CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Hits 1 to 20 of 757

_id caadria2017_182
id caadria2017_182
authors Austin, Matthew
year 2017
title The Other Digital - What is the Glitch in Architecture?
source P. Janssen, P. Loh, A. Raonic, M. A. Schnabel (eds.), Protocols, Flows, and Glitches - Proceedings of the 22nd CAADRIA Conference, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China, 5-8 April 2017, pp. 551-559
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2017.551
summary This paper will discuss and investigate the issues with the concept of 'glitch' in architecture. There are currently two definitions that sit in a symbiotic relationship with each other; Moradi's (2004) and Menkman's (2011). This paper will explore the implications of these two approaches, while investigating the possibility of a third, unique definition (the encoded transform), and what effect they have on the possibility for a 'glitch architecture'. The paper will then focus on the glitches' capacity to be disruptive within the design process. In the context of architecture, it has been previously argued that the inclusion of glitches within a design process can easily create a process that does not 'converge' to a desired design outcome, but instead shifts haphazardly within a set of family resemblances (Austin & Perin 2015). Further to this, it will be revealed that this 'divergent' quality of glitches is due to the encoded nature of architectural production.
keywords Glitch aesthetics; Theory; Algorithmic Design; Process.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id sigradi2004_292
id sigradi2004_292
authors Aline Couri Fabião
year 2004
title Vilosidades espaciais - Ambientes imersivos e interativos em rede [Space Villosities - Immersive and Interactive Environments in Network]
source SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary With the aim to explore the potential of creating spaces through the Internet, the research is based on Novak.s concepts . .Soundscapes. and .Navigable Music. . for a project that includes the production of a file sharing software (peer to peer) and chat that allows the sonorous and visual representation of the connected users, defining a virtual space, a fluid sonorous landscape, where it.s main constituent substance is the sound. An environment network with participative and collective sound and image being able to be visualized in full screen. This software is the experimental part of the MSc project (still in its initial phase) developed in the School of Communication of UFRJ, in the line of research Communication Technologies and Aesthetics.
keywords Soundscape; communication; net art; peer to peer; environment
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id disschoo
id disschoo
authors Choo, Seung Yeon
year 2004
title STUDY ON COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN SUPPORT OF TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURAL THEORIES
source Technische Universität München
summary The research presented in this thesis describes a computer-aided design support of traditional architectural theories. Traditional architectural theories in western architecture have been considered as a basis for answering the fundamental questions of architecture: proportion, symmetry, colour, harmony and so on. In particular, the aesthetic aspect of these theories has been one of many important architectural aspects, and which is concerned with the field of architecture in determining the beauty of architectural form. The most significant role of the traditional theories in architecture is to maintain unity, to avoid chaos and then to achieve harmony in a design, using some specific design principles. However, current technology-guided constructions tend to neglect often the importance of these theories due to the standardization of building elements, due to mechanically-prepared construction and the reducing completion costs, etc. Thus, this research proposes a design support system as a design assistant that gives an intelligent advice on architectural design, using analytical design- and ordering- principles of traditional theories for the optimization of the architectural design from the aesthetic perspective. To evaluate the aesthetic quality of an architectural design, this system is implemented in the AutoCAD environment, using the AutoLISP. It is applied so as to explain and develop aesthetic qualities of a design. Designs proposed by this system include optimum designs, which are based on the traditional architectural theories, and new ones which can be in future connected to information models. To do this, the definition of information about building elements is accomplished by using the neutral format EXPRESS and EXPRESS-G for such application systems. The results of the application system are presented, such as the easily generating and quickly conceptualising of an object model, the checking of the aesthetic value of the design during the various design phases, the helping to find direction during rational searching for a solution. The user can easily appreciate the usefulness of the proposed system as a set of tools for searching for rational architectural aesthetics and formal solutions at different design-stages. It is to be hoped that a new "traditional" fundamental of architecture, such as the proposed system, incorporating CAAD systems, will find its place among new technological methods in the AEC industry and so help to bridge the gap between the value of traditional architecture and CAAD systems.
keywords Aesthetics, Design Theory, Order Principle, Product Model, IFC, AutoCAD/AutoLISP
series thesis:PhD
type normal paper
email
more http://tumb1.biblio.tu-muenchen.de/publ/diss/ar/2004/choo.html
last changed 2004/05/23 07:05

