Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	sigradi2023_109
id	sigradi2023_109
authors	Costa, Luis Gustavo Gonçalves Costa and Venancio Júnior, Sergio José
year	2023
title	Monument to the Now: Real Time Genius Loci Intersemiotic Translation
source	García Amen, F, Goni Fitipaldo, A L and Armagno Gentile, Á (eds.), Accelerated Landscapes - Proceedings of the XXVII International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2023), Punta del Este, Maldonado, Uruguay, 29 November - 1 December 2023, pp. 55–66
summary	Urban landscapes are rapidly changing due to urbanization, industrialization and climate change. This concept of accelerated landscapes inspires the Monument to Now, a result of formal experimentations based on local characteristics. The research aims to investigate the translation of data from the physical environment to the digital geometric modeling of contemporary monuments for Sao Paulo. In this way, it understands how the subjectivities and intangible data of the place are translated into digital geometries. The method is divided into: theoretical foundation, study of references, selection of insertion sites, formal design, real-time data capture, visual programming, parametric modeling and visualization in augmented reality (AR). Thus, the Monument to Now is the transposition of data from genius loci to parametric design from totems with AR markers and sensors. Thus, the coexistence between work and the city results in the integration between man and the urban environment and the work with the landscape.
keywords	Theories and Practices of Landscape design in digital accelerated contexts Five, Contemporary monument, Intersemiotic translation, Genius loci, Augmented reality
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2024/03/08 14:06

_id	sigradi2017_022
id	sigradi2017_022
authors	Folga, Alejandro
year	2017
title	Imágenes Alteradas: Un ejercicio de interpretación gráfica sobre el sitio de proyecto [Altered Images: An exercise of graphic interpretation about the project site]
source	SIGraDi 2017 [Proceedings of the 21th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-227-439-5] Chile, Concepción 22 - 24 November 2017, pp.161-167
summary	This paper develops an pedagogic activity carried out in an architectural project course. This is an exercise in graphic interpretation that aims to establish a first contact with the project site. The work consists in the students to try different resources of treatment and composition of digital images to express a personal view, previous to the design stage, on the “genius loci” of the project site.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2021/03/28 19:58

