CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Hits 1 to 20 of 1765

_id ascaad2007_005
id ascaad2007_005
authors Loh, E.; N. Dawood and J. Dean
year 2007
title Integration of 3D Tool with Environmental Impact Assessment (3D EIA)
source Em‘body’ing Virtual Architecture: The Third International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2007), 28-30 November 2007, Alexandria, Egypt, pp. 51-66
summary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) tools have been available for some years now and their function is predominantly to predict and identify the environmental impact of building projects. However EIA analysis is often done after the completion of the project or building and when it is too late to influence the design, materials or components to be used. Also, more than 80% of the design decisions that influence the whole life cycle of a building are made at the initial design phase. EIA does not receive the required attention. A new approach is suggested in this research to ensure that designers, clients and stakeholders have all of the relevant information needed at the outline design stage for the assessment of cost and environmental impact. The idea is that building owners and users will have the opportunity to minimise their operating costs from ‘cradle to cradle’. As energy resources reduce over the next few decades, the value of this research will increase and it is possible to foresee government legislation which drives building construction in this direction. By making environmental impact analysis readily linked to 3D products at the very early stage of the design process, the value of 3D technology will be enhanced significantly resulting in more use of the technology in the construction process. In this context, the objective of this paper is to introduce and explore approaches for developing integrated 3D- EIA, LCA (Life Cycle Analysis) and LCCA (Life Cycle Cost Analysis) and VR (Virtual Reality) tools and develop trade-off analysis to assist in the decision making process. To demonstrate initial results, a pilot case study in the UK is being developed.
series ASCAAD
last changed 2008/01/21 22:00

_id c7e9
authors Maver, T.W.
year 2002
title Predicting the Past, Remembering the Future
source SIGraDi 2002 - [Proceedings of the 6th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Caracas (Venezuela) 27-29 november 2002, pp. 2-3
summary Charlas Magistrales 2There never has been such an exciting moment in time in the extraordinary 30 year history of our subject area, as NOW,when the philosophical theoretical and practical issues of virtuality are taking centre stage.The PastThere have, of course, been other defining moments during these exciting 30 years:• the first algorithms for generating building layouts (circa 1965).• the first use of Computer graphics for building appraisal (circa 1966).• the first integrated package for building performance appraisal (circa 1972).• the first computer generated perspective drawings (circa 1973).• the first robust drafting systems (circa 1975).• the first dynamic energy models (circa 1982).• the first photorealistic colour imaging (circa 1986).• the first animations (circa 1988)• the first multimedia systems (circa 1995), and• the first convincing demonstrations of virtual reality (circa 1996).Whereas the CAAD community has been hugely inventive in the development of ICT applications to building design, it hasbeen woefully remiss in its attempts to evaluate the contribution of those developments to the quality of the built environmentor to the efficiency of the design process. In the absence of any real evidence, one can only conjecture regarding the realbenefits which fall, it is suggested, under the following headings:• Verisimilitude: The extraordinary quality of still and animated images of the formal qualities of the interiors and exteriorsof individual buildings and of whole neighborhoods must surely give great comfort to practitioners and their clients thatwhat is intended, formally, is what will be delivered, i.e. WYSIWYG - what you see is what you get.• Sustainability: The power of «first-principle» models of the dynamic energetic behaviour of buildings in response tochanging diurnal and seasonal conditions has the potential to save millions of dollars and dramatically to reduce thedamaging environmental pollution created by badly designed and managed buildings.• Productivity: CAD is now a multi-billion dollar business which offers design decision support systems which operate,effectively, across continents, time-zones, professions and companies.• Communication: Multi-media technology - cheap to deliver but high in value - is changing the way in which we canexplain and understand the past and, envisage and anticipate the future; virtual past and virtual future!MacromyopiaThe late John Lansdown offered the view, in his wonderfully prophetic way, that ...”the future will be just like the past, onlymore so...”So what can we expect the extraordinary trajectory of our subject area to be?To have any chance of being accurate we have to have an understanding of the phenomenon of macromyopia: thephenomenon exhibitted by society of greatly exaggerating the immediate short-term impact of new technologies (particularlythe information technologies) but, more importantly, seriously underestimating their sustained long-term impacts - socially,economically and intellectually . Examples of flawed predictions regarding the the future application of information technologiesinclude:• The British Government in 1880 declined to support the idea of a national telephonic system, backed by the argumentthat there were sufficient small boys in the countryside to run with messages.• Alexander Bell was modest enough to say that: «I am not boasting or exaggerating but I believe, one day, there will bea telephone in every American city».• Tom Watson, in 1943 said: «I think there is a world market for about 5 computers».• In 1977, Ken Olssop of Digital said: «There is no reason for any individuals to have a computer in their home».The FutureJust as the ascent of woman/man-kind can be attributed to her/his capacity to discover amplifiers of the modest humancapability, so we shall discover how best to exploit our most important amplifier - that of the intellect. The more we know themore we can figure; the more we can figure the more we understand; the more we understand the more we can appraise;the more we can appraise the more we can decide; the more we can decide the more we can act; the more we can act themore we can shape; and the more we can shape, the better the chance that we can leave for future generations a trulysustainable built environment which is fit-for-purpose, cost-beneficial, environmentally friendly and culturally significactCentral to this aspiration will be our understanding of the relationship between real and virtual worlds and how to moveeffortlessly between them. We need to be able to design, from within the virtual world, environments which may be real ormay remain virtual or, perhaps, be part real and part virtual.What is certain is that the next 30 years will be every bit as exciting and challenging as the first 30 years.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:55

