CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id 3c8c
authors Kadysz, Andrzej
year 1995
title CAAD Space – Incompatible Space
source CAD Space [Proceedings of the III International Conference Computer in Architectural Design] Bialystock 27-29 April 1995, pp. 147-158
summary In this paper computer is considered as the "hypertool" - union of technical and methodological aspects of a tool. CAAD and its space is a microcosmos incompatible with our real world. CAAD performs the role of electronic modeller that redefines space and substance of our model by structure of the CAAD software and reduces the range of possible operations, transformations of a model. The environment that is internally wild opened - everything is an information easy to exchange, but externally is excluded from direct influences and manual access. I try to discover typical and unique features of this virtual environment of CAAD, substance of virtual model and computer as the tool of architectural creation. Medium that redefines" architects" imagination.
series plCAD
last changed 2000/01/24 10:08

_id 0726
authors Kadysz, Andrzej
year 1994
title CAD the Tool
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1994.x.k7r
source The Virtual Studio [Proceedings of the 12th European Conference on Education in Computer Aided Architectural Design / ISBN 0-9523687-0-6] Glasgow (Scotland) 7-10 September 1994, p. 212
summary What is the role of CAAD as a tool of architectural form creation ? We used to over-estimate the role of computer as significant factor of design process. In fact it serves only to produce technical documentation and to visualise designed buildings. We usually use CAAD to record ideas, not to create designs. We use it like more complex pencil. But it is unsuitable for conceptual design , with imperceptible influence on idea definition. Its practical usefulnes is limited. I would like to consider and find out reasons of that state, present some conclusions and ideas on computer aided architectural form creation. Many tools were invented to extend posibilities of human body or intellect. Microscop and telescop are extensions of human eye. Which organ is extended by computer (especially by CAAD)? CAAD with high developed function of visualising of the object beeing designed seems to be an extension of architect's imagination. It is beeing used to foresee visual efects, to check designed forms, to see something what we are not able to imagine. It performes the role of electronic modeler. Real model and virtual model - the medium of presentation is diferent but ways of using them are similar . Dislocation of place where we build model is not a big achievement, but potential possbilities of CAAD in modeling are almost unlimited (?). What are special features of CAAD as a modeling tool? First we have to consider what is indispensible when building a model: to embody idea. To do this we need space, substance and tools. In architectural design practice space is a real site with definite climate, neigbourhood, orientation. Substance that we shape is an archiectural form composed of many difrent elements: walls, windows, roof, entry, ... , proportions, rhythm, emotions, impresions... The tool is: our knowledge, imagination, talent, experience, norms, law and drawing equipment. Working with the computer, making virtual model, we have many of mentioned elements given in structure of CAAD program and interpreted by it. But many of them have different character. Making traditional dummy of building we operate on reality which is manually accessible. In case of computer model we operate on information. Space, substance and tool (- program) are informations, data. Human being is not an abstract data processor, but creature that lives non stop in close, direct, sensual contact with nature. By this contact with enviroment collects experiences. Computer can operate on digital data that is optionally selected and given by user, independent upon enviromental conditions. Usually architecture was created on basis of enviroment, climate, gravity. But these do not exist in CAAD programs or exist in the symbolic form. Character of these conditions is not obvious. We can watch demeanour of objects in gravity but it can be also antigravity. In theory of systems everything is considered as a part of biger system. In "virtual" reality (in computer space) we deal with accurences which are reduced to abstract level, free upon terms or connections. We work with our CAAD software using geometric space whithout any other principle.

