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CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	sigradi2006_e028c
id	sigradi2006_e028c
authors	Griffith, Kenfield; Sass, Larry and Michaud, Dennis
year	2006
title	A strategy for complex-curved building design:Design structure with Bi-lateral contouring as integrally connected ribs
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 465-469
summary	Shapes in designs created by architects such as Gehry Partners (Shelden, 2002), Foster and Partners, and Kohn Peterson and Fox rely on computational processes for rationalizing complex geometry for building construction. Rationalization is the reduction of a complete geometric shape into discrete components. Unfortunately, for many architects the rationalization is limited reducing solid models to surfaces or data on spread sheets for contractors to follow. Rationalized models produced by the firms listed above do not offer strategies for construction or digital fabrication. For the physical production of CAD description an alternative to the rationalized description is needed. This paper examines the coupling of digital rationalization and digital fabrication with physical mockups (Rich, 1989). Our aim is to explore complex relationships found in early and mid stage design phases when digital fabrication is used to produce design outcomes. Results of our investigation will aid architects and engineers in addressing the complications found in the translation of design models embedded with precision to constructible geometries. We present an algorithmically based approach to design rationalization that supports physical production as well as surface production of desktop models. Our approach is an alternative to conventional rapid prototyping that builds objects by assembly of laterally sliced contours from a solid model. We explored an improved product description for rapid manufacture as bilateral contouring for structure and panelling for strength (Kolarevic, 2003). Infrastructure typically found within aerospace, automotive, and shipbuilding industries, bilateral contouring is an organized matrix of horizontal and vertical interlocking ribs evenly distributed along a surface. These structures are monocoque and semi-monocoque assemblies composed of structural ribs and skinning attached by rivets and adhesives. Alternative, bi-lateral contouring discussed is an interlocking matrix of plywood strips having integral joinery for assembly. Unlike traditional methods of building representations through malleable materials for creating tangible objects (Friedman, 2002), this approach constructs with the implication for building life-size solutions. Three algorithms are presented as examples of rationalized design production with physical results. The first algorithm [Figure 1] deconstructs an initial 2D curved form into ribbed slices to be assembled through integral connections constructed as part of the rib solution. The second algorithm [Figure 2] deconstructs curved forms of greater complexity. The algorithm walks along the surface extracting surface information along horizontal and vertical axes saving surface information resulting in a ribbed structure of slight double curvature. The final algorithm [Figure 3] is expressed as plug-in software for Rhino that deconstructs a design to components for assembly as rib structures. The plug-in also translates geometries to a flatten position for 2D fabrication. The software demonstrates the full scope of the research exploration. Studies published by Dodgson argued that innovation technology (IvT) (Dodgson, Gann, Salter, 2004) helped in solving projects like the Guggenheim in Bilbao, the leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy, and the Millennium Bridge in London. Similarly, the method discussed in this paper will aid in solving physical production problems with complex building forms. References Bentley, P.J. (Ed.). Evolutionary Design by Computers. Morgan Kaufman Publishers Inc. San Francisco, CA, 1-73 Celani, G, (2004) “From simple to complex: using AutoCAD to build generative design systems” in: L. Caldas and J. Duarte (org.) Implementations issues in generative design systems. First Intl. Conference on Design Computing and Cognition, July 2004 Dodgson M, Gann D.M., Salter A, (2004), “Impact of Innovation Technology on Engineering Problem Solving: Lessons from High Profile Public Projects,” Industrial Dynamics, Innovation and Development, 2004 Dristas, (2004) “Design Operators.” Thesis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2004 Friedman, M, (2002), Gehry Talks: Architecture + Practice, Universe Publishing, New York, NY, 2002 Kolarevic, B, (2003), Architecture in the Digital Age: Design and Manufacturing, Spon Press, London, UK, 2003 Opas J, Bochnick H, Tuomi J, (1994), “Manufacturability Analysis as a Part of CAD/CAM Integration”, Intelligent Systems in Design and Manufacturing, 261-292 Rudolph S, Alber R, (2002), “An Evolutionary Approach to the Inverse Problem in Rule-Based Design Representations”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 329-350 Rich M, (1989), Digital Mockup, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Reston, VA, 1989 Schön, D., The Reflective Practitioner: How Professional Think in Action. Basic Books. 