Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	acadia07_040
id	acadia07_040
authors	Hyde, Rory
year	2007
title	Punching Above Your Weight: Digital Design Methods and Organisational Change in Small Practice
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2007.040
source	Expanding Bodies: Art • Cities• Environment [Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 978-0-9780978-6-8] Halifax (Nova Scotia) 1-7 October 2007, 40-47
summary	Expanding bodies of knowledge imply expanding teams to manage this knowledge. Paradoxically, it can be shown that in situations of complexity—which increasingly characterise the production of architecture generally—the small practice or small team could be at an advantage. This is due to the increasingly digital nature of the work undertaken and artefacts produced by practices, enabling production processes to be augmented with digital toolsets and for tight project delivery networks to be forged with other collaborators and consultants (Frazer 2006). Furthermore, as Christensen argues, being small may also be desirable, as innovations are less likely to be developed by large, established companies (Christensen 1997). By working smarter, and managing the complexity of design and construction, not only can the small practice “punch above its weight” and compete with larger practices, this research suggests it is a more appropriate model for practice in the digital age. This paper demonstrates this through the implementation of emerging technologies and strategies including generative and parametric design, digital fabrication, and digital construction. These strategies have been employed on a number of built and un-built case-study projects in a unique collaboration between RMIT University’s SIAL lab and the award-winning design practice BKK Architects.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	acadia07_110
id	acadia07_110
authors	Kwee, Verdy
year	2007
title	Architecture on Digital Flatland: Opportunities for Presenting Architectural Precedence
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2007.110
source	Expanding Bodies: Art • Cities• Environment [Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 978-0-9780978-6-8] Halifax (Nova Scotia) 1-7 October 2007, 110-119
summary	The importance of precedent-based learning in architecture is well recognised by education researchers. Therefore, attention needs to be paid to the sources of building information and their presentation. This paper provides an overview of a research project that deals with the delivery of information of notable buildings specifi cally on computer screen for the purpose of accessibility to the wider public in general, and architectural students in particular. The paper highlights the critical need to reassess the effectiveness of current available publications. Apart from their traditional print format, architectural publications of design precedents are also swiftly advancing into the digital platform. This platform’s potential to contribute to in-depth learning within the discipline has to be explored and exploited. This paper describes an illustrative prototype digital interactive system that explores the potential of visual content and digital capabilities to showcase and present architecture on digital ‘flatland.’ It adopts Murcutt, Lewin and Lark’s, The Arthur and Yvonne Boyd Education Centre in New South Wales, Australia for the model, while outlining the aims, process, and considerations for its implementation. Finally, it reports on a general assessment of responses from a focus group.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	acadia07_284
id	acadia07_284
authors	Robinson, Kirsten; Gorbet, Robert; Beesley, Philip
year	2007
title	Evolving Cooperative Behaviour in a Reflexive Membrane
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2007.284
source	Expanding Bodies: Art • Cities• Environment [Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 978-0-9780978-6-8] Halifax (Nova Scotia) 1-7 October 2007, 284-293
summary	This paper describes the integration of machine intelligence into an immersive architectural sculpture that interacts dynamically with users and the environment. The system is conceived to function as an architectural envelope that might transfer air using a distributed array of components. The sculpture includes a large array of interconnected miniature structural and kinetic elements, each with local sensing, actuation, and machine intelligence. We demonstrate a model in which these autonomous, interconnected agents develop cooperative behaviour to maximize airflow. Agents have access to sensory data about their local environment and ‘learn’ to move air through the working of a genetic algorithm. Introducing distributed and responsive machine intelligence builds on work done on evolving embodied intelligence (Floreano et al. 2004) and architectural ‘geotextile’ sculptures by Philip Beesley and collaborators (Beesley et al. 1996-2006). The paper contributes to the general field of interactive art by demonstrating an application of machine intelligence as a design method. The objective is the development of coherent distributed kinetic building envelopes with environmental control functions. A cultural context is included, discussing dynamic paradigms in responsive architecture.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	ecaade2007_222
id	ecaade2007_222
authors	Turkienicz, Benamy; Bellaver, Bábara; Grazziotin, Pablo
year	2007
title	CityZoom
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2007.375
source	Predicting the Future [25th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-6-5] Frankfurt am Main (Germany) 26-29 September 2007, pp. 375-382
summary	In the last twenty years, computer tools have progressively enabled the modeling of buildings and cities in lesser time and cost, along with an increase in the results quality. A city modeled according to planning regulations usually present a correlation between plots and buildings dimensions. The representation of such correlation for a large number of plots requires repetitive work, thus suggesting the use of a computational tool to perform the task. Existing CAD, GIS, and VR software can generate accurate representations of the reality, but have no capabilities to simulate the impact of alternative urban regulations for large number of plots in a short period of time. CityZoom is a Decision Support System for urban planning, with a specific built-in city model, where data is represented in an object-oriented model representing the urban structure. CityZoom not only provide CAD tools, but a shell where different performance models can operate iteratively. It can simulate given urban regulations applied to a set of urban plots, as well as address environmental comfort issues such as shadow casting between buildings. Results can be displayed as tables, graphs, and in a 3D preview of the whole city or part of it. It’s also possible to export them to commercial GIS tools, to perform different data analysis. The graphical outputs make for an easy understanding of the results by laymen, an important feature for participatory planning, while the display of the correspondent numerical data enable correlations with indicators and parameters of urban quality.
