Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	cf2009_poster_07
id	cf2009_poster_07
authors	Ashraf, Mohamed-Ahmed and Pierre Côté
year	2009
title	The Impact of Three Cognitive Functions on Digital Media Aided Architectural Ideation: A Proposed Investigation
source	T. Tidafi and T. Dorta (eds) Joining Languages Cultures and Visions: CAADFutures 2009 CD-Rom
summary	From a cognitivist perspective the architectural design seen as an iterative process of search for an “acceptable” solution from initial design assumptions (Simon 1974) requires representation. These representation which may be internal (mental/cognitive activities) and external (sketches 3D models) are essential to any creative act and in all phases of the design process since they constitute a projection of the architect’s thought and know-how.
keywords	Cognitive function, ideation
series	CAAD Futures
type	poster
email
last changed	2009/07/08 22:12

_id	ecaade2009_151
id	ecaade2009_151
authors	Ehsani, Ehsan; Chase, Scott
year	2009
title	Using Virtual Worlds as Collaborative Environments for Innovation and Design: Lessons Learned and Observations from Case Studies in Architectural Projects
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.523
source	Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 523-532
summary	In this paper we discuss observations and lessons learned in conducting architectural design projects in virtual worlds. By integrating a community of users in virtual worlds into a collaborative architectural design process, organisations can tap the community’s creativity and intelligence through immersive technology. The paper provides an overview of the latest advances of information and communication technologies in immersive virtual environments and discusses some of the observations and lessons learned which should be taken into account in developing collaboration models for such activities. Here we propose four modes of collaboration, based on the choices for degree of openness and governance structure, which are illustrated by four case studies.
wos	WOS:000334282200063
keywords	Virtual worlds, open source collaboration, online communities, collaborative design, open innovation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ijac20097102
id	ijac20097102
authors	Georgopoulos, A.; Ioannidis, C.h.; Chrysostomou, C.h.; Ioakim, S.; Shieittanis, N.; Ioannides, M.
year	2009
title	Contemporary Digital Methods for the Geometric Documentation of Churches in Cyprus
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 7 - no. 1, 21-37
summary	Recent advances in digital methods incorporating information technology have enabled the traditional surveyor and monument recorder to work faster, more accurately and in an automated way in order to produce advanced digital products, more versatile and more useful to the end users. Such methods include tacheometry, digital photogrammetry, as image-based method, terrestrial laser scanning and the development of specialized software in order to fully exploit the digital data acquisition. Usually, a combination of these methods gives the most efficient cost benefit results, by providing 2D vector and raster products and 3D textured models. In this paper two examples of the implementation of these methods in the geometric documentation of two churches, both significant for the history of Cyprus, are presented. It is concerned with the churches of Virgin Mary (Panayia) Podithou, in Galata and St. George Nikoxylitis in Droushia. The applied methodology, using classical and contemporary techniques of commercial and in-house developed software is presented. Comparative tests for the achieved accuracies and the completeness of each method's products have been made, and their merits and usefulness are explained.
series	journal
last changed	2009/06/23 08:07

_id	sigradi2009_1189
id	sigradi2009_1189
authors	Nardelli, Eduardo Sampaio; Charles C Vincent
year	2009
title	O Estado da Arte das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação – TICs – e a realidade contemporânea da prática de projeto nos escritórios de Arquitetura paulistanos [The State of Art of Communication and Information Technology and the current reality in architecture studios of São Paulo city]
source	SIGraDi 2009 - Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Sao Paulo, Brazil, November 16-18, 2009
summary	This work presents a report of the actual penetration of digital technologies in the contemporary production in the São Paulo city architectural practice. The report identifies how much digital resources are employed in the practice in a State of the Art level as defined by Oxman (2006) in her theoretical framework.
keywords	architecture; architectural design; digital technologies; computer graphics; information and communicationtechnologies
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:55

_id	621b
id	621b
authors	Peng, W and Gero, JS
year	2009
title	A Design Interaction Tool That Adapts
source	VDM Verlag
summary	Despite different computerised approaches have been hardwired to solve various complex practical problems; few are founded on an adaptive paradigm such that a computational model interacts with its environment, loosely wires itself and learns from experience like humans do. This book presents our attempt to craft a computational model that learns from interactions and adapts based on its experience. We draw ideas from cognitive psychology in relation to human experiential learning, particularly the notions of ?situatedness?, ?constructive memory? and ?concept formation?. When applied to design activities, which are intrinsically dynamic and interactive, this model constructs concepts from interactions between the agent, the design problem and the use of the design tool. Such a design interaction tool generates knowledge based on the agent?s grounded generalisation from contextual information in a situated manner. Adaptive behaviours emerge from coupled interactions of the system from a macroscopic and a microscopic level. This book is suitable for researchers and students interested in pursuing computerised approaches based on cognitive science and natural computing.
keywords	interaction, situated agents, adaptation
series	book
type	normal paper
email
more	http://www.amazon.com/Design-Interaction-Tool-That-Adapts/dp/363913589X/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1241365175&sr=1-3
last changed	2009/09/11 18:25

