Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ascaad2006_paper4
id	ascaad2006_paper4
authors	Kouider, Tahar
year	2006
title	Evolution or Revolution: is digital conceptual design the way forward for Architects?
source	Computing in Architecture / Re-Thinking the Discourse: The Second International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2006), 25-27 April 2006, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
summary	This research investigates architectural conceptual design and discusses its recent historical, philosophical and theoretical development within the overall architectural design process and attempts to establish an objective definition more tuned to current thinking and advancement in technology. It also evaluates the various traditional and information technology (IT) tools available to the designer and establishes their relationship to the conceptual design process in order to identify if any of these tools, in particular the IT tools, have a role to play in the practice and the enhancement of the conceptual design process. A survey of Scottish practicing architects (small to medium size practices) was undertaken to validate the results of the investigation. The results seem to suggest that IT tools are not essential to the conceptual design process but that they are very well capable of enhancing the creativity and speed of some aspects of it. They also suggest the existence of an inherent resistance amongst Architects / designers to utilising these tools in conceptual design. It is, furthermore, identified that if practitioners were to encompass new working practices and acquire new skills, IT tools could also provide powerful new modes of communication with the client. A correlation between the size of the practice and the degree of exposure and experience of IT tools was also established. To test some of the above findings, a design studio experiment was undertaken where half of the students adopted digital tools, utilising SketchUp software and digital sketchpads, whilst the others adopted traditional tools for the conceptual design part of their projects. No attempt was made to gauge the quality of the actual designs produced. The results indicate that the SketchUp group rated their conceptual design experience higher in terms of efficiency, flexibility and communication. The control group, who had dominantly adopted traditional freehand sketching, were impressed by the outcome from the SketchUp group. All student who answered the questionnaire, both SketchUp and control groups, said they would consider adopting some form of 3D sketching in the future.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	caadria2024_489
id	caadria2024_489
authors	Koupaei, Afshin
year	2024
title	Bendscape: Optimized Manufacturing by Incorporating Tool Development and Machining in Design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2024.3.301
source	Nicole Gardner, Christiane M. Herr, Likai Wang, Hirano Toshiki, Sumbul Ahmad Khan (eds.), ACCELERATED DESIGN - Proceedings of the 29th CAADRIA Conference, Singapore, 20-26 April 2024, Volume 3, pp. 301–310
summary	The abundance of computationally designed and manufactured architectural projects and pavilions in recent years has shifted the boundaries of architectural design and fabrication to a great extent. Hence, there exists a gap between the computational design and computationally controlled or informed manufacturing. This imposes additional design and production time, waste of material, and in general project costs, more specifically for non-conventional projects. The expansion of architects' computational design skills did not always require an up-to-speed knowledge of computer-aided manufacturing and expertise with material. This is maybe one of the main causes of the aforementioned gap. Moreover, experiments in architectural firms and schools are not always of the same nature. Students of architecture are not necessarily equipped with the knowledge that could be used in the real field to solve the actual computation design and making problems. This article elaborates on an academic experiment attempting to narrow this gap. The project begins with a series of subtractive wood bending experimentations. These studies then provide the foundations for developing a task-specific design and manufacturing toolkit that allows for an accelerated design and making process. To prove the concept, a group of 12 students finalized the final design in one day and delivered the final manufactured pavilion in a week.