series eCAADe
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id caadria2008_17_session2a_143
id caadria2008_17_session2a_143
authors Kaewlai, Pornpis; Pinyo Jinuntuya, Pizzanu Kanongchaiyos
year 2008
title Interactive Feasibility-based CAAD System for Infrastructure and Open Space Planning in Housing Project Design
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2008.143
source CAADRIA 2008 [Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Chiang Mai (Thailand) 9-12 April 2008, pp. 143-148
summary The decision support system developed in this research is aimed to the conceptual scheme of project focusing on infrastructure planning and open space design in the architectural context for housing project. Alternative design sets are provided within the limitations, and possibilities to be further evaluated appropriately. This system helps architects and developers to analyze relationships of physical environment, architectural requirements and the overall of project-related factors with real-time cost estimation. Factors for cost estimation derived from the beginning to the end of project will be manipulated simultaneously. Architects and developers can use this design simulation to address the physical data with real-time cost estimation, provide alternative results, and design evaluation for overall project’s feasibility. The software of our research is not just a tool for design & planning automation in feasibility analysis. It will be an interactive decision support system for both developers and planners aspects. The system was developed by SketchUp Ruby Application Programming Interface. The results will be presented into two ways. Firstly, 2D and 3D modeling will be used for interactive visualization in design and planning of the beginning process. Subsequently, numbers and additional factors in details will be used to show relationship between architectural environment and feasibility-based information to help architects and developers collaboratively analyze the land use planning and open space design for housing project. In evaluation process, the developed software is tested with the project preceding and the future project of Bangkok area under constraints and regulations of Building Control Act of Thailand. In conclusion, this system will make effectiveness in design process and management of the construction knowledge. The decision support systems should be designed to makes explicit use of both planning analysis aspect and knowledge-based decision making.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52

_id ecaadesigradi2019_346
id ecaadesigradi2019_346
authors Kaftan, Martin, Sautter, Sebastian and Kubicek, Bernhard
year 2019
title Integrating BIPV during Early Stages of Building Design
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.139
source Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 139-144
summary In the quest to achieve the ambitious climate and clean energy targets the broad implementation of Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) is one of the keys. Photovoltaic (PV) modules can be installed above or on current roofing or traditional wall structures. In addition, BIPV devices substitute the skin of the exterior construction frame, i.e. the weather screen, thus simultaneously acting as both a climate screen and an energy producing source. However, while the integral planning strategy to building projects promotes the effective execution of BIPV, the limitation lies in the absence of both instruments and easy-to-use planning aid guidelines, particularly by non-PV experts in the early design stage. This study presents computational methods that help to quickly analyze the BIPV potential for a given building project and to suggest the optimal economical amount and location of the panels based on the building's energy demand profile.
keywords building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV); integral planning; design rules; simplified models; machine learning
series eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52

_id caadria2014_274
id caadria2014_274
authors Kaftan, Martin; Markus Manahl, Jiri Pavlicek, Elmar Hess and Urs Hirschberg
year 2014
title Augmented Parametrics
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.615
source Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 615–624
summary Current parametric design software lacks the capacity to integrate simulation and optimisation when they would be most relevant: at the early stages of the design process. This paper presents a novel framework to address this issue: A parametric program that supports performance-based modelling by integrating detailed physical simulation modules that also take construction issues into account, while at the same time providing easy access to high-level optimisation approaches. Providing bidirectional parametric modelling capabilities, we refer to the system under development as augmented parametrics. It is being developed as part of a research project sponsored by the Austrian Science Foundation.
keywords Parametric design; generative design; optimization; building performance simulation
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52

_id e835
authors Kaga, A. and Sasada, T. (et al).
year 1997
title City information Visualizer Using 3-D model and Computer Graphics
source Proceedings of the 20th Symposium on Computer Technology of Information, Systems and Applications (AIJ), pp. 205-210
summary 3-D models and computer graphics with its visual characteristics enables easier understanding of various information. Up until now 3-D models and computer graphics has not been used for the analysis of city information due to its high cost and the need for special techniques. Currently, we have discovered new technology in hyper medium based on network technology and lower costs. This paper focuses on the construction of an interactive and visual 3-D city information system, aiming at the 'idea processor' for research and analysis of city planning and market research. We have discovered the requirements necessary for the City Information Visualizer system. Using this technology we will construct the prototype system of the 3-D City Information Visualizer. This system is based on the personal computer and the Client/Server system. The system is then applied to practical city analysis. This paper presents the prototype system and its evaluation in a real project.
series other
last changed 2003/04/23 15:50

_id 24f4
authors Kaga, A., Comair, C. and Sasada, T.
year 1997
title Collaborative Design System with Network Technologies
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1997.187
source CAADRIA ‘97 [Proceedings of the Second Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 957-575-057-8] Taiwan 17-19 April 1997, pp. 187-196
summary During the past ten years at the Sasada Lab of Osaka University has been using computer graphics for presentation, design review and design for practical architectural design projects. Our laboratory is interested in "collaborative design” with designers, clients and citizen. We discovered that there are two major problems, initiatives and timing, and have found new solutions using network technologies. This method have solved these problems, but we have found major problems in "collaborative design” that occur the during many practical architectural design projects. This paper presents these problems and some of the solutions and research that our group has accomplished, or is pursuing in the field of "collaborative design”, using some of the latest technologies in hyper-medium and networking. This paper presents the requirements for Collaborative Design System, the new technologies and the thought of system architecture, the prototype system in practical design project, and the evaluation of prototype system.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52