_id	ijac20097110
id	ijac20097110
authors	Ruhland, K.; Sedlmair, M.; Bioletti, S.; O'Sullivan, C.
year	2009
title	LibViz: Data Visualisation of the Old Library
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 7 - no. 1, 177-192
summary	The Old Library of Trinity College Dublin, built in 1732, is an internationally renowned research library. In recent decades it has also become a major tourist attraction in Dublin, with the display of the Book of Kells within the Old Library now drawing over half a million visitors per year. The Preservation and Conservation Department of the Library has raised concerns about the impact of the environment on the collection. The location of the building in the city centre, large visitor numbers, and the conditions within the building are putting the collection at risk. In developing a strategic plan to find solutions to these problems, the department has been assessing and documenting the current situation. This paper introduces ongoing work on a system to visualise the collected data, which includes: dust levels and dispersion, internal and external temperature and relative humidity levels, and visitor numbers in the Old Library. We are developing a user interface for which the data, originally stored in various file formats, is consolidated in a database which can be explored using a 3D virtual reconstruction of the Old Library. With this novel technique, it is also possible to compare and assess the relationships between the various datasets in context.
series	journal
last changed	2009/06/23 08:07

_id	ascaad2009_regina_ruschel
id	ascaad2009_regina_ruschel
authors	Ruschel, Regina C.; Ana Lúcia C.N. Harris; Silvia A.M.G. Pina; Ana Maria M.G. Monteiro; Núbia Bernardi; Daniel C. Moreira; Ana Regina M. Cuperschmid and Autímio B. Guimarães Filho
year	2009
title	Beyond Traditional CAAD: E-Learning supporting design thinking
source	Digitizing Architecture: Formalization and Content [4th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2009) / ISBN 978-99901-06-77-0], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 11-12 May 2009, pp. 71-87
summary	A study based on a post-occupancy-evaluation (POE), conducted in housing developments in the region of Campinas, Brazil, evaluated quality of life and sustainability indicators. These indicators were then related to site planning design guideline for low-income public housing projects that considered recommendations for integrated community and security, street and path system and parking, public and private open space and landscaping. Since this work is part of a broader study, which aims to develop evaluation tools, the proposed design guidelines were used by students in a graduate class, in order to verify its effectiveness. Bloom’s Taxonomy was used to determine educational goals for design thinking in this class. First design thinking was instigated based on students’ prior knowledge of life quality and sustainability indicators for housing design. Comprehension of proposed design guidelines was stimulated by the reading and discussion of related literature, paraphrasing or extension of proposed design guidelines and respective illustration with reference images. An existing low-income housing development, with award winning design, was selected and an evaluation of its conformance to proposed design guidelines was conducted comparing site or design images to reference images. This evaluation subsidized a design exercise for the selected housing development. The class was offered as a partially distance course with an agenda including: tutorials, theoretical classes, seminars and conceptual discussions. A new Brazilian open source e-learning environment was experimented and critiqued. Beyond traditional CAAD tools others such as wiki, blog, polls, chat, conferencing, web authoring and visit broadcasting supported collaborative learning and design. Results indicate the viability of design teaching in distance education courses for competent designers; however the experience shows the need for innovation in synchronous communication and visualization tools specific for architectural design users. Students evaluation of selected housing development and final projects indicate that the proposed guidelines for low-income public housing projects successfully supports the decision making process in order to incorporate quality of life and sustainability indicators in design. The experience presents a model of design education which incorporates technology integrated to human and environmental dimensions.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2009/06/30 08:12

_id	sigradi2009_1161
id	sigradi2009_1161
authors	Souza, Dennis Flores; Paulo Sérgio Scarazzato
year	2009
title	Estudos e Avaliações Pós-Ocupação da Iluminação no Espaço Construído através de Imagens HDR e Câmeras Digitais Compactas [Lighting Studies and Post-Occupancy Evaluation With HDR Images and Compact Digital Cameras]
source	SIGraDi 2009 - Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Sao Paulo, Brazil, November 16-18, 2009
summary	Nowadays HDR images are becoming a useful tool in lighting studies and post-occupancy evaluation. However, this technique requires cameras with manual control, and these features are not common on contemporary snapshot cameras, usually labeled as “amateurs”. However, all cameras have some kind of control that allows taking pictures with different exposures. This paper examines the possibility of making HDR images from digital compact cameras, as a way to contribute with a more accessible method for lighting studies. Tests were done in actual spaces and luminances were also measured by luminance meter. The comparison between both measures showed fairly correlative values.
keywords	HDR images; compact digital cameras; lighting; built environment; evaluation
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 10:00