keywords	CityZoom, urban planning, building simulation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ecaade2007_143
id	ecaade2007_143
authors	Ulmer, Andreas; Halatsch, Jan; Kunze, Antje; Müller, Pascal; Gool, Luc Van
year	2007
title	Procedural Design of Urban Open Spaces
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2007.351
source	Predicting the Future [25th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-6-5] Frankfurt am Main (Germany) 26-29 September 2007, pp. 351-358
summary	This paper presents a novel approach for the automatic creation of vegetation scenarios in real or virtual 3D cities in order to simplify the complex design process and time consuming modeling tasks in urban landscape planning. We introduce shape grammars as a practical tool for the rule-based generation of urban open spaces. The automatically generated designs can be used for pre-visualization, master planning, guided design variation and digital content creation in general (e.g. for the entertainment industry). In a first step, we extend the CGA shape grammar by Müller et al. (2006) with urban planning operations. In a second step, we employ the possibilities of shape grammars to encode design patterns (Alexander et al., 1977). Therefore, we propose several examples of design patterns allowing for an intuitive high-level placement of objects common in urban open spaces (e.g. plants). Furthermore, arbitrary interactions between distinct instances of the vegetation and the urban environment can be encoded. With the resulting system, the designer can efficiently vegetate landscape and city parks, alleys, gardens, patios and even single buildings by applying the corresponding shape grammar rules. Our results demonstrate the procedural design process on two practical example scenarios, each one covering a different scale and different contexts of planning. The first example illustrates a derivation of the Garden of Versailles and the second example describes the usage of high-level rule sets to generate a suburbia model.
keywords	City modeling, design methodology, generative design, simulation, virtual environments
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ddss2008-01
id	ddss2008-01
authors	Viejo García, Pablo; Christian Keim
year	2008
title	Simulation model of heat and power demand in aGerman region until 2030Stuttgart Metropolitan Region as case study
source	H.J.P. Timmermans, B. de Vries (eds.) 2008, Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, ISBN 978-90-6814-173-3, University of Technology Eindhoven, published on CD
summary	Energy demand is a major concern for the future of European Cities. Resource availability and costs, climate change, and their consequences are directly related with the energy consumption in our cities. In 2007 already more than half of the world population live in cities, and cities are the main consumers of energy. The model presented in this paper explores the possibility of estimate the demand of end energy (heat and power) by simulating with a cellular automaton land use changes in a German region, in this case, Stuttgart Metropolitan Region. Several approaches deal with problems due to data availability, non-spatial information sources, aggregation levels, quality and consistence of data, among others. This case study shows that a non-deterministic simulation model of energy demand related to urban growth is already feasible, with several constraints. Otherwise, the energy demand calculations differ in great manner depending on consumption sectors (residential, commercial, industrial, transport) and all these calculation models should be further improved. Software and hardware constraints have been as well identified, and stressed in the conclusions.