keywords	subtractive manufacturing, cnc machining, robotic manufacturing, computational tool developing, material experiment, wood bending, kerf bending, manufacturing optimization
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2024/11/17 22:05

_id	bsct_kourkoutas
id	bsct_kourkoutas
authors	Kourkoutas, Vassilios
year	2007
title	Parametric Form Finding in Contemporary Architecture
source	Vienna University of Technology; Building Science & Technology
summary	The search of new geometry has been during the last years an interesting subject for Contemporary Architecture. As the 21st century brought a new era for architectural design, CAD programs have evolved together with the idea of Form Finding. The possibilities offered make the collaboration of the architect with the computer now possible in terms of searching the appropriate form for given cases. As the analysis of contemporary architectural pieces has indicated, the procedure of architectural design can be semi-automated. Parametric Form Finding is transferring generative approaches into the architectural design workflow by introducing a set of rules to describe the constrains of the form. Given this context, two methods have been realized, which are guided by the user by providing basic two dimensional shapes, restrictions and form characteristics. The approach is fitted in a plug-in for the modeling environment of Rhinoceros that generates three dimensional form based on the user?s input. The methods followed are being evaluated.
keywords	Parametric, Form Finding, Rhinoceros, plug-in
series	thesis:MSc
type	normal paper
email
more	http://cec.tuwien.ac.at
last changed	2007/07/22 15:29

_id	ecaaderis2018_106
id	ecaaderis2018_106
authors	Kourniatis, Nikolaos, Christidi, Nikoletta, Fakiri, Ioanna, Tsoumpri, Dimitra, Tsoukalas, Nikolaos and Karras, Evaggelos
year	2018
title	The Geometrical Structure of new Architectural Object - The role of meta-mechanics of Holography in its formation
source	Odysseas Kontovourkis (ed.), Sustainable Computational Workflows [6th eCAADe Regional International Workshop Proceedings / ISBN 9789491207143], Department of Architecture, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus, 24-25 May 2018, pp. 29-38
keywords	In recent years there has been a gradually increasing interest in the terms on which the design and geometrical representation of the architectural object is based. ?he true challenge lies in the development of a methodology or mechanism which, having as its starting point the traditional object geometrical representation practices, will allow for a combination of new technologies towards creating new visual messages. In this research, the process of putting together a new architectural object, the digital hologram, will be seen as one such mechanism. The new views and strategies on space are open to treating spatial constructions, as a restructuring of the structures that could bring about changes for more favorable conditions for the representation of the architectural form. Thus, the strategies of architectural pioneering are judged by their ability to develop new procedures that are capable of reversing.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2018/05/29 14:33

_id	ijac201816404
id	ijac201816404
authors	Kousoulas, Stavros
year	2018
title	Shattering the black box: Technicities of architectural manipulation
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 16 - no. 4, 295-305
summary	This article attempts to reverse a fallacy often met in architectural theories and practices: that of a supposed input which through processes of what one can broadly call translations generates a built output. The input–output fallacy produces an architectural black box that treats both architectural thinking and doing as a mere process of projecting, representing and annotating ‘properly’ what will later be executed. On the contrary, a manipulative account of architecture as an active process of ecological engineering will pave the way for not only reversing the fallacy but also towards a particular understanding of architectural practices: architectural technicities and their reticular, affective potentials. Drawing on the theories of Gilbert Simondon, André Leroi-Gourhan, Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, I will examine how architecture can be genealogically approached as a reticular technicity which evolves by a reciprocal concretisation of its technical objects and a generalisation of its active practitioners: no longer the application of transcendental design rules, of symbolic deductions or statistical inductions but rather abductive heuristics of affective techniques; no input nor output but practices of sensorial amplification via material manipulation and vice versa.
keywords	Abduction, concretisation, Leroi-Gourhan, Simondon, technicity
series	journal
email
last changed	2019/08/07 14:04

_id	ecaade2008_019
id	ecaade2008_019
authors	Koutamanis , Alexander
year	2008
title	Recognition of Building Elements in Free-Hand Sketches
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.419
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 419-426
summary	The paper presents a framework for the recognition of free-hand sketches based on spatial and temporal information that permits identification of strokes, grouping of strokes into graphic symbols and recognition of depictions of building elements in the graphic symbols. It proposes that the symbols involved in 2D projections are generally small and manageable despite the vagueness and multiple layering of sketches.
