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CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	2df1
authors	Woodbury, Robert F.
year	1986
title	Strategies for Interactive Design Systems
source	20 p. : ill. Pittsburgh, PA: Engineering Design Research Center, September, 1986. EDRC-48-02-87.
summary	An information processing model of human problem solving is used to develop strategies for the design of systems for the interactive generation of designs. Systems of this type are currently not strongly developed anywhere, nor does there exist in the literature a paradigm for their creation. Design is a task which requires different interactive support than that traditionally provided by CAD systems. In this paper, those differences are uncovered by comparison of two tasks: one, named Definition in this paper, which seems to be well supported by existing systems; and the other, the task of Design. Use of an information processing model of human problem solving shows that differences between the tasks can be found in every potentially variant portion of the model. The information processing model is again used as a framework to propose mechanisms to support design. These mechanisms act by changing the underlaying phenomena upon which the information processing model is built and thus effecting changes, either parametric or structural, in the model. The relative importance of the proposed mechanisms is discussed, leading to the conclusion that the interactive support of search is the most strategic direction for future research
keywords	design process, problem solving, research, techniques, user interface, systems
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	69c7
authors	Woodbury, Robert F.
year	1986
title	VEGA : A Geometric Modelling System
source	11 p. : ill. Engineering Design Research Center, CMU, April 1986. DRC-48-03-87. includes bibliography
summary	VEGA is a program which models rigid solid objects in three dimensions. Specifically, its domain is assemblies of planar faced polyhedra. VEGA supports a variety of operations to create, modify, query and delete these assemblies. VEGA is intended to serve two purposes: that of a new medium of representation for the design process; and of a programming package to support geometric applications in a wide variety of domains. Here the author addresses primarily the first of these purposes, that of a new medium for design. Designers of physical objects use an external medium, traditionally paper or physical models, not only to record their work, but to provide information which assists in the understanding of implications of design decisions. Designers proceed by performing operations, which reflect internal design decisions, on this external medium. The operations used in design are generally reflective of these physical media. For example, models built of clay tend to be formed by a subtractive processes, whereas models built of wood tend to be additive in nature. Designers who use drawings as their medium still tend to use operations which reflect operations on physical models. Computers provide the fascinating potential to provide a much wider variety of operations at a much greater speed than is available with the traditional means of representation. In addition, a computer based representation can provide quantitative information not easily accessible from traditional forms. This opens the potential for the inclusion of formal means of evaluation in the design process; something which is generally almost absent in traditional design teaching. A computer program which effectively and 'naturally' models physical objects and operations on them would be a valuable assistance to both the teaching and practice design. VEGA has been designed with these objectives in mind. VEGA represents physical objects with a scheme known as boundary representation and provides a wide variety of operations on these objects. VEGA also provides means to associate other, non-geometric, information with the objects it represents. VEGA is implemented under the ANDREW system. It communicates to ANDREW through a graphics package, also developed by the author's group. VEGA is intended to serve as a medium for future studio courses in the Architecture, Industrial Design and Arts education
keywords	geometric modeling, solid modeling, CAD, education, assemblies, B-rep, systems
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/06/02 10:24

_id	a021
authors	Woodbury, Robert F.
year	1990
title	Variations in Solids : A Declarative Treatment
source	Computers and Graphics. April, 1990. Vol. 14: 40 p. : ill. includes bibliography
summary	Underlying the notions of variational geometry, design prototypes, features, and representation of assemblies seems to be a common concept of variations. This paper develops the core of a monotonically declarative system for variations on solids. It introduces a set of language constructs that are the basis for ASCEND, an object oriented equation solving language. It presents equations for representing certain spatial relationships between primitive geometric elements. Using plex grammar notation it develops a set of Euler operators that are monotonic in the strict sense required by the ASCEND language. These operators are collectively shown to generate representations for all plane models of 2-manifold objects and to generate only such representations. Finally it presents the core of a system for variations using the ASCEND language to implement both equation models and the new Euler operators
keywords	prototypes, features, assemblies, representation, solid modeling, OOPS, languages, Euler operators, systems
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	acadia23_v2_154
id	acadia23_v2_154
authors	Woodhouse, Alex; Crawford, Scott; Callahan, Bryant
year	2023
title	The Future of Architectural Documentation: Harnessing Computational Design for Effective Project Delivery
source	ACADIA 2023: Habits of the Anthropocene: Scarcity and Abundance in a Post-Material Economy [Volume 2: Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Conference for the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9891764-0-3]. Denver. 26-28 October 2023. edited by A. Crawford, N. Diniz, R. Beckett, J. Vanucchi, M. Swackhamer 154-163.