_id	ecaade2009_016
id	ecaade2009_016
authors	Sprecher, Aaron; Kalnitz, Paul
year	2009
title	From Formal to Behavioral Architecture: Few Notes on the Abstraction of Function
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.161
source	Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 161-166
summary	With the advent of information theories, contemporary architecture is approached in terms of the energetic formations of memorization, association and connection. The former architectural diagram becomes a concretization, an instance, one possibility, of an operational code. Memorization refers to the ability of architecture to embed information within the deepest composition of matter. Architectural performance has always been revealed by the integration, or association, of multiple parameters. Connections are vectors which fuse the knowledge of heterogeneous symbiotic human environments. In the “C-chair”, a project by our laboratory Open Source Architecture, abstract objects such as points, lines, and surfaces act as memorizers of information. As the codified system reacts to external forces, an association of two distinct graph structures is developed and connections are formed as the architectural object emerges.
wos	WOS:000334282200019
keywords	Computational algorithm, information theory, computing design, energetic architecture, behavioral system
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ijac20097303
id	ijac20097303
authors	Taron, Joshua M.
year	2009
title	Interactive Hemostasis Modeling in Urban Network Design
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 7 - no. 3,375-387
summary	This paper describes a type of project that images a city as it might exist given the integration of hemostatic procedures within pedestrian networks during emergencies requiring full-scale egress from an urban core. It articulates the steps taken to integrate a pre-existing C++ hemostasis model (C. Jacob, 2008) into Maya software in order to describe how the project operates on a computational level. By projecting these agent-based logics directly into/onto each pedestrian in the city (the smallest unit of the system), egress-oriented infrastructure can shift from being extensively predetermined in form (concrete barriers, metal railing, police barricades, etc.), to something more intensively defined, real-time, and locally on-demand. These procedures are situated within a larger schema based on the structural principles of Norbert Wiener's cybernetic feedback loops, that acknowledge and allow for hybrid (top-down + bottom-up) awareness and control within systems. The project attempts to ally itself with emerging forms of network design with similar structural typologies supported through the use of personal mobile devices (PMDs) in urban environments.
series	journal
last changed	2009/10/20 08:02

_id	ascaad2009_c_tonn
id	ascaad2009_c_tonn
authors	Tonn, C.; Petzold, F. and Donath, D.
year	2009
title	See-Through History: 3D augmented reality for the reconstruction of the Bauhaus director’s office reception area from 1923
source	Digitizing Architecture: Formalization and Content [4th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2009) / ISBN 978-99901-06-77-0], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 11-12 May 2009, pp. 259-267
summary	Working in existing built contexts is an essential aspect of most architects’ activities. The development of a conceptual and technological basis for the digital support of design directly on site, with and within the existing building is the main focus of the research project "Spatial Augmented Reality for Architecture”. This article describes one part of the research project: the final evaluation of the technologies developed and the concepts applied for an architectural colour reconstruction scenario on site. This project is funded by the German Research Foundation (“DFG”).
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2009/06/30 08:12

_id	1042
id	1042
authors	Tsai, J J-H and Gero JS
year	2009
title	Unified Energy-Based Qualitative Representation for Building Analysis
source	in J McDonnell and P Lloyd (eds), About: Designing. Analysing Design Meetings, CRC Press, pp. 213-229.
summary	Currently, when designers develop a building design project, different representations are used for different building subsystems, such as spatial system, electrical system, lighting system, hydraulic system and HVAC. These representations are mainly used in the final design documentation stage. This book presents a qualitative approach to the development of a unified energy-based representation for building analysis called qualitative Archi Bond Graphs (QABGs). QABGs integrate different representations in the architectural domain into a unified representation. They can be applied in the conceptual, intermediate, and final building design stages. Combining graphical representations and qualitative equations, QABGs are applicable for building simulation and analysis for building dynamics in the space-people system and the building energy systems, and for energy interactions between the space-people system and the building energy systems.
series	book
type	normal paper
email
more	http://www.amazon.com/Energy-based-Qualitative-Representation-Building-Analysis/dp/3639165470/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1248448107&sr=1-1
last changed	2009/09/11 18:22