_id f01f
authors Kaga, A., Nakahama, K., Hamada, S., Yamaguchi, S. and Sasada, T.
year 2001
title Collaborative design system with hypermedium and networking
source Automation in Construction 10 (3) (2001) pp. 309-318
summary During the past 10 years, the Sasada Lab of Osaka University has been using computer graphics (CG) for presentation, design review, and design for practical architectural design projects. Our laboratory is interested in "collaborative design" with designers, clients, and citizen. We discovered that there are two major problems, initiatives and timing, and have found new solutions using network technologies. This method have solved these problems, but we have found major problems in "collaborative design" that occur during many practical architectural design projects. This paper presents these problems and some of the solutions and research that our group has accomplished, or is pursuing, in the field of "collaborative design" using some of the latest technologies in hypermedium and networking. This paper presents the requirements for collaborative design system, the new technologies and the thought of system architecture, the prototype system in practical design project, and the evaluation of prototype system.
series journal paper
more http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed 2003/05/15 21:22

_id 399e
authors Kaga, A., Nakahama, K., Hamada, S., Yamaguchi, S., Yamanishi, H. and Sasada, T.
year 1999
title Collaborative Design System for Citizen Participation in Planning Public Road Projects
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1999.225
source CAADRIA '99 [Proceedings of The Fourth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 7-5439-1233-3] Shanghai (China) 5-7 May 1999, pp. 225-234
summary The realization of smooth execution of public street enterprise and good communication with inhabitants needs the way of easy and right explanation which the inhabitants understand the street planning, and the scheme of administration and inhabitants make the nice housing environment together. In this paper, the street planing presentation system for inhabitants established by using computer graphics. The applicability of the presentation system is made clear using in the real project.
series CAADRIA
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52

_id 0d08
authors Kaga, A., Nakahama, K., Yamaguchi, S., Jyozen, T., Oh, S. and> Sasada, T.
year 2000
title Collaborative Design System for Citizen Participation
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2000.035
source CAADRIA 2000 [Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 981-04-2491-4] Singapore 18-19 May 2000, pp. 35-44
summary Citizens are becoming increasingly aware of the issues involved in public utility projects. Therefore, it is becoming important for public works departments of local governments to obtain consent from the residents concerned. We established the collaborative design system for citizen participation with using computer graphics. With using the system we found that the related persons have some requirements about collaborative design system. It can be effectively done with network and multimedia technologies. This paper presents the requirements for new collaborative design system.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52

_id a787
authors Kaga, A., Shimazu, Y., Yamauchi, T., Ishihara, H. And Sasada, T.
year 1998
title City Information Visualizer Using 3-D Model and Computer Graphics
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1998.193
source CAADRIA ‘98 [Proceedings of The Third Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 4-907662-009] Osaka (Japan) 22-24 April 1998, pp. 193-202
summary 3-D models and computer graphics with its visual characteristics enables easier understanding of various information. Up until now 3-D models and computer graphics has not been used for the analysis of city information due to its high cost and the need for special techniques. Currently, we have discovered new technology in hyper medium based on network technology and lower costs. This paper focuses on the construction of an interactive and visual 3-D city information system, aiming at the ‘idea processor’ for research and analysis of city planning and market research. We have discovered the requirements necessary for the City Information Visualizer system. Using this technology we will construct the prototype system of the 3-D City Information Visualizer. This system is based on the personal computer and the Client/Server system. The system is then applied to practical city analysis. This paper presents the prototype system and its evaluation in a real project.
keywords City Planning, Computer Graphics, 3-D Model, VRML, JAVA
series CAADRIA
email
more http://www.caadria.org
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52

_id ecaade2007_221
id ecaade2007_221
authors Kaga, Atsuko ; Miyagawa, Atsushi ; Fukuda, Tomohiro
year 2007
title Construction of a Participatory Community Space Design System
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2007.099
source Predicting the Future [25th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-6-5] Frankfurt am Main (Germany) 26-29 September 2007, pp. 99-106
summary Residents’ active participation is necessary for a feasible community design from the planning stage to maintenance and management. it is necessary to show information related to a plan efficiently to facilitate understanding, and to consider a plan in a limited time. The purpose of this study is to develop a Community Space Design system (CSDS) that can use GIS data and Real-time simulation, in order to support comprehension of 3D area information during continuous development. Using CSDS, participants were able to treat various GIS data fixed, and a subject called the division and the disaster prevention of a community, which the object ground is holding can be understood visually on the same 3D space as real space. Because their solution was found, the design was accepted quickly.
keywords Environmental design, virtual reality, real-time simulation, GIS
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52

