Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	architectural_intelligence2024_1
id	architectural_intelligence2024_1
authors	Runmin Zhao, Junjie Liu, Nan Jiang & Sumei Liu
year	2024
title	Wind tunnel and numerical study of outdoor particle dispersion around a low-rise building model
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s44223-023-00045-w
source	Architectural Intelligence Journal
summary	The dispersion of particulate pollutants around buildings raises concerns due to adverse health impacts. Accurate prediction of particle dispersion is important for evaluating health risks in urban areas. However, rigorous validation data using particulate tracers is lacking for numerical models of urban dispersion. Many prior studies rely on gas dispersion data, questioning conclusions due to differences in transport physics. To address this gap, this study utilized a combined experimental and computational approach to generate comprehensive validation data on particulate dispersion. A wind tunnel experiment using particulate tracers measured airflow, turbulence, and particle concentrations around a single building, providing reliable but sparse data. Validated large eddy simulation expanded the data. This combined approach generated much-needed validation data to evaluate numerical particle dispersion models around buildings. Steady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (SRANS) simulations paired with Lagrangian particle tracking (LPT), and drift-flux (DF) models were validated. SRANS had lower accuracy compared to LES for airflow and turbulence. However, in this case, SRANS inaccuracies did not prevent accurate concentration prediction when LPT or a Stokes drift-flux model were used. The algebraic drift-flux model strongly overpredicted the concentration for large micron particles, indicating proper drift modeling was essential.
series	Architectural Intelligence
email
last changed	2025/01/09 15:03

_id	architectural_intelligence2024_5
id	architectural_intelligence2024_5
authors	Mengjuan Hu, Jiading Zhong, Yujie Chu & Jianlin Liu
year	2024
title	Assessment on natural ventilation and pollutant dispersion around sunken squares by transient simulation
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s44223-024-00049-0
source	Architectural Intelligence Journal
summary	Sunken square is a semi-open public space that has been gaining popularity in urban planning and designs. Its semi-open design is beneficial to ventilation of the connected underground spaces, but it is also subject to potential exposure to ground-level traffic pollutants. To evaluate the semi-open design’s influence on the balance between underground ventilation efficiency and the pollutant exposure, this study uses large eddy simulation (LES) to simulate turbulent wind flow characteristics and pollutant dispersion in a typical sunken square. The sunken square is connected to two indoor spaces with single-sided opening, and the design features of staircase and arcade are further tested for their influences on the wind flow field. The air change rate per hour (ACH, h-1) is adopted to quantify the ventilation efficiency of the two connected indoor spaces. Results show that the staircases amplify wind velocities for the indoor spaces but also bring higher pollutant concentrations inside together. Moreover, the design of the arcade at the opening prompts the vortex to shift towards the entrance, leading to a heightened concentration of pollutants. Meanwhile, the effective ACH is mostly contributed by the turbulent diffusion (ACHt), while the mean flow (ACHm) has much less effect on the ventilation of the indoor spaces. These findings of this study provide references for sunken square design.
series	Architectural Intelligence
email
last changed	2025/01/09 15:03

_id	ecaade2015_194
id	ecaade2015_194
authors	Kaushik, Vignesh and Janssen, Patrick
year	2015
title	Urban Windflow:Investigating the use of animation software for simulating windflow around buildings
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2015.1.225
source	Martens, B, Wurzer, G, Grasl T, Lorenz, WE and Schaffranek, R (eds.), Real Time - Proceedings of the 33rd eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria, 16-18 September 2015, pp. 225-234
summary	The animation and visual effects industry is producing advanced software capable of generating realistic behaviours faster than ever by using algorithms that approximate the physics of the real world. There is an opportunity to utilize these software to support performance-based conceptual design for complex simulations such as Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). This paper investigates a method of performing windflow simulation using an animation software that implements an Eulerian based smoke solver. These simulations run orders of magnitude faster than the similar simulations in dedicated high-end CFD applications. The paper compares the animated simulation results to a benchmark case with measured wind-tunnel data. The results indicate that at certain points in the animation, the accuracy is very high. However, the challenge lies in predicting best frame at which to stop the animation. The paper ends with a discussion of how this challenge might be tackled.
