Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	avocaad_2001_13
id	avocaad_2001_13
authors	Alexander Koutamanis
year	2001
title	Modeling irregular and complex forms
source	AVOCAAD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Nys Koenraad, Provoost Tom, Verbeke Johan, Verleye Johan (Eds.), (2001) Hogeschool voor Wetenschap en Kunst - Departement Architectuur Sint-Lucas, Campus Brussel, ISBN 80-76101-05-1
summary	Computational technologies provide arguably the first real opportunity architectural design has had for a comprehensive description of built form. With the advent of affordable computer-aided design systems (including drafting, modeling, visualization and simulation tools), architects believe they can be in full control of geometric aspects and, through these, of a wide spectrum of other aspects that are implicit or explicit in the geometric representation. This belief is based primarily on the efficiency and effectiveness of computer systems, ranging from the richness and adaptability of geometric primitives to the utility of geometric representations in simulations of climatic aspects. Such capabilities support attempts to design and construct more irregular or otherwise complex forms. These fall under two main categories: (1) parsing of irregularity into elementary components, and (2) correlation of the form of a building with complex geometric structures.The first category takes advantage of the compactness and flexibility of computational representations in order to analyse the form of a design into basic elements, usually elementary geometric primitives. These are either arranged into simple, unconstrained configurations or related to each other by relationships that define e.g. parametric relative positioning or Boolean combinations. In both cases the result is a reduction of local complexity and an increase of implicit or explicit relationships, including the possibility of hierarchical structures.The second category attempts to correlate built form with constraints that derive usually from construction but can also be morphological. The correlation determines the applicability of complex geometric structures (minimally ruled surfaces) to the description of a design. The product of this application is generally variable in quality, depending upon the designer's grounding in geometry and his ability to integrate constraints from different aspects in the definition of the design's geometry.Both categories represent a potential leap forward but are also equally hampered by the rigidity of the implementation mechanisms upon which they rely heavily. The paper proposes an approach to making these mechanisms subordinate to the cognitive and technical aspects of architectural thinking through fuzzy modeling. This way of modeling involves a combination of (a) canonical forms, (b) tolerances around canonical forms and positions, (c) minimal and maximal values, (d) fuzzy boundaries, and (e) plastic interaction between elements based on the dual principles of local intelligence and autonomy. Fuzzy models come therefore closer to the intuitive manners of sketching, while facilitating transition to precise and complex forms. The paper presents two applications of fuzzy modeling. The first concerns the generation of schematic building layouts, including adaptive control of programmatic requirements. The second is a system for designing stairs that can adapt themselves to changes in their immediate environment through a fuzzy definition of geometric and topological parametrization.
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	1b10
id	1b10
authors	Bay, Joo-Hwa
year	2001
title	Cognitive Biases - The case of tropical architecture
source	Delft University of Technology
summary	This dissertation investigates, i) How cognitive biases (or illusions) may lead to errors in design thinking, ii) Why architects use architectural precedents as heuristics despite such possible errors, and iii) Develops a design tool that can overcome this type of errors through the introduction of a rebuttal mechanism. The mechanism controls biases and improves accuracy in architectural thinking. // The research method applied is interdisciplinary. It employs knowledge from cognitive science, environmental engineering, and architectural theory. The case study approach is also used. The investigation is made in the case of tropical architecture. The investigation of architectural biases draws from work by A. Tversky and D. Kahneman in 1982 on “Heuristics and biases”. According to Tversky and Kahneman, the use of heuristics of representativeness (based on similarity) and availability (based on ease of recall and imaginability) for judgement of probability can result in cognitive biases of illusions of validity and biases due to imaginability respectively. This theory can be used analogically to understand how errors arise in the judgement of environmental behaviour anticipated from various spatial configurations, leading to designs with dysfunctional performances when built. Incomplete information, limited time, and human mental resources make design thinking in practice difficult and impossible to solve. It is not possible to analyse all possible alternative solutions, multiple contingencies, and multiple conflicting demands, as doing so will lead to combinatorial explosion. One of the ways to cope with the difficult design problem is to use precedents as heuristic devices, as shortcuts in design thinking, and at the risk of errors. This is done with analogical, pre-parametric, and qualitative means of thinking, without quantitative calculations. Heuristics can be efficient and reasonably effective, but may not always be good enough or even correct, because they can have associated cognitive biases that lead to errors. Several debiasing strategies are discussed, and one possibility is to introduce a rebuttal mechanism to refocus the designer’s thinking on the negative and opposite outcomes in his judgements, in order to debias these illusions. The research is carried out within the framework of design theory developed by the Design Knowledge System Research Centre, TUDelft. This strategy is tested with an experiment. The results show that the introduction of a rebuttal mechanism can debias and improve design judgements substantially in environmental control. The tool developed has possible applications in design practice and education, and in particular, in the designing of sustainable environments.
keywords	Design bias; Design knowledge; Design rebuttal; Design Precedent; Pre-parametric design; Tropical architecture; Sustainability
series	thesis:PhD
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2006/05/28 07:42