summary	The Ocean Pavilion, located in Seattle, Washington (Figure 1), represents a contempo- rary case study of computation’s impact on effective communication and delivery of built architecture, and how these tools are questioning the habits of traditional architectural practice. A byproduct of a decade of applied research, the Ocean Pavilion illustrates a wide range of methods in which computational investigations have expanded the ability and capacity of the designers to effectively engage with consultants, contractors, and tradespeople, when compared to industry standards.Through the lens of four distinct design elements, this paper highlights moments of innovation, where computational tools and interoperability streamlined delivery of complex forms, proposed unconventional construction techniques, and enabled self-performed fabrication. With the Coral Canyon, a highly complex aquatic habitat located within the Ocean Pavilion, it navigates structural demands, rockwork and exhibit criteria, and advanced means and methods, in delivering a highly calibrated parametric model that becomes the single source of truth. Lessons learned there informed documentation for the exterior wood rainscreen, where tradi- tional architectural drawings proved inadequate in accurately communicating design intent. A third element internalizes the comprehensive design process, with the architect team self-performing fabrication. Lastly, the art soffit imbues the traditional crafts of an Indigenous Artist with computational know-how of the design team. Although differing in execution, underlying motives of collaboration and digital dissemination of knowledge are consistent throughout, offering a compelling story of computation’s impact on the Ocean Pavilion.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2024/12/20 09:12

_id	0220
authors	Woodwark, J.R.
year	1988
title	Eliminating Redundant Primitives from Set- Theoretic Solid Models by a Consideration of Constituents
source	16 p. : ill. Winchester: IBM UK Scientific Center, IBM United Kingdom Laboratories Limited, April, 1988. IBM UKSC Report 188. includes bibliography
summary	Set-theoretic solid models often contain redundant primitives, which slow down rendering and other processes. They are not simple to remove, especially as there can be alternative eliminations that may not be equally desirable. There has been recent progress towards solving this problem, but existing techniques for eliminating such redundant primitives do not fully consider the possibilities and rely on repeated evaluation of parts of the object's boundary, a process that is likely to be very slow. This article proposes a technique that allows alternative eliminations to be examined, and outlines a potentially efficient, but geometrically approximate, method of implementation
keywords	solid modeling, CSG, primitives, algorithms
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	44de
authors	Woodwark, J.R.
year	1988
title	Shape Models in Computer-Integrated Manufacture : A Review
source	18 p. Winchester: IBM UK Scientific Center, IBM United Kingdom Laboratories Limited, January, 1988. IBM UKSC Report 183. includes bibliography
summary	Existing computer-aided manufacturing systems are based on models of shape tailored to a particular process. Computer- integrated manufacture involves many different processes, and hence requires more complete models of components or assemblies. This can be provided by solid modelling techniques extended to include extra data related to manufacture such as form features and tolerances. These developments are being applied to many manufacturing processes, from casting to assembly, but profound questions remain concerning both the structure and the use of shape models in manufacture
keywords	CAM, geometric modeling, systems
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	2786
authors	Woodwark, J.R.
year	1989
title	Splitting Set-Theoretic Solid Models into Connected Components
source	10 p. : ill. Winchester: IBM UK Scientific Center, IBM United Kingdom Laboratories Limited, June, 1989. IBM UKSC 210. includes bibliography In general, there is no way to tell how many pieces (connected components) a set-theoretic (CSG) solid model represents, except via conversion to a boundary model. Recent work on the elimination of redundant primitives has been linked with techniques for identifying connected components in quad-trees and oct-trees into a strategy to attack this problem. Some success has been achieved, and an experimental Prolog program, working in two dimensions, that finds connected components and determines the set-theoretic representation of each component, is reported, and further developments proposed. CSG / quadtree / octree / primitives / algorithms. 43. Woodwark, J. R. and Quinlan K. M. 'Reducing the Effect of Complexity on Volume Model Evaluation.' Computer Aided Design. April, 1982. pp. 89-95 : ill. includes bibliography.