_id ga0128
id ga0128
authors Singh, S.K., Vatsa, M.and Singh, R.
year 2001
title Face Recognizing Robot
source International Conference on Generative Art
summary In the biological evolution process, logical thinking has been the last to evolve, and lies at the surface of our consciousness, its means and methodologies available for introspection. On the other hand, the intelligence required to interpret sensory signals and activate motor commands is so well known biologically that it is buried in the subconscious and is entirely inaccessible at the conscious level. The variation in human intelligence is usually measured by the ability to process logical information, whereas the other forms of intelligence needed in daily life are not normallyassociated with the word intelligence. In the recent years man wants to develop a machine having its own intelligence. He wants to make machine, to which he can treat as a real servant. In this paper a simulated robotic system is described, which can be used as a criminal-detecting robot. In this project, an attempt will be made to design a Robot and it’s software, which will have an optimal solution of conditions (for which the Robot is to be designed i.e. security). It will not only reduce the cost (the cost spend insecurity of VIP’s is very high) but also will increase the security strength and stop the criminal activities. It will take snaps of the people and match from its database to check for criminals. Thus, such operations with minimum errors will cause the better security. Computer vision concerned with the sensing of vision data and its interpretation by a computer. Detecting faces in images with complex backgrounds is a difficult task. The approach presented in this paper, which obtains state of the art results, is based on a new neural network model. To detect a face in an image means to find its position in the image plane (x, y) and its size or scale (z). An image of a face can be considered as a set of features such as eyes, mouth, and nose with constrained positions and size within an oval: an explicit model can be used. The think and adjust himself in any condition, can take the optimal and possible decision. The Robot can perform only those tasks and take decisions, which are specified in its programming code.
series other
email
more http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed 2003/08/07 17:25

