CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Hits 1 to 20 of 17676

_id ef83
authors Liu, A.M.M.
year 1999
title Residential satisfaction in housing estates: a Hong Kong perspective
source Automation in Construction 8 (4) (1999) pp. 511-524
summary Post-occupancy evaluation (POE) has been developed to address the problem of acquiring feedback from the occupants who are, arguably, in the best position to provide information for a future design database. This paper presents a study of the factors (on both physical and social levels), which influence residential satisfaction of a sample of occupants in a chosen residential area in Hong Kong; factor analysis and multiple regression were carried out on the data. A comparison is also made of the perceived factors of dissatisfaction amongst the public and private housing occupants. It is suggested that a wider systematic coverage of the subject through investigative and diagnostic POE should be carried out in Hong Kong.
series journal paper
more http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed 2003/05/15 21:22

_id caadria2018_103
id caadria2018_103
authors Liu, Chang, Zhang, Xu and Nagakura, Takehiko
year 2018
title PanoFrame: A Lightweight Panoramic Video Editing Tool for Storytelling with Spatial Content
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2018.2.567
source T. Fukuda, W. Huang, P. Janssen, K. Crolla, S. Alhadidi (eds.), Learning, Adapting and Prototyping - Proceedings of the 23rd CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 17-19 May 2018, pp. 567-576
summary As low-cost panoramic cameras become prevalent among non-professional consumers, an easy-to-use panoramic video editing tool is required for emerging storytellers. This paper proposes a lightweight online panoramic video editing tool for storytelling and explores a method of interpreting the same spatial content from different perspectives with panoramic videos. We conducted three experiments using different groups of participants to test how people create, understand, and interact with a panoramic video story in the proposed tool. The results reveal that this tool enables storytellers to work collaboratively and create multiple narratives from a panoramic video, and the generated panoramic video narratives are also more attractive to audiences than the raw video. This tool has the potential to be an ever-growing crowdsourcing community with a database of multiple narratives and creates opportunities for designers to record, learn about and present architectural and urban space from multiple perspectives.
keywords Storytelling; panoramic video; spatial content; multiple perspective narrative; crowdsourcing
series CAADRIA
email xu_z@mit.edu
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59

_id ecaade2017_067
id ecaade2017_067
authors Liu, Chenjun, Wang, Tsung-Hsien, Meagher, Mark and Peng, Chengzhi
year 2017
title Feather-inspired social media data processing for generating developable surfaces: Prototyping an affective architecture - Prototyping an affective architecture
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2017.1.181
source Fioravanti, A, Cursi, S, Elahmar, S, Gargaro, S, Loffreda, G, Novembri, G, Trento, A (eds.), ShoCK! - Sharing Computational Knowledge! - Proceedings of the 35th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, 20-22 September 2017, pp. 181-190
summary This paper presents the development of an interactive installation intended as a prototype of experimental affective architecture connected with social media data processing. Social moods and emotions are now spread more widely and faster than ever before due to pervasive uses of social media platforms. We explore how data processing of users' expressions and sharing of moods/emotions through social media can become a source of influences on shaping the form and behaviour of interactive architecture. The interactive prototyping method includes (1) a feather-inspired data-to-shape rule system together with the ShapeOp Library for generating strips as developable surfaces, (2) a physical computing platform built with Arduino micro-processor and shape memory alloy springs for actuation, and (3) physical model-making. As a prototype of social media aware affective architecture, an interactive installation design is proposed for a campus space where the actuation of the strip installation is linked to data processing of Twitter messages collated from users on campus. We reflect on the prototyping methodology and the implications of an architecture affected by people's expression of moods/emotions through social media.
keywords social media data processing; developable surfaces; interactive prototyping; shape memory alloy; elastic morphing; ShapeOp
series eCAADe
email c.peng@sheffield.ac.uk
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59

_id caadria2020_023
id caadria2020_023
authors Liu, Chenjun
year 2020
title Double Loops Parametric Design of Surface Steel Structure Based on Performance and Fabrication
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2020.1.023
source D. Holzer, W. Nakapan, A. Globa, I. Koh (eds.), RE: Anthropocene, Design in the Age of Humans - Proceedings of the 25th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-6 August 2020, pp. 23-33
summary In intelligent epoch, automatic parameter design systems reduce the requirements of the skills needed to create objects. The creator only needs to select the most perceptual primitive form to automatically generate the data system that iterates to the most efficient solution. In this paper, a method of combining performance driven optimization with parametric design is proposed. The iterative evolution is under the control of performance loop and fabrication loop, which makes all the data provided by parametric design in a practical project available for exploring structural analysis and digital prefabrication. Related to the case of surface steel structure, parametric optimization is not limited to a set of shape types or design problems, it would be based on the generality and built-in characteristics of parametric modelling environment in the most convenient and flexible way. (Rolvink et al. 2010)And the given parameters would be fed back on geometric structure, performance indicators, and design variables, so that designers can easily and effectively coordinate and try different solutions. The system transforms the generated data into machine language so that the process including design, analysis, manufacturing, and construction can maintain the orthogonal persistence of the data.
keywords parametric design; component prefabrication; curved steel structure; performance driven
series CAADRIA
email liuchenjun0@gmail.com
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59