summary	A major problem with volume modelling systems is that processing times may increase with model complexity in a worse than linear fashion. The authors have addressed this problem, for picture generation, by repeatedly dividing the space occupied by a model, and evaluating the sub-models created only when they meet a criterion of simplicity. Hidden surface elimination has been integrated with evaluation, in such a way that major portions of the model which are not visible are never evaluated. An example demonstrates a better than linear relationship between model complexity and computation time, and also shows the effect of picture complexity on the performance of the process
keywords	CAD, computational geometry, solid modeling, geometric modeling, algorithms, hidden surfaces, CSG
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	517caadria2004
id	517caadria2004
authors	Wookhyun Yeo, Yasuyuki Yuda, Sooyeon Oh, Atsuko Kaga, Tsuyoshi Sasada, Reika Sato
year	2004
title	The Development of an Environmental Design Helping System Using Real-Time Simulationguide
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.947
source	CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 947-956
summary	We developed a synthetic environment design system which not only checks the design but can also create design in realtime. This is significant since there has yet been no existing tool that can accomplish such a task. Along with the development of the tool, we are currently refining the system by applying it to the China Qingdao Jiaonan City Environmental Design Project.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	96cf
authors	Woolley, B.
year	1992
title	Virtual Worlds: A Journey in Hype and Hyperreality
source	Oxford: Blackwell
summary	In Virtual Worlds, Benjamin Woolley examines the reality of virtual reality. He looks at the dramatic intellectual and cultural upheavals that gave birth to it, the hype that surrounds it, the people who have promoted it, and the dramatic implications of its development. Virtual reality is not simply a technology, it is a way of thinking created and promoted by a group of technologists and thinkers that sees itself as creating our future. Virtual Worlds reveals the politics and culture of these virtual realists, and examines whether they are creating reality, or losing their grasp of it.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	c1c6
authors	Woolsey, Ch., Hooper, S.K. and Curtis, G.
year	1987
title	VizAbility
source	PWS Publishing, San Francisco
summary	The handbook provides you with a broad conceptual overview of visual thinking by guiding you through the interactive experiences of VizAbility(tm). It parallels the structure of the CD-ROM, providing a context for your reflections and comments on these experiences and for analysis of their implications. Although the VizAbility(tm) Handbook can be read on its own and still provide valuable insight, it is designed to interact with the VizAbility(tm) CD-ROM. The intent is to integrate the three components so as to encourage you to move fluidly between the different media to explore, experience, and extend your visual abilities.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	c0ac
authors	Wormald, P.W.
year	1997
title	An Enquiry into the Present And Future Role of Three Dimensional Computer Modeling as the Primary Modeling Medium for Industrial Designers
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1997.257
source	CAADRIA ‘97 [Proceedings of the Second Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 957-575-057-8] Taiwan 17-19 April 1997, pp. 257-266
summary	The role and importance of computer aided design for industrial design is growing. Computer modeling is increasingly in demand by clients because of the downstream benefits it can bring. The creation and manipulation of three dimensional form is central to an industrial designer during the design and development of new products. The paper addresses industrial design’s relationship with computer aided modeling, particularly three dimensional geometry. Design students and professionals have been observed using current computer aided design applications. Designers’ approaches and attitudes towards computer modeling have been identified. The future impact of computer aided modeling within industrial design activity and subsequent need for change, both in education and professional practice, are highlighted.