_id	6fb3
authors	Bemergui Holcblat, Jeanette and Ortega Díaz - Arias, Félix
year	2001
title	Usabilidad: su incorporación en la formación de los diseñadores de sitios web eficaces [Usability: Its Incorporation In the Creation of the Efficient Web Designers]
source	2da Conferencia Venezolana sobre Aplicación de Computadores en Arquitectura, Maracaibo (Venezuela) december 2001, pp. 184-193
summary	To design in the user's function has become the fundamental key to achieve the effectiveness of a Web site. This work is guided to approach a key and fundamental concept to guarantee the success of a design for a web site that is the "usability". It is presented in first term the basic concepts of the usability, the importance of the establishment of some principles based on the usability engineering. In a second he/she leaves they will expose some guidelines, rules and methods that he/she offers this technique and that they constitute the essence of the design centered in users. some of the keys of the usability methods will be described.
keywords	Web Site; Usability; Design
series	other
email
last changed	2003/11/21 15:16

_id	117a
authors	Bermudez, J., Agutter, J., Westenskow, D., Zhang, Y., Foresti, S., Syroid, N., Lilly, B., Strayer, D., Drews, F. and Gondeck-Becker, D.
year	2001
title	LA ARQUITECTURA DE REPRESENTACION DE DATOS. DISEÑO ARQUITECTONICO APLICADO A LA VISUALIZACION EN ANESTESIOLOGIA (The Architecture of Data Representation. Architectonical Design Applied to the Visualization in Anestesiology)
source	SIGraDi biobio2001 - [Proceedings of the 5th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics / ISBN 956-7813-12-4] Concepcion (Chile) 21-23 november 2001, pp. 135-138
summary	This paper presents the architectural process and products that are being employed in an ongoing multidisciplinary research in anesthesiology. The project’s goal is to develop a new data representation technology to visualize physiologic information in real time. Using physiologic data, 3-D objects are generated in digital space that represent physiologic changes and show functional relationships that aid in the detection, diagnosis, and treatment of critical events. Preliminary testing results show statistically significant reduction in detection times. The research outcome, potential, and the NIH grant supporting the team’s scientific methods demonstrate the contributions that architecture offers to the growing field of data visualization.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	diss_ddssar0211
id	diss_ddssar0211
authors	Brandt, Eva
year	2001
title	Event driven product development – collaboration and learning
source	Dept. of Technology and Social Sciences, Technical University of Denmark
summary	This dissertation is the result of the research project “Event-Driven Product Development: Collaboration and Learning”. It is an industrial Ph.D. project carried out in collaboration between the company Danfoss A/S, and the Institute of Technology and Social Sciences at the Technical University of Denmark; now the Department of Manufacturing Engineering and Management. The research was funded partly by Danfoss A/S and partly by the Danish Academy of Technical Sciences (ATV), who have named the project EF 609. The research project began in February 1996. I have had three supervisors: Thomas Binder and Jacob Buur both of whom represent Danfoss, and Lauge Baungaard Rasmussen from the Institute of Technology and Social Sciences at the Technical University of Denmark.
series	thesis:PhD
email
more	http://space.interactiveinstitute.se/staff/Eva.Brandt/phd.html
last changed	2003/12/15 14:31