_id 4e6e
authors Liu, Clive K. and Eastman, Charles M.
year 1981
title Object Grammars : Language for the Generation of Masonry Designs
source 20 p. ; ill April, 1981. includes bibliography.
summary Bricks, one of the oldest manufactured building materials, are used extensively in construction. Usually they are built into wall assemblies. In this paper, the construction of traditional masonry designs are investigated. Object grammars are defined for the recursive generation of the 3 dimensional wall designs. Also, the uses of object grammars are discussed
keywords shape grammars, objects, synthesis, assemblies, architecture, applications
series CADline
email chuck.eastman@arch.gatech.edu
last changed 2003/06/02 13:58

_id c327
authors Liu, Clive K.
year 1981
title A Graphic Processor for Computer-Aided Engineering Drawing
source October, 1981. 7 p
summary A drafting system whose purpose of is to provide an advanced tool for teaching engineering drawing and as a production tool for designers who regularly produce engineering drawings is described. The graphic processor is part of the system, which incorporates a set of operations that produce and manipulate graphic entities and that require graphic entities as operands. This paper examines the issues of constructing such a processor. Representations are proposed for 2D graphic objects, including points, line segments and segments generated by conic sections; which are predefined data types in the system. The geometric primitive operators take these objects as arguments and produce other graphic objects, and allow users to build up various construction operators and drawings with the same flexibility and generality allowed in, say, descriptive geometry. These operators, which are functions, can be combined as macro expressions that executed by the processor. This environment allows users to define their own macros for various tasks
keywords CAD, drafting, education, tools
series CADline
last changed 2003/06/02 13:58

_id 8c95
authors Liu, Clive K.
year 1984
title Drawings as Models for Design: A Computer Drawing System to Build Models Supporting Design Process through Abstractions
source Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh
summary A general design process can be characterized by the sequence of defining various abstract objects used to represent the artifact. For example, designers use various abstractions (dclined as abstrnct objects), such as graphs, polygons, etc., to represent the artifact. As design evolves, these abstract objects will be transformed into a definition (eg. of a building) detailed enough to allow manufacturing and to determine that the result will perform as desired. This thesis is concerned with providing a computer drawing system that could support various abstractions in the design process and allow various representations of the design to be processed and interpreted. A precise drawing contains not only the shape information, but also conveys many topological and geometric relations that its elements must hold to correspond to the arbfact in reality. For many operations during design, one wants these type of relations to be maintained. Other than the drawing being an iconic model, these relations are the semantics of the drawing and, if embedded in the drawing, imbue it with many characteristics of a symbolic model. Current CAD systems have no or limited mechanisms for embedding such relations in a drawing. It is my intent to demonstrate that drawings, especially for shape (both topologV and geometry) information, can be defined as various abstract objects during design process. Therefore, drawings are used as models to represent the artifact. When a model is manipulated, relations defined in the model are maintained.
series thesis:PhD
last changed 2003/02/12 22:37

_id 9d2e
authors Liu, H., Tang, M. and Frazer, J. H.
year 2002
title A Knowledge Based Collaborative Design Environment
source Gero JS and Brazier FMT (eds) (2002) Agents in Design 2002. Key Centre of Design Computing and Cognition, University of Sydney, pp. 233-246
summary In this paper, we propose an agent based collaborative design environment in which human designers and software agents interact with each other, exchange design information and keep track of state information to assist with collaborative design. First of all, it presents a hierarchical multi-agent system architecture for integrating design and engineering tools, software agents and human specialists in an open environment. The hierarchical multi-agent system architecture offers a promising framework with their novel approaches for dynamically creating and managing design tasks in widely distributed and ever-changing design environments. Secondly, it introduces a collaborative design process model and the dynamic management approach for collaborative design process. Then, the structure of a design agent, its static knowledge and dynamic knowledge are introduced respectively. The knowledge based design approach provides a foundation for supporting reusable design activities. Finally, the cooperative design process is illustrated by a bicycle design example.
series other
email sdhliu@polyu.edu.hk
last changed 2003/05/10 10:16