_id acadia04_088
id acadia04_088
authors Bechthold, Martin
year 2004
title Digital Design and Fabrication of Surface Structures
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2004.088
source Fabrication: Examining the Digital Practice of Architecture [Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aidd Design in Architecture and the 2004 Conference of the AIA Technology in Architectural Practice Knowledge Community / ISBN 0-9696665-2-7] Cambridge (Ontario) 8-14 November, 2004, 88-99
summary This paper presents a study in digital design and manufacturing of shells, which are material-efficient systems that generate their load-bearing capacity through curvature. Their complex shapes are chal­lenging to build, and the few current shell projects employ the same shape repetitively in order to reduce the cost of concrete formwork. Can digital design and manufacturing technology make these systems suitable for the needs of the 21st century? The research developed new digitally-driven fabrication processes for Wood-Foam Sandwich Shells and Ferrocement-Concrete Sandwich Shells. These are partially pre-fabricated in order to allow for the application of Computer-Numerically Controlled (CNC) technology. Sandwich systems offer advantages for the digitally-enabled construction of shells, while at the same time improving their structural and thermal performance. The research defines design and manufacturing processes that reduce the need for repetition in order to save costs. Wood-Foam Sandwich shells are made by laminating wood-strips over a CNC-milled foam mold that eventually becomes the structural sandwich core. For Ferrocement-Concrete sandwich shells, a two-stage process is presented: pre-fabricated ferrocement panels become the permanent formwork for a cast-in-place concrete shell. The design and engineering process is facilitated through the use of parametric solid modeling envi­ronments. Modeling macros and integrated Finite-Element Analysis tools streamline the design process. Accuracy in fabrication is maintained by using CNC techniques for the majority of the shaping processes. The digital design and manufacturing parameters for each process are verified through design and fabrication studies that include prototypes, mockups and physical scale models.
keywords Shell, Pre-Fabrication, Prototype, Custom-Manufacturing, Simulation
series ACADIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id ecaade2022_302
id ecaade2022_302
authors Lu, Xin, Meng, Zeyuan, Rodriguez, Alvaro Lopez and Pantic, Igor
year 2022
title Reusable Augmented Concrete Casting System - Accessible method for formwork manufacturing through holographic guidance
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.1.371
source Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 1, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 371–380
summary Reinforced concrete has been one of the essential materials for modern architecture for the last hundred years. Its use is entirely global, having been adopted by all cultures and styles since its invention in the late 19th century. Although its value is excellent due to its low cost, durability and adaptability, its environmental impact is significant, being, in fact, one of the most polluting industries in the world (Babor et al. 2009). This experimental project will research a more sustainable use of concrete, exploring a new form of reusable concrete formwork that will ideally reduce the CO2 footprint by removing wood waste in the casting process and replacing it with adaptable metal components. The modular part-based system for the concrete casting also attempts to simplify one of the current complexities for concrete construction, the Skilled-Labour shortage. (Yusoff et al. 2021). To mitigate this problem, the project also proposes using an Augmented Assembly logic for the casting parts to guide the ensemble and dismantle the formwork through an optimised algorithmic logic. The use of Augmented Reality as a replacement for traditional paper instructions will facilitate access to more workers to this construction art and potentially improve access to optimised use of concrete in developing communities with restricted building technological resources.
keywords Mixed Reality, Distributed Manufacturing, Augmented Manufacturing, Sustainability, Computational Design, Concrete Casting
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2024/04/22 07:10

_id ascaad2007_002
id ascaad2007_002
authors Abdellatif, R. and C. Calderon
year 2007
title SecondLife: A Computer-Mediated Tool for Distance-Learning in Architecture Education?
source Em‘body’ing Virtual Architecture: The Third International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2007), 28-30 November 2007, Alexandria, Egypt, pp. 17-34
summary Despite the importance of distance learning for its ability to reach a wide audience, easiness to access materials, and its lower cost compared to traditional learning, architecture education has not been well served by distance education. This is because it has a higher level of learning objectives, it is taught by coaching methodologies, and involves nonverbal forms of communication. One of the most common learning methods used in the design studio is the Criticism/Critique, which is a graphic and oral type of communication between the tutor and the students. In this investigation, Second Life, a massive multi-user online virtual environment that offers three-dimensional spatial capabilities via Avatars impersonation, is used as a computer-mediated tool for text and graphic-based communication in a distance learning situation. The study describes a demonstration experiment where students had to communicate with their tutor, display and describe their projects at a distance, in a purposely designed criticism space in SecondLife. The main objective of this paper is to observe and document the effects and the use of SecondLife virtual environment as an online 3D graphical-based tool of computer-mediated communication in distance learning in architecture education. The study also answers some questions: How well did the students use the tools of the medium provide? Was there a sense of personal communication and realism gained through using Avatars in the virtual environment? Did SecondLife provide a successful means of communication for a graphic-based context? And what are the students’ opinions about the learning environment? Using multiple methods of data collection, mainly based on an electronic observation of the experiment, questioning the participants before and after the experiment, and the analysis of the chat transcripts, the study presents descriptive results of the experiment, and discusses its main features. Proposals for modifications are made for future replications.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2008/01/21 22:00