1983 Shelden, D, (2003), “Digital Surface Representation and the Constructability of Gehry’s Architecture.” Diss. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2003 Smithers T, Conkie A, Doheny J, Logan B, Millington K, (1989), “Design as Intelligent Behaviour: An AI in Design Thesis Programme”, Artificial Intelligence in Design, 293-334 Smithers T, (2002), “Synthesis in Designing”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 3-24 Stiny, G, (1977), “Ice-ray: a note on the generation of Chinese lattice designs” Environmental and Planning B, volume 4, pp. 89-98
keywords	Digital fabrication; bilateral contouring; integral connection; complex-curve
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	c544
id	c544
authors	Pektas, S T
year	2003
title	PROCESS INTEGRATION IN BUILDING DESIGN USING THE PARAMETER-BASED DESIGN STRUCTURE MATRIX
source	Design Studies, 27(1), pp. 99-122In B. Tuncer (Ed.), E-Activities in Building Design and Construction. (pp. 63-72). Paris: Europia
summary	This paper reviews existing process models in the Architecture-Engineering-Construction (AEC) industry and identifies two common deficiencies in them: 1. Current process models used in the industry still have a top-down approach including very little information about interrelationships at lower levels. Although these models provide a good overview of the design process, they are often too abstract to define, in detail, for complex multi-parameter problems. 2. Iteration is an important problem in collaborative design. However, most of the existing process models fail in identifying and minimizing it. With a view to alleviate these problems, this paper introduces the parameter-based Design Structure Matrix (DSM) as a tool for process integration and improvement in building design. The uses of the tool are shown via simple examples and suggestions are made for further research.
keywords	Process Integration, Process Modelling, and Parameter-based Design Structure Matrix
series	other
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2005/12/01 15:49

_id	sigradi2003_135
id	sigradi2003_135
authors	Breutmann, B., Fernández, M., Piegari, R., Guerrero, R., Borda Almeida da Silva, A. , Rodríguez Félix, N., Pina, A., Serón Arbeloa, F., Latorre Andrés, P. Vaz de Carvalho, C. and Payssé, M.
year	2003
title	Proyecto Red Alfa T-GAME (Teaching computer Graphics And MultimEdia) (Alfa Network Project T-GAME (Teaching Computer Graphics and Multimedia))
source	SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary	T-GAME Project integrates the academical achievement of eight European and Latin American universities in order to design a series of interdisciplinaries courses, related to computer graphics, to be assumed in new standard and post grade plans of study by those universities.
keywords	Teaching, computer graphics, multimedia, interdisciplinary
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	cf2003_m_098
id	cf2003_m_098
authors	CHAMPION, E., DAVE, B. and BISHOP, I.
year	2003
title	Interaction, Agency and Artefacts
source	Digital Design - Research and Practice [Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 1-4020-1210-1] Tainan (Taiwan) 13–15 October 2003, pp. 249-258
summary	This paper argues (i) that understanding of a place (especially in heritage environments) requires a level of cultural engagement and (ii) that virtual environments, in their typical current form, fail to provide such engagement. A proposed solution to the issue of cultural presence is to apply the interactive mechanisms commonly used in computer games (social agents, levels of interaction constraint, and task-based manipulation of artefacts) to virtual heritage environments. The hypothesis is that the resulting environment will allow for greater engagement and a more culturally immersive learning environment. Virtual environments also often lack techniques for evaluating the extent to which their design goals are achieved. A proposed secondary outcome is that designers and researchers of virtual environment can also use the above interactive mechanisms for the evaluation of user engagement without simultaneously interrupting the user’s feeling of engagement.