keywords	Sketching, recognition, building elements, representation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ecaade2008_017
id	ecaade2008_017
authors	Koutamanis , Alexander
year	2008
title	Objects, Properties and Relations
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.577
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 577-584
summary	The paper takes a fundamental look at the composition of digital design representations, in particular at the objects they comprise, the properties of these objects and relations between objects. It proposes that the clarity of domain principles underlying such representation should be matched by explicit, flexible implementations that not only fit design actions and transactions rather than institutional classifications and prescriptive views of architectural information but also challenge formulations of the domain principles.
keywords	Representation, symbols, relations, constraints
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	cf2005_1_65_47
id	cf2005_1_65_47
authors	KOUTAMANIS Alexander
year	2005
title	Sketching with Digital Pen and Paper
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2005 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 1-4020-3460-1] Vienna (Austria) 20–22 June 2005, pp. 321-330
summary	Architectural sketching with the computer has been possible for some time now. Using manual and optical digitizers architects have been able to create images similar in structure and appearance to conventional sketches on paper. Digitized sketches are traditionally associated with early design but are also increasingly linked to interactive interfaces and information management. The paper reports on the application of a new technology (Anoto) that uses a digital pen on specially prepared paper. The focus of the application was feedback from analogue documents to the computer programs used for preparing these documents and on the roles of freehand sketching in later design phases. Sketching with digital pen and paper was found to be useful for the management of annotations made on analogue versions of digital information, especially in multi-actor synchronous and asynchronous situations.
keywords	digital sketching, annotation, information management, digitization, interaction
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2006/11/07 07:27

_id	462c
id	462c
authors	Koutamanis, A. and Mitossi, V.
year	2001
title	ON REPRESENTATION
source	Achten, H.H., de Vries, B. and Hennessey, J. (eds). Design Research in the Netherlands 2000, 105-116
series	book
type	normal paper
email
more	http://www.designresearch.nl/PDF/DRN2000_Koutamanis_Mitossi.pdf
last changed	2005/10/12 15:38

_id	30c8
authors	Koutamanis, A., Barendse, P.B74 and Kempenaar, J.W.
year	1999
title	Web-based CAAD Instruction: The Delft Experience
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1999.159
source	Architectural Computing from Turing to 2000 [eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-5-7] Liverpool (UK) 15-17 September 1999, pp. 159-168
summary	In the early 1990s, the introduction of an extensive CAAD component in the compulsory curriculum of the Faculty of Architecture, Delft University of Technology, stimulated experimentation with computer-based instruction systems. The emergence of the World Wide Web presented new possibilities. Nevertheless, the reasons for investing in Web-based CAAD instruction were mostly pragmatic, i.e. a reaction to necessity, rather than an intention to explore, experiment and revolutionize. One of the problems addressed in our Web-based CAAD instruction is CAAD literacy. Help files and manuals that accompany software have proven to be unsuitable for introductory courses in design computing. This led to the development of a series of dynamic Web-based tutorials, in the form of interactive slide shows. The implementation of the tutorials is based on a cooperative framework that allows teachers and students to contribute at different levels of technical and methodical complexity. The use of the Web in CAAD education also stimulated a more active attitude among students. Despite the limited support and incentives offered by the Faculty, the Web-based CAAD courses became an invitation to intelligent and meaningful use of Web technologies by students for design presentation and communication. This is not only a useful addition to the opportunities offered by CAAD systems but also a prerequisite to new design communities.
keywords	WWW Technologies, Teaching
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	6f5d
authors	Koutamanis, A., Bridges A.H. and Van Loon, P.P.
