CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Hits 1 to 20 of 14531

_id e405
authors Mitchell, William J.
year 1997
title City of Bits
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1997.001
source CAADRIA ‘97 [Proceedings of the Second Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 957-575-057-8] Taiwan 17-19 April 1997, pp. 1-2
summary My name is wjm@mit.edu (though I have many aliases), and I am an flâneur. I hang out on the network. The keyboard is my café. Each morning I turn to some nearby machine - my modest personal computer at home, a more powerful workstation in one of the offices or laboratories that I frequent, or a laptop in a hotel room-to log into electronic mail. I click on an icon to open an "inhox" filled with messages from round the world-replies to technical questions, queries for me to answer, drafts of papers, submissions of student work, appointments, travel and meeting arrangements. hits of business, greetings. reminders, chitchat, gossip, cornplaints, tips, jokes, flirtation. I type replies immediately, then drop them into an "otubox," from which they are forwarded automatically to the appropriate destinations. (Note the scare quotes. "Box" is a very loose metaphor. and I will come back to that later.) If I have time before I finish gulping my coffee. I also check the wire services and a couple of specialized news services to which I subscribe, then glance at the latest weather report. This ritual is repeated whenever I have a spare moment during the day.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:58

_id ddssar9623
id ddssar9623
authors Mitossi, V. and Koutamanis, A.
year 1996
title Parametric design of stairs
source Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Third Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings (Spa, Belgium), August 18-21, 1996
summary Stairs represent one of the oldest and most intricate design problems in architecture. Aesthetics, pedestrian circulation, construction and safety combine to create a complex network of factors. Despite the essentially parametric nature of stairs, designers have been eager to adopt and apply simplistic standardization schemes, often unrelated to safety issues. Moreover, while there are several computerized systems for the automated design of stairs, there has been little if any interest in the computer-based analysis of stair designs. The objective of our research has been to develop a transparent and flexible computer system for the design and analysis of stairs. The system employs constraint propagation networks for the calculation of stair dimensions in generation and for the correlation of floor levels to stairs and their dimensions in analysis. Computerization also allows us to re-examine and refine the norms underlying stair design. We propose that our understanding of stair design can be improved by the analysis of proprioceptive sizes in ascent and descent. Simulation of these sizes with virtual robots combines accurate measurement with visual evaluation. This combination facilitates the effortless and direct integration of advanced technologies and new methods in architectural design.
series DDSS
last changed 2003/08/07 16:36

_id ddss9843
id ddss9843
authors Mitossi, Vicky and Koutamanis, Alexander
year 1998
title Spatial representations as the basis of formal and functional analysis
source Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary The proliferation of the computer in the documentation of architectural designs generates a growing number of computerized architectural drawings. As a result, practice is showing an increasing interest in the utility of such drawings. This interest is linked to a fundamental promise of computerization in architecture, the analysis and evaluation of a building’s behaviour and performance during the design process. The main drawback of conventional computerized drawings is that they are restricted toplotting orthographic or, less frequently, perspective projections. This effectively reduces the computer to a mere electronic drafting table and computerized drawings to unstructured, haphazard collectionsof arbitrarily chosen graphic elements, normally of the lowest possible complexity. The lack of structure and in particular of meaningful, relevant primitives leads to inadequate support even for basic analyses and evaluations. We consider the structure of computerized design representations with respect to the choice of primitives that facilitate automation of analysis and support focused feedback. We argue that current drawing systems are capable of deriving the basic dual network of ‘solid’ building elements and ‘void’ spaces on the basis of user-input descriptions of familiar entities and that this network is sufficient for normative analyses.
series DDSS
last changed 2003/08/07 16:36

_id ddss2006-pb-203
id DDSS2006-PB-203
authors Mitsuhiko Kawakami and Shen Zhenjiang
year 2006
title Study on Decision Support System for District Planning in Public Participation - A case study in Kanazawa City, Japan
source Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) 2006, Progress in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, ISBN-10: 90-386-1756-9, ISBN-13: 978-90-386-1756-5, p. 203-218
summary In this paper a design tool for promoting consensus between people within a decision support planning system at a district level in Japan is proposed. While opening necessary planning information to the public using WEGIS, VRML and other medias, the design tool is employed to exchange design elements in VRML world. These design elements are likely to be adopted by a local planning committee on making a decision of a district plan according to the Japanese legal system.
keywords Design tool, Regulation of townscape, District plan, VRML
series DDSS
last changed 2006/08/29 12:55