keywords	engagement, evaluation, games, HCI, virtual heritage, virtual world
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/09/22 12:21

_id	caadria2003_a7-1
id	caadria2003_a7-1
authors	Chantawit, D. and Hadikusumo, B.H.W.
year	2003
title	Integrated 4d Cad and Construction Safety Planning Information for a Better Safety Management
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2003.891
source	CAADRIA 2003 [Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 974-9584-13-9] Bangkok Thailand 18-20 October 2003, pp. 891-904
summary	Safety is an important element of project successes. In the conventional project management, safety planning, as a function, is separated from other functions, such as planning/scheduling function. This separation creates difficulties for engineers to analyze what, when, why and where a safety measure is needed to prevent accidents in a construction activity. Another problem occurs due to the conventional practice of representing project designs using two-dimensional (2D) drawings. In this practice, a user (e.g. an engineer) has to convert the 2D drawings into three-dimensional (3D) mental pictures, and this is a tedious task. If only converting this 2D drawing is a tedious task, combining these 2D drawings with safety planning creates more difficult tasks. In order to address the problems, this paper discusses our research in integrating construction scheduling and safety planning in a 4D environment.
series	CAADRIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	caadria2006_597
id	caadria2006_597
authors	CHOR-KHENG LIM, CHING-SHUN TANG, WEI-YEN HSAO, JUNE-HAO HOU, YU-TUNG LIU
year	2006
title	NEW MEDIA IN DIGITAL DESIGN PROCESS: Towards a standardize procedure of CAD/CAM fabrication
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2006.x.r4i
source	CAADRIA 2006 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Kumamoto (Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, 597-599
summary	In 1990, due to the traditional architecture design and construction method difficult to build the complicated and non-geometry free-form Fish Structure in Barcelona, architect Frank Gehry started learn from the field of aerospace to utilize CAD/CAM technology in design and manufacture process. He created the free-form fish model in CAD system and exported the digital CAD model data to CAM machine (RP and CNC) to fabricate the design components, and finally assembled on the site. Gehry pioneered in the new digital design process in using CAD/CAM technology or so-called digital fabrication. It becomes an important issue recently as the CAD/CAM technology progressively act as the new digital design media in architectural design and construction process (Ryder et al., 2002; Kolarevic, 2003). Furthermore, in the field of architecture professional, some commercial computer systems had been developed on purpose of standardizes the digital design process in using CAD/CAM fabrication such as Gehry Technologies formed by Gehry Partners; SmartGeometry Group in Europe and Objectile proposed by Bernard Cache. Researchers in the research field like Mark Burry, Larry Sass, Branko Kolarevic, Schodek and others are enthusiastic about the exploration of the role of CAD/CAM fabrication as new design media in design process (Burry, 2002; Schodek et al., 2005; Lee, 2005).
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	cf2003_m_033
id	cf2003_m_033
authors	DAVE, Bharat
year	2003
title	Hybrid Spaces of Practice
source	Digital Design - Research and Practice [Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 1-4020-1210-1] Tainan (Taiwan) 13–15 October 2003, pp. 181-190
summary	Research projects in computational design typically view digital tools as existing independently of their physical settings. However, what we witness are hybrid spaces of practice, one in which there is an increasing fusion and overlap of physical and digital objects and environments. Instead of focusing on digital tools and information in isolation, this paper argues for the need to conceptualise and experiment with hybrid work environments through combinations of place, time, scale, resolution and other dimensions to develop hybrid spaces of practice. The paper describes experiments with a work environment that consists of multiple displays and representations to motivate and characterise hybrid spaces of physical and digital work environments.