_id sigradi2008_080
id sigradi2008_080
authors Andrés, Roberto
year 2008
title Hybrid Art > Synthesized Architecture
source SIGraDi 2008 - [Proceedings of the 12th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] La Habana - Cuba 1-5 December 2008
summary This paper investigates possible intersections between some contemporary artistic modalities and architectural practice. At first, it describes and discusses different uses of art in architectural history. Through the analyzes of Le Corbusier’s artistic and architectural practices, it observes the limits of looking at art as only ‘inspiration’ for architectural form and points to the necessity of surpassing this formal approach. More than bringing pictorial ‘inspiration’, art, as a experimental field, can change our architectural procedures and approaches - a much richer and powerful addition to the development of architecture. It discusses then, the confluence of architecture, information and communication technologies. Very commonly present in our contemporary life, not only on the making of architecture – computer drawings and modeling of extravagant buildings – nor in ‘automated rooms’ of the millionaire’s houses. Televisions, telephones and computers leave the walls of our houses “with as many holes as a Swiss cheese”, as Flusser has pointed. The architecture has historically manipulated the way people interact, but this interaction now has been greatly changed by new technologies. Since is inevitable to think the contemporary world without them, it is extreme urgent that architects start dealing with this whole universe in a creative way. Important changes in architecture occur after professionals start to research and experiment with different artistic medias, not limiting their visions to painting and sculpture. The main hypothesis of this paper is that the experiments with new media art can bring the field of architecture closer to information and communication technologies. This confluence can only take form when architects rise questions about technology based interaction and automation during their creative process, embodying these concepts into the architecture repertoire. An educational experience was conducted in 2007 at UFMG Architecture School, in Brazil, with the intention of this activity was to allow students to research creatively with both information technology and architecture. The students’ goal was to create site-specific interventions on the school building, using physical and digital devices. Finally, the paper contextualizes this experience with the discussion above exposed. Concluding with an exposition of the potentialities of some contemporary art modalities (specially the hybrid ones) in qualifying architectural practices.
keywords Architecture; Information and Communication Technologies; Digital Art; Site Specific Art; Architectural Learning.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id cf2007_153
id cf2007_153
authors Benrós, Deborah; José P Duarte and Fernando Branco
year 2007
title A System for Providing Customized Housing
source Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / 978-1-4020-6527-9 2007 [Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / 978-1-4020-6527-9] Sydney (Australia) 11–13 July 2007, pp. 153-166
summary This paper describes a system for generating customized mass housing. The aim is to provide dwellings at an affordable cost with recourse to mass production and yet guarantee that they are tailored to their users. It combines two systems, a rule-based design system and a prefabricated building system. The integration of both systems is achieved through the development of a computer tool to assist designers in the various stages of the housing design process. This tool produces three kinds of outputs: three dimensional models, construction drawings, and a list of construction elements, including their cost and information for manufacturing.
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 2007/07/06 12:47

_id acadia07_104
id acadia07_104
authors Chen, Chien-Lin; Johnson, Brian R.
year 2007
title DVIN: A Dual View Information Navigation System
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2007.104
source Expanding Bodies: Art • Cities• Environment [Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 978-0-9780978-6-8] Halifax (Nova Scotia) 1-7 October 2007, 104-109
summary Differences in the preferred modes of representation of architects and their clients create challenges to their collaboration in the design process. Traditional two-dimensional drawings such as plans, sections and elevations form the backbone of architectural representation, anchoring text labels to record relevant non-graphical information. Nominally geometric “slices” through the proposed building volume, these drawings employ abstractions and conventions unique to professional practice. In contrast, non-architects think about building configuration largely through experiential or photographic perspective. This challenge increases over the life of the project. Simple drawings, such as those used in schematic design, are easily understood by all parties. However, as the building design develops the architects encode more and more design detail through the drawing conventions of construction documents, inadvertently making this detail less and less accessible to non-architects. We present DVIN, a prototype system that uses coordinated plan and perspective views for navigation of building information models, linking the information to an individual’s spatial navigation skills rather than their document navigation skills. This web-based application was developed using Java and VRML. The prototype makes it easier for naive users to locate and query building information, whether they are a client, a facility manager, or possibly an emergency responder.

*** NOTE: two pages missing from the printed proceedings have been appended to the PDF version of this paper and numbered 'erratum page 1' and 'erratum page 2' ***

series ACADIA
type normal paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

_id sigradi2007_af76
id sigradi2007_af76
authors Dimenstein Koatz, Gilson
year 2007
title Documentation and production of 3D information for Architecture, Urbanism and Archeology [Documentação e Produção de Informação Tridimensional para a Pesquisa em Arquitetura, Urbanismo e Arqueologia]
source SIGraDi 2007 - [Proceedings of the 11th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] México D.F. - México 23-25 October 2007, pp. 336-339
summary Close Range Photogrammetry received an impulse in direction of simplification and cost reduction when new software allowed the use of “off the shelf” cameras instead of high priced, sophisticated and rare metric cameras and the images captured by this simpler equipment begin to be scanned and treated by personal computers and plotted on simpler printers instead of the old and very expensive mechanical or analytical plotters.
keywords Close range photogrammetry; architecture; urbanism; archeology; 3D documentation
series SIGRADI
type normal paper
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:50