_id	acadia22pr_124
id	acadia22pr_124
authors	Ago, Viola; Tursack, Hans
year	2022
title	Understorey - A Pavilion in Parts
source	ACADIA 2022: Hybrids and Haecceities [Projects Catalog of the 42nd Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9860805-7-4]. University of Pennsylvania Stuart Weitzman School of Design. 27-29 October 2022. edited by M. Akbarzadeh, D. Aviv, H. Jamelle, and R. Stuart-Smith. 124-129.
summary	In the summer of 2018, our collaboration was awarded a University Design Fellowship from the Exhibit Columbus organization to design, fabricate, and build a large pavilion in Columbus, Indiana as part of a biannual contemporary architecture exhibition. Our proposal for the competition was a pavilion that would double as an ecological education center. Our inspiration for this program was triggered in part by our reading of Jane Bennett’s materialist philosophy outlined in her book Vibrant Matter (2009). Through Bennett’s lens, our design rendered our site’s context as an animate field, replete with pre-existing material composites that we wanted to celebrate through a series of displays, information boards, and artificial lighting. In this, the installation would feature samples of local plants, minerals, and rocks, indigenous to Southern Indiana.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2024/02/06 14:06

_id	ascaad2009_amal_al-ali
id	ascaad2009_amal_al-ali
authors	Al-Ali, Amal and P. Sharma
year	2009
title	Creativity and Collaboration in Architecture Education in the UAE
source	Digitizing Architecture: Formalization and Content [4th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2009) / ISBN 978-99901-06-77-0], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 11-12 May 2009, pp. 245-256
summary	A review of national government literature indicates that today’s knowledge-driven economy demands a workforce equipped with complex skills and attitudes. Examples of these skills and attitudes are general problems solving, meta-cognitive skills, critical thinking and lifelong learning. Reviews of the Architecture, Engineering and Construction industry indicates a gap between architecture practice and education. The Egan report states that there is a need for a change of style, culture and process within the construction industry and it identified five driving forces, the report also recognised that the achievement of these driving forces is linked to training and education. Education must not only teach the necessary technical skills and knowledge, but also the culture of teamwork, collaborative work and creativity. The construction boom in the United Arab Emirates combined with the country’s mission to highly educate and train its nationals to be able to tackle market challenges provoked the necessity of implementing the culture of creativity and collaboration in education system. On the other hand, use of technology in education has been proven to facilitate and enhance the learning process. This paper will highlight the importance of implementing the virtual design studio as a technlogical platform in architecture education in the UAE in a way that aims to promote the culture of creativity and collaboration through the use of technology.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2009/06/30 08:12

_id	ascaad2014_023
id	ascaad2014_023
authors	Al-Maiyah, Sura and Hisham Elkadi
year	2014
title	Assessing the Use of Advanced Daylight Simulation Modelling Tools in Enhancing the Student Learning Experience
source	Digital Crafting [7th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2014 / ISBN 978-603-90142-5-6], Jeddah (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia), 31 March - 3 April 2014, pp. 303-313
summary	In architecture schools, where the ‘studio culture’ lies at the heart of students’ learning, taught courses, particularly technology ones, are often seen as secondary or supplementary units. Successful delivery of such courses, where students can act effectively, be motivated and engaged, is a rather demanding task requiring careful planning and the use of various teaching styles. A recent challenge that faces architecture education today, and subsequently influences the way technology courses are being designed, is the growing trend in practice towards environmentally responsive design and the need for graduates with new skills in sustainable construction and urban ecology (HEFCE’s consultation document, 2005). This article presents the role of innovative simulation modelling tools in the enhancement of the student learning experience and professional development. Reference is made to a teaching practice that has recently been applied at Portsmouth School of Architecture in the United Kingdom and piloted at Deakin University in Australia. The work focuses on the structure and delivery of one of the two main technology units in the second year architecture programme that underwent two main phases of revision during the academic years 2009/10 and 2010/11. The article examines the inclusion of advanced daylight simulation modelling tools in the unit programme, and measures the effectiveness of enhancing its delivery as a key component of the curriculum on the student learning experience. A main objective of the work was to explain whether or not the introduction of a simulation modelling component, and the later improvement of its integration with the course programme and assessment, has contributed to a better learning experience and level of engagement. Student feedback and the grade distribution pattern over the last three academic years were collected and analyzed. The analysis of student feedback on the revised modelling component showed a positive influence on the learning experience and level of satisfaction and engagement. An improvement in student performance was also recorded over the last two academic years and following the implementation of new assessment design.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2016/02/15 13:09