year	1994
title	C-ad hoc Education
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1994.039
source	The Virtual Studio [Proceedings of the 12th European Conference on Education in Computer Aided Architectural Design / ISBN 0-9523687-0-6] Glasgow (Scotland) 7-10 September 1994, pp. 39-42
summary	In the framework of an evolving curriculum we have been developing a series of CAAD exercises aimed at providing the basic knowledge and skills a student needs. The series formed initially a conventional sequence that mapped design stages and corresponded with the gradual development of knowledge and skills. Due to originally practical reasons we are currently relaxing the sequential structure of the CAAD curriculum. This gives us the opportunity to experiment with the integration of the CAAD exercises in the wider design activities of the students, as well as with the structure of the exercises themselves as fully self-contained units.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	8ee5
authors	Koutamanis, A., Mitossi, V.
year	1996
title	SIMULATION FOR ANALYSIS: REQUIREMENTS FROM ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
source	Full-Scale Modeling in the Age of Virtual Reality [6th EFA-Conference Proceedings]
summary	Computerization has been a positive factor in the evolution of both kinds of analysis with respect to cost, availability and efficiency. Knowledge-based systems offer an appropriate implementation environment for normative analysis which can be more reliable and economical than evaluation by human experts. Perhaps more significant is the potential of interactive computer simulation where designs can be examined intuitively in full detail and at the same time by quantitative models. The advantages of this coupling are evident in the achievements of scientific visualization. Another advantage of computational systems is that the analysis can be linked to the design representation, thereby adding feedback to the conventional visualization of designs in drawing and modeling systems. Such connections are essential for the development of design guidance systems capable of reflecting consequences of partial inadequacies or changes to other aspects in a transparent and meaningful network of design constraints. The possibilities of computer simulation also extend to issues inadequately covered by normative analysis and in particular to dynamic aspects of design such as human movement and circulation. The paper reports on a framework for addressing two related problems, (a) the simulation of fire escape from buildings and (b) the simulation of human movement on stairs. In both cases we propose that current evaluation techniques and the underlying design norms are too abstract to offer a measure of design success, as testified by the number of fatal accidents in fires and on stairs. In addition, fire escape and stair climbing are characterized by great variability with respect to both the form of the possible designs and the profiles of potential users. This suggests that testing prototypical forms by typical users and publishing the results as new, improved norms is not a realistic proposition for ensuring a global solution. Instead, we should test every design individually, within its own context. The development of an affordable, readily available system for the analysis and evaluation of aspects such as fire escape and stair safety can be based on the combination of the technologies of virtual reality and motion capture. Testing of a design by a number of test people in an immersion space provides not only intuitive evaluations by actual users but also quantitative data on the cognitive and proprioceptive behaviour of the test people. These data can be compiled into profiles of virtual humans for further testing of the same or related designs.
keywords	Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
type	normal paper
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa/
last changed	2004/05/04 14:40

_id	a28d
authors	Koutamanis, A., Van Leusen, M. and Mitossi, V.
year	2001
title	Route analysis in complex buildings
source	Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures [ISBN 0-7923-7023-6] Eindhoven, 8-11 July 2001, pp. 711-724
summary	Analysis of pedestrian circulation in buildings is usually performed in the early stages of the design process or later on with respect to a specific design problem such as fire safety. In both cases, the analysis relates more to wayfinding, i.e. search for a route on the basis of fundamental normative criteria. Wayfinding analysis in existing buildings is useful for the comparison between “rational” behaviour and actual usage but this comparison does little to explicate the observed structure of pedestrian circulation. In contrast to wayfinding, route analysis deals with the registration and assessment of actual patterns of pedestrian circulation in existing buildings. These patterns are represented topologically and geometrically. The geometric representation makes use of norms underlying building codes in order to reach an appropriate level of abstraction. Route representations are implemented on top of a building representation of relevant spatial and building elements. The building representation serves both as input and output for the route analysis. Input and output are largely automated, including production of the geometric route locally (i.e. within each space) and measurement of route distance and complexity. Use data are collected in an alphanumeric database and linked dynamically to the geometric and topological representation. Route analysis supports and refines other forms of post-occupancy evaluation by adding important dynamic aspects to activity allocation and compartmentalization.
