CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id 0fc8
authors Boutros, N., Sehad, T. and Constans, A.
year 1998
title Aujourd'hui, entre l'agence et l'école, quelle utilisation des nouvelles technologies de l'information - Histoire d'une méthode
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1998.009
source Computerised Craftsmanship [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Paris (France) 24-26 September 1998, pp. 9-15
summary Nous proposons notre future méthodologie pédagogique de l'informatique fondée sur l'expérimentation d'un séminaire de 3ème cycle, aboutissement d'un enseignement qui commence dès la première année d'étude. Cette excursion comme dans un circuit organisé vous emmènera d'une agence d'architectes, aux cours d'informatique graphique de l'école d'architecture. Il y aura ensuite une pause « recherche » sur la méthodologie d'enseignement en exploitant de nombreux outils des nouvelles technologies de l'information - des expérimentations diverses ont eu lieu avec des équipes de recherche de la faculté polytechnique de Turin (Italie) et du centre d'études archéologiques d'Alexandrie (Egypte) - pour enfin arriver à notre destination, l'accès à l'information pour développer un projet architectural, une méthode pour une nouvelle génération.
series eCAADe
email
more http://www.paris-valdemarne.archi.fr/archive/ecaade98/html/41boutros/index.htm
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id 0446
authors Fasse, Isabelle
year 1998
title La modélisation de projets architecturaux comme support d'analyse d'oeuvres architecturale
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1998.072
source Computerised Craftsmanship [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Paris (France) 24-26 September 1998, pp. 72-77
summary A l'heure où l'ordinateur n'est pas seulement utilisé comme instrument de dessin mais de plus en plus mis à contribution comme outil d'aide à la conception, l'approche de l'informatique en Ecole d'Architecture demande une pédagogie adaptée aux disciplines enseignées qui va au delà de l'apprentissage de l'utilisation du matériel et des logiciels. Le travail demandé en 4ème année aux étudiants de l'école d'architecture de Marseille Luminy repose sur l'analyse d'un projet architectural pris dans l'oeuvre d'un architecte de leur choix. Cette analyse doit amener les étudiants à proposer une méthode de travail basée sur les outils informatiques mis à leur disposition qui les aide par la saisie et la représentation informatique du projet, à formuler et évaluer les hypothèses de conception qui ont menées à la réalisation du projet étudié. Cette approche basée sur l'analyse du projet ouvre la perspective de l'utilisation de l'outil informatique dans les étapes de l'analyse, de la conception et de la communication d'un projet.
series eCAADe
more http://www.paris-valdemarne.archi.fr/archive/ecaade98/html/12fasse/index.htm
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

_id 4ae8
authors Kokosalakis, Jen, Hohmann, L.M. and Pamplin, I.
year 1999
title Benefits of Data Integration in Building Modelling: 3D Object Oriented Professional Collaboration
source AVOCAAD Second International Conference [AVOCAAD Conference Proceedings / ISBN 90-76101-02-07] Brussels (Belgium) 8-10 April 1999, pp. 103-130
summary This paper will review current progress across the building construction industry in meeting demands for use of data integration with the 3D building model as the coordinating device in building design and development. Decades of national initiatives from NEDO (1990) to Egan (1998) have striven to encourage collaboration in first the building design team and later targetting in programmas the means to accomplish this. In its 14th year 'The User Group' has intensified efforts to persuade the industry of the benefits of associating all data involved from the first briefing and conception of design needs and ideas, through the development of the design, testing for structures, costs, heating, lighting, urban and rural environmental impact, facilities management, adaptation and even the eventual controlled demolition of the building. Examples in this paper will be reported from 'The User Group' conference, "Profit from Data Integration: An industry update", (NEC, Birmingham, Nov. 1998), to indicate how various organisations are now profiting from data integration in 3D object orientated modelling.
series AVOCAAD
email
last changed 2005/09/09 10:48

