constructive memory system for design. The current model is based on a modified Interactive Activation and Competition (IAC) network with learning capabilities incorporated. Implementations and experiments pertaining to the various features of the constructive memory system are also described.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/05/10 10:16

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