keywords	collaboration, ephemeral, tangible, virtual environment
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/09/22 12:21

_id	ijac20031204
id	ijac20031204
authors	de Vries, Bauke; Achten, Henri; Orzechowski, Maciej; Tan, Amy; Segers, Nicole; Tabak, Vincent; Jessurun, Joran; Coomans, Marc
year	2003
title	The Tangible Interface: Experiments as an Integral Part of a Research Strategy
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 1 - no. 2
summary	The Human-Computer interface is crucial to good design support tools. It has to be non-interruptive and non-distracting, yet allow the architect to interact with the computer software. The physical reality of the interface, such as the shape and manipulability of devices like the mouse, keyboard, joystick, or data-glove, has to be mapped on actions and commands in the software. Already the current user interfaces are felt to be inadequate for a good support of design, and the functionality of design tools is growing, requiring even more and new physical interface devices. In this paper, we present research on new tangible interfaces for architectural design support. In particular, we focus on the research methodological question how to investigate such devices.The research strategy is introduced and discussed, after which concrete implementations of this strategy are shown. Based on this work, we conclude that the combination of interface and the context of its use in terms of design method and user needs form crucial aspects for such research and cannot be considered separately.
series	journal
email
more	http://www.multi-science.co.uk/ijac.htm
last changed	2007/03/04 07:08

_id	acadia11_272
id	acadia11_272
authors	Dimcic, Milos; Knippers, Jan
year	2011
title	Free-form Grid Shell Design Based on Genetic Algorithms
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.272
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 272-277
summary	In the 21st century, as free-form design grows in popularity, grid shells are becoming a universal structural solution, enabling the conflation of structure and skin (façade) into one single element (Kolarevic 2003). This paper presents some of the results of a comprehensive research project focused on the automated design and optimization of grid structures over some predefined free form shape, with the goal of generating a stable and statically efficient structure. It shows that by combining design and FEM software in an iterative, Genetic Algorithms-based optimization process, stress and deformation in grid shell structures can be significantly reduced, material can be saved and stability enhanced.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ecaade2022_398
id	ecaade2022_398
authors	Dzurilla, Dalibor and Achten, Henri
year	2022
title	What’s Happening to Architectural Sketching? - Interviewing architects about transformation from traditional to digital architectural sketching as a communicational tool with clients
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.1.389
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 1, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 389–398
summary	The paper discusses 23 interviewed architects in practice about the role of traditional and digital sketching (human-computer interaction) in communication with the client. They were selected from 1995 to 2018 (the interval of graduation) from three different countries: the Czech Republic (CR), Slovakia (SR), Netherland (NR). To realize three blending areas that impact the approach to sketching: (I) Traditional hand and physical model studies (1995-2003). (II)Transition form - designing by hand and PC (2004–2017). (III) Mainly digital and remote forms of designing (2018–now). Interviews helped transform 31 “parameters of tools use” from the previous theoretical framework narrowed down into six main areas: (1) Implementation; (2)Affordability; (3)Timesaving; (4) Drawing support; (5) Representativeness; (6) Transportability. Paper discusses findings from interviewees: (A) Implementation issues are above time and price. (B) Strongly different understanding of what digital sketching is. From drawing in Google Slides by mouse to sketching in Metaverse. (C) Substantial reduction of traditional sketching (down to a total of 3% of the time) at the expense of growing responsibilities. (D) 80% of respondents do not recommend sketching in front of the client. Also, other interesting findings are further described in the discussion.
keywords	Architectural Sketch, Digital Sketch, Effective Visual Communication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	sigradi2003_128
id	sigradi2003_128
authors	Eandi, H., Pérez Salas, A.H. and Sautel, S.
year	2003
title	Proyecto de realización de un Multimedia. De la Partitura Blarduni a la Pantallización (Project of a Multimedia Development. From the Score of Blarduni Score to the screening)
source	SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary	This work analyses the production of multimedia «Color Básico» and takes into account two points: a lineal narrative; a multilayer thought . Different ways of visualization and design of contents are studied. In this way, the story board , schematic elements, and the Partitura Blarduni are important resources in the process of designing the interface.
keywords	Schematic elements , script, screen play, Partitura Blarduni, ruling, story board
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:51

_id	caadria2003_a6-2
id	caadria2003_a6-2
authors	Embi, M. Hamid, M. and Rafi, A.