_id 2ca1
authors Montagu, A. and Bermudez, J.
year 1998
title Datarq: The Development of a Website of Modern Contemporary Architecture
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1998.x.p7a
source Computerised Craftsmanship [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Paris (France) 24-26 September 1998
summary The pedagogic approach in the architectural field is suffering a deep change taking in consideration the impact that has been produced mainly by the CAD and multimedia procedures. An additional view to be taken in consideration is the challenge produced by the influence of advanced IT which since 1990-92, has affected positively the exchange of information among people of the academic environment. Several studies confirm this hypothesis, from the wide cultural spectrum when the digitalization process was emerging as an alternative way to data processing (Bateson 1976) to the pedagogical-computational side analyzed by (Papert 1996). One of the main characteristics indicated by S. Papert (op.cit) is the idea of "self teaching" which students are used everywhere due to the constant augment of "friendly" software and the decreasing costs of hardware. Another consequences to point out by S. Paper (op.cit) is that will be more probably that students at home will have more actualized equipment that most of the computer lab. of schools in general. Therefore, the main hypothesis of this paper is, "if we are able to combine usual tutorials design methods with the concept of "self-teaching" regarding the paradigmatic architectural models that are used in practically all the schools of architecture (Le Corbusier, F.L.Wright, M.v. der Rohe, M.Botta, T.Ando, etc.) using a Web site available to everybody, what we are doing is expanding the existing knowledge in the libraries and fulfill the future requirements of the newly generations of students".
series eCAADe
email
more http://www.paris-valdemarne.archi.fr/archive/ecaade98/html/35montagu/index.htm
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id 4a20
authors Porada, Sabine
year 1998
title Laboratoir de l'imaginaire
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1998.185
source Computerised Craftsmanship [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Paris (France) 24-26 September 1998, pp. 185-195
summary L'histoire montre la possibilité des deux voies de développement de l'homme : l'une naturelle, se basant sur les techniques de perfectionnement des sens et de l'esprit, et l'autre artificielle, qui s'appuie sur la fabrication des prothèses technologiques. Mais il semble que la société moderne ait déjà omis pour toujours la première voie : au réseau télépathique, nous avons privilégié le réseau télématique. Il est difficile d'évaluer les conséquences sociales et psychologiques d'un tel choix. Néanmoins, la prudence nous oblige à garder notre autonomie de la technologie. Alors, il faut la maîtriser au fond, et surtout former la génération future de façon non seulement pratique mais aussi philosophique et critique par rapport à elle. Seule l'imagination peut surpasser les prouesses technologiques. Comme le dit Umberto Ecco «même à défaut de génie, l?imagination est toujours créatrice .
series eCAADe
more http://www.paris-valdemarne.archi.fr/archive/ecaade98/html/03porada/index.htm
last changed 2022/06/07 08:00

_id e1cb
authors Reddy, M., Leclerc, Y.G., Iverson, L., Bletter, N. and Vidimce, K.
year 1998
title Modeling the Digital Earth in VRML
source Technical Note no. 559, SRI International, Menlo Park
summary This paper describes the representation and navigation of large, multi-resolution, georeferenced datasets in VRML97. This requires resolving nontrivial issues such as how to represent deep level of detail hierarchies efficiently in VRML; how to model terrain using geographic coordinate systems instead of only VRML's Cartesian representation; how to model georeferenced coordinates to sub-meter accuracy with only single-precision floating point support; how to enable the integration of multiple terrain datasets for a region, as well as cultural features such as buildings and roads; how to navigate efficiently around a large, global terrain dataset; and finally, how to encode metadata describing the terrain. We present solutions to all of these problems. Consequently, we are able to visualize geographic data in the order of terabytes or more, from the globe down to millimeter resolution, and in real-time, using standard VRML97.
series report
last changed 2003/04/23 15:50