wos	WOS:000372317300024
series	eCAADe
email
more	https://mh-engage.ltcc.tuwien.ac.at/engage/ui/watch.html?id=c02da8d0-702d-11e5-ba25-7396141e161c
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ecaaderis2023_5
id	ecaaderis2023_5
authors	Eslamiad, Nasim, De Luca, Francesco, Sepúlveda, Abel and Sakari Lylykangas, Kimmo
year	2023
title	Methodology for Improving Wind Comfort in a Cold Region Through Modular Urban Elements
source	De Luca, F, Lykouras, I and Wurzer, G (eds.), Proceedings of the 9th eCAADe Regional International Symposium, TalTech, 15 - 16 June 2023, pp. 5–14
summary	This paper discusses wind comfort improvement strategies as a crucial microclimatic issue in urban planning. The investigation used pergolas as a wind catcher/breaker element to improve wind comfort at the pedestrian level in Tallinn, Estonia, during extraordinarily windy and cold times of the year. We analyzed the impact of buildings and other surrounding elements on wind flow to design pergolas as windbreakers. Case studies include three urban areas. The wind flow has been simulated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) on the micro-climate scale using ENVI-met. The CFD analysis allowed us to understand urban wind flow phenomena and apply solutions to mitigate distress and guarantee more comfort. According to the CFD results, the urban zones show a high rate of wind speed under different meteorological conditions and, consequently, extreme wind discomfort. The analysis results of 48 scenarios based on different meteorological cases were used to select the most performative retrofit solution and provided insight into windbreak pergolas’ size, layout, and location to provide comfort. Thus, improved geometrical models of case studies were simulated and analyzed. The results showed that the designed pergolas offer high wind comfort at the pedestrian level, especially in open urban areas, and could assist municipalities, city planners, and urban designers in creating more comfortable and sustainable urban environments.
keywords	Sustainable urban environment, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis, wind comfort, wind chill, windbreaker element
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/02/05 14:28

_id	caadria2023_329
id	caadria2023_329
authors	Hao, Xinyuan and Tong, Ziyu
year	2023
title	Identifying the Effect of Wind Condition on Canopy Urban Heat Island: A Case Study in Nanjing
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.2.623
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 623–632
summary	The canopy urban heat island (CUHI) stands for the phenomenon where the air temperature in an urban area is significantly higher than in a suburban area. Identifying CUHIs and their pattern can improve the health and comfort of urban residents. However, previous studies have focused more on surface urban heat island (SUHI) yet lacking a proper quantification tool for canopy heat islands. This study integrates local climate zone (LCZ), urban form classification data, and anthropogenic heat to quantify the canopy temperature, so as to analyze the distribution of CUHIs as well as the relation with wind condition. The case study of Nanjing selects the weather data representing days with different wind directions, uses WRF to simulate local air temperatures and wind speeds and directions, and analyses the influence of wind on CUHI through comparison. The results show that: 1) in the case of Nanjing, wind direction within 50-90° increases CUHI and leads to a continuous rise in air temperature; 2) when the wind direction falls in some specific ranges, the overall CUHI area significantly shrinks. In short, this paper shows how wind condition affects CUHI, which contributes to predicting CUHI and reducing the risk of heat exposure to urban populations, and provides guidance for urban management and design.
keywords	Canopy urban heat island (CUHI), wind condition, weather research and forecasting (WRF), local climate zone (LCZ)
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	ecaade2023_91
id	ecaade2023_91
authors	Rezakhani, Mojgan and Kim, Sung-Ah
year	2023
title	Utilizing Web Applications for Developing Digital Twin: Case study urban tunnel with kinetic roof
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.791
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 2, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 791–800
summary	The integration of web technology within digital twin technology enables the ability to design collaboratively and transmit changes in real time between participating online users. Platforms such as Autodesk Platform Services (APS) - formerly Forge - have made it possible to create and share digital twins, which can be used to monitor, analyze data, and automate design. A gap exists in understanding how movement models combine with coding, particularly within kinetic architecture. In order to fill this gap, we have presented an APS application providing web-based visualization capabilities. This extension allows for the collection of real-time data from sensors located at a tunnel site, which is then sent to the cloud for analysis. This data can be used to manage risk circumstances and track the overall well-being of the kinetic roof tunnel. The methodology used in this study includes prototyping and experimentation using a case study that centers on a 3D model. Our model differs from the APS model’s default system in that it emphasizes the presence of kinetic objects, and was prototyped in a use case, which will be later applied to real case studies. To overcome technical limitations in web-based modeling, editable geometry vertices are essential for flexible parametric changes, and automated data transfer is crucial. This research will contribute to the development of web-based systems for digital twins that include kinetic elements, and that is expected to be useful for professionals in the field of architecture, engineering, and construction, as well as researchers and students in the field of kinetic architecture.