year	2003
title	Learning Basic Principles of Fire Regulations An Experimental Teaching and Learning Tool
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2003.771
source	CAADRIA 2003 [Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 974-9584-13-9] Bangkok Thailand 18-20 October 2003, pp. 771-786
summary	The study on integrating fire regulations into the design process is described through several study and analysis. However not all of them address the real issue of which fire regulation are difficult to be considered at the early stage of the design process. There are few factors on which fire regulation was not being considered at the early stage of the design. Two strong factors are the complexity of the regulations and the lack of knowledge among architects about fire regulations. Therefore fire requirements are always considered towards the end of the design process. This paper intends to address about the issue of difficulties in fire regulations and how we think these can be solve. We also design a system that can be used either by students or architects to understand the principles of the regulations and its applications in the design process. Finally a prototype system is demonstrated on how we envisage the system that can be used to help architects integrate fire regulations at the early stage of design process.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	43f0
id	43f0
authors	Flynn, D., van Schaik, P., Blackman, T., Fencott, P.C., Hobbs, B., & Calderon, C.
year	2003
title	DEVELOPING A VIRTUAL REALITY-BASED METHODOLOGY FOR PEOPLE WITH DEMENTIA: A FEASIBILITY STUDY.
source	Journal of CyberPsychology and Behavior, Vol6, Number6, 2003.
summary	The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of virtual reality (VR) technology for use by persons with dementia (PWD). Data were obtained directly from six PWD regarding their experiences with a virtual environment (VE) of a large outdoor park. A user-centered method was developed to assess: (a) presence; (b) user inputs; (c) display quality; (d) simulation fidelity; and (e) overall system usability. The extent to which PWD could perform four functional activities in the VE was also investigated (e.g., mailing a letter). In addition, physical and psychological well-being of PWD while interacting with the VE was assessed objectively by recording heart rate during the VR sessions and subjectively with discrete questionnaire items and real-time prompts. Symptom profiles associated with simulator sickness were assessed with an adapted version of the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire. The study found that PWD to some extent experienced presence; perceived that objects were realistic and moved naturally; generally felt in control of the interaction; and demonstrated little difficulty using a joystick for navigation. The study also demonstrated that VR is an appropriate medium for assessing functional behavior within the context of an ecologically valid VE. PWD did not experience any significant increase in symptoms associated with simulator sickness, or detriments to their psychological and physical well-being. These findings demonstrated that it is feasible to work in VEs with PWD.
keywords	Dementia, VR
series	journal paper
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2005/12/02 11:36

_id	ecaade03_017_136_franz
id	ecaade03_017_136_franz
authors	Franz, G., Von der Heyde, M. and Bülthoff, H.H.
year	2003
title	An empirical approach to the experience of architectural space in VR - Exploring relations between features and affective appraisals of rectangular interiors
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.017
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 17-24
summary	While it is well known that the built environment influences our emotional state, it is often difficult to attribute these experiences to particular properties. In fact, a systematic investigation of the relation between physical structure and emotional experience of architecture has not yet been done. Now virtual reality simulations facilitate a completely controlled variation of spatial properties and thus allow to empirically evaluate architectural hypothesises. The aim of the presented study was to investigate which factors from a component-based description of rooms significantly correlate with cardinal dimensions of experience. In a perceptual experiment experiental qualities of 16 virtual vacant rectangular interiors were rated in eight principal categories by 16 participants using the semantic differential scaling technique. The scenes were generated by a custom made graphics tool that also automatically generated the component-based scene descriptions. The data analysis revealed several interesting correlations between scene features and rated experience: For example, a preference for ratios near to the golden section could be observed for spatial proportions, which are not directly perceivable. Altogether, a set of five independent factors (openness, two room proportions, room area and balustradeheight) appeared to be effective for widely describing the observed variance of the averaged attributed experiental qualities. Our combination of realistic virtual reality simulations and psychophysical data raising methods proved to be effective for basic architectural research. It allowed us to demonstrate quantitative relations between physical properties from a component-based description of architectural space and its emotional experience.