_id caadria2006_503
id caadria2006_503
authors KAGA, ATSUKO; ATSUSHI MIYAGAWA, MASAHIRO KAWAGUCHI, WOOKHYUN YEO, TOMOHIRO FUKUDA
year 2006
title LANDSCAPE EVALUATION SYSTEM USING A 3D SPACE MODEL AND A CELLULAR PHONE WITH GPS CAMERA
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2006.x.g8f
source CAADRIA 2006 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Kumamoto (Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, 503-512
summary In recent years there has been a demand that local residents take part in the planning of environmental designs from the initial stages. On the issue of understanding the local environment, it is desirable to accumulate and share information and to enable it to be reused. To this end, attention has been focused on the cellular phone which can provide position information and picture information in addition to serving as a tool of general communication. For several years now it has been increasingly common for cellular phones to be equipped with an E-mail function, a web browsing function, a camera function, a GPS function, etc. Using such cellular phones, it will become possible to quickly accumulate local information with detailed picture information and position information. On the other hand, it is desirable to look at and understand an environment interactively from various points of view from the initial stage of a project. For that purpose, examination using 3D space which makes real-time simulation possible is required. In this research, using a cellular phone with a GPS camera, scene image data is collected with the aim of constructing a local scene evaluation system which can perform a picture display using a 3D space model.
series CAADRIA
type normal paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id caadria2007_295
id caadria2007_295
authors Kaga, Atsuko; Hahm Joohyung
year 2007
title Construction of the Dynamic Environmental Knowledge Web for a Sustainable Environmental Design
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2007.x.d4d
source CAADRIA 2007 [Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Nanjing (China) 19-21 April 2007
summary This research considered position information and described the construction of an environmental knowledge website of the dynamic user participation type that can collect and send information, and that allows discussion about ecology, the environment, and sustainability. By perusing the distribution of the knowledge using position information on a 2D map and a 3D virtual space, an environmental knowledge website which can grasp spatial distribution was built.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id cf2007_045
id cf2007_045
authors Kaga, Atsuko; Masahiro Kawaguchi and Tomohiro Fukuda
year 2007
title Simulation of an Historic Building Using a Tablet MR System
source Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / 978-1-4020-6527-9 2007 [Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / 978-1-4020-6527-9] Sydney (Australia) 11–13 July 2007, pp. 45-58
summary To depict characteristics of historical buildings, digital archives must display visual information about structures and their construction. This study defines the components used for three-dimensional (3D) models of framework construction. Framework construction has heretofore portrayed structures through animation using VHS or Hi-Vision video. This paper describes a method to facilitate exhibition through interactive simulation using animation and real-time images. Furthermore, a Tablet MR can be used as an effective simulation tool for studying historical buildings in on-site models. For education about historical wooden-framework architecture, increased interactive potential according to users’ needs will be increasingly necessary.
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 2008/10/28 07:19

_id caadria2006_000
id caadria2006_000
authors Kaga, Atsuko; Naka, Ryusuhe (eds.)
year 2006
title CAADRIA '06
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2006
source Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (ISBN 4-907662-01-7 / Kumamoto, Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, 649 p.
summary It is apparent that recent development of digital technology has shifted the paradigm of the socio-economic system of the world as well as the style of day-to-day communication in our lives, as professor Mitchell suggested in his book. In the field of architecture, there have been many prospective studies on the development and applications of digital technology to architectural design practice and education. However, the reactions of the architecture community to such technological development have been slower and weaker than researchers initially expected. Is this because developed technology has overlooked some of essential needs of the community while seeking tasks for itself or because present technology is still insufficiently developed to attract people to new ideas? One of Japan's great samurai sword masters, Musashi Miyamoto, spent the last years of his life in Kumamoto where he wrote The Book of Five Rings. The most important element of his work was his concept of rhythm and harmony; how all things are in harmony, and how by working with the rhythm of a situation we can turn it to our advantage with little effort. The conference aims to provide the participants with an opportunity to explore visions and ideas on the digital technology that could enhance Rhythm and Harmony in architectural design practice and education.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:49