_id	ecaade2009_170
id	ecaade2009_170
authors	Alaçam Aslan, Sema; Çagdas, Gülen
year	2009
title	Comparison of Designers’ Modeling Approaches During Architectural Design Process
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.753
source	Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 753-758
summary	This study has been started as a part of a research, related to exploring impact of novel interfaces during collaborative architectural design process on designers’ way of thinking. However, in this paper it is intended to focus on how the input devices reflect on designers’ modeling behavior in computer environment. Therefore it is intended to compare designer’s modeling approaches in computer environment via a case study. Four master students in architectural design computing graduate program have attended to the case study. The findings of the case study is presented and evaluated in the discussion section.
wos	WOS:000334282200091
keywords	Architectural modeling, design interface, interactive techniques, human-computer interaction
series	eCAADe
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ascaad2009_hussein_albotany
id	ascaad2009_hussein_albotany
authors	Albotany, Hussein S.
year	2009
title	Development of Digital City Models Using 3d GIS
source	Digitizing Architecture: Formalization and Content [4th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2009) / ISBN 978-99901-06-77-0], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 11-12 May 2009, pp. 409-418
summary	“Digital city” is a copy of an actual city in the virtual space. It is expected to play an important role in urban planning, disaster simulation etc. Recent advanced remote sensing technologies, which are capable to quickly provide detailed information of city areas, ease the construction of 3D city models. Urbanization has evinced interest from a wide section of the society including experts, amateurs and novices. With the development and infrastructure initiatives mostly around the urban centers, the impacts of urbanization and sprawl would be on the environment and the natural resources. The research introduces an application of 3D GIS on Manama City.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2009/06/30 08:12

_id	sigradi2009_890
id	sigradi2009_890
authors	Almeida, Fábio de
year	2009
title	Documentação e Comunicação Digital do Patrimônio Arquitetônico Moderno: Centro Técnico de Aeronáutica – CTA [Documentation and Communication Digital Architectural Heritage Classic: Aerospace Technical Center - CTA]
source	SIGraDi 2009 - Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Sao Paulo, Brazil, November 16-18, 2009
summary	This paper intends to contribute for the analysis of the digital representation applied for documentation, communication and diffusion of architecture as cultural heritage, more specifically the production and communication of informations about buildings and sites of modern movement, arguing the possibilities and limits of this instrumental for the best understanding, recognition, evaluation and diffusion of the architecture on a historiographical perspective. As studies of cases, were selected buildings of an important technical center of aeronautic of Brazil, the CTA (Centro Técnico de Aeronáutica) in São José dos Campos, State of São Paulo.
keywords	surveying and reconstruction; Digital Heritage; Modern Movement
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	caadria2009_021
id	caadria2009_021
authors	Ambrose, Michael A.
year	2009
title	BIM and Comprehensive Design Studio Education
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2009.757
source	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Yunlin (Taiwan) 22-25 April 2009, pp. 757-760
summary	Building Information Modeling (BIM) has the potential to fundamentally alter the way composition, scale and abstraction are addressed in today’s comprehensive design studio by displacing the primacy of abstract conventions of representation with a methodology based on systems thinking and virtual simulation. BIM viewed as provocateur of design education provides great potential for the critical analysis of how architectural design is taught. The design studio project reflects new ways of teaching and addressing BIM methods and processes, and critically evaluating their effects and possibilities on architectural production.
keywords	Education; design theory; design studies; animation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	sigradi2009_854
id	sigradi2009_854
authors	Antoniazzi, Asdrubal; Airton Cattani; Jaqueline Viel Caberlon Pedoni
year	2009
title	Procedimentos metodológicos para simulação computacional de ambientes históricos [Methodological procedures for computer simulation of historical surroundings]
source	SIGraDi 2009 - Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Sao Paulo, Brazil, November 16-18, 2009
summary	This study aims to present a classification of methodological procedures for using computer programmes to simulate architectural historical heritage. Produced for a Master’s Degree dissertation in Architecture, the methodology was developed based on several analyses of applications, possibilities and restrictions, with the assistance of photogrammetric reconstruction and several computer-graphics programmes. The files generated enable production of animations recording the changes experienced by buildings at various historical periods. These procedures were applied to the simulation of several buildings around the Praça Dante Alighieri in the centre of Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, demonstrating their appropriateness and effectiveness and also showing the potential of computer-simulation resources for the historical environment, both educationally and in appreciation of architectural heritage.
keywords	Three-dimensional geometric modelling; Computer simulation; Digital reconstruction; Historical environment
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

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