_id	8a8c
authors	Choi, J.W., Kwon, D.-Y. and Lee, H.-S.
year	2001
title	DesignBUF: Exploring and Extending 2D Boolean Set Operations with Multiple Modes in the Early Design Phase
source	Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures [ISBN 0-7923-7023-6] Eindhoven, 8-11 July 2001, pp. 589-602
summary	Boolean set operations have been a powerful design function set for any CAD systems including 2D and 3D domains. Their capacity to provide even more powerful design tools have not, however, been fully explored in the 2D system. The purpose of this study is to further explore 2D Boolean set operations with multiple modes, which include a pick mode, a wait mode, a drag-and-drop mode, and a draw-and-action mode. We develop a prototype design tool, called DesignBUF. It introduces a new concept of “design object buffer,” an intermediate design zone in which a designer freely sketches his/her design with design objects in a brainstorming fashion since valuable design ideas are ephemeral? and the designer needs to generate design schemes rapidly before the ideas disappear or are forgotten. After finishing such fast brainstorming processes, especially in the early design phase, the designer gets a stable and refined form of a floor plan, which in turn becomes a well structured form to maintain building and design information systematically. Therefore, the designer keeps switching back and forth between the “design object buffer” and structured floor plans. We believe that this dual working memory will not only increase system flexibility, but also reduce computation with unnecessarily complex design objects. This study also develops a robust algorithm to transform the intermediate design objects into a well-structured floor plan. In fact, the algorithm is also used for the extended Boolean set operations described above. A structured floor plan can also be transformed into non-structured forms. Research issues for future development are also identified at the end of the paper.
keywords	Design Buffer, Extended Boolean Set Operations, Structured Floor Plan.
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2006/11/07 07:22

