Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	0c59
authors	Redondo, Ernest and Monedero, Javier
year	1992
title	Electronic Collage
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1992.241
source	CAAD Instruction: The New Teaching of an Architect? [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Barcelona (Spain) 12-14 November 1992, pp. 241-250
summary	A painting is always a potential form of collage. The discovery made by Braque and Picasso was already implied in the carefully-done executions of tapestries backgrounds and mural decorating of all the italian and flemish paintings which started to be produced since Giotto's, where the represented and the presented were mixed up. And also, in a more pedantic way, in a famous painting of Courbet "L'Atelier du Peintre, allegorie reelle" (1885). In this work, the artist is shown sitting in front of his work, grasping a brush with his right hand while holding a palette, which is at the centre of the composition, in his left hand. There are some figures surrounding the master, some nearer, others further away; in the corners of the atelier one can still see silhouettes which we don't really know whether they belong to real characters or to painted ones on the master's canvases. This ambiguity brings us back to the foreground, to this central palette where the colours, distributed in heaps are, simultaneously, concretion and representation, real matter and figurative matter.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	3888
authors	Reffat, Rabee M.
year	2000
title	Computational Situated Learning in Designing - Application to Architectural Shape Semantics
source	The University of Sydney, Faculty of Architecture
summary	Learning the situatedness (applicability conditions), of design knowledge recognised from design compositions is the central tenet of the research presented in this thesis. This thesis develops and implements a computational system of situated learning and investigates its utility in designing. Situated learning is based on the concept that "knowledge is contextually situated and is fundamentally influenced by its situation". In this sense learning is tuned to the situations within which "what you do when you do matters". Designing cannot be predicted and the results of designing are not based on actions independent of what is being designed or independent of when, where and how it was designed. Designers' actions are situation dependent (situated), such that designers work actively with the design environment within the specific conditions of the situation where neither the goal state nor the solution space is completely predetermined. In designing, design solutions are fluid and emergent entities generated by dynamic and situated activities instead of fixed design plans. Since it is not possible in advance to know what knowledge to use in relation to any situation we need to learn knowledge in relation to its situation, i.e. learn the applicability conditions of knowledge. This leads towards the notion of the situation as having the potential role of guiding the use of knowledge. Situated Learning in Designing (SLiDe) is developed and implemented within the domain of architectural shape composition (in the form of floor plans), to construct the situatedness of shape semantics. An architectural shape semantic is a set of characteristics with a semantic meaning based on a particular view of a shape such as reflection symmetry, adjacency, rotation and linearity. Each shape semantic has preconditions without which it cannot be recognised. Such preconditions indicate nothing about the situation within which this shape semantic was recognised. The situatedness or the applicability conditions of a shape semantic is viewed as, the interdependent relationships between this shape semantic as the design knowledge in focus, and other shape semantics across the observations of a design composition. While designing, various shape semantics and relationships among them emerge in different representations of a design composition. Multiple representations of a design composition by re-interpretation have been proposed to serve as a platform for SLiDe. Multiple representations provide the opportunity for different shape semantics and relationships among them to be found from a single design composition. This is important if these relationships are to be used later because it is not known in advance which of the possible relationships could be constructed are likely to be useful. Hence, multiple representations provide a platform for different situations to be encountered. A symbolic representation of shape and shape semantics is used in which the infinite maximal lines form the representative primitives of the shape. SLiDe is concerned with learning the applicability conditions (situatedness), of shape semantics locating them in relation to situations within which they were recognised (situation dependent), and updating the situatedness of shape semantics in response to new observations of the design composition. SLiDe consists of three primary modules: Generator, Recogniser and Incremental Situator. The Generator is used by the designer to develop a set of multiple representations of a design composition. This set of representations forms the initial design environment of SLiDe. The Recogniser detects shape semantics in each representation and produces a set of observations, each of which is comprised of a group of shape semantics recognised at each corresponding representation. The Incremental Situator module consists of two sub-modules, Situator and Restructuring Situator, and utilises an unsupervised incremental clustering mechanism not affected by concept drift. The Situator module locates recognised shape semantics in relation to their situations by finding regularities of relationships among them across observations of a design composition and clustering them into situational categories organised in a hierarchical tree structure. Such relationships change over time due to the changes taken place in the design environment whenever further representations are developed using the Generator module and new observations are constructed by the Recogniser module. The Restructuring Situator module updates previously learned situational categories and restructures the hierarchical tree accordingly in response to new observations. Learning the situatedness shape semantics may play a crucial role in designing if designers pursue further some of these shape semantics. This thesis illustrates an approach in which SLiDe can be utilised in designing to explore the shapes in a design composition in various ways; bring designers! attention to potentially hidden features and shape semantics of their designs; and maintain the integrity of the design composition by using the situatedness of shape semantics. The thesis concludes by outlining future directions for this research to learn and update the situatedness of design knowledge within the context of use; considering the role of functional knowledge while learning the situatedness of design knowledge; and developing an autonomous situated agent-based designing system.
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2003/05/06 11:34