_id 59ff
id 59ff
authors MacPherson, Deborah L.
year 2004
title PERCEIVING DESIGN IN VIRTUAL SPACES
source Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference of Mathematics & Design, Special Edition of the Journal of Mathematics & Design, Volume 4, No.1, pp. 271-281.
summary People used to illustrate our ideas by hand and now we use machines. But we still can’t search through all the world’s drawings and ideas by proportion, aesthetic, and a list of measurements and space requirements. Suppose there was a new way to communicate with our machines that would allow design and other subtle relationships to be measured, compared and perceived using the design intent and viewers interpretations themselves as descriptions? In the future, using a system like this will eventually create so many designs, interpretations, patterns and spaces to choose from the questions become: how would design be perceived within these virtual spaces; and how might our aesthetics change due to this new dialogue with machines?
series other
type normal paper
email
last changed 2005/04/07 15:41

_id 781d
id 781d
authors Mayer, Rosirene; Turkienicz, Benamy
year 2005
title Generative Process of Oskar Niemeyer‘s Style
source 2005 Aesthetics and Architectural Composition. Proceedings of the Dresden International Symposium of Architecture 2004 (to appear in "pro Literatur Verlag", D-82291 Mammendorf ISBN: 3-86611-022-7 / Editors: Ralf Weber/Matthias Albrecht Amann/ TU Dresden
summary The aim of this study is to outline the structure of a possible grammar of Oscar Niemeyer’s architectural language, focusing on the so-called “free forms.” The idea is to assess the extent to which it is possible to shed some light on the discussion of architectural freedom as used by many authors when describing the work of the Brazilian architect. The investigation associates geometric relations present in Niemeyer’s buildings to the Shape Grammar model as proposed by Stiny & Gips (1975). The model made possible the depiction of consistencies in vocabulary, rules and operations deployed by Niemeyer. This eventually led to the description of an original architectural language present in Niemeyer’s buildings.
keywords Shape Grammars, Oskar Niemeyer, Generative process
series other
type symposium
email
last changed 2006/10/01 08:39

_id 11cb
id 11cb
authors Oguzhan Özcan
year 2004
title MATHEMATICS AND DESIGN EDUCATION
source Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference of Mathematics & Design, Special Edition of the Journal of Mathematics & Design, Volume 4, No.1, pp. 199-203.
summary Many people believe that mathematical thought is an essential element of creativity. The origin of this idea in art dates back to Plato. Asserting that aesthetics is based on logical and mathematical rules, Plato had noticed that geometrical forms were “forms of beauty” in his late years. Unlike his contemporaries, he had stressed that the use of geometrical forms such as lines, circles, planes, cubes in a composition would aid to form an aesthetics. The rational forms of Plato and the rules of geometry have formed the basis of antique Greek art, sculpture and architecture and have influenced art and design throughout history in varying degrees. This emphasis on geometry has continued in modern design, reflected prominently by Kandinsky’s geometric classifications .

Mathematics and especially geometry have found increasing application in the computer-based design environment of our day. The computer has become the central tool in the modern design environment, replacing the brush, the paints, the pens and pencils of the artist. However, if the artist does not master the internal working of this new tool thoroughly, he can neither develop nor express his creativity. If the designer merely learns how to use a computer-based tool, he risks producing designs that appear to be created by a computer. From this perspective, many design schools have included computer courses, which teach not only the use of application programs but also programming to modify and create computer-based tools.

In the current academic educational structure, different techniques are used to show the interrelationship of design and programming to students. One of the best examples in this area is an application program that attempts to teach the programming logic to design students in a simple way. One of the earliest examples of such programs is the Topdown Programming Shell developed by Mitchell, Liggett and Tan in 1988 . The Topdown system is an educational CAD tool for architectural applications, where students program in Pascal to create architectural objects. Different examples of such educational programs have appeared since then. A recent fine example of these is the book and program called “Design by Number” by John Maeda . In that book, students are led to learn programming by coding in a simple programming language to create various graphical primitives.

However, visual programming is based largely on geometry and one cannot master the use of computer-based tools without a through understanding of the mathematical principles involved. Therefore, in a model for design education, computer-based application and creativity classes should be supported by "mathematics for design" courses. The definition of such a course and its application in the multimedia design program is the subject of this article.