_id 401caadria2004
id 401caadria2004
authors Mitsuo Morozumi, Riken Homma
year 2004
title Assessment of the Use of 3D-Viewing and Mark-Up Tool for Rich Network Design Communication
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.589
source CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 589-600
summary Though there have been many successful examples of Virtual Design Studio, there still exist unsuccessful cases in which participants felt dissatisfied or even frustrated, especially at synchronous stages of design communication. A discussion that required designers to refer to 3D models was one of the situations where technical support was insufficient to satisfy the expectation of designers. Assuming that an interactive viewing of 3D models and use of a mark-up utility on a shared PC window could enhance such design communications (though this also requires network bandwidth and computational power) the author conducted experiments in design discussion between two designers to test the capability and effects of these tools for network collaborations. This paper discusses the framework and results of the experiments, and proposes the next step for system developments.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:58

_id ijac202018206
id ijac202018206
authors Mitterberger, Daniela and Tiziano Derme
year 2020
title Digital soil: Robotically 3D-printed granular bio-composites
source International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 18 - no. 2, 194-211
summary Organic granular materials offer a valid alternative for non-biodegradable composites widely adopted in building construction and digital fabrication. Despite the need to find alternatives to fuel-based solutions, current material research in architecture mostly supports strategies that favour predictable, durable and homogeneous solutions. Materials such as soil, due to their physical properties and volatile nature, present new challenges and potentials to change the way we manufacture, built and integrate material systems and environmental factors into the design process. This article proposes a novel fabrication framework that combines high-resolution three-dimensional- printed biodegradable materials with a novel robotic-additive manufacturing process for soil structures. Furthermore, the research reflects on concepts such as affordance and tolerance within the field of digital fabrication, especially in regards to bio-materials and robotic fabrication. Soil as a building material has a long tradition. New developments in earth construction show how earthen buildings can create novel, adaptive and sustainable structures. Nevertheless, existing large-scale earthen construction methods can only produce highly simplified shapes with rough geometrical articulations. This research proposes to use a robotic binder-jetting process that creates novel organic bio-composites to overcome such limitations of common earth constructions. In addition, this article shows how biological polymers, such as polysaccharides-based hydrogels, can be used as sustainable, biodegradable binding agents for soil aggregates. This article is divided into four main sections: architecture and affordance; tolerance versus precision; water-based binders; and robotic fabrication parameters. Digital Soil envisions a shift in the design practice and digital fabrication that builds on methods for tolerance handling. In this context, material and geometrical properties such as material porosity, hydraulic conductivity and natural evaporation rate affect the architectural resolution, introducing a design process driven by matter. Digital Soil shows the potential of a fully reversible biodegradable manufacturing process for load-bearing architectural elements, opening up new fields of application for sustainable material systems that can enhance the ecological potential of architectural construction.
keywords Robotic fabrication, adaptive materials, water-based fabrication, affordance, organic matter, additive manufacturing
series journal
email
last changed 2020/11/02 13:34

_id acadia19_586
id acadia19_586
authors Mitterberger, Daniela; Derme, Tiziano
year 2019
title Soil 3D Printing
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.586
source ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 586-595
summary Despite, the innovation of additive manufacturing (AM) technology, and in spite of the existence of natural bio-materials offering notable mechanical properties, materials used for AM are not necessarily more sustainable than materials used in traditional manufacturing. Furthermore, potential material savings may be partially overshadowed by the relative toxicity of the material and binders used for AM during fabrication and post-fabrication processes, as well as the energy usage necessary for the production and processing workflow. Soil as a building material offers a cheap, sustainable alternative to non-biodegradable material systems, and new developments in earth construction show how earthen buildings can create light, progressive, and sustainable structures. Nevertheless, existing large-scale earthen construction methods can only produce highly simplified shapes with rough detailing. This research proposes to use robotic additive manufacturing processes to overcome current limitations of constructing with earth, supporting complex three-dimensional geometries, and the creation of novel organic composites. More specifically the research focuses on robotic binder-jetting with granular bio-composites and non-toxic binding agents such as hydrogels. This paper is divided into two main sections: (1) biodegradable material system, and (2) multi-move robotic process, and describes the most crucial fabrication parameters such as compaction pressure, density of binders, deposition strategies and toolpath planning as well as identifying the architectural implications of using this novel biodegradable fabrication process. The combination of soil and hydrogel as building material shows the potential of a fully reversible construction process for architectural components and foresees its potential full-scale architectural implementations.
series ACADIA
type normal paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:58