keywords	Digital twin, Autodesk Platform Services (APS), Web, Kinetic
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	ddss9829
id	ddss9829
authors	De Hoog, J., Hendriks, N.A. and Rutten, P.G.S.
year	1998
title	Evaluating Office Buildings with MOLCA(Model for Office Life Cycle Assessment)
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary	MOLCA (Model for Office Life Cycle Assessment) is a project that aims to develop a tool that enables designers and builders to evaluate the environmental impact of their designs (of office buildings) from a environmental point of view. The model used is based on guidelinesgiven by ISO 14000, using the so-called Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. The MOLCA project started in 1997 and will be finished in 2001 resulting in the aforementioned tool. MOLCA is a module within broader research conducted at the Eindhoven University of Technology aiming to reduce design risks to a minimum in the early design stages.Since the MOLCA project started two major case-studies have been carried out. One into the difference in environmental load caused by using concrete and steel roof systems respectively and the role of recycling. The second study focused on biases in LCA data and how to handle them. For the simulations a computer-model named SimaPro was used, using the world-wide accepted method developed by CML (Centre for the Environment, Leiden, the Netherlands). With this model different life-cycle scenarios were studied and evaluated. Based on those two case studies and a third one into an office area, a first model has been developed.Bottle-neck in this field of study is estimating average recycling and re-use percentages of the total flow of material waste in the building sector and collecting reliable process data. Another problem within LCA studies is estimating the reliability of the input data and modelling uncertainties. All these topics will be subject of further analysis.
keywords	Life-Cycle Assessment, Office Buildings, Uncertainties in LCA
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	6d59
authors	Papamichael, K., LaPorta, J. and Chauvet, H.
year	1997
title	Building Design Advisor: automated integration of multiple simulation tools
source	Automation in Construction 6 (4) (1997) pp. 341-352
summary	The Building Design Advisor (BDA) is a software environment that supports the integrated use of multiple analysis and visualization tools throughout the building design process, from the initial, conceptual and schematic phases to the detailed specification of building components and systems. Based on a comprehensive design theory, the BDA uses an object-oriented representation of the building and its context, and acts as a data manager and process controller to allow building designers to benefit from the capabilities of multiple tools.The BDA provides a graphical user interface that consists of two main elements: the Building Browser and the Decision Desktop. The Browser allows building designers to quickly navigate through the multitude of descriptive and performance parameters addressed by the analysis and visualization tools linked to the BDA. Through the Browser the user can edit the values of input parameters and select any number of input and/or output parameters for display in the Decision Desktop. The Desktop allows building designers to compare multiple design alternatives with respect to multiple descriptive and performance parameters addressed by the tools linked to the BDA.The BDA is implemented as a Windows®-based application for personal computers. Its initial version is linked to a Schematic Graphic Editor (SGE), which allows designers to quickly and easily specify the geometric characteristics of building components and systems. For every object created in the SGE, the BDA activates a Default Value Selector (DVS) mechanism that selects `smart' default values from a Prototypes Database for all non-geometric parameters required as input to the analysis and visualization tools linked to the BDA. In addition to the SGE that is an integral part of its user interface, the initial version of the BDA is linked to a daylight analysis tool, an energy analysis tool, and a multimedia, Web-based Case Studies Database (CSD). The next version of the BDA will be linked to additional analysis tools, such as the DOE-2 (thermal, energy and energy cost) and RADIANCE (day/lighting and rendering) computer programs. Plans for the future include the development of links to cost estimating and environmental impact modules, building rating systems, CAD software and electronic product catalogs.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:23

_id	ascaad2014_032
id	ascaad2014_032
authors	Merzougui, Abdelkrim; Abdelmalek Hasseine; Djemoui Laiadi; Sadouk Houda and Jamel Chaouki
year	2014
title	A CFD Analysis of the Urban Morphology Effect on Air Pollutants Dispersion
source	Digital Crafting [7th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2014 / ISBN 978-603-90142-5-6], Jeddah (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia), 31 March - 3 April 2014, pp. 395-403
summary	Air pollution in urban environments can have negative consequences on people's health and comfort of city-dwellers, and on the durability of buildings. Understanding the transfer and deposition of pollutants in the urban environment is therefore essential in the design process of a building. Computational simulations can aid in understanding the pollutant/chemical dispersion in the urban cityscapes. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) represents the study of fluid mechanics with the use of computer models and simulations. In this paper we study the impact of urban planning on pollution dispersion, the dispersion characteristics, such as the spread of the pollution dispersions, have been determined for different wind speeds and wind directions.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2016/02/15 13:09

_id	ijac202018102
id	ijac202018102
authors	Seifert, Nils; Michael Mühlhaus and Frank Petzold
year	2020
title	Urban strategy playground: Rethinking the urban planner’s toolbox