_id ae5c
authors Redondo, Ernest and Sanchez, F. Xavier
year 1998
title Apprendre des machines
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1998.208
source Computerised Craftsmanship [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Paris (France) 24-26 September 1998, pp. 208-217
summary Nous qui devons enseigner à nos élèves les techniques du dessin traditionnel avons trop souvent recours à des recettes et normes mnémotechniques venues des ateliers et studios d'art traditionnels. De telles stratégies, souvent personnelles et intransférables, s'appuyant sur de longues heures de pratique, sont difficilement assimilables pour des élèves qui ne disposent pas de tant de temps pour s'entraîner, ni d'une telle expérience perceptive; dans le meilleur des cas, il en résulte un dessin stéréotypé ou, s'il est brillant, c'est que l'élève savait déjà dessiner. Comme nous considérons que le dessin traditionnel et le CAD sont les deux outils fondamentaux qui permettent à tout architecte d'exprimer ses idées, il nous a semblé opportun de chercher les points communs entre ces deux disciplines. Dans un discours illustré de dessins d'auteurs divers, nous essaierons de démontrer comment, si nous utilisons exactement les mêmes critères que ceux qui régissent un ordinateur dans l'interprétation de ce qu'il voit, le résultat de la représentation est pleinement expressif et efficace. Si nous sommes capables de rationaliser cette méthodologie et de la transmettre à nos élèves, nous aurons répondu à notre double objectif: leur enseigner à dessiner par des techniques traditionnelles, dûment rationalisées et comprendre un peu mieux le fonctionnement des ordinateurs.
series eCAADe
more http://www.paris-valdemarne.archi.fr/archive/ecaade98/html/07redondo/index.htm
last changed 2022/06/07 08:00

_id 9159
authors Simoff, S. and Maher, M.L.
year 1998
title Ontology-based multimedia data mining for design information retrieval
source Proceedings of ACSE Computing Congress, Cambridge
summary Design information systems serve different purposes during different phases of the design process. During the early conceptual design stage the information they define the required function and the constraints, and sketches indicate the alternatives considered. Once a partial design is developed, they provide information for its further elaboration. During later stages designers need information about the physical components for the detailing the design solution. If the final design is used and constructed, there is also a need to collect and file related information for later recall.
series other
last changed 2003/04/23 15:50

_id 30
authors Vizcaino, M.S., Leal, M., Maria, L., Persia, M. and Tamagnini, A.
year 1998
title Base de Datos Bodega (Data Base Warehouse)
source II Seminario Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-97190-0-X] Mar del Plata (Argentina) 9-11 september 1998, pp. 232-237
summary The architectural objects and their site are an indivisible part of the concrete culture of a place.in order to achieve the protection of the Cultural Property, the indispensable previous step is the fulfilment of an inventory. If a good inventory is not available, serious tasks of public awareness could not be carried out, nor could be adopted policies or specific safeguard projects. Besides, neither criteria nor protective measurements in the plans of urban or regional development could be incorporated. Finally, we could not discuss with the sufficient scientific support. San Juan has climatic features typical of and regions with high seismic risk, scarce hydric resources, landscape diversity and singular vegetation. This favoured the cultivation of vineyards as well as the construction of important industrial buildings. In this sense, the Architecture of the Vine Production and Wine - making gave rise to establishments (buildings and sites), whose architectural characteristics, in a holistic consideration, are part of the Provincial Architectural Patrimony. A relational database structured by fields related to different levels of information was designed so as to fulfil this inventory. The data processing application used enables to search and ask for information by means of an easy access interface with the following possibilities :expansion, versatility in the design of visualization-printing plugs and readiness to migrate to other formats.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 10:02

_id b405
authors Chiu, M.-L., Lin, Y.-M., Lee, C.-H. and Tsai, P.-H.
year 2001
title Teaching rapid prototyping in cad studios for creative design
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2001.307
source CAADRIA 2001 [Proceedings of the Sixth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 1-86487-096-6] Sydney 19-21 April 2001, pp. 307-310
summary This paper is intended to study the characteristics of digital tools and applying the rapid prototyping (RP) technology to the architectural design studio. The examples and experience of using RP are presented.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