series	CAADRIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_446
id	ecaadesigradi2019_446
authors	Worre Foged, Isak, Pasold, Anke and Pelosini, Tommaso
year	2019
title	Material Studies for Thermal Responsive Composite Envelopes
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.207
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 207-214
summary	The material-based studies examine through computation and physical prototyping layered composites for thermal responsive building envelopes. Focus is placed on surveying and computing a large series of materials across four groups, for then to test these materials from factors of solar energy reception capacities, internal heating methods, heat isolation coatings and layer bonding. An oak-polyethylene structure is developed based on the first studies and further tested towards implementation as part of an adaptive envelope demonstrator, with these studies focused on fabrication and assembly methods. Results of the developed, tested and applied composite as part of an adaptive envelope shows that the environmental-material composite is strongly influenced by colour and direct solar radiation exposure. This in turn allow a material-fabrication approach to program a responsive system driven by exergy. Reinforcing the responsive reaction of the composite by internal heating does not advance the performance, as coatings are needed to maintain the heat inside the material, which adds weight and isolate the composite from the thermal environment that otherwise is intended to provide the energy for driving the responsive behaviour. Please write your abstract here by clicking this paragraph.
keywords	Material Studies; Thermal Responsive; Composites; Building Envelopes
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ecaade2024_243
id	ecaade2024_243
authors	Worre Foged, Isak; Sparre-Petersen, Maria; Fragkia, Vasiliki
year	2024
title	Rearticulated Architectural Glass - A computational method and model for the organisation of reused glass
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2024.1.235
source	Kontovourkis, O, Phocas, MC and Wurzer, G (eds.), Data-Driven Intelligence - Proceedings of the 42nd Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2024), Nicosia, 11-13 September 2024, Volume 1, pp. 235–244
summary	This research project investigates how glass from existing buildings can be extracted, redesigned and re-used through computational design and fabrication methods. Glass is a fundamental building component in the built environment, and at the same time the material with the highest environmental footprint per kg. With the current trend of a high glass-to-opaque building façade ratio, glass remains a central, important and problematic material for architecture. The studies are focused on experimental methods through material studies, computational studies and the making and observation of a full-scale demonstrator structure from harvested building glass. The method (water jet technology) proposed extracts around 90% of the glass, with the articulation method (sandblasting) providing significant transformation capabilities by re-designing the light, thermal and reflection properties with minimal removal of the material by computational models.
keywords	Glass, Generative Design, Environmental Design, Simulation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/11/17 22:05

_id	ecaade2015_318
id	ecaade2015_318
authors	Wortmann, Thomas and Tuncer, Bige
year	2015
title	Performative Design and Fabrication of a Parametric Wall Screen for Tropical Climates - A Modular Approach
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2015.2.521
source	Martens, B, Wurzer, G, Grasl T, Lorenz, WE and Schaffranek, R (eds.), Real Time - Proceedings of the 33rd eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria, 16-18 September 2015, pp. 521-530
summary	We have developed a modular approach to the parametric design of a patterned façade for tropical climates, using a “lighter” data set and model that integrates a number of performance considerations. This modular approach separates the façade's design into form, façade pattern, façade density requirements, and façade components, and reintegrates these aspects via a triangular mesh, represented as a fast and convenient data structure based on half-edges. Through this separation, the design team can simultaneously work on the architectural appearance of the design, its performance, and its fabrication, while retaining holistic control through the constant reintegration of design changes via the half-edge data structure. In this way, we retain the advantages of a parametrically driven design process, such as automatic design generation and the integration of performance aspects, while permitting more flexible and non-sequential design explorations by different members of the design team.
wos	WOS:000372316000059
series	eCAADe
email
more	https://mh-engage.ltcc.tuwien.ac.at/engage/ui/watch.html?id=8d6a4092-6e8f-11e5-9937-97af6c862566
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ecaade2018_279
id	ecaade2018_279
authors	Wortmann, Thomas, Akbar, Zuardin and Schroepfer, Thomas
year	2018
title	Surveying Fitness Landscapes with Performance Explorer - Supporting the Design of a Better Tomorrow with Interactive Visualizations
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2018.1.621
source	Kepczynska-Walczak, A, Bialkowski, S (eds.), Computing for a better tomorrow - Proceedings of the 36th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland, 19-21 September 2018, pp. 621-630
summary	Increasing applications of parametric design and performance simulations by architectural designers present opportunities to design more resource- and energy-efficient buildings via simulation-based optimization. But Architectural Design Optimization (ADO) is less widespread that one might expect, due to, among other challenges, the problematic integration of optimization with architectural design. This problematic integration stems from a contrast between "wicked" or "co-evolving" architectural design problems and optimization problems. To mitigate the contrast between architectural and optimization problems, this paper presents Performance Explorer, an interactive, visual tool for performance-informed design space exploration (DSE). Performance-informed DSE emphasizes selection, refinement, and understanding over finding highest-performing design candidates. Performance Explorer allows interactive DSE via a visualization of a fitness landscape, with real-time feedback provided with a surrogate model. Performance Explorer is evaluated through a user test with thirty participants and emerges as more supportive and enjoyable to use than manual search and/or optimization.