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 18 - no. 1, 20-40
summary	This article presents the results of the Urban Strategy Playground research group. Over the last 5 years, the focus of an interdisciplinary team of researchers was the conception, implementation and evaluation of a decision-support system for inner-city urban and architectural planning. The overall aim of past and ongoing research is to enable planners to validate and compare possible planning measures based on objective criteria. The Urban Strategy Playground software framework is an expandable toolbox that supports planners in developing strategies, evaluating them and visually preparing them for political decision-making processes and public participation. Examples of implemented tools are the simulation and monitoring of building codes, analysis of key density indicators and green space provision, simulation of shading, building energy and noise dispersion. For visualising the planning results, the framework provides interfaces for rapid prototyping of haptic models, as well as web viewers and a connection to Augmented Reality applications. Core aspects of the system were evaluated through case studies in cooperation with urban planning offices, housing companies and municipalities, proving feasibility, high acceptance of the decision-support software, and need for more tailored tools.
keywords	Urban planning, decision support, participation, augmented reality, 3D printing, visual programming, 3D city model
series	journal
email
last changed	2020/11/02 13:34

_id	cef3
authors	Bridges, Alan H.
year	1992
title	Computing and Problem Based Learning at Delft University of Technology Faculty of Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1992.289
source	CAAD Instruction: The New Teaching of an Architect? [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Barcelona (Spain) 12-14 November 1992, pp. 289-294
summary	Delft University of Technology, founded in 1842, is the oldest and largest technical university in the Netherlands. It provides education for more than 13,000 students in fifteen main subject areas. The Faculty of Architecture, Housing, Urban Design and Planning is one of the largest faculties of the DUT with some 2000 students and over 500 staff members. The course of study takes four academic years: a first year (Propaedeuse) and a further three years (Doctoraal) leading to the "ingenieur" qualification. The basic course material is delivered in the first two years and is taken by all students. The third and fourth years consist of a smaller number of compulsory subjects in each of the department's specialist areas together with a wide range of option choices. The five main subject areas the students may choose from for their specialisation are Architecture, Building and Project Management, Building Technology, Urban Design and Planning, and Housing. The curriculum of the Faculty has been radically revised over the last two years and is now based on the concept of "Problem-Based Learning". The subject matter taught is divided thematically into specific issues that are taught in six week blocks. The vehicles for these blocks are specially selected and adapted case studies prepared by teams of staff members. These provide a focus for integrating specialist subjects around a studio based design theme. In the case of second year this studio is largely computer-based: many drawings are produced by computer and several specially written computer applications are used in association with the specialist inputs. This paper describes the "block structure" used in second year, giving examples of the special computer programs used, but also raises a number of broader educational issues. Introduction of the block system arose as a method of curriculum integration in response to difficulties emerging from the independent functioning of strong discipline areas in the traditional work groups. The need for a greater level of selfdirected learning was recognised as opposed to the "passive information model" of student learning in which the students are seen as empty vessels to be filled with knowledge - which they are then usually unable to apply in design related contexts in the studio. Furthermore, the value of electives had been questioned: whilst enabling some diversity of choice, they may also be seen as diverting attention and resources from the real problems of teaching architecture.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2022_522
id	caadria2022_522
authors	Cheng, Sifan, Leung, Carson Ka Shut and van Ameijde, Jeroen
year	2022
title	Evaluating the Accessibility of Amenities toward Walkable Neighourhoods: an Integrated Method for Testing Alternatives in a Generative Urban Design Process
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.1.495
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 495-504
summary	Studies have shown that walkable communities reduce traffic-related pollution and the risk of chronic illnesses, promote economic growth and prosperity, and stimulate community participation and the growth of social capital. To assess the walkability of urban areas, various methodologies have been developed around shortest-distance calculations between various points of interest (POIs), yet their outcomes do not guide potential urban design improvements. The absence of appropriate measurements and procedures that may give quantitative and actionable feedback to support design decision-making is one of the primary issues in building walkable neighborhoods. The work presented in this paper revolves around a new workflow, that employed Urbano, a mobility simulation and assessment tool, and integrated it within a generative design process to allowing for the quantitative evaluation on amenity accessibility for several alternative design scenarios for a case study site in Mong Kok, Hong Kong. The results show how this data-driven urban design process benefits from generative techniques to produce solutions with improved contextual connectivity, energy-efficient urban form, and good quality public spaces that contribute to the walkability of neighbourhoods.