series other
type normal paper
email
last changed 2005/04/07 15:36

_id caadria2015_048
id caadria2015_048
authors Austin, Matthew and Gavin Perin
year 2015
title The Other Digital
source Emerging Experience in Past, Present and Future of Digital Architecture, Proceedings of the 20th International Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2015) / Daegu 20-22 May 2015, pp. 829-838
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2015.829
summary The paper compares the implications of glitch aesthetics as an alternative digital design process to the more the commonly used algorithmic processes. It will argue the synthetic nature of architectural production in the digital age is used typically to privilege the representation of form through lines and curves, while the production of glitches rely on the image. This reliance on the image means that the pixel comes to the forefront as a possible new medium of architectural drawing. This paper therefore aims to outline the advantages and problems with using ‘glitches’ within architectural production.
keywords Glitch aesthetics; Processing; theory; algorithmic design; process.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id acadia18_36
id acadia18_36
authors Austin, Matthew; Matthews, Linda
year 2018
title Drawing Imprecision. The digital drawing as bits and pixels
source ACADIA // 2018: Recalibration. On imprecisionand infidelity. [Proceedings of the 38th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-17729-7] Mexico City, Mexico 18-20 October, 2018, pp. 36-45
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2018.036
summary This paper explores the consequences of digitizing the architectural drawing. It argues that the fundamental unit of drawing has shifted from “the line” to an interactive partnership between bits and pixels. It also reveals how the developmental focus of imaging technology has been to synthesize and imitate the line using bits and pixels, rather than to explore their innate productive value and aesthetic potential.

Referring to variations of the architectural drawing from a domestic typology, the paper uses high-precision digital tools tailored to quantitative image analysis and digital tools that sit outside the remit of architectural production, such as word processing, to present a new range of drawing techniques. By applying a series of traditional analytical procedures to the image, it reveals how these maneuvers can interrogate and dislocate any predetermined formal normalization.

The paper reveals that the interdisciplinary repurposing of precise digital toolsets therefore has explicit disciplinary consequences. These arise as a direct result of the recalibration of scale, the liberation of the bit’s representational capacity, and the pixel’s properties of color and brightness. It concludes by proposing that deliberate instances of translational imprecision are highly productive, because by liberating the fundamental qualitative properties of the fundamental digital units, these techniques shift the disciplinary agency of the architectural drawing

keywords full paper, imprecision, representation, recalibration, theory, glitch aesthetics, algorithmic design, process
series ACADIA
type paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id ascaad2004_paper14
id ascaad2004_paper14
authors Abdel Mohsen, Ashraf M.
year 2004
title Future Space Cities@Universe (Digi-City Vision)
source eDesign in Architecture: ASCAAD's First International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design, 7-9 December 2004, KFUPM, Saudi Arabia
summary A template for the future city has been carved into the heavens. Ever since the beginning of humankind, we have looked to the sky for the opportunity to make a new start in our imperfect world. Between the stars and the darkness we have imagined utopias beyond the reach of our travel technologies, colonizing space with our fantasies. Now we are in the first stages of an electronic revolution, but in the future 50 years later we will be in a mega-digital era which we have to predict, work and search for the reality of that future. Our planet is recently over loaded with different problems, such as pollution, population, nature disasters. Our vast speed of technology and the curiosity of discovering the invisible, leads to study and find out the nearest Future Space Architecture. With the vast acceleration of technology and digital life, we should start to predict the future architecture on, into or behind the Earth. This paper is one of many perceptions of life and architecture behind the Earth in the digital era, Digi-City Vision.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2007/04/08 19:47

_id ascaad2004_paper11
id ascaad2004_paper11
authors Abdelfattah, Hesham Khairy and Ali A. Raouf
year 2004
title No More Fear or Doubt: Electronic Architecture in Architectural Education
source eDesign in Architecture: ASCAAD's First International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design, 7-9 December 2004, KFUPM, Saudi Arabia
summary Operating electronic and Internet worked tools for Architectural education is an important, and merely a prerequisite step toward creating powerful tele-collabortion and tele-research in our Architectural studios. The design studio, as physical place and pedagogical method, is the core of architectural education. The Carnegie Endowment report on architectural education, published in 1996, identified a comparably central role for studios in schools today. Advances in CAD and visualization, combined with technologies to communicate images, data, and “live” action, now enable virtual dimensions of studio experience. Students no longer need to gather at the same time and place to tackle the same design problem. Critics can comment over the network or by e-mail, and distinguished jurors can make virtual visits without being in the same room as the pin-up—if there is a pin-up (or a room). Virtual design studios (VDS) have the potential to support collaboration over competition, diversify student experiences, and redistribute the intellectual resources of architectural education across geographic and socioeconomic divisions. The challenge is to predict whether VDS will isolate students from a sense of place and materiality, or if it will provide future architects the tools to reconcile communication environments and physical space.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2007/04/08 19:47