keywords	Complex systems, Self-organisation, Cellular automata, Geographical information systems, land-use change, end energy demand, energy planning systems
series	DDSS
last changed	2008/09/01 17:06

_id	acadia07_222
id	acadia07_222
authors	Woodbury, Robert; Aish, Robert; Kilian, Axel
year	2007
title	Some Patterns for Parametric Modeling
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2007.222
source	Expanding Bodies: Art • Cities• Environment [Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 978-0-9780978-6-8] Halifax (Nova Scotia) 1-7 October 2007, 222-229
summary	Patterns express generic solutions to a well-described problem. In parametric modeling patterns can be used to describe a “tactical” level of work, above mechanics and below design. We describe three patterns and show how they can be used through an example model.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ecaade2007_226
id	ecaade2007_226
authors	Agger, Kristian; Lassen, Michael; Knudsen, Nikolaj; Borup, Ruben; Rimestad, Jens; Norholdt, Peter; Bramsen, Nikolaj
year	2007
title	B-processor
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2007.043
source	Predicting the Future [25th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-6-5] Frankfurt am Main (Germany) 26-29 September 2007, pp. 43-50
summary	The B-processor is a redesign of the digital building information modelling/managing concept: Addressing the whole building industry participants and all phases in the building process. Offering a new “standard” for digital building information structure with generic modelling and evaluation tools in the B-model kernel. Plug-in structure for free extension of the B-processor system by the Building Industry. Kernel prototyped in Java to be downloaded for free – open source.
keywords	Digital applications in construction, digital fabrication and construction, prediction and evaluation, design methodology, generative design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2007_283
id	caadria2007_283
authors	Ambrose, Michael A.
year	2007
title	BIM and Integrated Practice as Provocateurs of Design Education
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2007.x.l3j
source	CAADRIA 2007 [Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Nanjing (China) 19-21 April 2007
summary	Building Information Modeling (BIM) obfuscates the role of composition, scale and abstraction by displacing the primacy of abstract conventions of representation with a methodology based on simulation. BIM subverts, while simultaneously clarifying, the holistic relationships of the parts to the whole in the architectural design of form and space. Architectural design education has great opportunity and risk in how it comes to terms with re-conceptualizing design education pedagogy as the profession struggles to redefine the media and methods of architectural deliverables in the age of BIM. The paper examines the foundation issues proposed by Integrated Practice. The paper questions how BIM and modeled simulation of architectural assemblage might transcend current definitions of convention in design and construction representation. This paper explores how the academy might prepare students of architecture for a digital practice that focuses on the virtual building model and database management. BIM and Integrated Practice viewed as provocateurs of design education provide great potential for critical analysis of how architectural design is taught. The associated pedagogies are transforming the way in which architectural education engages issues of design and representation and creates opportunities to question the roles and rules of traditional conventions. The paper seeks to engage issues of design specificity and ambiguity related to the assets and liabilities of digital modeling as the primary means of design and representation that BIM represents.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	sigradi2007_af77
id	sigradi2007_af77
authors	Amorim Côrtes, Marta; Arivaldo Leão de Amorim
year	2007
title	Digital Photogrammetric Restitution of the Pelourinho’s Façades, in Salvador - Bahia, Brazil [Restituição fotogramétrica digital das fachadas do pelourinho, Salvador – Bahia, Brasil]
source	SIGraDi 2007 - [Proceedings of the 11th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] México D.F. - México 23-25 October 2007, pp. 375-379
summary	Brazil has so many historical cities with important architectural heritage. Some of them are remains of the colonial times and aggregate beautiful buildings such as, palaces, public buildings and churches in baroque style, legacy of the Portuguese colonization. Despite of its cultural value, most of these building sets are under several kinds of threats. This paper discusses about the experience on digital photogrammetric restitution of the building façades of Pelourinho, a neighborhood in the historical center of Salvador, the capital city of the State of Bahia. The architectural documentation is an important way to preserve and safeguard its memory, besides being an effective educational process about the meaning of preservation and cultural heritage.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	caadria2007_677
id	caadria2007_677
authors	Anbusivan, R.