_id	ecaade03_133_119_reffat
id	ecaade03_133_119_reffat
authors	Reffat, Rabee M.
year	2003
title	Semantic-Based Virtual Design Environments for Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.133
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 133-140
summary	3D Virtual Environments (VEs) have the potential to reach beyond the limitations of CAD systems and can be utilised as design tools for architecture. This paper introduces a framework of semantic-based Virtual Design Environment(VDE) that aims to provides designers of VEs with virtual observers of designers’ actions (intelligent design agents and collaborative assistant agent) to investigate the current design and respond to these actions when the need arises. The paper presents the development of a representation structure of building-objects and their relationships to be used in constructing building designs in the 3D VDE and outlines sets of design semantics to be incorporated within the VDE.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	028f
authors	Reggini, Horacio C.
year	1976
title	A Generalized Perspective Involving Visual Size Constancy
source	Estudos Cognitivos. San-Paulo, Argentine: December, 1976. vol. 1: pp. [71]-101 : ill. Written in spanish. --- includes bibliography
summary	This article deals with a new idea for generating plane representation figures of three dimensional objects and describes a corresponding computer program. Instead of using the classical perspective rules that govern retinal images as well as common cameras, a different projection method is elaborated based upon the use of a particular kind of curved projection rays instead of the usual straight ones. Curvature of projection lines is made depending on an index variable between zero and one. Meanwhile conical and parallel classical images are obtained for the limit values, compromise images result with intermediate values. Fundamentals, analytical procedure and program for displaying images are presented. Finally, examples are shown and the development possibility of a new type of camera with the property of producing pictures according to different indexes is raised
keywords	computer graphics, perspective, rendering, systems
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	6c93
authors	Rehg, J., Elfes, A. and Talukdar, S.N. (et al)
year	1988
title	CASE : Computer-Aided Simultaneous Engineering
source	13 p. : ill
summary	Pittsburgh, PA: Engineering Design Research Center, CMU, 1988. EDRC 05-22-88. This paper presents a new system for computer-aided mechanical design known as CASE, which stands for Computer- Aided Simultaneous Engineering. CASE was developed to support mechanical design at the project level, and serve as a means of integrating into the design process concerns from other parts of the lifecycle of a product. CASE is composed of an integrated framework of synthesis, analysis, and translation programs, and is designed to serve as a testbed for research in representation, problem-solving, and systems integration for computer-aided mechanical design. A prototype version of CASE has been applied to the domain of window regulator design, and is capable of automatically synthesizing regulators to meet a set of specifications and performing tolerance and stress analysis on developing designs
keywords	representation, problem solving, constraints, reasoning, mechanical engineering
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 14:42