_id ascaad2004_paper5
id ascaad2004_paper5
authors Abdelhameed, Wael A.
year 2004
title A Java Program Model for Design-Idea Exploration in Three Dimensions
source eDesign in Architecture: ASCAAD's First International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design, 7-9 December 2004, KFUPM, Saudi Arabia
summary Visual Perception of depictions is the basis of the act of imagining employed in visual design thinking of design process, and consequently in design-idea exploration. Digital-media use plays a significantly important role in these exploration processes. The underlying assumption of the research is that Visual Perception affects Design-Idea Exploration processes. The research investigates and sheds more light on the processes of Visual Perception, which architects use in mass exploration of design ideas. The research is a part of a series that presents a Java program based on creating 3d shapes, in order for architects to explore initial shapes related to design ideas. The initial version of the program, which is a part of another research, creates 3d shapes through controlling their dimensions and insertion point. Functions of painting, controlling the light position, and shading are added to the program that is presented in this research. The research discusses Design-Idea Exploration and Visual Perception and their correlation. The added features of the program that is used as a design medium are also presented and linked to the investigated areas.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2007/04/08 19:47

_id 2004_090
id 2004_090
authors Abdelhameed, Wael
year 2004
title Visual Design Thinking in the Design Process as Impacted by Digital Media
source Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 90-94
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.090
summary Exploring design ideas, through two dimensional and three dimensional forms, is the basis of design exploration and visual design thinking during the design process. Imagining how drawings and models (be it manual or digital) will be presented in reality is the essence of visual design thinking. By the beginning of the 20th Century, architecture has become more three dimensional in design exploration and in representation. This transition to three dimensions makes the processes of visual design thinking more related to digital media. The nature of media, utilized by architects, affects design-exploration processes. The research investigates both the processes of visual design thinking and the interrelation between visual design thinking and digital media, in order to shed more light on how digital media should be introduced to students of architecture.
keywords Visual Design Thinking: Digital Media; Architectural Education; Design Process
series eCAADe
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id 2004_142
id 2004_142
authors Achten, Henri, Jessurun, Joran and de Vries, Bauke
year 2004
title The Desk-Cave - A Low-Cost Versatile Virtual Reality Design and Research Setup Between Desktop and CAVE
source Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 142-147
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.142
summary Virtual Reality has become an almost ubiquitous technology in many applications, but it has seen limited success in design support. Reasons for this seem to lie in lack of easily available tools, high threshold for non-programmers, and high cost of equipment. In this paper we describe a Virtual Reality environment that is developed at Design Systems called the Desk-Cave. The Desk-Cave is a low-cost VR setup that combines principles of a CAVE system with a work desk. Architecture students with no specific training in VR technology use the Desk-Cave in design projects both in the early stage and the final presentation stage. The system allows quick transfer to the Desk-Cave and architectural evaluation of design proposals.
keywords Virtual Reality, Architectural Design, Design Process, Cel Shading
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id sigradi2004_349
id sigradi2004_349
authors Adriana Simeone; Roberto Segre; José Ripper Kós
year 2004
title O processo de desenvolvimento da ferramenta cidade interativa [The Developmental Process of an Interactive City Tool]
source SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary This paper exposes site .Cidade Interativa. development process, based on: a reflection about importance of users. points of view.s incorporation for space remodelling; a study about theoretical and practical experiences which, in different ways, approached potencialities of participation of a community.s members in a project; and, finally, a investigation of propagation alternatives of individual readings as information source for urban project, trying to enhance points of view that generally remain occult in the form of invisible practices of anonymous users. This site must be understood as concretion of an idea: creating a vehicle from which is possible to become individual readings public, so that these are shared and, also, make them available to people responsible for urban projects as information source.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id sigradi2004_081
id sigradi2004_081
authors Adriane Borda Almeida da Silva; Paula Roberta Silveira; Cristina Wildt Torrezan
year 2004
title Materiais didáticos paraoensino presencial e não presencial de perspectiva [Pedagogic Materials for Distance and Face-to-face Teaching of Perspective]
source SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary The didactic activity related to the teaching of Perspective has been revised considering the possibility offered by the computing tools. This review must evaluate the potentialities of concepts and procedures related to the traditional techniques as sources for architectural graphics expression, before suggesting its suppression. It is possible to improve the accuracy and quickness controlling the visualization parameters of three-dimensional models. On the other hand, it is necessary to explore the development of the ability to construct quick hand made perspectives (sketches). This work searches for the development of a structure to the teaching process, which emphasizes the potentiality of both ways, traditional and computerized. It explores the flexibility of teaching, from face to face to distance learning, and introduces an enlarged structure of knowledge able to support the traditional and also a computerized process of representation.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id sigradi2004_192
id sigradi2004_192
authors Adrián J. Levy
year 2004
title Espacios 4-d animados - Arquitectura de la música [4-D Animated Spaces - The Architecture of Music]
source SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary This project involves the creation of an architecture of music which may be defined as a series of interdisciplinary steps which seek to generate four-dimensional virtual spaces for the materialization of music. This materialization uses music as its .genetic information ., the virtual space as its medium, and the execution time of the musical piece as the fourth dimension to a three-dimensional virtual space. Within this space, each instrument.s execution is represented by a shape whose properties undergo changes resulting from the musical information. Through the use of new Virtual Reality techniques, we will soon have the possibility to be inside the music, as a habitable place. The achievement of this project is to provide the opportunity to experience this representation through virtual animation.
keywords Architecture of music, navigable music, cyberspace, four-dimensional, animation
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id ascaad2004_paper4
id ascaad2004_paper4
authors Ahmad, Sumbul and Scott C. Chase
year 2004
title Design Generation of the Central Asian Caravanserai
source eDesign in Architecture: ASCAAD's First International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design, 7-9 December 2004, KFUPM, Saudi Arabia
summary Challenges for the study of Islamic architecture include its abundance and diversity in expression and its classification based on distinct functional or stylistic types. We address these issues by presenting shape grammars as a methodology for the analysis and design generation of Islamic architecture, with a specific example in the form of a parametric shape grammar for central Asian caravanserais. The grammar is developed by identifying distinct design types. Shape rules are created based on a study of the spatial elements and their organisation in the designs. We illustrate the utility of the grammar by deriving an extant design and as well as, previously unknown designs. We conclude by discussing possible extensions to the current grammar and future work involving the development of a grammar based framework for the comparative analysis of medieval Islamic courtyard buildings.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2007/04/08 19:47