_id	208d
authors	Cooper, D., Pridmore, T.P. and Taylor, N.
year	2001
title	Assessment of a camera pose algorithm using images of brick sewers
source	Automation in Construction 10 (4) (2001) pp. 527-540
summary	Further developments in an ongoing multi-disciplinary research programme concerning the automation of sewer surveys are reported. Previous papers have suggested a theoretical model for use in establishing a frame of reference for closed circuit television (CCTV) camera images of non-man-entry (NME) brick sewers, in order to enable quantitative observations to be automatically acquired employing computer vision techniques. Herein is discussed a simulation testing strategy designed to determine the model's predictive accuracy and thereby assess the corresponding assumptions made. Test results are presented which display robust model characteristics. Further developments are then considered in the context of in-service practice.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	cf2011_p051
id	cf2011_p051
authors	Cote, Pierre; Mohamed-Ahmed Ashraf, Tremblay Sebastien
year	2011
title	A Quantitative Method to Compare the Impact of Design Mediums on the Architectural Ideation Process.
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 539-556.
summary	If we compare the architectural design process to a black box system, we can assume that we now know quite well both inputs and outputs of the system. Indeed, everything about the early project either feasibility studies, programming, context integration, site analysis (urban, rural or natural), as well as the integration of participants in a collaborative process can all be considered to initiate and sustain the architectural design and ideation process. Similarly, outputs from that process are also, and to some extent, well known and identifiable. We are referring here, among others, to the project representations or even to the concrete building construction and its post-evaluation. But what about the black box itself that produces the ideation. This is the question that attempts to answer the research. Currently, very few research works linger to identify how the human brain accomplishes those tasks; how to identify the cognitive functions that are playing this role; to what extent they operate and complement each other, and among other things, whether there possibly a chain of causality between these functions. Therefore, this study proposes to define a model that reflects the activity of the black box based on the cognitive activity of the human brain. From an extensive literature review, two cognitive functions have been identified and are investigated to account for some of the complex cognitive activity that occurs during a design process, namely the mental workload and mental imagery. These two variables are measured quantitatively in the context of real design task. Essentially, the mental load is measured using a Bakan's test and the mental imagery with eyes tracking. The statistical software G-Power was used to identify the necessary subject number to obtain for significant variance and correlation result analysis. Thus, in the context of an exploratory research, to ensure effective sample of 0.25 and a statistical power of 0.80, 32 participants are needed. All these participants are students from 3rd, 4th or 5th grade in architecture. They are also very familiar with the architectural design process and the design mediums used, i.e., analog model, freehand drawing and CAD software, SketchUp. In three experimental sessions, participants were asked to design three different projects, namely, a bus shelter, a recycling station and a public toilet. These projects were selected and defined for their complexity similarity, taking into account the available time of 22 minutes, using all three mediums of design, and this in a randomly manner to avoid the order effect. To analyze the two cognitive functions (mental load and mental imagery), two instruments are used. Mental imagery is measured using eye movement tracking with monitoring and quantitative analysis of scan paths and the resulting number and duration of participant eye fixations (Johansson et al, 2005). The mental workload is measured using the performance of a modality hearing secondary task inspired by Bakan'sworks (Bakan et al.; 1963). Each of these three experimental sessions, lasting 90 minutes, was composed of two phases: 1. After calibrating the glasses for eye movement, the subject had to exercise freely for 3 minutes while wearing the glasses and headphones (Bakan task) to get use to the wearing hardware. Then, after reading the guidelines and criteria for the design project (¬± 5 minutes), he had 22 minutes to execute the design task on a drawing table allowing an upright posture. Once the task is completed, the subject had to take the NASA TLX Test, on the assessment of mental load (¬± 5 minutes) and a written post-experimental questionnaire on his impressions of the experiment (¬± 10 minutes). 2. After a break of 5-10 minutes, the participant answered a psychometric test, which is different for each session. These tests (¬± 20 minutes) are administered in the same order to each participant. Thus, in the first experimental session, the subject had to take the psychometric test from Ekstrom et al. (1978), on spatial performance (Factor-Referenced Cognitive Tests Kit). During the second session, the cognitive style is evaluated using Oltman's test (1971). Finally, in the third and final session, participant creativity is evaluated using Delis-Kaplan test (D-KEFS), Delis et al. (2001). Thus, this study will present the first results of quantitative measures to establish and validate the proposed model. Furthermore, the paper will also discuss the relevance of the proposed approach, considering that currently teaching of ideation in ours schools of architecture in North America is essentially done in a holistic manner through the architectural project.
keywords	design, ideation process, mental workload, mental imagery, quantitative mesure
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	d746
authors	Coyne, R., Lee, J., Duncan, D. and Ofluoglu, S.
year	2001
title	Applying web-based product libraries
source	Automation in Construction 10 (5) (2001) pp. 549-559
summary	This paper presents progress on a research project about on-line libraries of product information as used by architects, engineers and other design professionals. We present product library assistant intranet, PLA(id), which is a system programmed in Java for organising product library information on the World-Wide Web (WWW). PLA(id) is to be used experimentally in practice contexts to elicit insights into the applicability of on-line libraries of product information.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	4533
authors	Datta, S., Morison, D. and Roberts, K.
year	2001
title	Pedagogical Templates: A Comparative Study of Higher Order Reflective Making, Playful Design Learning Forum
source	Adelaide University School of Architecture, Landscape Architecture and Urban Design, Adelaide
summary	Schon's notion of reflection-in-action implies a constructivist process of learning, especially valid in the teaching of professional disciplines such as architecture. Action becomes the instrument of conjecture and learning arises in the context of reflection upon the act. Such a process of interleaving action and reflection constitutes a "higher-order" process of reflective making. Research in design studies has shown that strategies for making differ markedly between professional and novitiate designers. Further, such studies have shown that skilled designers employ past experience and precedents to create context for new problem situations. To address the lack of context in novitiate learning situations, we propose the use of "pedagogical templates" for the promotion of "higher-order" strategies in design learning contexts for supporting beginning design students. We focus on the use of digital media, specifically for the design, implementation and delivery of constructive learning situations. This paper presents the use of a pedagogical template in the creation of constructivist contexts for two complementary courses, a traditional design studio and a computermodelling course at Deakin University. The resulting implications for design learning and the integration of physical and digital forms of making through the use of a pedagogical template are discussed.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	448f
authors	De Vecchi, A., Colajanni, S., Corrao, R. and Marano, L.
year	2001
title	M.I.C.R.A. - A WBI System to Manage Information for the Recovery of Ancient Buildings
source	Architectural Information Management [19th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-8-1] Helsinki (Finland) 29-31 August 2001, pp. 61-66
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2001.061
summary	In the field of Architecture and Building Construction is increasing the tendency to search information in the old construction handbooks to find more easily the best solutions to the recovery of ancient buildings: to make them easily accessible we are developing an “electronic handbook” by using the technologies related to Internet. The paper reports on M.I.C.R.A. (Manuale Informatizzato per la Codifica della Regola d’Arte), a WBI System able to allow different kind of users (from experts in the fields of Architecture and Building Construction to university students) to easily find the information stored in the old construction handbooks -edited since the 18th century and normally stored in different libraries around Europe- and to immediately compare them each other. The system information management and the data structuring are explained by describing the design strategies and the specific “research criteria” we have adopted to the development of the system.
keywords	Web Knowledge Repository, Didactic Strategies, Information Accessibility, Information Management, Data Structuring
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	b111
authors	De Vries, B., Achten, H.H., Coomans, M.K.D., Dijkstra, J., Fridqvist, S., Jessurun, A.J., Van Leeuwen, J.P., Orzechowski, M.A., Saarloos, D.J.M., Segers, N.M. and Tan, A.A.W.
year	2001
title	VR-DIS Research Programme Design Systems group
source	Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures [ISBN 0-7923-7023-6] Eindhoven, 8-11 July 2001, pp. 795-808
summary	This paper presents a summary of all on-going projects within the VR-DIS research programme at Eindhoven University of Technology.
keywords	Interactive Design System, Distributed Multi Disciplinary Design, Interactive Measurement Of User Reactions
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2006/11/07 07:22