_id	ecec
authors	Requicha, Aristides A.G. and Voelcker, H.B.
year	1977
title	Constructive Solid Geometry
source	November, 1977. [3] 36 p. : ill. includes bibliography: p. 31-33
summary	The term 'constructive solid geometry' denotes a class of schemes for describing solid objects as compositions (usually 'additions' and 'subtractions') of primitive solid 'building blocks.' The notion of adding and subtracting solids has been used by mechanical designers and others for generations, but attempts to embody it in computer-based modelling systems have been hindered by the absence of a firm mathematical foundation. This paper provides such a foundation by drawing on established results in modern axiomatic geometry and point set topology. The paper also initiates a broader discussion, to be continued in subsequent papers, of three seminal topics: mathematical modelling of solids, representation of solids, and calculation of geometrical properties of solids
keywords	solid modeling, computational geometry, geometric modeling, CSG, topology, mathematics, representation
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	08ba
authors	Requicha, Aristides A.G.
year	1980
title	Representations for Rigid Solids : Theory, Methods, and Systems
source	Computing Surveys December, 1980. vol. 12: pp. 437-464 : ill. includes bibliography.
summary	Computer-based systems for modeling the geometry of rigid solid objects are becoming increasingly important in mechanical and civil engineering, architecture, computer graphics, computer vision, and other fields that deal with spatial phenomena. At the heart of such systems are symbol structures (representations) designating 'abstract solids' (subsets of Euclidean space) that model physical solids. Representations are the sources of data for procedures which compute useful properties of objects. The variety and uses of systems embodying representations of solids are growing rapidly, but so are the difficulties in assessing current designs, specifying the characteristics that future systems should exhibit, and designing systems to meet such specifications. This paper resolves many of these difficulties by providing a coherent view, based on sound theoretical principles, of what is presently known about the representation of solids. The paper is divided into three parts. The first introduces a simple mathematical framework for characterizing certain important aspects of representations, for example, their semantic (geometric) integrity. The second part uses the framework to describe and compare all of the major known schemes for representing solids. The third part briefly surveys extant geometric modeling systems and then applies the concepts developed in the paper to the high-level design of a multiple- representation geometric modeling system which exhibits a level of reliability and versatility superior to that of systems currently used in industrial computer-aided design and manufacturing
keywords	CAD, CAM, computational geometry, geometric modeling, representation,CSG, B-rep
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	ae20
authors	Retik, A., Warszawski, A. and Banai, A.
year	1989
title	The Use of Computer Graphics as a Scheduling Tool
source	Building and Environment. England: Pergamon Press, 1989. 10 p. : ill. includes bibliography
summary	The paper describes a potential application of computer graphics to construction scheduling. A computer program receives, as its input a geometrical representation of the building to be constructed, and a schedule for the erection of its main components. Subsequently, the actual construction progress is also recorded. The outputs of the program include a graphical representation of the total schedule, of the construction status at any given date, and of the difference between the scheduled and the actual performance. Other possible features of the program are also discussed
keywords	computer graphics, construction, scheduling
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 14:41

_id	sigradi2011_286
id	sigradi2011_286
authors	Ribeiro Cardoso, Daniel; Magalhaes Leite, Raquel; Fortes de Sousa, Beker A.
year	2011
title	A forma da emergência: linguagens na arquitetura vernacular [The shape of emergence: languages in vernacular architecture]
source	SIGraDi 2011 [Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Argentina - Santa Fe 16-18 November 2011, pp. 564-567
summary	This paper compares two formal languages, from the observation of the composing process of a vernacular set of houses. These languages have distinct natures. The first one is symbolic: L-system as proposed by Aristid Lindenmayer. The second one is the iconic Shape Grammar, as developed by George Stiny. After formalization, comparison and analysis, they are going to be implemented in Grasshopper.
keywords	Shape grammar; process representation; morphogenesis; vernacular architecture
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:58

_id	sigradi2011_305
id	sigradi2011_305
authors	Ribeiro Cardoso, Daniel; Rodrigues de Souza, André Felipe; Costa Lima, Mariana Quezado; de Freitas Rodrigues, Marina; Maciel Miranda, Natália
year	2011
title	Uma análise dos meios de representação a partir da Teoria Geral dos Signos [An analysis of the means of representation from the general theory of signs]
source	SIGraDi 2011 [Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Argentina - Santa Fe 16-18 November 2011, pp. 147-150
summary	The purpose of this paper is to do an analysis of the graphic representation techniques in architecture, seeking in Peirce's Theory of Signs an interpretation of the conventional steps of the architectural design process. A research was conducted in the architecture course in pursuit of a systematization of the information generated at each step of the design process. Finally, it emphasizes the importance of the ability to adapt to the environment, of awareness of the languages, giving the student autonomy to choose the suitable feature.
keywords	Peirce's Theory of Signs; Graphic Representation Techniques; Architectural Design Process; Language
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:58

_id	sigradi2010_85
id	sigradi2010_85
authors	Ribeiro, Cardoso Daniel; Moreira Nobre Bonfim Cibele; dos Santos Barros Ana Carolina; Rodrigues de Souza André Felipe
year	2010
title	Imagens espaço - imagens objeto: o recurso da imersão nos processos de ensino_aprendizagem em arquitetura [Images, space - images, objects: use of immersion in the teaching - learning processes of architecture ]
source	SIGraDi 2010_Proceedings of the 14th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, pp. Bogotá, Colombia, November 17-19, 2010, pp. 85-87
summary	This paper reflects on the use of immersive environments associated with virtual reality in design exercises. Following from the experience of implementing the Imagem Espaço - Imagem Objeto project in the Architecture and Urbanism course at the Federal University of Ceara, we seek to develop considerations of how the development of new media (especially the immersive media) makes use of digital equipment and systems to open new possibilities of conception, perception and representation in architecture. In addition, we explore the possible impacts of this phenomenon in teaching - learning in our course.
keywords	immersion; architecture; teaching
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:58