_id	caadria2022_317
id	caadria2022_317
authors	Grugni, Francesco, Voltolina, Marco and Cattaneo, Tiziano
year	2022
title	Use of Object Recognition AI in Community and Heritage Mapping for the Drafting of Sustainable Development Strategies Suitable for Individual Communities, With Case Studies in China, Albania and Italy
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 717-726
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.1.717
summary	In order to plan effective strategies for the sustainable development of individual communities, as prescribed by the United Nations‚ Sustainable Development Goal 11, it is necessary for designers and policy makers to gain a deep awareness of the bond that connects people to their territory. AI-driven technologies, and specifically Object Recognition algorithms, are powerful tools that can be used to this end, as they make it possible to analyse huge amounts of pictures shared on social media by residents and visitors of a specific area. A model of the emotional, subjective point of view of the members of the community is thus generated, giving new insights that can support traditional techniques such as surveys and interviews. For the purposes of this research, three case studies have been considered: the neighbourhood around Siping Road in Shanghai, China; the village of Moscopole in southeastern Albania; the rural area of Oltrep Pavese in northern Italy. The results demonstrate that a conscious use of AI-driven technologies does not necessarily imply homogenisation and flattening of individual differences: on the contrary, in all three cases diversities tend to emerge, making it possible to recognise and enhance the individuality of each community and the genius loci of each place.
keywords	sustainable communities, artificial intelligence, object recognition, social media, SDG 11
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	ecaade2015_35
id	ecaade2015_35
authors	Hanzl, Malgorzata
year	2015
title	Methods for Geometrical Examination of Physical Settings - In the Quest for a Modus Operandi in Culture Specific Urban Design
source	Martens, B, Wurzer, G, Grasl T, Lorenz, WE and Schaffranek, R (eds.), Real Time - Proceedings of the 33rd eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria, 16-18 September 2015, pp. 361-368
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2015.1.361
wos	WOS:000372317300039
summary	The current paper develops and extends the methodology of the geometrical description of urban outdoor places, formerly defined as the index keys method. The previously defined features of street and square profiles and skylines, i.e.: central angle, regularity and corrugation, are further completed with variations which develop into a clear, mathematical explanation of the basic notions defining genius loci, including the scale and atmosphere of a place. Altogether, the geometrical analysis defined here stems from the descriptions of urban settings with regard to culture related issues. It also reveals some of the morphological processes in the transformation of urban settings which took place in the discussed locations. The algorithmic method, namely the use of Grasshopper scripting, has been applied for the automation of the process. The preliminary results of analyses are presented as well as further research pathways.
series	eCAADe
type	normal paper
email
more	https://mh-engage.ltcc.tuwien.ac.at/engage/ui/watch.html?id=b1d2c184-7029-11e5-8095-a3d56b92ec9c
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	eaea2015_t1_paper03
id	eaea2015_t1_paper03
authors	Kepczynska-Walczak, Anetta
year	2015
title	Industrial Heritage Revitalisation as a Wordplay
source	ENVISIONING ARCHITECTURE: IMAGE, PERCEPTION AND COMMUNICATION OF HERITAGE [ISBN 978-83-7283-681-6],Lodz University of Technology, 23-26 September 2015, pp.39-48
summary	The paper discusses the image of post-industrial city and perception of local values. It reveals the risks of unavoidable commercialisation of built heritage. It also shows that demolition of local industrial heritage may be transformed into cynical business strategy. A case study explains how a positive image of the investment has been created with the superficial reference to the memory of an authentic textile factory, and in a broader sense – to the post-industrial image of the city. In fact, it is an ample example of fabricated, fake post-industrial image – addressed to the na?ve taste of the general public and basing on the authenticity of sensations offered by other preserved factories. As such, it becomes a caricature of the new approach to the issue of cultural heritage. Moreover, it is particularly dangerous –since it badly affects the idea of contemporary heritage conservation.
keywords	built heritage; visual perception of industrial past; genius loci
series	EAEA
email
last changed	2016/04/22 11:52

_id	8c55
authors	Porada, Mikhael
year	1997
title	Virtual «Genius loci», or the Urban Genius of the Lieu
source	Challenges of the Future [15th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-3-0] Vienna (Austria) 17-20 September 1997
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1997.x.n0p
summary	Under the influence of information and communication technologies urban and architectural space perception is fundamentally changing. The paper is trying to investigate the reasons and effects of these changes, and propose some directions for future studies.
keywords	Genius Loci
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/ecaade/proc/porada/porada.htm
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	eaea2015_t3_paper17
id	eaea2015_t3_paper17
authors	Sanza, Paolo
year	2015
title	Reclaiming the Past: Adaptive Reuse in the Design Studio
source	ENVISIONING ARCHITECTURE: IMAGE, PERCEPTION AND COMMUNICATION OF HERITAGE [ISBN 978-83-7283-681-6],Lodz University of Technology, 23-26 September 2015, pp.439-449
summary	This paper presents the structure and outcomes of a noteworthy journey of a 4th year architectural design studio at Oklahoma State University which approached the challenges given by intervening in the immense and silent spaces of Torino’s mid 1880s built Officine Grandi Riparazioni delle Strade Ferrate, or simply OGR, not merely as an excuse for providing students with the right constituents to propose though-provoking design aesthetics, but rather as a process integrating knowledge of culture, history, tectonic, material, and technology to successfully find that “difficult middle ground between personal expression, respect for the past” and genius loci.
keywords	adaptive reuse; pedagogy; Torino
series	EAEA
email
last changed	2016/04/22 11:52