_id 36ab
authors Chiu, M.-L., Lin, Y.-T., Tseng, K.-W. and Chen, C.-H.
year 2000
title Museum of Interface. Designing the Virtual Environment
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2000.471
source CAADRIA 2000 [Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 981-04-2491-4] Singapore 18-19 May 2000, pp. 471-480
summary A virtual environment (VE) has been designed for functioning as a three-dimensional interface to a repository of images and sounds. This paper attempts to study design interface in VEs. This study first examines the characteristics of VEs. The difference between physical and virtual environments is also studied. The relationship between both is classified as three types, i.e. complement, replacement, or independence. Then it establishes the design interface in VEs, and presents an experimental project, the virtual architecture museum (VAM). Four elements of VEs are highlighted, i.e. wayfinding, linkage, context, and atmosphere. In VAM, the interface is implemented on the web and is integrated with an architectural database. It is found that the appropriateness of design interface can enhance the users' spatial awareness, and consequently facilitate the task of navigation and wayfinding within VEs. The context and atmosphere of VEs can be defined by means of simile or metaphor through the visual or acoustic experience for gaining senses of a place.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

_id cf_2003_000
id cf_2003_000
authors Chiu, M.-L., Tsou, J.-Y., Kvan, Th., Morozumi, M. and Jeng, T.-S. (Eds.)
year 2003
title Digital Design - Research and Practice
source Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 1-4020-1210-1 / Tainan (Taiwan) 13–15 October 2003, 464 p.
summary The use of computers in the design of the built environment has reached a watershed. From peripheral devices in the design process, they have in recent years come to take centre stage. An illustration is immediately at hand. Just as the entries to the competition for the Chicago Tribune Tower in 1922 defined the state-of-the-art at the beginning of the twentieth century, we have a similar marker at the end of the century, the competition in 2002 to replace the World Trade Centre towers in Lower Manhattan offered us a range of architectural solutions that exemplified the state-of-the-art eighty years later, setting forth not only architectural statements but also illustrating clearly the importance of computers in the design of the built environment. In these entries of 2002, we can see that computers have not only become essential to the communication of design but in the investigation and generation of structure, form and composition. The papers in this book are the current state-of-the-art in computer-aided design as it stands in 2003. It is the tenth in a series sponsored by the CAAD Futures Foundation, compiled from papers presented at the biennial CAAD Futures Conferences. As a series, the publications have charted the steady progress in developing the theoretical and practical foundations for applications in design practice. This volume continues in that tradition; thus, this book is entitled Digital Design: Research and Practice. The papers are grouped into three major categories, reflecting thrusts of research and practice, namely: Data and information: its organisation, handling and access, including agents; Virtual worlds: their creation, application and interfaces; and Analysis and creation of form and fabric. The editors received 121 abstracts after the initial call for contributions. From these, 61 abstracts were selected for development into complete papers for further review. From these submissions, 39 papers were chosen for inclusion in this publication. These papers show that the field has evolved from theoretical and development concerns to questions of practice in the decade during which this conference has showcased leading work. Questions of theoretical nature remain as the boundaries of our field expand. As design projects have grasped the potentials of computer-aided design, so have they challenged the capabilities of the tools. Papers here address questions in geometric representation and manipulation (Chiu and Chiu; Kocaturk, Veltkamp and Tuncer), topics that may have been considered to be solved. As design practice becomes increasingly knowledge based, better ways of managing, manipulating and accessing the complex wealth of design information becomes more pressing, demanding continuing research in issues such as modelling (Yang; Wang; Zreik et al), data retrieval and querying (Hwang and Choi; Stouffs and Cumming; Zreik, Stouffs, Tuncer, Ozsariyildiz and Beheshti), new modes of perceiving data (Segers; Tan). Tools are needed to manage, mine and create information for creative work, such as agents (Liew and Gero; Smith; Caneparo and Robiglio; Ding et al) or to support design processes (Smith; Chase). Systems for the support and development of designs continue (Gero; Achten and Jessurun). As progress is made on some fronts, such as user interfaces, attention is again turned to previously research areas such as lighting (Jung, Gross and Do; Ng et al; Wittkopf; Chevier; Glaser, Do and Tai) or services (Garcia; Chen and Lin). In recent years the growth of connectivity has led to a rapid growth in collaborative experience and understanding of the opportunities and issues continues to mature (Jabi; Dave; Zamenopoulos and Alexiou). Increasing interest is given to implications in practice and education (Dave; Oxman; Caneparo, Grassi and Giretti). Topics new to this conference are in the area of design to production or manufacture (Fischer, Burry and Frazer; Shih). Three additional invited papers (Rekimoto; Liu; Kalay) provide clear indication that there is still room to develop new spatial concepts and computer augmented environments for design. In conclusion, we note that these papers represent a good record of the current state of the evolving research in the field of digital design.
series CAAD Futures
email
more http://www.caadfutures.arch.tue.nl/
last changed 2003/09/22 12:21