_id	1229
authors	Donath, D., Beetz, N., Grether, K., Kruijff, E., Petzold, F. and Seichter, H.
year	2001
title	Cooling Factory, a concrete project to test new architectural applications for augmented reality
source	Venetia Giagourta, Michael G. Strintzis (ed.): International Conference on Augmented, Virtual Environments and Three-Dimensional Imaging, Verlag Myconos, pp. 14-17
summary	This paper will discuss possible fields of applications of AR/VR for revitalization of buildings from a user's perspective. Considerations are based on the real-world project "Cooling factory Gera". The project is founded by "Deutsche Forschungsgesellschaft (DFG)".
series	other
email
last changed	2003/02/26 18:58

_id	b81b
authors	Gross, Mark D.
year	2001
title	Emergence in a Recognition Based Drawing Interface
source	J. S. Gero, B. Tversky and T. Purcell (eds), 2001, Visual and Spatial Reasoning in Design, II - Key Centre of Design Computing and Cognition, University of Sydney, Australia
summary	People perceive patterns in representations, patterns that may nothave been initially intended. This phenomenon of emergence is deemed toplay an important role in design. Computer based design assistants canand should support this human perceptual ability, using patternrecognition to anticipate human designers’ perception of emergent shapesand supporting the subsequent manipulation of and reasoning with theseshapes as part of the design. Freehand drawing programs with gesturerecognition are well positioned to implement shape emergence. Supportfor emergent shapes in the Back of an Envelope system is described.
series	other
email
more	http://www.arch.usyd.edu.au/kcdc/conferences/vr01/
last changed	2003/05/02 11:13

_id	6fdc
authors	Gross, Mark D.
year	2001
title	FormWriter. A Little Programming Language for Generating Three-Dimensional Form Algorithmically
source	Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures [ISBN 0-7923-7023-6] Eindhoven, 8-11 July 2001, pp. 577-588
summary	FormWriter is a simple and powerful programming language for generating three-dimensional geometry, intended for architectural designers with little programming experience to be able to generate three dimensional forms algorithmically without writing complex code. FormWriter’s main features include a unified coding and graphics environment providing immediate feedback and a “flying turtle” - a means of generating three dimensional data through differential geometry.
keywords	Programming Language, Geometry, Form Generation
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2006/11/07 07:22

_id	668b
authors	Heylighen, Ann
year	2001
title	End, means and method - Three roles of design(ing) technology in design research
source	Digital Creativity, Volume 12, No. 2, 2001 (ISSN 1462-6268), pp. 103-105
summary	This article explores an approach to design research in which the development of design technology plays a key role. It presents the author's Ph.D. research on the role of cases in architectural design. The research aimed at investigating the applicability of Case-Based Design (CBD) to the domain of architecture. To this end, the author adopted and confronted different stakeholder perspectives, one of which is that of CBD technology developer. By consequence, a considerable part of the research covers the design, implementation and evaluation of a CBD tool to support architects/designers. The research did not have a strictly instrumental aim, but wanted to provide insights for the field of architectural design on both a theoretical and a technological level. While the tool itself aimed at providing architects with valuable design support, making the tool was used as a method to develop a better understanding of current CBD technology. Moreover, the resulting tool turned out to be an effective means to examine the role and impact of cases in architectural design. Rather than reporting on the outcome of the research, the main objective of the article is to make a methodological reflection on the possibilities and limitations of this approach.
keywords	Design Research, Architectural Design, CAAD, Case-Based Design
series	journal paper
email
last changed	2002/11/14 08:38