year	2007
title	Automation of Passive Solar Design System
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2007.x.l5x
source	CAADRIA 2007 [Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Nanjing (China) 19-21 April 2007
summary	This research, focus on the automation of passive solar design system using computational method. The quantitative nature of passive solar design system makes the automation possible. The automation is done in stages, because implementing the passive solar design system is not an isolated process, but intertwined with the overall design process. The first phase of automation concentrates in conceptual stage, to avoid major deviations in later stages of the design. The conceptual stage use Eco-grammar (A preset Design guidelines for corresponding climate) and user inputs for initial form generation. The second stage of automation is done after the user finalize the model with respect to its position rotation and arrangements. In this stage manipulation of vertex, edges and faces of the forms were manipulated using genetic algorithm. The value of mutation or crossover done in genetic algorithm is suggested by knowledge engine (preloaded design knowledge). Until the form obtains or reach closer to the desired values of performance the loop between analysis and mutation, crossover will be continued. On the basis of analysis result further manipulations may change from the previous which is guided by the knowledge engine.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	acadia07_276
id	acadia07_276
authors	Anders, Peter
year	2007
title	Designing Mixed Reality: Principles, Projects and Practice
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2007.276
source	Expanding Bodies: Art • Cities• Environment [Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 978-0-9780978-6-8] Halifax (Nova Scotia) 1-7 October 2007, 276-283
summary	Mixed Reality is an increasingly prevalent technology that merges digital simulations with physical objects or environments. This paper presents principles for the design of mixed reality compositions. The principles are illustrated by projects and experiments by the author involving architecture and robotics.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia07_146
id	acadia07_146
authors	Angulo, Antonieta
year	2007
title	Ubiquitous Training of Visual-Spatial Skills: On the Development of Mobile Applications Using Handheld Devices
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2007.146
source	Expanding Bodies: Art • Cities• Environment [Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 978-0-9780978-6-8] Halifax (Nova Scotia) 1-7 October 2007, 146-155
summary	This research project seeks to develop m-learning applications that provide training in visual-spatial skills using wireless handheld mobile devices (e.g. PDAs and cellular phones). The paper acknowledges the role of visual-spatial competence as fundamental in science and most creative endeavors, including its critical role in architectural design. It also recognizes that there is a substantial amount of anecdotal evidence suggesting that undergraduate students in architecture have serious limitations in applying visual-spatial skills for design activities. A potential solution to this problem is envisioned through the introduction of extra-curricular learning activities that are ubiquitous and learner-centered. The suggested m-learning applications will include a set of instructional modules making use of media-rich representations (graphics and animations) for conveying the nature of 3-D spaces. As a first step toward reaching this development, a prototype was created and used for testing learning strategies. This experiment provided evidence regarding improvements to specific aspects of the students’ visual-spatial competency, and it also collected qualitative feedback regarding the students’ level of satisfaction about the learning experience. The paper provides recommendations for a future implementation of the beta version, including the learning strategy, content authoring, publishing, deployment, and criteria for the selection of the most accessible mobile device.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2007_611
id	caadria2007_611
authors	Arpornwicharnop, Kittisak; Pinyo Jinuntuya and Pizzanu Kanongchaiyos
year	2007
title	Simulation Software Development for Urban Landscape Possibility Analysis
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2007.x.u9u
source	CAADRIA 2007 [Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Nanjing (China) 19-21 April 2007
summary	This research paper proposes a simulation software development for possibility analysis of urban landscape development project. Normally, analysis of land potentiality and feasibility study for investment are necessary pre-processed for supporting urban planning, developing and architectural designing. However, most available tools are usually tailor made for each process individually, causing difficulties in information interchange between each processes. In this research, we propose a policy making support system for urban planning project development providing several functions such as testing land use and its physical character which are important to urban expansion and architectural design based on impact analysis of urban comprehensive plan. The proposed integrated system consists of a topological analysis module, constraint checking module and geographical information processing module. First, Geographical information stored in 3D graphic file format is converted to object-oriented data model and stored in a database. With several constraint and regulations, the stored information is then checked in the landscape topological analysis module. In evaluation process, the developed software is tested with geographical information of Bangkok area under constraints and regulations of Building Control Act of Thailand. While controlling building properties, the software can model the buildings and generate urban physical character. The result is then checked by several urban landscape planning experts. Experimental result shows that proposed system provides flexibility in information interchanging with constraints and regulations updating without system reconfiguration. The system also provides internet accessing for public participation in the process of making urban comprehensive plan.