_id acadia22pr_40
id acadia22pr_40
authors Mitterberger, Daniela; Derme, Tiziano; Imhof, Barbara
year 2022
title Degrees of Life - Human-Bacteria Interaction in Architectural Space
source ACADIA 2022: Hybrids and Haecceities [Projects Catalog of the 42nd Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9860805-7-4]. University of Pennsylvania Stuart Weitzman School of Design. 27-29 October 2022. edited by M. Akbarzadeh, D. Aviv, H. Jamelle, and R. Stuart-Smith. 40-45.
summary Degrees of Life is a responsive environment exhibited in February 2022 at Zentrum Fokus Forschung in Vienna. The project explored the interaction between humans and living systems at an architectural scale. The research aims to develop interactive environments within an architectural space that learn, grow, and decay in relation to human presence and behavior
series ACADIA
type project
email
last changed 2024/02/06 14:04

_id 8758
authors Miyagawa, T.
year 1997
title Construction manageability planning - A system for manageability analysis in construction planning
source Automation in Construction 6 (3) (1997) pp. 175-191
summary Engineers now routinely use planning tools to prepare and document master plans for construction. However, the tools do not evaluate how easy or difficult the plans will be to perform, i.e., their manageability. Furthermore, engineers can not carefully evaluate plan manageability because of time and resource limitations during the pre-construction designing and planning stages. Thus, construction managers often encounter unanticipated problems during the construction and start up period. Such problems might be avoided by changes in the design, building methods or construction plans. The Construction Manageability Planning System (CMy Planner) builds a master plan and schedule that explicitly represents the manageability of planned construction methods, schedules and resource utilization. The system simulates project execution and identifies potential risk factors in the plan and schedules, then predicts construction manageability in order to help project managers. This paper also discusses the results of predicting some aspects of a test case construction project. Low management influences in a given time span appears to cause later how manageability. Furthermore, the number of problems decreases after periods of high management influence. We infer that the project status at any time depends on a balance between the severity of the problems and the influence of management. Research suggests that computer tools can give early insight into management risks associated with a given master plan. Future project managers can use extensions of these computer tools to identify design, construction methods and planning assumptions that may lead to manageability problems.
series journal paper
more http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed 2003/05/15 21:22

_id caadria2017_079
id caadria2017_079
authors Miyake, Munetoshi, Fukuda, Tomohiro, Yabuki, Nobuyoshi and Motamedi, Ali
year 2017
title Outdoor MarkerLess Augmented Reality - A System for Visualizing Building Models Using Simultaneous Localization and Mapping
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2017.095
source P. Janssen, P. Loh, A. Raonic, M. A. Schnabel (eds.), Protocols, Flows, and Glitches - Proceedings of the 22nd CAADRIA Conference, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China, 5-8 April 2017, pp. 95-104
summary In this study, an Augmented Reality (AR) system is developed to be used for visualizing design projects of buildings. In such design projects, it is desirable to enable design stakeholders visualizing the outcomes of different design options to reduce the resistance and hesitation towards new design challenges. The research proposes an outdoor mark-er-less AR using Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) for the AR tracking. Our proposed system performs reconstruction and localization steps in real-time, as opposed to similar methods in which the reconstruction step is done offline. A case study has been performed for a de-sign scenario of buildings. The case study verified the performance of visualization and tracking.
keywords Architecture and urban environment; Augmented Reality (AR); Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM); Visualization
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:58

_id cf2015_421
id cf2015_421
authors Miyasaka, Elza Luli and Fabrício, Márcio Minto
year 2015
title Digital Fabrication in Brazil: Academic Production in the last decade
source The next city - New technologies and the future of the built environment [16th International Conference CAAD Futures 2015. Sao Paulo, July 8-10, 2015. Electronic Proceedings/ ISBN 978-85-85783-53-2] Sao Paulo, Brazil, July 8-10, 2015, pp. 421-433.
summary This work aims to review the literature on digital fabrication verifying the Brazilian status on a general view. Concerning the methodology, the research was carried out from 2004 to 2014 analyzing three aspects: 1. the situational context of digital fabrication; 2. digital fabrication in the design process; 3. the Brazilian status. The findings revealed the use of digital fabrication is mainly focused on the design process. Also, the most common objects in the research are the development of models, furniture and pavilions. Moreover, digital fabrication is increasingly being inserted in the syllabus of architecture schools. Brazil strikes in object production both in quantities and interests throughout the country.
keywords Digital Fabrication; design production, literature / review; CAD/ CAM architecture.
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 2015/06/29 07:55