_id	3c96
authors	Kang, H., Anderson, S.D. and Clayton, M.J.
year	2001
title	Web4D: Challenges and Practices for Construction Scheduling
source	Reinventing the Discourse - How Digital Tools Help Bridge and Transform Research, Education and Practice in Architecture [Proceedings of the Twenty First Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-10-1] Buffalo (New York) 11-14 October 2001, pp. 132-141
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2001.132
summary	Research has demonstrated that four-dimensional computer aided design (4D CAD), in which a three-dimensional (3D) CAD model is animated through time, is useful in helping professionals understand the construction schedule. However, cumbersome processes to update a 4D CAD model, which involve changing geometry representations, changing schedules and bar charts, linking the geometry to the scheduling information, and generating animations, may discourage professionals from using 4D CAD in actual construction projects. A software prototype implementing 4D CAD in a Web environment overcomes limitations of current 4D CAD tools. This software permits editing of the construction schedule over the Internet and shows the revised construction sequence visually on a Web browser using 3D computer graphics. This software is composed of a database on a server, Active Server Pages (ASP) scripts, and a Java applet that was developed using Java 3D Application Programming Interface (API) and Java JDBC. The Java applet retrieves the 4D model at the appropriate level of completion over the Internet and allows users to navigate around the model on the Web browser. Web4D visualization software can help professionals to expedite the schedule updating process by involving designers and constructors in collaborative decision- making.
keywords	Web4D, 4D CAD, 4D Visualization, Construction Schedule, Internet
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	c8ce
authors	Keefe, D., Acevedo, D., Moscovich, T., Laidlaw, D., and La Viola, J.
year	2001
title	CavePainting: A Fully Immersive 3D Artistic Medium and Interactive Experience
source	Proceedings of the 2001 Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics, March 2001
summary	CavePainting is an artistic medium that uses a 3D analog of 2D brush strokes to create 3D works of art in a fully immersive Cave environment. Physical props and gestures are used to provide an intuitive interface for artists who may not be familiar with virtual reality. The system is designed to take advantage of the 8 ft. x 8 ft. x 8 ft. space in which the artist works. CavePainting enables the artist to create a new type of art and provides a novel approach to viewing this art after it has been created. In this paper, we describe Cave- Painting's 3D brush strokes, color pickers, artwork viewing mode, and interface.We also present several works of art created using the system along with feedback from artists. Artists are excited about this form of art and the gestural, full-body experience of creating it.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	7713
authors	Kulinski, Jaroslaw M. and Gero, John S.
year	2001
title	Constructive Representation in Situated Analogy in Design. An essay on a bottle of Eau d'Issey pour Homme
source	Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures [ISBN 0-7923-7023-6] Eindhoven, 8-11 July 2001, pp. 507-520
summary	A model of situated analogy considered within the context of design is presented. It shows the impact of constructive knowledge representation on analogy making. The importance of a non-fixed but constructive representation is highlighted. It is suggested that a situated model of analogy fits the observed characteristics of design better than a non-situated one.
keywords	Design, Analogy, Situatedness, Knowledge Representation
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2006/11/07 07:22

_id	4cd0
authors	Lee, Ming-Chun
year	2001
title	SpaceMaker: A Symbol-based Three-dimensional Computer Modeling Tool for Early Schematic Development of the Architectural Design
source	University of Washington, Design Machine Group
summary	Designing architecture is an action of creating space. Architects start designing by making twodimensional (2-D) drawings in order to explore alternatives of spatial arrangement. However, architects are actually working with three-dimensional (3-D) space. They see 3-D space in their mind’s eye when making sketches in 2-D. It is thus valuable to help designers truly see 3-D space during designing. In addition, different spaces may have different functions and configurations of architectural components. Architects usually use text labels in their drawings to identify architectural concepts. They identify the function of space and remind themselves of the proposed configuration of architectural elements when labeling each space with a symbol. By recognizing the text label, it is possible to identify the architectural configuration of the space. Therefore, it is possible to create a 3-D modeling tool based on the recognition of labels in freehand sketches. This thesis introduces a symbol-based 3-D modeling tool – the SpaceMaker – that allows designers to make freehand floor-plan drawings to explore the initial concept of spatial layout and allows users to apply labels to identify different types of space. Finally, the program converts those floor plans into 3-D models according to the labels. In the SpaceMaker, a designer predefines a label by assigning it four boundary elements that encircle a space. When the designer draws the label in the sketch floor plan, the SpaceMaker then recognizes the label and constructs the space based on the defined boundary condition in a VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language) format that enables the designer to view the 3-D space through a VRML enabled web browser.
series	thesis:MSc
email
more	http://dmg.caup.washington.edu/xmlSiteEngine/browsers/stylin/publications.html
last changed	2004/06/02 19:12

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