_id acadia19_404
id acadia19_404
authors Liu, Henan; Liao, Longtai; Srivastava, Akshay
year 2019
title AN ANONYMOUS COMPOSITION
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.404
source ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 404-411
summary Within the context of continuous technology transformations, the way scientists and designers process data is changing dramatically from simplification and explicit defined rules to searching and retrieving. Ideally, such a trending method can eliminate issues including deviation and ambiguity with the help of hypothetically unlimited computational power. To process data in this manner, artificial intelligence is necessary and needs to be integrated into the design process. An experiment of a design process that consists of a generative model, a data library, and a machine learning system (GAN) is introduced to demonstrate its effectiveness. The methodology is further evaluated by comparing its output with its input targets, which proves the possibility of employing machine learning systems to aggressively process data and automate the design process. Further improvement of such methodology, including judging criteria and possible applications, and the sensibility of the machine is also discussed at the end.
keywords Machine Learning, Automation, Variables, Data Processing, Sensibility, Generative Design
series ACADIA
type normal paper
email henanliu@umich.edu
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59

_id 91ea
authors Liu, J.
year 1997
title Quality prediction for concrete manufacturing
source Automation in Construction 5 (6) (1997) pp. 491-499
summary The problem of extracting information from several sources of information is a very important issue in intelligent systems. In the field of manufacturing concrete--one of the most common construction materials--in Hong Kong, this problem is quite common. There is no direct formulation of concrete mix for specified properties, and all of the mixes are designed by experience and subject to quality inconsistency due to many possible mixing variations. This paper describes an application of neural network techniques to the acquisition of qualitative knowledge during the production of concrete. It shows the capabilities of the developed model for the analysis and representation of production data and prediction of the quality of concrete under different mixing formulations. The simulation results indicate that the neural network's prediction is generally superior to those of conventional methods which often require time-consuming trial mixes for verifying the specified properties before mass production for use.
series journal paper
more http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed 2003/05/15 21:22

_id caadria2024_382
id caadria2024_382
authors Liu, Mengxuan, Yang, Chunxia and Fan, Zhaoxiang
year 2024
title Prediction, Simulation and Evaluation of Stay Behavior in Public Space Integrated With Microclimate
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2024.2.129
source Nicole Gardner, Christiane M. Herr, Likai Wang, Hirano Toshiki, Sumbul Ahmad Khan (eds.), ACCELERATED DESIGN - Proceedings of the 29th CAADRIA Conference, Singapore, 20-26 April 2024, Volume 2, pp. 129–138
summary As "users", individuals directly influence the use of space through their choices and decisions, ultimately determining the vitality of the space. Among these behaviours, stay behaviour significantly contributes to the dominance of space vitality due to its longer occupancy. Therefore, this study focuses on the stay behaviour in public spaces, with a specific emphasis on the choice and decision-making related to seating facilities. The study introduces a neural network model to analyse the influence weights of space and microclimate factors on the preferences of individuals. These weights are then integrated into a social force model to achieve the simulation and visualization of stay behaviour in public spaces. Building upon the results of behaviour simulation, the study evaluates the current utilization of seating facilities in existing public spaces. The original contribution of this study proposes a comprehensive workflow for the simulation of stay behaviour, encompassing "model construction - visualization - evaluation analysis - optimization." The aim is to provide insights for the quantitative analysis and rapid design of urban spatial environments.
keywords Public Space Analysis, Outdoor Activities, Behaviour simulation, Behaviour Prediction, Microclimate Perception
series CAADRIA
email 18346101349@163.com
last changed 2024/11/17 22:05

_id caadria2019_270
id caadria2019_270
authors Liu, Quan, Li, Xintian, Mao, Ming, Gu, Mengjie and Ye, Qingfeng
year 2019
title The Study on the Relationship between Storm Surface Runoff and the Form of Street-Block using the Cellular Automata Model
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.331
source M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 331-340
summary This paper focuses on the reduction of storm surface runoff through optimizing the layout of permeable green area and other morphological elements of the urban street-block, and a distributed hydrological model based on cellular automata (CA) are used to accurately distinguish the impact of storm runoff reduction of various blocks, accordingly helping to find the morphological principle of surface runoff optimization. The model includes morphological setting and hydrological setting. The morphological setting includes the shape and size, land cover, and slope of street-block. The hydrological setting is based on Nanjing, China and include the process of rainfall, infiltration, surface flow, out flow. Comparing the results of runoff indicators, it can be found that the runoff can be greatly influenced by the layout of morphological elements of street-block. Therefore, it can be reduced by optimization the form of street-block in design process.
keywords urban form; street-block; building fabric; storm surface runoff; cellular automata
series CAADRIA
email liuq@nju.edu.cn
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59