_id	321b
authors	Richens, P.
year	1996
title	Computer Representation Techniques for Historic Buildings
source	National Trust Conservation Seminar, London
series	other
email
more	http://www.arct.cam.ac.uk/research/pubs/
last changed	2000/03/05 19:05

_id	caadria2023_264
id	caadria2023_264
authors	Rico Carranza, Eduardo, Huang, Sheng-Yang, Besems Julian and Gao, Wanqi
year	2023
title	(In)visible Cities: What Generative Algorithms Tell Us About Our Collective Memory Schema
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.1.463
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 463–472
summary	The last decade has witnessed a turn in AI technologies working with differentiable neural network architectures learning the embedded functions between data points and performing generative operations synthesising unseen data. The move to a continuous and generative AI paradigm aligns with ideas in the field of cognition and psychology, where a growing body of authors are beginning to conceptualise memory and our representation of the past as a dynamic, malleable and ultimately generative field. So, how effective are generative algorithms in supporting and enabling this creative process of remembrance? To answer this research question, we propose an experiment on how the spatial movement and exploration of maps of real and imagined images can help our brain reconstruct its memories in a dynamic yet accurate manner. We develop an application allowing visitors to dynamically explore real and AI-generated images of a given site clustered by similarity in a virtual 3D space. Analysing visitor paths and observed images helps us understand visitors’ perspectives on real and AI-generated data such as an increased preference for synthetic images by visitors familiarised with the site. We conclude with recommendations on how to approach visitor experience in generative AI-powered applications for engagement with historical and archival data.
keywords	Collective Memory, Embedded Differentiable Functions, Latent Space, Spatial Cognition, StyleGAN2, Schema, Visitor Paths
series	CAADRIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2024/01/09 06:17

_id	ga9812
id	ga9812
authors	Riley, Howard
year	1998
title	The Genetic Code of Drawing: A systemic – functional approach to the semiotics of visual language
source	International Conference on Generative Art
summary	The many varied drawing conventions, invented by human cultures world-wide to depict experience of their world on a two-dimensional surface, all derive from the two fundamental processes of selection and combination of marks and surfaces. Here is the DNA of drawing – a dialectically entwined pair from which spirals the luxuriant diversity of human visual representation. Recent work by visual semioticians Michael O’Toole, Gunther Kress and Theo van Leeuwen has extended earlier insights of the linguist Michael Halliday to arrive at a powerful means of analysing painting, sculpture, architecture and graphics. Such analysis is known as systemic-functional semiotics because it identifies from within a visual grammar and vocabulary the systems of choices which enable the social functions of all human communication to be articulated. Those functions are: 1. to represent aspects of our physical and emotional experiences of the world. 2. to afford both artist and viewer the means for expressing or adopting personal attitudes and moods towards those experiences. An interpersonal function. Of course, a third function is required to make the previous two visible: 3. the functon of composition in material form. This kind of semiotics recognise that ideological constraints within a society can determine the choices of visual elements and the rules of their combination; it also recognises, dialectically, that the visual work thus produced may in turn affect the society’s ideological constructs. The paper breaks new ground by extending the concept of social semiotics into the field of Drawing. It goes on to explain an ecological approach to understanding visual perception, and attempts to synthesise aspects of this perception theory and semiotic theory. The resulting synthesis becomes a way of mapping the varieties of drawing which are generated from what may be termed the ?genetic code? of drawing. But this new theoretical model proposed here not only allows us to make contextual sense of existing drawing; it also provides a means of generating new ways of drawing.
series	other
email
more	http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed	2003/08/07 17:25