series	CAADRIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	acadia07_025
id	acadia07_025
authors	Ascott, Roy
year	2007
title	Architecture and the Culture of Contingency
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2007.025
source	Expanding Bodies: Art • Cities• Environment [Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 978-0-9780978-6-8] Halifax (Nova Scotia) 1-7 October 2007, 25-31
summary	A culture is a set of behaviours, attitudes and values that are shared, sustained and transformed by an identifi able community. Currently, we are bound up in a culture of consumerism, and of terror; there are also retro cultures and utopian cultures. What’s happening now that’s interesting is that many, if not all of these diff erent tendencies, tastes and persuasions are being re-aligned, interconnected and hybridised by a vast global community of online users, who are transdisciplinary in their approach to knowledge and experience, instinctively interactive with systems and situations, playful, transgressive and enormously curious. This living culture makes it up as it goes along. No longer do the institu- tions of state, church or science call the tune. Nor can any architectural schema contain it. This is a culture of inclusion and of self-creation. Culture no longer defi nes us with its rules of aesthetics, style, etiquette, normalcy or privilege. We defi ne it; we of the global community that maps out the world not with territorial boundaries, or built environments, but with open-ended networks. This is a bottom-up culture—non-linear, bifurcating, immersive, and profoundly human. Who needs archi- tecture? Any structural interface will do. Ours can be described as a contingent culture. It’s about chance and change, in the world, in the environment, in oneself. It’s a contingent world we live in, unpredictable, unreliable, uncertain and indeterministic. Culture fi ghts back, fi ghts like with like. The Contingent Culture takes on the contingency of life with its own strategies of risk, chance, and play. It is essentially syncretic. People re-invent themselves, create new relationships, new orders of time and space. Along the way, they create, as well as accommodate, the future. This culture is completely open-ended, evolving and transforming at a fast rate—just as we are, at this stage of our evolution, and just as we want it to be. Human nature, unconstrained, is essentially syncretic too.
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia07_120
id	acadia07_120
authors	Balakrishnan, Bimal; Muramoto, Katsuhiko; Kalisperis, Loukas N.
year	2007
title	Spatial Presence: An Explication From an Architectural Point of View
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2007.120
source	Expanding Bodies: Art • Cities• Environment [Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 978-0-9780978-6-8] Halifax (Nova Scotia) 1-7 October 2007, 120-129
summary	This paper provides the theoretical foundation for understanding the concept of spatial presence. This is important for improving architectural visualization tools so as to capture the experiential aspects of space. The paper is organized into three sections. The first section explicates the concept of spatial presence by identifying various conceptualizations of spatial presence in the literature and performing a meaning analysis. It then proceeds to examine mechanisms underlying the formation of spatial presence. The paper concludes by offering initial guidelines for improving the nature of digital tools to enhance the feeling of spatial presence.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2008_055
id	ecaade2008_055
authors	Beirão, José; Duarte, José; Stouffs, Rudi
year	2008
title	Structuring a Generative Model for Urban Design: Linking GIS to Shape Grammars
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.929
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 929-938
summary	Urban Design processes need to adopt flexible and adaptive procedures to respond to the evolving demands of the contemporary city. To support such dynamic processes, a specific design methodology and a supporting tool are needed. This design methodology considers the development of a design system rather than a single design solution. It is based on patterns and shape grammars. The idea is to link the descriptions of each pattern to specific shape rules inducing the generation of formal solutions that satisfy the pattern. The methodology explores, from the urban designer point of view, the capacity of a shape grammar to codify and generate urban form (Duarte et al, 2007). This paper defines the ontology of urban entities to build on a GIS platform the topology describing the various components of the city structure. By choosing different sets of patterns the designer defines his vision for a specific context. The patterns are explicated into shape rules that encode the designer’s interpretation of the pattern, and operate on this ontology of urban entities generating solutions that satisfy the pattern’s concept. Some examples of the topological relations are shown.
keywords	Patterns, shape grammars, ontology, generative urban design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia07_174
id	acadia07_174
authors	Bontemps, Arnaud; Potvin, André; Demers, Claude
year	2007
title	The Dynamics of Physical Ambiences
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2007.174
source	Expanding Bodies: Art • Cities• Environment [Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 978-0-9780978-6-8] Halifax (Nova Scotia) 1-7 October 2007, 174-181
summary	This research proposes to support the reading of physical ambiences by the development of a representational technique which compiles, in a numerical interface, two types of data: sensory and filmic. These data are recorded through the use of a portable array equipped with sensors (Potvin 1997, 2002, 2004) as well as the acquisition of Video information of the moving environment. The compilation of information is carried out through a multi-media approach, by means of a program converting the environmental data into dynamic diagrams, as well as the creation of an interactive interface allowing a possible diffusion on the Web. This technique, named APMAP/Video, makes it possible to read out simultaneously spatial and environmental diversity. It is demonstrated through surveys taken at various seasons and time of the day at the new Caisse de dépôt et de placement headquarters in Montreal which is also the corpus for a SSHRC (Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council) research grant on Environmental Adaptability in Architecture (Potvin et al. 2003-2007). This case study shows that the technique can prove of great relevance for POEs (Post Occupancy Evaluation) as well as for assistance in a new design project.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	cf2011_p157
id	cf2011_p157
authors	Boton, Conrad; Kubicki Sylvain, Halin Gilles
year	2011
title	Understanding Pre-Construction Simulation Activities to Adapt Visualization in 4D CAD Collaborative Tools
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 477-492.