keywords	Architectural Design Optimization; Performance-informed Design; Interactive Visualization; Design Tool
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ecaade2016_072
id	ecaade2016_072
authors	Wortmann, Thomas
year	2016
title	Surveying Design Spaces with Performance Maps - A Multivariate Visualization Method for Parametric Design and Architectural Design Optimization
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2016.2.239
source	Herneoja, Aulikki; Toni Österlund and Piia Markkanen (eds.), Complexity & Simplicity - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 22-26 August 2016, pp. 239-248
summary	This paper presents a novel method to visualize high dimensional parametric design spaces with applications in computational design space exploration. Specifically, the visualization method presented here supports the understanding of design problems in architectural design optimization by allowing designers to move between a high dimensional design space and a low dimensional "performance map". This performance map displays the characteristics of the fitness landscape, develops designers' intuitions about the relationships between design parameters and performance, allows designers to examine promising design variants and delineates promising areas for further design exploration.
wos	WOS:000402064400023
keywords	Fitness Landscape; Design Space Exploration; Multivariate Visualization; Optimization; Star Coordinates
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ijac201715103
id	ijac201715103
authors	Wortmann, Thomas
year	2017
title	Surveying design spaces with performance maps: A multivariate visualization method for parametric design and architectural design optimization
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 15 - no. 1, 38-53
summary	This article presents a method to visualize high-dimensional parametric design spaces with applications in computational design processes and interactive optimization. The method extends Star Coordinates using a triangulation-based interpolation with Barycentric Coordinates. It supports the understanding of design problems in architectural design optimization by allowing designers to move between a high-dimensional design space and a low-dimensional Performance Map. This Performance Map displays the characteristics of the fitness landscape, develops designers’ intuitions about the relationships between design parameters and performance, allows designers to examine promising design variants, and delineates promising areas for further design exploration.
keywords	Fitness landscape, design space exploration, multivariate visualization, optimization, Star Coordinates
series	other
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2019/08/02 08:25

_id	ecaade2018_w06
id	ecaade2018_w06
authors	Wortmann, Thomas
year	2018
title	Beyond Genetic Algorithms - Understanding Simulation-based Optimization
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2018.1.073
source	Kepczynska-Walczak, A, Bialkowski, S (eds.), Computing for a better tomorrow - Proceedings of the 36th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland, 19-21 September 2018, pp. 73-74
summary	This workshop introduces simulation-based (i.e., black-box) optimization algorithms in Grasshopper in terms of their optimization strategies and performance. Through benchmarking on example problems defined by the participants, the workshop questions the almost exclusive reliance on Genetic Algorithms in Architectural Design Optimization.
keywords	Simulation-based Optimization; Genetic Algorithms; Benchmarking
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	a05c
authors	Wowo, Ding and Ziyu, Tong
year	2000
title	A New Method for Structuring the Rural Settlement
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2000.065
source	CAADRIA 2000 [Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 981-04-2491-4] Singapore 18-19 May 2000, pp. 65-75
summary	As we have known that natural villages were grown up with their own environment and social structure, in terms of form language they are in random process but in the level duality of village structure they have certain regularity. By using the computer technique we designed a simulator program with environmental parameters and used this program to grow up a village. This village could be similar to the natural village and its space form will not only relate to physical environmental factor but also to local people's method of choosing the land.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	d5fd
authors	Wright, R. M.
year	1990
title	The Use of Computer Simulation for Decision Making in Urban Design
source	The City of the 21st Century. M. Pihlak. Tempe, Arizona St. University
summary	Contributed by Susan Pietsch (spietsch@arch.adelaide.edu.au)
keywords	3D City Modeling, Development Control, Design Control
series	other
last changed	2001/06/04 20:41

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