_id ecaade2007_136
id ecaade2007_136
authors Dohmen, Philipp; Rüdenauer, Kai
year 2007
title Digital Chains in Modern Architecture
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2007.801
source Predicting the Future [25th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-6-5] Frankfurt am Main (Germany) 26-29 September 2007, pp. 801-804
summary The “digital chain” is a continuous digital organization process, from the draft right into the manufacturing. Now one of these chains is applied on a mountain shelter. The individual steps are programmed and connected by universal interfaces. The computer is used not as passive digital drawing board, but as self-dependent tool that exerts influence on. Rules, dependence and aims, are formulated by the architect the computer can optimize due to its computing power. The role of the architect shifts thereby from the form designer to the role of a process designer. The aesthetics of the results is exciting and unusually, organically and self-evident - it is however always the result of given parameters. One topic is the complexity. The constructional modeling of the computers is a substantial support and easement. With programming techniques and parameterized construction, a high degree of individualizing becomes possible. A further point is efficiency. Construction with individual units, which former on was just realizable with high time and cost, become economically in this manner today. Furthermore computer-controlled machines work with precision and a detailing, which would be by workmanship neither temporally nor technically obtainable.
keywords Digital chain, mass customization, one of a kind production
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

_id ecaade2007_231
id ecaade2007_231
authors Díaz, Joaquin
year 2007
title Holistic Cost-Information Management in Building and Construction
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2007.533
source Predicting the Future [25th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-6-5] Frankfurt am Main (Germany) 26-29 September 2007, pp. 533-539
summary In the building and construction industry the need for a more holistic enterprise-overlapping information exchange is obvious. Especially the management of cost-information from the very beginning design-phase to the point of controlling and billing is a very important task. Co-operation between architects, construction companies, engineering consultants, and authorities using digital information exchange becomes a strategic success factor. Solutions which cover all stages of the value creation chain such as e-tendering, cost-estimation, cost-determination, and production must be anytime accessible and platform independent. While the basic conditions of IT-infrastructure (digital networks) are today fully sufficient, the compatibility between the systems and the information to be exchanged represent the largest problem. The main problem is in the range of different systems and various information domains. Transformations and adjustments of the exchanged information still cost nearly 40 % of design and engineering time. Efficient information exchanges require a universal exchange format, which makes the existing systems compatible. This paper describes the German approach for a holistic information exchange in the building and construction industry. Furthermore the new approach to integrate the German GAEB Standard and the Industrial Foundation Classes (IFC) and the possibilities that can be obtained out of this integration will be explained.
keywords GAEB standard, e-tendering, cost-estimation and cost management, bidding and billing procedures, integration of cost and graphical information (BIM)
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

_id ascaad2007_061
id ascaad2007_061
authors Fujita, H.; J. Hakura and M. Kurematsu
year 2007
title Cognitive Modeling in Design Based on Human Emotional reasoning: Computer based Cognitive interaction based on mimesis of human emotional behavior
source Em‘body’ing Virtual Architecture: The Third International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2007), 28-30 November 2007, Alexandria, Egypt, pp. 783-798
summary This paper presents a progress development results of Virtual intelligent interface based on human facial and voice recognition. We this is new challenge for sensing the user emotional space and interact with it. It is part of the cognitive spatial design needed to have the mentality of the designer been part of the system recognition. This is experimental built prototype. We think that the practices reported in this work contribute to integrate (corporate) the cognitive intention of the designer with the knowledge of the system, The architect can use these design practices to inhale the emotional practices into the design using such experiment.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2008/01/21 22:00