_id	acadia19_392
id	acadia19_392
authors	Steinfeld, Kyle
year	2019
title	GAN Loci
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 392-403
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.392
summary	This project applies techniques in machine learning, specifically generative adversarial networks (or GANs), to produce synthetic images intended to capture the predominant visual properties of urban places. We propose that imaging cities in this manner represents the first computational approach to documenting the Genius Loci of a city (Norberg-Schulz, 1980), which is understood to include those forms, textures, colors, and qualities of light that exemplify a particular urban location and that set it apart from similar places. Presented here are methods for the collection of urban image data, for the necessary processing and formatting of this data, and for the training of two known computational statistical models (StyleGAN (Karras et al., 2018) and Pix2Pix (Isola et al., 2016)) that identify visual patterns distinct to a given site and that reproduce these patterns to generate new images. These methods have been applied to image nine distinct urban contexts across six cities in the US and Europe, the results of which are presented here. While the product of this work is not a tool for the design of cities or building forms, but rather a method for the synthetic imaging of existing places, we nevertheless seek to situate the work in terms of computer-assisted design (CAD). In this regard, the project is demonstrative of a new approach to CAD tools. In contrast with existing tools that seek to capture the explicit intention of their user (Aish, Glynn, Sheil 2017), in applying computational statistical methods to the production of images that speak to the implicit qualities that constitute a place, this project demonstrates the unique advantages offered by such methods in capturing and expressing the tacit.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	eaea2015_t2_paper15
id	eaea2015_t2_paper15
authors	Stieglitz, Orit
year	2015
title	Can preservation Bring Back the Genius Loci? Creating a Jewish Place in a Town with no Jews
source	ENVISIONING ARCHITECTURE: IMAGE, PERCEPTION AND COMMUNICATION OF HERITAGE [ISBN 978-83-7283-681-6],Lodz University of Technology, 23-26 September 2015, pp.268-279
summary	The paper discusses the restoration and preservation of a Jewish Heritage site in a small town in Slovakia. The Jewish Suburbia of Bardejov, a spiritual complex with tremendous historical, architectural and urbanistic values has been neglected and misused since the disappearance of the town’s Jewish community during WWII. The question that the paper addresses is whether architectural preservation can bring back the historic cultural meaning and reinstate the spirit of place, the genius loci, without the people who occupied it - those who previously used the space and created its role and significance.
keywords	Jewish heritage; historic preservation; Holocaust Memorial; UNESCO World Heritage; genius loci
series	EAEA
email
last changed	2016/04/22 11:52