keywords	Generative Urban Design, Walkability, Urbano, SDG 3, SDG 11
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	ecaade2010_090
id	ecaade2010_090
authors	Ladouce, Nicolas; Hee, Limin; Janssen, Patrick T.
year	2010
title	Urban Space Planning for Sustainable High Density Environment
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2010.777
source	FUTURE CITIES [28th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-9-6] ETH Zurich (Switzerland) 15-18 September 2010, pp.777-785
summary	In this paper we investigate the possibilities of new typologies of urban public space for high density environments. The premise for the project would be that with new high-density typologies, it would be necessary to consider a difference in the nature of urban public spaces rather than a difference in degree from the status quo. From observations of urban patterns that drive collective, hybrid spaces around Asia, relationships between urban attributes are drawn. For this paper we shall focus on the particular case of Linked Hybrid, Beijing, China, as an elevated urban public space. A literature review focuses on reviewing key theories to construct and adopt a rating system to develop an empirical framework to evaluate the case studies and extract the key attributes. These rated attributes are then abstracted in a real-time model that enables user manipulation. The purpose is to create a tool to better observe the effects and evolution of planning decisions for future urban spaces in high density contexts. The preliminary results are consistent with the idea that selected spatial parameters of a space may be embedded into a “barcode” and referenced as a type. The combination of different types, hence their parameters may be used for effective replication of their characteristics to improve the decision-making process for urban designers. The research is not intended to reproduce the successful urban public spaces but rather result in a catalogue of typologies which can be referred to during the initial stages of planning to provide an indication of spatial qualities.
wos	WOS:000340629400083
keywords	High density environments; Collective urban space; Hybrid typologies; Parametric urbanism
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	caadria2016_219
id	caadria2016_219
authors	Latifi, Mehrnoush; Daniel Prohasky, Jane Burry, Rafael Moya, Jesse Mccarty and Simon Watkins
year	2016
title	Breathing skins for wind modulation through morphology
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2016.219
source	Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016) / Melbourne 30 March–2 April 2016, pp. 219-228
summary	This study aims to investigate the design power to manipu- late the behaviour and characteristics of air through geometrical ma- nipulation of building skins. The simple cubic cells in the global sys- tem of a porous screen were manipulated to investigate the impacts of screen’s morphology on the air movement pattern within and around it. The results we discovered from the evaluation of several screen systems revealed trends in response to the careful manipulation of ef- fective shape parameters within a designed matrix of variations as a Matrix of Possible Effective Typologies (MPET). In this research, the main principles of framing the initial matrix were based on: a) Creat- ing pressure differences across the screens as a result of surface intru- sion and extrusion compositions. b) Changing the nature of the airflow (velocity and turbulence variation) with geometrical manipulations of the inlet and outlet of the screens’ components. Experimental and nu- merical studies were undertaken in parallel including the use of a wind tunnel with very smooth flow with precision wind sensors and the numerical studies by Computational Fluid Dynamics. The aim of this paper is to present part of the empirical investigations to demonstrate the power of geometry in shaping the air patterns, altering pressure and velocity through geometrical modification of porous surfaces for future applications.