_id aa48
authors Chiu, M.-L., Yamaguchi, S. and Morozumi, M.
year 2001
title Supporting collaborative design studios ñ scenarios and tools
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2001.125
source CAADRIA 2001 [Proceedings of the Sixth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 1-86487-096-6] Sydney 19-21 April 2001, pp. 125-134
summary Design collaboration requires formal organization as well as technologies in supporting design communication and process. This paper documents the experience of a collaborative design studio held among three institutions. It briefly describes the scenarios and tools applied in the CDS, and the resulting design process.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

_id ecaade03_583_31_chiu
id ecaade03_583_31_chiu
authors Chiu, M.L., Liao, C.J., Wu, R.L. , Peng, J.C. and Huang, C.C.
year 2003
title Educating Digital Designers: A Process-Oriented Approach
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.583
source Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 583-586
summary The new digital technologies clearly influence what we do in practice and teach in design studios. The study adopts a process-oriented approach to initiate digital design in the graduate design studio. It is found that the skills to develop the design process for integrating digital tools and information are critical for designers. The educational pedagogy, operation studies and discussion are presented.
keywords Digital design, design education, design process, information management
series eCAADe
email
more http://www.arch.ncku.edu.tw/
last changed 2022/06/07 07:56

_id 09a8
authors Chiu, M.L., Lin, C.J., Jeng, T.S. and Lee, C.H.
year 2002
title Re-Searching The Research Problems with CAAD: Datamining in i-CAADRIA
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2002.031
source CAADRIA 2002 [Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 983-2473-42-X] Cyberjaya (Malaysia) 18–20 April 2002, pp. 031-38
summary This study attempts to develop an online CAAD research archive of conference papers, i-CAADRIA, and apply data mining techniques to find research patterns. Research papers are clustered for building semantic relationship. The system and early feedbacks are presented. This study suggests that smart web query and user interface can enhance our understanding of the research patterns.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

_id 508b
authors Chiu, Mao-Lin
year 1997
title Representations and Communication channels in collaborative architectural design
source Mary L. M., John S. G., Fay S., editor, Formal Aspects of Collaborative CAD, IFIP97, Australia, Februrary, 1997, pp. 77-96
summary Collaborative design requires participation of individuals and coordination of design information and tasks. This paper focuses on the representations and communication channels in collaboration design. On the basis of a design communication model and findings of four collaborative design case studies, the phenomena of design communication are presented. The study also examines when the conditions of collaboration are achieved and what kinds of interfaces in computer-mediated collaborative work are needed, and propose a theme-oriented interface for computer-mediated collaborative design.
series other
email
last changed 2003/04/23 15:14