_id sigradi2004_254
id sigradi2004_254
authors Airton Cattani
year 2004
title Recursos de animação digital para aprendizagem de leitura de plantas [Digital Animation Resources for Learning the Understanding of Architectural Drawings]
source SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary This paper discusses the evolution of the technical resources employed in a website destined for the professional formation of constructors workers throught the interpretation of plans. Developed as a doctoral thesis in the Ph.D. program of Information Technology in Education, the reconstruction of the website is assimilating new resourses of digital animation, allowing a richer and more significative interaction, acording to the principles of Piaget's theory on constructivism that oriented the project's development.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id ddss2004_ra-19
id ddss2004_ra-19
authors Akamine, A. and A. Nélson Rodrigues da Silva
year 2004
title An Evaluation of Neural Spatial Interaction Models Based on a Practical Application
source Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-2408-8, p. 19-32
summary One of the serious problems faced by the Brazilian municipalities is the scarcity of resources for building education infrastructure. This asks for an optimal allocation of the available resources that includes, among other things, a rational spatial arrangement of the supply points (i.e., schools) in order to increase the demand coverage (i.e., students). If it is possible to foresee the regions where the demand is going to be concentrated, it is then possible to plan the location of new facilities and to assess the impact on the future level of service of the entire system. Considering that one of the consequences of the location-allocation process is the distribution of trips from demand points to supply points throughout the city, therefore affecting the overall intraurban accessibility conditions to essential services such as education, there is a strong need of models that planners can rely on to predict the future trip distribution patterns. As a result, the objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) when applied to spatial interaction models, the so-called Neural Spatial Interaction Models. This was done in a practical context, in contrast to the more theoretical works commonly found in literature. The practical application showed that the neural spatial interaction model had different performances when compared to the traditional gravity models. In one case the neural models outperformed the gravity models, while on the other case it was just the opposite. The explanation for this may be in the data or in the ANN model formulation, as discussed in the conclusions.
keywords Artificial Neural Networks, Spatial Interaction Models, Education Infrastructure
series DDSS
last changed 2004/07/03 22:13

_id ascaad2004_paper17
id ascaad2004_paper17
authors Al-Attili, Aghlab A. and Richard D. Coyne
year 2004
title Embodiment and Illusion: The Implications of Scale as a Cue for Immersion in Virtual Environments
source eDesign in Architecture: ASCAAD's First International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design, 7-9 December 2004, KFUPM, Saudi Arabia
summary This paper examines the extent to which the issue of scale impinges on our sense of immersion in virtual environments. We consider perception from the point of view of Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology, and describe a study involving extended interviews of a small number of subjects who were presented with static, moving and interactive images of spaces. We test a series of propositions about scale cues, and speculate on the wider phenomenological issues of expectation, metaphor and play.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2007/04/08 19:47

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