keywords	Porous screens; microturbulance; facade component; microclimate; parametric CFD
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ecaade2022_188
id	ecaade2022_188
authors	Lebossé, Maxence, Halin, Gilles, Besancon, Franck and Fuchs, Alain
year	2022
title	Incorporating BIM Practices into Reuse Process of Timber - Propositions of a digital workflow and tool for reclaiming structural pieces of wood
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.1.205
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 1, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 205–214
summary	In the framework of a doctoral thesis, we investigate with a digital approach, methods, practices and tools that could support the reuse process of materials, specifically timber resources. We have structured this paper around the study of a digital workflow and tool. More than supplying the thesis working tools, their role is to achieve on-site assessment of wooden structural elements, to reintegrate them into new constructions projects as new timber products from the market. The context of our research is French AEC (Architecture, Engineering and Construction) sector, where we lead interviews and take part in construction projects (case studies). However, we lean as well on the literature review of materials reuse and timber assessment.
keywords	Reuse, Deconstruction Assessment, BIM, Digital Tools and Workflow, Reclaimed Timber, Circular Economy of Wood
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	acadia20_178
id	acadia20_178
authors	Meeran, Ahmed; Conrad Joyce, Sam
year	2020
title	Machine Learning for Comparative Urban Planning at Scale: An Aviation Case Study
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2020.1.178
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume I: Technical Papers [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95213-0]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by B. Slocum, V. Ago, S. Doyle, A. Marcus, M. Yablonina, and M. del Campo. 178-187.
summary	Aviation is in flux, experiencing 5.4% yearly growth over the last two decades. However, with COVID-19 aviation was hard hit. This, along with its contribution to global warming, has led to louder calls to limit its use. This situation emphasizes how urban planners and technologists could contribute to understanding and responding to this change. This paper explores a novel workflow of performing image-based machine learning (ML) on satellite images of over 1,000 world airports that were algorithmically collated using European Space Agency Sentinel2 API. From these, the top 350 United States airports were analyzed with land use parameters extracted around the airport using computer vision, which were mapped against their passenger footfall numbers. The results demonstrate a scalable approach to identify how easy and beneficial it would be for certain airports to expand or contract and how this would impact the surrounding urban environment in terms of pollution and congestion. The generic nature of this workflow makes it possible to potentially extend this method to any large infrastructure and compare and analyze specific features across a large number of images while being able to understand the same feature through time. This is critical in answering key typology-based urban design challenges at a higher level and without needing to perform on-ground studies, which could be expensive and time-consuming.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	acadia12_87
id	acadia12_87
authors	Menicovich, David ; Gallardo, Daniele ; Bevilaqua, Riccardo ; Vollen, Jason
year	2012
title	Generation and Integration of an Aerodynamic Performance Data Base Within the Concept Design Phase of Tall Buildings
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2012.087
source	ACADIA 12: Synthetic Digital Ecologies [Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-62407-267-3] San Francisco 18-21 October, 2012), pp. 87-96
summary	Despite the fact that tall buildings are the most wind affected architectural typology, testing for aerodynamic performance is conducted during the later design phases well after the overall geometry has been developed. In this context, aerodynamic performance studies are limited to evaluating an existing design rather than a systematic performance study of design options driving form generation. Beyond constrains of time and cost of wind tunnel testing, which is still more reliable than Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations for wind conditions around buildings, aerodynamic performance criteria lack an immediate interface with parametric design tools. This study details a framework for empirical data collection through wind tunnel testing of building mechatronic models and the expansion of the collected dataset by determining a mathematical interpolating model using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm developing an Aerodynamic Performance Data Base (APDB). Frederick Keisler called the interacting of forces CO-REALITY, which he defined as The Science of Relationships. In the same article Keisler proclaims that the Form Follows Function is an outmoded understanding that design must demonstrate continuous variability in response to interactions of competing forces. This topographic space is both constant and fleeting where form is developed through the broadcasting of conflict and divergence as a system seeks balance and where one state of matter is passing by another; a decidedly fluid system. However, in spite of the fact that most of our environment consists of fluids or fluid reactions, instantaneous and geologic, natural and engineered, we have restricted ourselves to approaching the design of buildings and their interactions with the environment through solids, their properties and geometry; flow is considered well after the concept design stage and as validation of form. The research described herein explores alternative relations between the object and the flows around it as an iterative process, moving away from the traditional approach of Form Follows Function to Form Follows Flow.