_id	c832
authors	Rinderle, J.R. and Suh, N.P.
year	1983
title	Measures of Functional Coupling in Design
source	Pittsburgh, PA: Design Research Center, CMU, December, 1983. 6 p. : some ill. includes bibliography
summary	Algebraic and geometric representations of the general design problem are presented. Quantitative measures of functional coupling in design are developed from this representation which provide valuable insight into the significance of the independence axiom of design. These theoretical measures are applied to Reaction Injection Molding machinery to illustrate the concept of functional independence and the application of quantitative measures of functional coupling
keywords	design, theory, mechanical engineering
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	a977
authors	Rivera , Antonieta and Wojtowicz, Jerzy
year	1997
title	Aspects of Tenochtitlan: Nature of CD-ROM Production in the Construction of Content
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1997.319
source	Design and Representation [ACADIA ‘97 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-06-3] Cincinatti, Ohio (USA) 3-5 October 1997, pp. 319-327
summary	At the beginning of the sixteenth century, the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan, was one of the world's largest cities. By 1521, the Spaniards under Hernan Cortes had destroyed both the Empire and the city. Tenochtitlan was razed to its foundations and Mexico City was built on top of it (Matos, 1993). This paper discusses the process for developing digital interpretations of the Teocalli or Ceremonial Precinct of Tenochtitlan based on historical, iconographical, and archaeological materials. To this end, digital models were constructed by taking into consideration Aztec archaeoastronomical principles and measuring systems. The result is an interactive view of the Ceremonial Precinct, perhaps the most comprehensive since Tenochtitlan was destroyed more than 500 years ago. This project has been recently published on CD-ROM.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	sigradi2011_040
id	sigradi2011_040
authors	Rivera Henao, Mauricio
year	2011
title	Entornos virtuales y sus conexiones entre el arte del performance y tradiciones chamánicas curativas [Virtual environments and their connections between the art of performance and shamanic healing traditions]
source	SIGraDi 2011 [Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Argentina - Santa Fe 16-18 November 2011, pp. 238-241
summary	The article presents as a conclusion the interrelationship of the virtual environments (interaction, interface, real-virtual), art of performance and some American healing shamanic ceremonies exploring the theories and creative practices in the perspective of art and design. These aspects are approached from the dialectics between tradition and post-modernity. The article is divided in two parts: Axiom-Movement, which comments on the representation strategies defined by audiences' designs of participation towards the identification of art-interactive-healing. Esthetic ExperienceTransmission, shows the fieldwork circumstances in the structure of the own artistic work.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:58

_id	sigradi2011_348
id	sigradi2011_348
authors	Rivera, Ricardo; Brakke, Aaron Paul
year	2011
title	Cine en la era digital [An Augmented View of Cinema: Cinema in the Digital Age]
source	SIGraDi 2011 [Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Argentina - Santa Fe 16-18 November 2011, pp. 285-288
summary	This paper illustrates a shift in the fundamentals of cinema which is being augmented in social and techni- cal terms. The primary changes deal with the perception of spectator-actor and with the new digital technologies being utilized. This paper will be structured around the four "tyranny" that, as Peter Greenaway has suggested, are destroying film: The need of the camera, the current frame (screen), the text as the axis of the narrative and the importance of the actors. An augmented understanding of cinema offers a new aesthetic in terms of space, interaction and ultimately an open and generative cinematic experience.
keywords	Cine; digital; representation; image; spectator
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:58

_id	sigradi2012_21
id	sigradi2012_21
authors	Rocha, Heliana Faria Mettig
year	2012
title	Modelagem e Simulação da informação urbana de caráter histórico [Modeling and simulation of urban information of historical nature]
source	SIGraDi 2012 [Proceedings of the 16th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Brasil - Fortaleza 13-16 November 2012, pp. 401-404
summary	This article focuses on modeling and simulation of urban information of a prototype on Geographic Information System – GIS for a historic commercial district in Salvador, Bahia. The conceptual modeling refers to the system’s symbolic representation, the spatial and topological relationships of real object with other in scenario, and attributes database settings. The geometric modeling refers to three-dimensional models that represent urban visual elements. The simulation generates previews for periods or themes, in response to interactive queries. This GIS has been relevant to broaden reflection on the process of urban landscape transformation, in order to instrumentalize participatory urban planning and heritage preservation.
keywords	Visualização urbana espaço temporal; Representação digital; SIG Histórico; Modelo 3D; Bairro do Comércio
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:59

_id	sigradi2004_200
id	sigradi2004_200
authors	Rodrigo Cury Paraizo
year	2004
title	A representação do patrimônio urbano em hiperdocumentos: um estudo sobre o palácio monroe [The Representation of Urban Heritage in Hyperdocuments: A Study on the Monroe Palace]
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	This paper discusses the use of hyperdocuments to portray urban heritage, focusing in the possibilities of narrative structure brought by electronic network narrative. The chosen building is the former house of the Brazilian Senate, the Monroe Palace, for even after being demolished in 1976, is still somehow present as heritage. It also aims to develop a hyperdocument system of recombinatory pieces that allow for individual layouts that can be stored, retrieved and shared among users.
keywords	Virtual heritage; Hyperdocuments, Saint Louis Brazilian Pavilion, Cinelândia, Downtown Rio
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:59

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