_id 5df9
authors Liu, Y.-T., Chang, Y.-Y. and Wong, C.-H.
year 2001
title Someone Somewhere Some Time in the Middle of Nowhere: Some Observations of Spatial Sense Formation in the Internet
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2001.037
source Architectural Information Management [19th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-8-1] Helsinki (Finland) 29-31 August 2001, pp. 37-41
summary Following a previous study which investigated the verbal and visual elements of cyberspace, this study examines the relationship different academic training and the perceptions of the verbal and visual elements found in the previous study. The results of this study seems to indicate that the perception of the verbal elements is not relative to the subject’s academic training while the perception of the visual elements is.
keywords Keywords. Theory Of Space, Virtual Reality, Virtual Space, Web-Based Design, Visual Perception
series eCAADe
email aleppo@arch.nctu.edu.tw
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59

_id 87e3
authors Liu, Y.-T., Shih, S.-C., Yeh, Y.-C. and Lee, H.-L.
year 2001
title Design Production and Appreciation with Computer and Internet - Evolving Phenomena of Design Review in CAD Studio and Internet-based Competition
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2001.382
source Architectural Information Management [19th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-8-1] Helsinki (Finland) 29-31 August 2001, pp. 382-387
summary This study intends to investigate some evolving phenomena of the interaction between design production and appreciation in the environment of computer and Internet. The result of this study indicates that the interaction between design production and appreciation during the review processes could differ significantly. The design production and appreciation seem to be more linear in CAD studio whereas more cyclic in the Internet environment.
keywords CAD Studio, Internet-Based Competition, Design Review
series eCAADe
email aleppo@arch.nctu.edu.tw
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59

_id da35
authors Liu, Y.T.
year 1994
title Some Phenomena of seeing shapes in design
source Design Studies, v 16, n 3, pp. 367-385
summary This paper is a look at some of the pyschological results that suggest how shape emergence manifest itself in the human mind. The first interesting result goes back to top down expectation guiding recognition. Some experimental suggest that it is easier (quicker) to recognize shapes which we have some alternate mental familiarity. (I.E. verbal, structural descriptions). So if we can easily say a shape then we can easily discern it as an emergent shape. The paper then goes on to discuss the definition of emergent subshapes and gives various authors definitions of what makes up and emergent shape. One interesting classification is the difference between explicit and implicit emergent shapes made by Mitchell. This difference amounts to a fine line between imagination and emergence. The results of an experiment between experienced and in-experienced designers is discussed. The results suggest that experienced designers are able to find more emergent shape than non experienced designers. From these results and from the opinions of others, the author goes on to specify 3 phenomena related to emergent recognition. The first is as above that it is easier to see shapes with which we are familiar. Second from this, the harder shapes are found after the initial period. Third, from the first two, time is required to find more subshapes. The author then searches for an explanation of this phenomena. He suggests that the underlying cause is related to an experience person having a lower threshold of what it is to be a member of a shape. When seeing an L shape the experienced design is likely to consider it also a square, because his requirement for the set of features which must be present for some object to be a considered a square is a smaller set than the inexperienced. While the author suggests that this is a phenomena it is actually an hypothesis. An alternate hypothesis may be that top down inhibitions effect the bottom up performance of the inexperienced design more because of different representation.
series journal paper
email aleppo@arch.nctu.edu.tw
last changed 2003/04/23 15:14

_id caadria2023_129
id caadria2023_129
authors Liu, Yisi, Webb, Nick and Brown, Andre
year 2023
title The Re-creation of a Demolished House Based on Collective Memory
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.1.363
source Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 363–372
summary This paper investigates how the collective memory of an architectural setting can be captured, re-created, and re-experienced. The method uses a workflow to create a Virtual Environment (VE) from diverse sources in an interpretational and iterative process. A case study was implemented to test this workflow, focusing on the re-creation of a now demolished family home based on information from multiple generations of a family. The workflow's main output is a VE in which the family members can re-experience the house and give continuous feedback. The essence of this workflow is the constant negotiation between remembered space in memory and its digital interpretation in the VE. The output was assessed and refined according to the users' feedback, which is used to loop back to specific stages in the workflow. This process revealed undisclosed histories and enhanced our understanding of this demolished site and its wider context. Moreover, the workflow provides a model for studying conceptually recreated spaces based on subjective sources and provides a user-centred experience in the VE.
keywords Demolished houses, Collective memory, Interpretation, Virtual environment, User-centred
series CAADRIA
email liuyisi1988@gmail.com
last changed 2023/06/15 23:14