keywords	Tall Buildings , Mechatronics , Artificial Neural Network , Aerodynamic Performance Data Base
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ecaade2013_169
id	ecaade2013_169
authors	Moya, Rafael; Salim, Flora; Williams, Mani and Sharaidin, Kamil
year	2013
title	Flexing Wind
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2013.2.069
source	Stouffs, Rudi and Sariyildiz, Sevil (eds.), Computation and Performance – Proceedings of the 31st eCAADe Conference – Volume 2, Faculty of Architecture, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands, 18-20 September 2013, pp. 69-78
summary	The aims of the Flexing Wind project, investigated in an intensive cross-disciplinary course, were twofold. First was to learn about aerodynamic phenomena around buildings. Second was to explore ways to observe, measure, and control the negative effects of wind around specific pedestrian areas, tram stops, and public sites in Melbourne City. Using tools such as a weather station to collect data and CFD software to simulate aerodynamic phenomena students could study the wind conditions in one of the windiest areas in the Melbourne downtown. Various do-it-yourself tools such as mini wind tunnels, handheld probes and sensors were used to evaluate the performance of potential design options, which lead to prototyping full scale adaptive architectural windbreaks.
wos	WOS:000340643600006
keywords	Urban aerodynamics; windbreak; wind tunnel simulation; Computational Fluid Dynamics; architectural prototype.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	caadria2013_118
id	caadria2013_118
authors	Roupé, Mattias and Mathias Gustafsson
year	2013
title	Judgment and Decision-Making Aspects on the Use of Virtual Reality in Volume Studies
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2013.437
source	Open Systems: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2013) / Singapore 15-18 May 2013, pp. 437-446
summary	The most common reason for using Virtual Reality (VR) as a communication medium in urban planning and building design is to provide decision makers with access to a shared virtual space, which can facilitate communication and collaboration in order to make better decisions. However, there is a risk that judgmental biases arise within the virtual space. The displaying of the VR-models and itscontent could be one way of changing the settings for the visual access to the virtual space and could thus influence the outcome of the decision making process. For that reason it is important to have knowledge of how different settings in and around the VR-medium influence the experience of the shared visual space that the VR-medium strives to achieve. In this case the decision-making process, perceptions of space, and the cognition process of decoding of information in the visual space are important. This paper investigates how reference points influence judgments of a volume study of a building and furthermore what visual cues that are used for spatial reasoning about volumes. The results show that the initial visual information has a profound impact on the decision, even when this information lacks in validity.
wos	WOS:000351496100043
keywords	Virtual reality, Spatial perception, Judgment, Volume study, Urban planning
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ascaad2007_009
id	ascaad2007_009
authors	Ryan, R. and M. Donn
year	2007
title	3 dimensional, digital, interactive, multilayered information models for enhancing decision making by two end-user groups within the Urban Planning industry: A Case Study to quantify the benefit or otherwise over alternative 2 dimensional systems
source	Em‘body’ing Virtual Architecture: The Third International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2007), 28-30 November 2007, Alexandria, Egypt, pp. 95-110
summary	This research investigates the potential of 3 dimensional (3D), digital, interactive, multilayered information models, to enhance users’ understanding of sets of geographic and building information, allowing them to make quicker and more informed decisions, than when using alternative 2D methods. The research aims to quantify the benefit or otherwise of 3D methods of information interrogation over 2D methods by developing a test based around the decision making of two widely disparate user-groups within the Urban Planning industry. The underlying purpose of the research is to examine the human ability to interact with and understand datasets of information which are represented in the digital world. This paper specifically focuses on the methodology by which a robust test is developed to be carried out, thus proving or disproving the advantages of 3D display of information when compared to 2D. The ability to apply this same test to additional case studies in the future is a major consideration in the research design. There is a specific focus on integrating and testing a range of research instruments to best establish “language” of the industry and user groups within it, before conducting the major case study. The final research approach adopted is develop and present functional prototype models in a focus group scenario, involving hands-on interactive comparable 2D and 3D tasks, individual feedback surveys and group discussions.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2008/01/21 22:00

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