keywords	Experiental Qualities; Psychophysics; Correlation Analysis; Virtual Reality
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.kyb.tuebingen.mpg.de/~gf
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	sigradi2003_129
id	sigradi2003_129
authors	Gaudio, A., De Ponti, J., Nessi, S. and Sautel, S.
year	2003
title	Multimedia interactivo para la enseñanza del color: una experiencia empírica (Interactive multimedia for the teaching of color: An empirical experience)
source	SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary	Multimedia «Color Básico» has an interface that takes into account interaction levels, textual resources, icons, sound and movement, the «gestalt» of the screen, usability and its practical applications. Everything is structured to make a «knowledge interface», so that color contents are part of an interactive experience. Some aspects of design information are analyzed as part of the conclusions of an empiric research.
keywords	Interface, interaction, information design, usability, command mode
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	acadia03_036
id	acadia03_036
authors	Gerzso, J. Michael
year	2003
title	On the Limitations of Shape Grammars: Comments on Aaron Fleisher’s Article “Grammatical Architecture?”
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.279
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 279-287
summary	Shape grammars were introduced by Gips and Stiny in 1972. Since then, there have been many articles and books written by them and their associates. In 1992, Aaron Fleisher, a professor at the School of Planning, MIT, wrote a critique of their work in an article titled “Grammatical Architecture?” published in the journal Environment and Planning B. According to him, Gips, Stiny and later Mitchell, propose a hypothesis that states that shape grammars are presumed to represent knowledge of architectural form, that grammars are “formable,” and that there is a visual correspondence to verbal grammar. The strong version of “the hypothesis requires that an architectural form be equivalent to a grammar.” Fleisher considers these hypotheses unsustainable, and argues his case by analyzing the differences between language, and architecture, and by dealing with the concepts of lexicons, syntax and semantics. He concludes by stating that architectural design is negotiated in two modalities: the verbal and the visual, and that equivalences are not at issue; they do not exist. If there is such thing as a language for design, it would provide the means to maintain a discussion of the consequences in one mode, of the state and conditions of the other. Fleisher’s observations serve as the basis of this paper, a tribute to him, and also an opportunity to present an outline to an alternate approach or hypothesis to shape grammars, which is “nonlinguistic” but “generative,” in the sense that it uses production rules. A basic aspect of this hypothesis is that the only similarity between syntactic rules in language and some rules in architecture is that they are recursive.
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	acadia21_100
id	acadia21_100
authors	Ghandi, Mona; Ismail, Mohamed; Blaisdell, Marcus
year	2021
title	Parasympathy
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.100
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 100-109.
summary	Parasympathy is an interactive spatial experience operating as an extension of visitors’ minds. By integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI), wearable technologies, affective computing (Picard 1995; Picard 2003), and neuroscience, this project blurs the lines between the physical, digital, and biological spheres and empowers users’ brains to solicit positive changes from their spaces based on their real-time biophysical reactions and emotions. The objective is to deploy these technologies in support of the wellbeing of the community especially when related to social matters such as inclusion and social justice in our built environment. Consequently, this project places the users’ emotions at the very center of its space by performing real-time responses to the emotional state of the individuals within the space.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	cf2003_m_060
id	cf2003_m_060
authors	GLASER, D., VOUNG, J., XIAO, L., TAI, B., UBBELOHDE M.S., CANNY, J. and DO, E. Y.-L.
year	2003
title	LightSketch - A Sketch-Modelling Program for Lighting Analysis
source	Digital Design - Research and Practice [Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 1-4020-1210-1] Tainan (Taiwan) 13–15 October 2003, pp. 371-382
summary	This paper presents a flexible, yet powerful lighting analysis tool, LightSketch. LightSketch is a sketch-based modelling program for lighting analysis. It allows the user to draw both architectural and lighting related symbols which are converted into a 3D model for lighting visualisation. It is motivated by examining the strengths and limitations of current lighting design practices. Its use is illustrated with design scenarios.