_id	ecaade2023_432
id	ecaade2023_432
authors	Trento, Armando, Fioravanti, Antonio and Kieferle, Joachim
year	2023
title	The Need to Reconsider Digital Design Entities
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 1, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 881–888
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.881
summary	Reconsidering digital architectural design approaches involves an accurate observation of the relation between human behaviours and spaces. Exploring the reciprocal relationships between people and context, helps better understanding societies’ needs and “genius loci” specific identity factors; in other words, the bases of good design. Inclusion of users’ behaviours in the design – apart from traditional questionnaires of participatory design – has been enhanced in the last years by the development of behaviour acquisition strategies, influenced by the evolution of sophisticated tools: the last can easily collect/use a considerable amount of data, tracking the actors’ use process in different spatial contexts (regional, urban, architectural, interior scale). The present paper, based on our previous research, wants to contribute in sketching a theoretical framework within which it is possible to address a more smart and effective computation of the interaction between users and spaces, and vice versa. The quest is to reflect on a strategy to formalise explicit design knowledge by engineering the required semantic information on top of available simulation systems. An analysis of computable architectural design process implies the investigation of project models anatomy along the CAAD history. By discussing the evolution of those models, knowledge structures and their “design entity” formal representations, this work aims at providing an ‘Ariadne’s thread’ for designers, software developers and academicians in order to enhance consciousness about limits and potentials of the tools they are familiar with.
keywords	Design Entities, Behavioural Knowledge, Use Simulation, Polysemantic
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	55c9
id	55c9
authors	Yehuda Kalay, Gokce Kinayoglu, Seung Wook Kim
year	2005
title	Spatio-Temporally Navigable Representation and Communication of Urban Cultural Heritage
source	Proceedings: VSMM 2005 International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia
summary	Virtual environments are effective tools for the representation and communication of cultural heritage. We suggest that an interactive, immersive and dynamic navigation of the virtual representation of the urban environment will not only convey the essence of the culture and the changes it underwent in a more comprehensible manner, but will engender a 'sense of place'—genius loci— in the visitors. This cognitive mode will help them learn about much more than the geometry and materiality of the city: it will make them 'feel' part of the event itself. By presenting a socially shareable experience, we aim to introduce the medium the character of a genuine place, and make it a social venue for active exploration, discussion and interaction. Virtual reality surpasses both traditional media and 3D-models and offers what they cannot. The affordances of the medium, however, also have the potential to destroy the sense of place it strives to engender. It can do so by allowing a kind of ‘time travel,’ to different periods in the history of the site. This ability locates visitors not only spatially, but also temporally. Everyday experience helps us understand the meaning of spatial boundedness, but does not prepare us to deal with temporal boundedness: sensing the presence of fellow visitors at different times. In this paper we describe our experiences in producing spatio-temporally navigable virtual reconstructions of two distinct culturally significant historic sites: the neolithic village of Çatalhöyük, and the medieval city of Cairo. We demonstrate the use of spatio-temporal navigation through a dynamic, chronologically layered model that can be browsed by multiple users at the same time. Such a dynamic system for representing chronological architectural events requires the extension of our conception of place into the temporal domain. We introduce a new concept, temporal field of view (t-FOV) and discuss how it can aid us in resolving an intrinsic challenge introduced by the representation of the temporal dimension in virtual environments.
keywords	Multi-User Virtual Environments (MUVE), Cairo, cultural heritage, temporal representation, timeline
series	other
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2008/10/03 21:34

_id	b110
id	b110
authors	Abadi Abbo, Isaac and Cavallin Calanche, Humerto
year	1994
title	Ecological Validity of Real Scale Models
source	Beyond Tools for Architecture [Proceedings of the 5th European Full-scale Modeling Association Conference / ISBN 90-6754-375-6] Wageningen (The Netherlands) 6-9 September 1994, pp. 31-40
summary	Space simulation is a technique employed by architects, urban designers, environmental psychologists and other related specialists. It is used for academic and research purposes, as an aid to evaluate the impact that the built environment or that to be built would yield in potential or real users. Real Scale Model is organized as one of the models which represents more reliable spatial characteristics in space simulations. However, it is necessary to know the ecological validity of the simulations carried out, that is the degree in which laboratory results could be taken as reliable and representative of real situations. In order to discover which variables of the model used are relevant so that their perception results ecologically valid in respect to reality, a research has been designed in which simulations of specific spaces are appraised both in real space and in the real scale model. The results of both evaluations were statistically analyzed and it shows no significative differences in psychological impressions between the evaluation of real spaces and real scale model. These ecological validation of the real scale model could be of great use to estimate the validity of the results obtained in spaces simulated in the laboratory.
keywords	Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
type	normal paper
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa
last changed	2006/06/24 09:29