_id de77
authors Ahmad Rafi, M.E.
year 1998
title Computer animation for architectural visualisation
source University of Strathclyde
summary This thesis critically reviews the state of architectural animation, and relates this specific field to the more general motion-based representations, particularly traditional film-making techniques. It identifies key elements from traditional filmmaking and shows how these elements can improve computer-based architectural animation. The process of identification of the key elements from traditional film-making starts with a critical survey of the use of motion-based representation in local architectural practices and an empirical analysis of several architectural-based documentary films and past and present computer animations. All of the key ideas are illustrated on video by comparing real shooting clips to digital sequences focusing on production and post-production works. Some of these were implemented in two live projects ( Ministry of Finance, Malaysia and Damansara Parade ) for architects to understand the real problems and potentials in each process. These sets of illustrations expand the architect ideas to make full use of the motion-based process to improve the skill of combining architectural information in a good animation. The overall production process becomes more efficient when the motion-based footage is edited using a non-linear editing platform as it enhances the professional appearance as well as vastly saving most of the production time. The thesis concludes with specific recommendations relative to the stage at which the animation is produced. This technology can be best utilised with the right skills (a gained from film-making) and an understanding of each stage that requires a different level of input and gives a certain impact to the viewers.
series thesis:PhD
email
last changed 2003/11/21 15:15

_id ddss9802
id ddss9802
authors Akin, O., Aygen, Z., Cumming, M., Donia, M., Sen, R. and Zhang, Y.
year 1998
title Computational Specification of Building Requirements in theEarly Stages of Design
source Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary We have been exploring computational techniques to help building designers to specify design requirements during the early stages of design. In the past, little has been accomplished in this area either in terms of innovative computational technologies or the improvement of design performance.The prospect of improving design productivity and creating a seamless process between requirements specification and formal design are our primary motivations. This research has been conducted as partof a larger project entitled SEED (Software Environment to Support Early Phases in Building Design). SEED features an open-ended modular architecture, where each module provides support for a design activity that takes place in early design stages. Each module is supported by a database to store and retrieve information, as well as a user interface to support the interaction with designers. The module described in this paper, SEED-Pro (the architectural programming module of SEED), is a workingprototype for building design requirements specification. It can be used by other modules in SEED or by design systems in other domains, such as mechanical engineering, civil engineering, industrial designand electrical engineering. Our approach to SEED-Pro is divided into two phases: core, and support functionalities. The core functionalities operate in an interactive mode relying on a case-based approach to retrieve and adapt complex specification records to the problem at hand. The supportfunctionalities include the case-base, the data-base, and the standards processing environment for building specification tasks. Our findings indicate that SEED-Pro: (1) is a tool that structures the unstructured domain of design requirements; (2) enables the integration of design requirements with the rest of the design process, (3) leads to the creation of complex case-bases and (4) enables the observation of their performance in the context of real world design problems.
series DDSS
last changed 2003/11/21 15:15

_id ga9815
id ga9815
authors Annunziato, M.
year 1998
title The Nagual Experiment
source International Conference on Generative Art
summary This paper refers to an experiment about the use of artificial life structures in order to simulate/evocate natural or artificial patterns. These patterns are the effect of the self-organisation of a population of individuals during their process of development and growth. Although the local dynamics and interactions have a chaotic (partially random) behaviour, the global dynamics of the population produces interesting and well structured patterns. The graphic images generated with these procedures show a wide variety of structures in terms of life (growth) simulations and graphic geometries.
series other
email
more http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed 2003/08/07 17:25

_id c373
authors Baldwin, A.N., Austin, S.A., Hassan, T.M. and Thorpe, A.
year 1998
title Planning building design by simulating information flow
source Automation in Construction 8 (2) (1998) pp. 149-163
summary Successful project management requires the effective control of the design teams and the exchange of information between them for successful design management. This paper describes a methodology involving discrete event simulation that can help the planning and control of building design. Discipline-based information flow models of the building design process are used to define the activities of the simulation model, concentrating on the concept and schematic design stages. Factors such as task durations and resources are then allocated along with any specific constraints that are to be evaluated. The model predicts the outcomes of the specific scenario of information related events, including design schedules and resource histograms. The paper describes the development and validation of the simulation model and discusses its potential application during the planning and design phases of building projects. It is concluded that this approach could form the basis of a useful tool for design managers responsible for multidisciplinary building design work.
series journal paper
more http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed 2003/05/15 21:22

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