_id sigradi2014_114
id sigradi2014_114
authors Miyasaka, Elza Luli; Jarryer A. De Martino
year 2014
title Processo de Projeto para a Produção de um Objeto Artístico com Utilização de Dados Parametrizados [Design to Production Process of an Artistic Object Using Parametric Data]
source SiGraDi 2014 [Proceedings of the 18th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-9974-99-655-7] Uruguay - Montevideo 12 - 14 November 2014, pp. 389-392
summary The aim of this paper is to present the contribution of architect that develops a freeform design process trought manipulation data to enable a artistic object.
keywords Visual arts; Parametric design; Generative system; Computer programming
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:55

_id sigradi2018_1495
id sigradi2018_1495
authors Miyasaka, Elza Luli; Paoletti, Ingrid; Minto Fabricio, Márcio
year 2018
title Thinking the fabrication of complex components in nowadays context
source SIGraDi 2018 [Proceedings of the 22nd Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Brazil, São Carlos 7 - 9 November 2018, pp. 668-675
summary Thanks to the influence of innovative technologies is possible to build complex shapes using sophisticated software and digital equipment capable to work with a huge amount of data. The aim of this paper is to discuss the design and production from the fence panels of United Arab Emirates (UAE) pavilion at International Exhibition in 2015 and the Tower CityLife Milano from Zaha Hadid’s office, in an attempt to understand how the customized components of the building walls were developed.
keywords Design for production; Design for manufacturing; Digital fabrication; Fabrication process; Mass customization
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2021/03/28 19:59

_id 2006_494
id 2006_494
authors Mizban, Nawara and Andrew Roberts
year 2006
title The Place of E-learning in Architectural Education - A Critical Review
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.494
source Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 494-501
summary E-learning is rapidly becoming a key element of institutional teaching and learning strategies with many academic departments seizing the opportunity to use technology to enhance their educational provision. This review aims to investigate the effects of E-learning on design teaching in schools of architecture. In order to achieve those aims, the outcome of a number of academic experiences conducted to explore E-learning in architectural design teaching, were analysed. The role of E-learning was critically analysed in design teaching, and consideration was given to the way in which E-learning might promote new learning environments, and learning methods. The review attempt to identify the barriers that might face schools of architecture when integrating E-learning in the design teaching, and resulting in short-lived project. The review formulated important findings that explain the reasons, which underpin the schools’ attempts to use E-learning in design teaching and how schools integrated different technologies in their learning.
keywords E-learning; Remote collaboration; Virtual design studio
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:58

_id ijac202322101
id ijac202322101
authors Mizobuti, Vinicius; Gabriela Lamanna Soares, Antonio Carlos Laraia Figueira de Mello
year 2024
title Encapsulating creative collaborations: A case study in the design of cement tiles
source International Journal of Architectural Computing 2024, Vol. 22 - no. 1, 1-25
summary Advances in computer-aided architectural design led to an increased interest in the field for cross-disciplinary creative collaborations. However, this process rarely accounts for the agents outside of the discipline’s intellectual framework, such as craftsmen, failing to include existing production capabilities in the digital transformation of the industry. To tackle this issue, we investigate an approach that implements encapsulated instruments as enablers of creative collaborations between computational designers and craftsmen. We evaluate this approach by designing three cement tile models, a traditional handmade construction element used in Brazil. The results demonstrate that encapsulated instruments expand the craft’s design space through creative decisions operated by the craftsman, and interviews with the tile makers elaborate on their perceived change in creative agency, identifying limitations when disrupting social roles and hierarchical relationships in craftsmanship. Results also raise opportunities for expanding this approach at other scales and systems, helping to democratize and distribute design knowledge.
keywords Computational making, creative design, digital fabrication, low-high architecture, technological appropriation
series journal
last changed 2024/07/18 13:03

_id 6943
id 6943
authors ML Maher, G Smith and JS Gero
year 2003
title DESIGN AGENTS IN 3D VIRTUALWORLDS
source IJCAI03 Workshop on Cognitive Modeling of Agents and Multi-Agent Interaction, R Sun (ed), IJCAI, Acapulco, pp 92-100.
summary Design agents are rational agents that monitor and modify elements of a designed environment. Special characteristics of design agents include the ability to reason about patterns and concepts, and the ability to act autonomously in modifying or changing the design to achieve their own goals. 3D Virtual Worlds are multi-user distributed systems that provide a designed environment and a closed world environment for studying design agents in a multiagent system. We present a model for a design agent reasoning process and a model for constructing a memory of the agent’s knowledge and interaction with a virtual world. The reasoning process includes sensation, perception, conception, hypothesizing, and planning a sequence of actions. Each agent has a constructed memory: a dynamic and changing view of the designed world that is determined by the agents sense data and reasoning. The agents construct and maintain a representation of the relevant objects in the world using a Function- Behavior-Structure formalism in order to reason about the intended and actual functions of the designed objects in the world. We have implemented this agent model by extending the Active Worlds platform so that each object in the 3D world can have agency. We illustrate the model with a door agent and a multi-agent room that reason about the use of the 3D world.
keywords design agents, virtual worlds, FBS framework
type normal paper
email
last changed 2004/04/10 02:47