_id	ddss9401
id	ddss9401
authors	Akin, Omer
year	1994
title	Psychology of Early Design in Architecture
source	Second Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture & Urban Planning (Vaals, the Netherlands), August 15-19, 1994
summary	Lately there has been a good deal of emphasis on the early stages of the design process, particularly by developers of computer aids and quantitative design models for both evaluation and generation of designs in a variety of domains. Yet, there is little understanding of the early design-process. While the early design process as manifested by human designers need not be the sole basis of the description of this phase, it certainly represents and important kernel of knowledge, especially for those who are interested in developing models, systems or merely interfaces for such systems. This paper focuses on the characterization of the psychology of the early design phase in architecture. It is described in terms of the general design strategies and problem solving tactics used; and is contrasted against some of the process characteristics that
series	DDSS
email
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	eb5f
authors	Al-Sallal, Khaled A. and Degelman, Larry 0.
year	1994
title	A Hypermedia Model for Supporting Energy Design in Buildings
source	Reconnecting [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-03-9] Washington University (Saint Louis / USA) 1994, pp. 39-49
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1994.039
summary	Several studies have discussed the limitations of the available CAAD tools and have proposed solutions [Brown and Novitski 1987, Brown 1990, Degelman and Kim 1988, Schuman et al 1988]. The lack of integration between the different tasks that these programs address and the design process is a major problem. Schuman et al [1988] argued that in architectural design many issues must be considered simultaneously before the synthesis of a final product can take place. Studies by Brown and Novitski [1987] and Brown [1990] discussed the difficulties involved with integrating technical considerations in the creative architectural process. One aspect of the problem is the neglect of technical factors during the initial phase of the design that, as the authors argued, results from changing the work environment and the laborious nature of the design process. Many of the current programs require the user to input a great deal of numerical values that are needed for the energy analysis. Although there are some programs that attempt to assist the user by setting default values, these programs distract the user with their extensive arrays of data. The appropriate design tool is the one that helps the user to easily view the principal components of the building design and specify their behaviors and interactions. Data abstraction and information parsimony are the key concepts in developing a successful design tool. Three different approaches for developing an appropriate CAAD tool were found in the literature. Although there are several similarities among them, each is unique in solving certain aspects of the problem. Brown and Novitski [1987] emphasize the learning factor of the tool as well as its highly graphical user interface. Degelman and Kim [1988] emphasize knowledge acquisition and the provision of simulation modules. The Windows and Daylighting Group of Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL) emphasizes the dynamic structuring of information, the intelligent linking of data, the integrity of the different issues of design and the design process, and the extensive use of images [Schuman et al 19881, these attributes incidentally define the word hypermedia. The LBL model, which uses hypermedia, seems to be the more promising direction for this type of research. However, there is still a need to establish a new model that integrates all aspects of the problem. The areas in which the present research departs from the LBL model can be listed as follows: it acknowledges the necessity of regarding the user as the center of the CAAD tool design, it develops a model that is based on one of the high level theories of human-computer interaction, and it develops a prototype tool that conforms to the model.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	0574
authors	Alison Murison and James Gray
year	1994
title	Spatial Analysis for Museum Design
source	The Virtual Studio [Proceedings of the 12th European Conference on Education in Computer Aided Architectural Design / ISBN 0-9523687-0-6] Glasgow (Scotland) 7-10 September 1994, pp. 201-206
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1994.201
summary	The paper describes how a specially written customisation of AutoCAD enables students of Architecture to use the method of spatial analysis called Space Syntax developed by Professor Bill Hillier of the Bartlett School of Architecture, London, to examine a number of existing museums, to compare the findings against other criteria, and to draw conclusions about the strategy adopted in museum design. Simple interactive graphics enable plans to be entered and compared, so that they may be evaluated during the design process, with decisions supported by objective tests. This improves both design decisions and the learning process.
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	1262
authors	Alshawi, M.
year	1994
title	A run time exchange of component information between CAD and object models: A standard interface
source	The Int. Journal of Construction IT 2(2), pp. 37-52
summary	Integrated computer aided design could only occur in engineering once CAD systems could represent physical features and components rather than graphical primitives. In most dedicated CAD systems, the knowledge of a complete component exists only for the duration of each drawing command and the data stored in the database is simply a set of graphic primitives. This paper proposes an approach for real time information transfer from and to CAD systems based on a high level object representation of the design drawing. Drawing components are automatically identified and represented in an object hierarchy that reflects the 'part-of' relation between the various components including building spaces. Such hierarchies transfer an industry standard CAD system i.e. AutoCAD, into a high level object oriented system that can communicate with external applications with relative ease.
series	journal paper
last changed	2003/05/15 21:45