keywords	sketch, lighting, simulation
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2004/10/04 07:49

_id	diss_2003
id	diss_2003
authors	Gorczyca, Adam
year	2003
title	Interaction of the design methods and the contemporary computer techniques
source	Faculty of Architecture, Warsaw University of Technology
summary	The thesis researches a bilateral relations between computer techniques and methods of architectural design. It represents a holistic attitude because of a multithread analysis in the field of the theory of design, a new hard- and software used by architects, and a design practice. Thesis: Contemporary computer science development at the end of the twentieth century pushed architects to use hard- and software as tools, which became an active support (more than just CAAD). It enabled to widen the scope of a form-properties research and a generation of solutions impossible to achieve before, by using traditional methods and tools. This situation leads to new, unpredictable possibilities of architectural research and design. Objectives: 1. Definition of the latest trends in computer technologies applied in architectural offices. 2. Presentation of some practical consequencies of application of those technologies in design and construction. 3. Separation of new design methods caused by use of digital tools. 4. A simplified taxonomy of the methods above, with characteristic features. 5. A research in practical application of digital tools in Polish and foreign offices, as well as at the WUT Faculty of Architecture. The subject of the work: The thesis constitutes of five chapters. The first chapter is an introduction, where the range of work is presented in the context of place, time and the research made. The following chapters research three aspects of CAAD: (1) hardware and software, (2) new definition of architecture, which is a result of application of the digital tools, (3) practical problems connected with the use of computer techniques. The second chapter describes the new technologies in use –Virtual Reality (incl. VRD, CAVE’s, Data Gloves, motion-capture), Rapid prototyping (incl. holographic printers, 3D scanners, routers, milling-machines), new types of interfaces (e.g. xWorlds, InfoSpace, Flock of birds), etc. The third chapter is a theoretical one. It presents three types of changes in design methods, which can be classified, judging by results, in architecture of: (a) in-formation (b) de-formation and (c) cyberspace. All the mentioned applications of a digital technology cause redefinition of the range of the architects’ profession. The fourth chapter is concentrated on the application and utilization of technology. It is a detailed analysis of chosen buildings (characteristic examples) and design methods used by some avant-garde and well-known practitioners and visioners of architecture (Eisenman, Gehry, Spuybroek, etc.). It also presents statistics, where the influence of digital tools on the way of working (efficiency, productivity, use of tools) is expressed numerically. A synthesis summarizes the relation between architects and the new digital tools in some aspects: hard- and software, social changes, ergonomics, methodics, linguistic/symbolic and architectural. The mentioned ranges of interaction constitute the proof of the thesis.
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2003/09/17 18:20

_id	heyligheneaae2003
id	HeylighenEAAE2003
authors	Heylighen, Ann
year	2003
title	A maintenance contract for the architect's degree - Concept, materialisation and post-occupancy
source	Ebbe Harder (ed.), Writings in Architectural Education, Transactions on architectural education No 15, EAAE/AEEA, pp.134-147
summary	Today, architecture is confronted with changing concepts of time, space and place. These changes are largely induced by the advent of the information society and in turn induce the need for entirely new ways of conceiving architectural education. It is obvious, however, that architectural education does not hold absolute sway over the need for renewal, as other domains and disciplines too are confronted with the inevitable learning society: a society in which individuals, groups and companies are learning on a permanent basis. What architectural education does hold absolute sway over – or at least should be granted a patent for – is the unique way in which it used to prepare (and still prepares) its students for practice in the design studio. Therefore, instead of throwing out the design studio with the bathwater, we consider it as an outstanding lead for pursuing the learning society within the context of architecture. Furthermore, we see ICT not only as a cause of, but at the same time as an ally in this pursuit, as it allows reinforcing the studio as “espace transitoire”. To this end, we propose to literally connect the studio with the world of practice through an on-line platform constructed of concrete cases.
keywords	Architectural education, ICT
series	journal paper
email
last changed	2004/03/25 17:54

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