_id caadria2010_049
id caadria2010_049
authors Fukuda, Tomohiro and Hitoshi Takeuchi
year 2010
title Development of use flow of 3D CAD / VR software for citizens who are non-specialists in city design
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2010.521
source Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Hong Kong 7-10 April 2010, pp. 521-530
summary The purpose of this study is the development of a tool by which citizens who are non-specialists can design a regional revitalisation project. Therefore, a 3D CAD / VR (3-dimensional computer-aided design / virtual reality) combination system was developed by using SketchUP Pro, GIMP, and UC-win / Road. This system has the advantages of low cost and easy operation. The utility of the system was verified as a result of applying the developed prototype system in the Super Science High School program for high school students created by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan. It has been used for two years, since 2007. In addition, the characteristics of the VR made by the non-specialists were considered.
keywords Urban renewal design; participatory planning; 3D CAD; VR; design by non-specialists
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id cf2007_251
id cf2007_251
authors Grasl, Thomas; Athanassios Economou
year 2007
title Spatial Similarity Metrics: Graph theoretic distance measurement and floor plan abstraction
source Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / 978-1-4020-6527-9 2007 [Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / 978-1-4020-6527-9] Sydney (Australia) 11–13 July 2007, pp. 251-263
summary Comparing space allocation programs computationally is a resource intensive task. This paper introduces a method which reduces the complexity of floor plan graphs to facilitate the problem. In a first step the nodes are labeled according to a laid out classification scheme. This in its own right reduces the complexity of the comparison by introducing more diversity among the nodes. Subsequently the graph can be coarsened in several steps based on the category information. This does not only further reduce the necessary computation, but can also offer a visualization of and additional insight into the essential structure of the space allocation program at hand.
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 2007/07/06 12:47

_id cf2011_p027
id cf2011_p027
authors Herssens, Jasmien; Heylighen Ann
year 2011
title A Framework of Haptic Design Parameters for Architects: Sensory Paradox Between Content and Representation
source Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 685-700.
summary Architects—like other designers—tend to think, know and work in a visual way. In design research, this way of knowing and working is highly valued as paramount to design expertise (Cross 1982, 2006). In case of architecture, however, it is not only a particular strength, but may as well be regarded as a serious weakness. The absence of non-visual features in traditional architectural spatial representations indicates how these are disregarded as important elements in conceiving space (Dischinger 2006). This bias towards vision, and the suppression of other senses—in the way architecture is conceived, taught and critiqued—results in a disappearance of sensory qualities (Pallasmaa 2005). Nevertheless, if architects design with more attention to non visual senses, they are able to contribute to more inclusive environments. Indeed if an environment offers a range of sensory triggers, people with different sensory capacities are able to navigate and enjoy it. Rather than implementing as many sensory triggers as possible, the intention is to make buildings and spaces accessible and enjoyable for more people, in line with the objective of inclusive design (Clarkson et al. 2007), also called Design for All or Universal Design (Ostroff 2001). Within this overall objective, the aim of our study is to develop haptic design parameters that support architects during design in paying more attention to the role of haptics, i.e. the sense of touch, in the built environment by informing them about the haptic implications of their design decisions. In the context of our study, haptic design parameters are defined as variables that can be decided upon by designers throughout the design process, and the value of which determines the haptic characteristics of the resulting design. These characteristics are based on the expertise of people who are congenitally blind, as they are more attentive to non visual information, and of professional caregivers working with them. The parameters do not intend to be prescriptive, nor to impose a particular method. Instead they seek to facilitate a more inclusive design attitude by informing designers and helping them to think differently. As the insights from the empirical studies with people born blind and caregivers have been reported elsewhere (Authors 2010), this paper starts by outlining the haptic design parameters resulting from them. Following the classification of haptics into active, dynamic and passive touch, the built environment unfolds into surfaces that can act as “movement”, “guiding” and/or “rest” plane. Furthermore design techniques are suggested to check the haptic qualities during the design process. Subsequently, the paper reports on a focus group interview/workshop with professional architects to assess the usability of the haptic design parameters for design practice. The architects were then asked to try out the parameters in the context of a concrete design project. The reactions suggest that the participating architects immediately picked up the underlying idea of the parameters, and recognized their relevance in relation to the design project at stake, but that their representation confronts us with a sensory paradox: although the parameters question the impact of the visual in architectural design, they are meant to be used by designers, who are used to think, know and work in a visual way.
keywords blindness, design parameters, haptics, inclusive design, vision
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 2012/02/11 19:21

_id ijac20075104
id ijac20075104
authors Hesselgren, Lars; Charitou, Renos; Dritsas, Stylianos
year 2007
title The Bishopsgate Tower Case Study
source International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 5 - no. 1, pp. 62-81
summary This paper summarizes the ongoing research on the Bishopsgate Tower in the City of London designed by Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates. We present a pre-rational geometry computational solution targeting a constraint-aware exploration of the architectural design-space, while interactively optimizing building performance in terms of constructability and cost-efficiency. We document a novel approach in building metrics optimization supported by parametric technologies and embedded analytical algorithms. The process is indicative of how computational methods will develop in the future and help designers find solutions for increasingly complex spaces.
series journal
email
last changed 2007/06/14 12:11