_id sigradi2023_189
id sigradi2023_189
authors Liu, Yiyun, Dai, Sida, Kleiss, Michael, Alani, Mostafa and Pebryani, Nyoman
year 2023
title Manufacturing Methodology for Precast Concrete Tiles with Morphing Shapes
source García Amen, F, Goni Fitipaldo, A L and Armagno Gentile, Á (eds.), Accelerated Landscapes - Proceedings of the XXVII International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2023), Punta del Este, Maldonado, Uruguay, 29 November - 1 December 2023, pp. 67–78
summary This study presents a novel, sustainable method for producing diverse concrete tiles with a reusable mould, addressing the waste issue associated with traditional tile moulds. Our digital manufacturing system, composed of a Rhino Grasshopper-based design system and an electric actuator-based kinetic mechanism, simplifies the construction process and lowers costs. The effectiveness of this method is showcased through six case studies, demonstrating its adaptability in diverse morphing tile designs, including the reinterpretation of traditional Islamic pattern. This approach opens new possibilities for the cost-effective, sustainable, and versatile use of concrete tiles in architecture.
keywords Additive Manufacturing, Concrete, Actuated Mould, Morph, Tessellation Tile
series SIGraDi
email yl2933@cornell.edu
last changed 2024/03/08 14:06

_id 4a5f
authors Liu, Yu-Tung
year 1993
title Recognizing Emergent Subshapes in Design Problem Solving: A Connectionist Investigation
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1993.131
source Education and Practice: The Critical Interface [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-02-0] Texas (Texas / USA) 1993, pp. 131-139
summary Human problem-solving behavior has been modelled as a search through the space as defined as problem states, within which earlier states move to subsequent ones by applying rules in the human mind until the goal state is found. This cognitive model of problem-solving has been broadly accepted and has become dominant in both cognitive psychology and artificial intelligence (AI). In the field of computeraided architectural design (CAAD), search models are also widely used for solving design problems, although various foci of design knowledge are differently represented by shape grammars, graphs, and knowledge-based systems using predicate logic for different purports.

In design search, design evolves from one state to another by exhaustively or heuristically applying proper rules. Each rule application involves, first, pattern-matching the antecedent of a rule to the current state and, second, transforming the matched portion of that state into the consequence of the rule. However pattern-matching techniques of current CAAD systems are still limited. In current CAAD systems, only those two squares can be dealt with by patternmatching for further development. However, a human designer can effortlessly recognize not only those two but other emergent subshapes, for example a smaller square in the middle where the two squares overlap and two L-shapes in the corners. Therefore a human designer can thoroughly deliberate all these alternatives before making a decision. In other words, human designer is capable of restructuring shapes in terms of emergent subshapes in any step of designing.

series ACADIA
email aleppo@arch.nctu.edu.tw
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59

_id e546
authors Liu, Yu-Tung
year 2000
title The Evolving Concept of Space: From Hsinchu Museum of Arts to the Digital City Art Center
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2000.009.2
source ACADIA Quarterly, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 9-11
summary From a functional point of view, a museum of arts is a space used for collecting works of art. This is, however, a spatial concept held prior to the 20th century: the center of focus in spatial design is the collections (focusing on “objects” as opposed to “users”). In the 20th century, the museum has evolved into a space for the interactivity between the viewers and the objects, with the concept of design shifting to that of placing equal emphasis on both the user and the object?at times the role of the user is even given greater emphasis in the design process without a conscious intent on the part of the designer. The coming century is one that we believe will be confronted with incredible waves caused by the impact of computers, the ultimate machines of digitization. At this junction, we often say that we are going to have new ways of thinking, new cities and new concepts of space. However, what should these new things be?
series ACADIA
email aleppo@arch.nctu.edu.tw
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59

_id 6006
authors Liu, Yu-Tung and Bai, Rui-Yuan
year 2001
title The Hsinchu experience: a computerized procedure for visual impact analysis and assessment
source Automation in Construction 10 (3) (2001) pp. 337-343
summary This paper examines the procedure of visual impact analysis and assessment (VIAA) proposed by Rahman and reviews the use of computer-aided design (CAD) applications in urban projects in the real world. A preliminary computerized procedure for VIAA is proposed. An experiment was conducted in our laboratory to verify the preliminary procedure. In order to further study the revised procedure in real urban projects, it was also applied into the renew project of The Eastern Gate Plaza located in the center of Hsinchu, Taiwan from 1996 to 1998. Based on the face-to-face discussions with Hsinchu habitants, government officials, and professional designers, a final computerized procedure for VIAA is concluded.
series journal paper
more http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed 2003/05/15 21:22

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