keywords	Pedestrian Circulation, Analysis, Representation, Interaction
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2006/11/07 07:22

_id	5e33
id	5e33
authors	Koutamanis, A.
year	2001
title	PROLEGOMENA TO THE RECOGNITION OF FLOOR PLAN SKETCHES: A TYPOLOGY OF ARCHITECTURAL AND GRAPHIC PRIMITIVES IN FREEHAND REPRESENTATION
source	Achten, H.H., de Vries, B. and Hennessey, J. (eds). Design Research in the Netherlands 2000, 93-103
series	book
type	normal paper
email
more	http://www.designresearch.nl/PDF/DRN2000_Koutamanis.pdf
last changed	2005/10/12 15:37

_id	ddss9452
id	ddss9452
authors	Koutamanis, Alexander
year	1994
title	Recognition and Retrieval in Visual Architectural Databases
source	Second Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture & Urban Planning (Vaals, the Netherlands), August 15-19, 1994
summary	The development of visual architectural databases is heavily constrained by two technically, practically and conceptually intricate problems, input and retrieval. Input of visual images indifferent forms and from a variety of sources results into computer documents which can only be reproduced and disseminated. Any other use requires extensive annotation of the images with respect to indexing terms and other conceptual structures that make the images identifiable. The bulk of even modest visual databases and the complexity of the images and of the conceptual schemes means that interactive processing is labour-intensive and unreliable. Retrieval also relies on the same processes of annotation and indexing, which make possible the correlation of database contents with user queries. The paper presents the potential of automated recognition for inputting architectural floor plans into visual databases. An optically digitized image is segmented and each segment recognized as an instance of a building element (wall, door, window, etc.). The array ofrecognized elements is then controlled for recognition and segmentation errors. Further processing allows identification of spaces in the floor plan and of their interrelationships. The output of the process is a symbolic array that is much more compact than the original pixel array and also amenable to abstract and /or specific user queries, such as "How many doors are there in the floorplan" or "Which floor plans contain a double loaded corridor". These queries can be input verbally or graphically. Identification of building and spatial elements in a floor plan also allows use of vocabulary control in retrieval: user queries are checked against a thesaurus of architectural terms for accuracy and precision. The user is then presented with options for the improvement of the query before proceeding with identifying relevant entries in the database. Use ofvocabulary control as a search intermediary improves performance and reduces user frustration by making explicit the relevance of a query.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddssar9620
id	ddssar9620
authors	Koutamanis, Alexander
year	1996
title	Elements and coordinating devices in architecture: An initial formulation
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Third Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings (Spa, Belgium), August 18-21, 1996
summary	Design representations of the built environment are essentially atomistic. A design is represented by its atomic components which may vary according to abstraction level, their properties and, if possible, their relationships. The utility of such representations has been amply demonstrated in academic research. However, the transition to practice means a substantial growth of the size of these representations in order to cover the many abstraction levels and the multiple aspects involved in the design and the management of the built environment. In most cases the complexity of larger representations renders them unmanageable for both computers and humans. The paper outlines an approach which enriches the atomistic basis of the representation with connected but independent coordinating devices. This facilitates the transformation of the basic relational representations into multilevel structures where each level corresponds to different aspects and abstraction scales. Coordinating devices are instrumental for the representation of multilateral relationships and abstract spatial schemata which precede or supersede the placement and arrangement of elements.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddss9833
id	ddss9833
authors	Koutamanis, Alexander
year	1998
title	Information systems and the Internet: towards a news counter-revolution?