_id ecaade2008_158
id ecaade2008_158
authors Kaga, Atsuko; Sugawara, Shihomi
year 2008
title Research on the Visualization for Analyzing City Changes
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.939
source Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 939-944
summary To perceive such changes of city space visually, a three-dimensional (3D) city space model is effective. The use of buildings in a city space is complex, reflecting the number of stories, and the number of stories in many cases. Furthermore, environmental parameters, such as opening a shop developed for conditions of the location, the existence of a building which is easy to divert to some other purpose, a managerial layer, and the whole country, is closely related to city change. A city change can be analyzed from various perspectives if such information can also be accumulated and displayed. If it is expressed in two dimensions, it will be restricted, but if expressed in 3D, the use situation of city space can be grasped quickly. Commercial 3D GIS software is useful for visualizing such a 3D city space model while referring to attribute information. However, such software is expensive and its use is restricted. For this study, highly extensible 3D modeling software is used to develop a technique for visualizing city spaces using its attribute information. Then the developed script is applied to an actual city model in Japan.
keywords City Analysis, Urban design, 3D-model, City Visualization
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52

_id caadria2008_52_session5a_426
id caadria2008_52_session5a_426
authors Kaga, Atsuko; Yasuko Matsunaga, Kenichi Sakai, Tomohiro Fukuda
year 2008
title Construction of a design support system for the public space design in which a citizen participates: The interactive design system in a workshop
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2008.426
source CAADRIA 2008 [Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Chiang Mai (Thailand) 9-12 April 2008, pp. 426-432
summary Workshops are held with local residents’ participation as one technique by which residents plan roads and places along a route. Because residents without special knowledge participate in such workshops, it is necessary to show the contents intelligibly so that all participants might grasp the plan contents and examine them. Moreover, for community planning workshops, because the time during which they can be held is restricted, within that time, plan- related information must be organized efficiently for rapid examination and searching of its contents. As an interactive system, a real-time simulation (RS) is sought that allows rapid drawing and that has a structure to display the contents of a plan using a three-dimensional space model in real time. The purpose of this research is to build a system that supports environmental space design, which uses RS in the workshop, and which is applicable for evaluation of an actual street space maintenance plan.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52

_id acadia21_112
id acadia21_112
authors Kahraman, Ridvan; Zechmeister, Christoph; Dong, Zhetao; Oguz, Ozgur S.; Drachenberg, Kurt; Menges, Achim; Rinderspacher, Katja
year 2021
title Augmenting Design
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.112
source ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 112-121.
summary In recent years, generative machine learning methods such as variational autoencoders (VAEs) and generative adversarial networks (GANs) have opened up new avenues of exploration for architects and designers. The presented work explores how these methods can be expanded by incorporating multiple abstract criteria directly into the formulation of the algorithm that negotiates these complex criteria and proposes a fitting design. It draws inspiration from the works of several design theorists who have developed such goal-oriented approaches to design, and sets up multiple-objective VAE and GAN frameworks with this idea in mind. The research demonstrates that by incorporating multiple constraints using auxiliary discriminator networks, the developed algorithms are able to generate innovative solutions to two example problems: the design of 2D digits, and the design of 3D voxel chairs. By speculating and examining the role of the designer in data based generative computational design workflows, the research aims to provide an approach for solving design tasks in the age of big data.
series ACADIA
type paper
email
last changed 2023/10/22 12:06

_id caadria2005_b_3c_f
id caadria2005_b_3c_f
authors Kai-Ming Yang
year 2005
title A bodily user interface for VR-CAVE
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2005.129
source CAADRIA 2005 [Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] New Delhi (India) 28-30 April 2005, vol. 2, pp. 129-135
summary The main purpose of this research is to explore how body movement can increase user’s sense of presence in the virtual reality cave (VR-CAVE). Traditionally, in architectural applications, there is no interaction between users and VR-CAVE. Visual perception is the major way of presentation. The users feel certain level of sense of presence. Therefore, in order to increase user’s sense of presence, we designed a bodily user interface as our controller which utilized user’s body movement to interact with VR. The contribution is that not only a user can easily or effortlessly control and navigate VR space but also VR navigation will directly link to the experience of walking in a physical space, which provides strong sense of presence to user.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52

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