_id caadria2007_639
id caadria2007_639
authors Jinuntuya, Pinyo; Jirayod Theppipit
year 2007
title Temporary Housing Design and Planning Software for Disaster Relief Decision Support System
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2007.x.k9q
source CAADRIA 2007 [Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Nanjing (China) 19-21 April 2007
summary There is a continuous and urgent need for disaster relief in Thailand and countries suffering from floods and tsunami impact. Based on this issue, design and planning software for temporary housing project has been developed, as well as the process and guideline for implementation. This paper describes a unique coupling of interactive 3D virtual environment with parametric designing in order to manage disaster relief project more efficiently. Architects and planners can use the functionality of software on both design simulation and project evaluation aspects. We need to provide correct information to help people making decision when they are in disaster. So the disaster relief decision support system must offer proper information of crisis management focused on people, place, and process. One of the main features of software is the relationship modeling of essential factors such as number of people, houses, budget, time, and space. This automatic temporary houses generation and space planning is simulated for land use and layout plan design with cost estimation analysis. The system components were proposed to a new disaster relief system in alternative approach. Using community-based development will not cost budget but required people participation. Our software’s space coordination will start and centered from available space in school or temple with sufficient infrastructure. After essential factors are inputted, appropriated number of temporary houses, public facilities, and management guideline will be generated to support further planning decision. Our core system was developed on Java and Swing Technology, empowered by real-time 3D rendering CAD engine. In addition, “Virtools” as our Authoring Tools was applied to improve design interaction and explore rapid software prototyping. At the end, we discuss the comparison between real situations in Thailand and appropriate design standardization, which should be reconsidered how to manage crisis with the limitation of time and budget from government.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id bsct_jiraschek
id bsct_jiraschek
authors Jiraschek, Roberta
year 2007
title Improving Child Safety in Residential Buildings via Architectural Design and Technology Integration
source Vienna University of Technology; Building Science & Technology
summary This work intends to create design guidelines based on the classification of design elements in residential buildings according to risk levels. It suggests the inclusion of safety aspects in children’s immediate environment by better design solutions and technologies which can help to prevent home accidents that mainly affect children aged between 0 and 4 years. The guidelines could help to create new building and design standards for architects and the building industry. They are based on research, conducted mainly in the European Union and the United States of America, into regulations and programs focusing on the prevention of home accidents. This work may be of benefit to parents, manufacturers, the building industry, architects and governments. Parents may benefit, obviously, because they get information on how to decrease the number of hazards within their children’s environment. It may help manufacturers improve their safety standards. Consumers may choose from a range of safer products. It may prompt the building industry to create safer designs and products thus avoiding liability claims. It may inspire architects to a more safety-oriented design. Finally governments could reduce health costs – in Austria alone, for example, more than € 3.4 billion a year are spent on home and leisure accidents.
keywords children, accident prevention, hazards, risk assessment, design guideline
series thesis:MSc
type normal paper
email
more http://cec.tuwien.ac.at
last changed 2007/07/16 17:55

_id ecaade2007_138
id ecaade2007_138
authors Koszewski, Krzysztof; Wrona, Stefan
year 2007
title me, Architect
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2007.415
source Predicting the Future [25th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-6-5] Frankfurt am Main (Germany) 26-29 September 2007, pp. 415-422
summary The paper is focused on selected issues of preliminary education of computer techniques as part of first semester curriculum at a school of architecture. Teaching methods based on previously known research are tested and explored in a situation of clearly defined constraints: lack of architecture-specific knowledge of the novices and varying levels of their computer skills. The paper is based on three-year experience. Although we are all in the mood of saying: we do not teach software any more, we still have to think how to encourage students to develop their skills in computer techniques to the level that can liberate them from tool-dependence. The aim is to direct them towards task rather than tool oriented actions. Learning while designing causes the design process to be less important than representation. On the other hand, classic software courses are a thing of the far past and are not suited for design-oriented curriculum. There is a need to find alternative ways more suitable for a preliminary architecture IT course.
keywords Architectural design education, design process, curriculum, pedagogical strategy
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

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