summary	Increasing productivity and efficiency is an important issue in the AEC field. This area is mainly characterized by fragmentation, heterogeneous teams with low lifetimes and many uncertainties. 4D CAD is one of the greatest innovations in recent years. It consists in linking a 3D model of the building with the works planning in order to simulate the construction evolution over time. 4D CAD can fill several needs from design to project management through constructivity analysis and tasks planning (Tommelein 2003). The literature shows that several applications have been proposed to improve the 4D CAD use (Chau et al. 2004; Lu et al. 2007; Seok & al. 2009). In addition, studies have shown the real impact of 4D CAD use in construction projects (Staub-French & Khanzode 2007; Dawood & Sika 2007). More recently, Mahalingam et al. (2010) showed that the collaborative use of 4D CAD is particularly useful during the pre-construction phase for comparing the constructability of working methods, for visually identifying conflicts and clashes (overlaps), and as visual tool for practitioners to discuss and to plan project progress. So the advantage of the 4D CAD collaborative use is demonstrated. Moreover, several studies have been conducted both in the scientific community and in the industrial world to improve it (Zhou et al. 2009; Kang et al. 2007). But an important need that remains in collaborative 4D CAD use in construction projects is about the adaptation of visualization to the users business needs. Indeed, construction projects have very specific characteristics (fragmentation, variable team, different roles from one project to another). Moreover, in the AEC field several visualization techniques can represent the same concept and actors choose one or another of these techniques according to their specific needs related to the task they have to perform. For example, the tasks planning may be represented by a Gantt chart or by a PERT network and the building elements can be depicted with a 3D model or a 2D plan. The classical view (3D + Gantt) proposed to all practitioners in the available 4D tools seems therefore not suiting the needs of all. So, our research is based on the hypothesis that adapting the visualization to individual business needs could significantly improve the collaboration. This work relies on previous ones and aim to develop a method 1) to choose the best suited views for performed tasks and 2) to compose adapted multiple views for each actor, that we call ‚Äúbusiness views‚Äù. We propose a 4 steps-method to compose business views. The first step identifies the users‚Äô business needs, defining the individual practices performed by each actor, identifying his business tasks and his information needs. The second step identifies the visualization needs related to the identified business needs. For this purpose, the user‚Äôs interactions and visualization tasks are described. This enables choosing the most appropriate visualization techniques for each need (step 3). At this step, it is important to describe the visualization techniques and to be able to compare them. Therefore, we proposed a business view metamodel. The final step (step 4) selects the adapted views, defines the coordination mechanisms and the interaction principles in order to compose coordinated visualizations. A final step consists in a validation work to ensure that the composed views really match to the described business needs. This paper presents the latest version of the method and especially presents our latest works about its first and second steps. These include making more generic the business tasks description in order to be applicable within most of construction projects and enabling to make correspondence with visualization tasks.
keywords	Pre-construction, Simulation, 4D CAD, Collaboration, Computer Supported Cooperative Work, Human-Computer Interface, Information visualization, Business view, Model driven engineering
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	sigradi2007_af73
id	sigradi2007_af73
authors	Bruscato, Underlea; Rodrigo Garcia Alvarado
year	2007
title	Spaces for Meetings and Memories in Virtual Networks [Espaços de Encontro e Memória nas Redes]
source	SIGraDi 2007 - [Proceedings of the 11th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] México D.F. - México 23-25 October 2007, pp. 380-384
summary	Digital media is becoming a huge space for information and communication, including heritage simulation. Meantime urban spaces are deteriorating and loosing social role. This paper shows development of heritage models like social spaces in internet to promote urban memory and meetings. A model of old square and theatre of the abandonee town of Sewell in Chile, diffused through youtube, and the model of Square of Inmigration in Sao Leopoldo, Brasil, available in virtual communities in internet with links to fotolog pages of families. These examples demonstrated relationship between technological possibilities and urban spaces that can support social cohesion.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

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