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary	The explosive evolution of the Internet into a ubiquitous infrastructure influences the generation, dissemination and use of information. From a historical perspective it redefines issues that have been central to the news and information industry since the seventeenth century. One such issue is periodicity. The practicalities of news media and news as a commodity have resulted into the periodical appearance of news and, by extension, of all actual information. Integral to periodicity iscontrol of information production by institutions or other authorized channels. With the advent of the Internet we are reverting to an a-periodical information system characterized by personalization anddirect contact between information provider and information user. Rather than relying on the institutional status of the propagation channels, we are increasingly evaluating information quality by the integrity, up-to-datedness and reliability of its source. Moreover, we are able to complement orcorroborate information by linking different sources together in compound representations. The extent and complexity of the Internet make search intermediaries necessary. These collect and collate information either ad hoc (responding to a user query) or as part of wider documentation projects. These projects re-introduce institutionalization but the autonomous, intelligent mechanisms used by such intermediaries promote personalization in information retrieval and facilitate decentralization ofinformation supply into a cottage industry. In addition to a-periodicity, directness and wider availability of information, decentralization provides a new social and technical context for precedent and case-based approaches in designing.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddssar0015
id	ddssar0015
authors	Koutamanis, Alexander
year	2000
title	Recognition of spatial grouping in rectangular arrangements
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fifth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings (Nijkerk, the Netherlands)
summary	Rectangular arrangements are an efficient technique for generating an exhaustive catalogue of a class of designs. Moreover, they offer the possibility of retrieving designs from such a catalogue on the basis of geometric or topological features. The paper describes an extension of the possibilities of rectangular arrangements in indexing and retrieving catalogues of architectural floor plans through the recognition of spatial grouping. Using an adaptation of the chain code, each space in a shape arrangement is labeled in terms of its bilateral geometric relationships with contiguous spaces. This means that each space is maximally labeled as many times as the number of its contiguous spaces. The labels of a space are ordered on the basis of a priority list that reflects the stylistic preferences of the particular design class. Grouping of spaces uses the ordered space labels as criteria. The groups returned by this process agree with human intuitive perception of spatial grouping in the floor plan, as well as with expert architectural knowledge. For example, Palladian floor plans are consistently grouped into a central space group flanked by two symmetric space groups.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	17ba
authors	Koutamanis, Alexander
year	2001
title	Fuzzy Modeling of Floor Plan Layout
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2001.314
source	Reinventing the Discourse - How Digital Tools Help Bridge and Transform Research, Education and Practice in Architecture [Proceedings of the Twenty First Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-10-1] Buffalo (New York) 11-14 October 2001, pp. 314-321
summary	Fuzzy modeling provides methods and techniques for qualifying and quantifying imprecise and uncertain information. The main advantages of fuzzy design representation are fluency, abstraction and continuity, at a level similar to that of analogue techniques, as well as the possibility of local autonomy, i.e. segmentation of a representation into self-regulating and cooperating components. The paper investigates the applicability of fuzziness to digital architectural sketching of floor plan layouts. Based on an analysis of the paradigmatic dimension in analogue floor plan sketches three alternative forms are proposed: (1) Canonical objects with tolerances, (2) objects described by minimal and maximal values, and (3) point sets which decompose the form of an object into a number of discrete, autonomous particles that describe the object by their position and spatial or structural relationships.
keywords	Representation, Sketching, Floor Plan, Fuzziness
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ddssar0219
id	ddssar0219
authors	Koutamanis, Alexander
year	2002
title	Verbal Retrieval of Pictorial Information
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	The proliferation of on-line image databases and the utility of these images have triggered the development of content-based techniques for indexing and retrieval. Most techniques are characterized by a verbal interpretation of visual patterns for query formulation. The paper describes the integration of such verbal terms for architectural pictorial information in AZILE, a natural language interface that operates through a dialogue with the user. In this dialogue the user expresses queries as normal everydayutterances. These are parsed and matched to a thesaurus of architectural terms and concepts. The meaning and associations of these terms result into a preliminary fuzzy classification of available pictorialinformation. The purpose of AZILE is three-fold. Firstly, it serves as an incremental refinement of the query. Secondly, it facilitates direct retrieval of suitable information in a browsing fashion. Thirdly, itsupports machine learning by automatically indexing of the images with the terms identified in the user’s utterances.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

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