_id acadia05_192
id acadia05_192
authors Modeen, Th,, Pasquire, C. and Soar, R.
year 2005
title Design Ground - An Iconic Tactile Surface
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2005.192
source Smart Architecture: Integration of Digital and Building Technologies [Proceedings of the 2005 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 0-9772832-0-8] Savannah (Georgia) 13-16 October 2005, pp. 192-199
summary This paper forms an intermediary summary of a project which aim is to suggest an alternate methodology for utilizing additive Rapid Manufacturing (an evolved rendition of Rapid Prototyping), for the conceptualization and fabrication of design and architecture. It plans to do so by establishing a methodology that is innate and a direct reflection of the additive RM production process. The project also aims to address the seemingly divisive discrepancy between the process of digitally conceiving a design and the intrinsically somatic way we perceive it. Such aims are explored through a surface design that is not predominantly guided by visually derived nodes but instead relies on a form of ‘tactile iconography’ as a means for expressing and amplifying various qualities and elements found in its vernacular. The resulting design would be very difficult, if not impossible, to make by any other means.
series ACADIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:58

_id ecaade03_351_165_modeen
id ecaade03_351_165_modeen
authors Modeen, Thomas
year 2003
title CADCAMing: The Use of Rapid Prototyping for the Conceptualization and Fabrication of Architecture
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.351
source Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 351-361
summary The objective of the study is to suggest a methodology for fabricating designs, through the use of Rapid Prototyping, that are innate to this mode of production. It endeavors to do so by involving a more inclusive sensory spectrum as an essential ingredient in the conceptualization and realization of a design
keywords Architecture; Design; Rapid Prototyping, Senses, Avaterial
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:58

_id 2004_292
id 2004_292
authors Modeen, Thomas
year 2004
title Using Solid Freeform Fabrication for the Conceptualization and Corporeal Actualization of Architecture
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.292
source Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 292-301
summary This paper forms an update to the paper presented ar eCAADe 2003, in Graz. It is a summary of a project which aim is to suggest an alternate methodology for utilizing additive Solid Freeform Fabrication (more commonly known as Rapid Prototyping), for the conceptualization and fabrication of design and architecture. It plans to do so by establishing a methodology that is innate and a direct reflection of the additive SFF production process. The project also aims to address the seemingly divisive discrepancy between the process of digitally conceiving a design and the intrinsically somatic way we perceive it. Whereas the paper in Graz introduced the conceptual foundations and the taxonomy of the project, the aim in this years paper is to present some of the realized designs and discuss, in brief, how what has been learnt could be furthered as the project proceeds. The three designs described in more detail in the paper, all catalyzed by a specific sensory notion, would have been very difficult, if not impossible, to fabricate by any other means than additive Solid Freeform Fabrication.
keywords Architecture, Design, Solid Freefrom Fabrication, Senses
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:58

_id ecaade2018_273
id ecaade2018_273
authors Modzelewska, Agnieszka
year 2018
title A Smooth Introduction to BIM in Interior Design Studies - The reversed 'in steps' design procedure.
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2018.1.289
source Kepczynska-Walczak, A, Bialkowski, S (eds.), Computing for a better tomorrow - Proceedings of the 36th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland, 19-21 September 2018, pp. 289-294
summary This article presents a specific description and findings in teaching architectural computing using 3D modeling software at the undergraduate level of Interior Design Studies (second academic year). This paper is mainly concerned with the analysis of issues and advantages resulting from teaching design through the "modeling first" in the overall design practice. By "the reversed 'in steps' design procedure" we recognize the design process encompassing the idea of "form first".We introduce BIM based modeling to Interior Design students at the undergraduate level through "in steps" procedure, which is the opposite to typical CAD procedures. With 3D model based method, the beginning of the design process by making the abstract, conceptual designs, and later translating it into design solutions are made possible. The use of BIM technology not only gives architecture, engineering, and construction professions tools to more efficient collaboration but also provides inventors such as architects with complete and integrated tools for the entire design development.
keywords interior design; education; BIM; 3D modelling; visualization
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:58

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