_id	e807
authors	Anadol, Z., and Akin, O.
year	1994
title	Determining the impact of cad drafting tools on the building delivery process
source	The Int. Journal of Construction IT 2(1), pp.1-8
summary	Computer aided design is intended to change the way design and construction are carried out. at a minimum, this implies savings realized in terms of time spent and improvement of the quality of designs produced. to test this idea, we hypothesized that computer aided drafting and design operations may be instrumental in reducing the number of change orders issued and help control cost overruns by improving the accuracy of construction documents. we compared change orders in projects designed in the conventional media against ones developed with computers. we found that there is evidence supporting our hypothesis. furthermore, in the process of investigating this question, we found that computer applications to improve the management of existing building information (as-built drawings, building system related information, and the like) represent even more critical needs than those that can reduce change orders through more accurate design drawings.
series	journal paper
last changed	2003/05/15 21:45

_id	241b
authors	Anderson, Lee
year	1994
title	Film Theory and Architectural Design
source	Reconnecting [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-03-9] Washington University (Saint Louis / USA) 1994, pp. 219-227
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1994.219
summary	This paper describes a 10 week, 3rd year architectural design studio, taught by the author, that explored the use of film and video techniques in the design process. The exploration was of (1) the potential of recently available personal computer software and hardware for image and video capture, manipulation and recording, and (2) the potential for application of video, informed by film theory, in the early stages of architectural design.
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	0ecc
authors	Anh, Tran Hoai
year	1994
title	APPLICATION OF FULL-SCALE MODELLING IN VIETNAM: AN OUTLINE FOR DISCUSSION
source	Beyond Tools for Architecture [Proceedings of the 5th European Full-scale Modeling Association Conference / ISBN 90-6754-375-6] Wageningen (The Netherlands) 6-9 September 1994, pp. 59-70
summary	This paper discusses the possibility of applying full-scale modelling in Vietnam, a non-western so called developing country. It deals with two main questions: 1) Is the application of full-scale modelling to be restricted to the West only? 2) what are the possibilities, constraints and fields of application - with attention to the methodological validity and technical solution for full-scale modelling in Vietnam? It is argued that since full-scale modelling is based on people-environment interaction, it should, in principle, apply to studies about people–environment relation anywhere on earth. On the methodological validity, it is discussed that application of full-scale modelling in Vietnam faces similar methodological problems as encountered in European applications (such as people's behaviour in experiment, ability to understand the abstraction of models, etc.) although at another level as this paper will make clear. However, it would be needed to design a modelling kit that is of low costs and adapted to the availability of local materials and suitable for the climatic condition of Vietnam. Two fields of application are projected as most applicable in Vietnam: modelling in architectural education and research investigation. Application for user's participation in the design process will depend on the development of building policy in the country.
keywords	Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
type	normal paper
last changed	2004/05/04 11:00

_id	592b
authors	Apollonio, F., Carini, A., Farina, R., Nuti, F. and Tolomelli, F.
year	1994
title	THE ITALIAN FULL-SCALE MODEL LABORATORY: CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT SOME TOOLS FOR ARCHITECTURAL EXPERIMENTATION
source	Beyond Tools for Architecture [Proceedings of the 5th European Full-scale Modeling Association Conference / ISBN 90-6754-375-6] Wageningen (The Netherlands) 6-9 September 1994, pp. 71-82
summary	The Italian simulation laboratory carries out most of its activity within the experimental programmes promoted by the Ministry of Works. Within this context, we conducted studies based on the topics of EUROPAN competitions for young architects, built models based on EUROREX programme's projects and analyzed experimental projects directly financed by the Ministry (mainly restoration projects).
keywords	Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
type	normal paper
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa
last changed	2004/05/04 11:01

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