Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	caadria2010_055
id	caadria2010_055
authors	Chen, Zi-Ru; Chung-Yang Wang, Pei-Chien Hung and Yu-Tung Liu
year	2010
title	Preliminary tectonic phenomena of diversified architectural spatial forms in digital age
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2010.599
source	Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Hong Kong 7-10 April 2010, pp. 599-608
summary	The research on tectonics in the architectural field began from the middle of nineteenth century and in recent twenty years digital technology gradually developed and permeated through the field of architecture. Liu and Lim (2006, 2009) integrated classic and digital tectonic factors a present framework of new tectonics. However, the previous studies related to the tectonics in this digital age were only on architectural cases that use a great deal of digital media. The research wants to know what and how the tectonic factors affect the different spatial forms of modern architecture and focused on a case study of the diversified spatial forms, orthogonal, folding and curving. The results show the classic tectonic thinking is imperative until now. It is critical to prove the significance of adding the new digital tectonic factors in digital age.
keywords	Digital and classic tectonics; spatial form; digital media
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	acadia10_45
id	acadia10_45
authors	Saggio, Antonino
year	2010
title	Information is the Raw Material of a New Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2010.045
source	ACADIA 10: LIFE in:formation, On Responsive Information and Variations in Architecture [Proceedings of the 30th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-4507-3471-4] New York 21-24 October, 2010), pp. 45-48
summary	The brief of this 2010 Acadia conference is Life in Formation: On Responsive Information and Variations in Architecture, and it will discuss “on the influence of computing and its impact on the changing nature of information.” But at this point an interesting question should be answered. What is information? What is its specific significance in the area of information technology? How could information be considered the “raw material” in the most advanced architectural experimentation over the past few years? This essay wants to demonstrate the effectiveness of the affirmation: Information is the Raw material of a New architecture. To further expand the thesis and to access bibliography and notes, see the many books of the “IT revolution in Architecture Book Series” Birkhäuser (Basel, Boston) and EdilStampa (Rome) and the last book of the author “The IT Revolution In Architecture, Thoughts on a Paradigm Shift” Carocci,(Rome) 2007 translated in English in ITool and distributed by Lulu.com.
series	ACADIA
type	panel paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	sigradi2010_294
id	sigradi2010_294
authors	Germen, Murat; Kavlak Emrah
year	2010
title	Future Users, Future Cities: Dwellers as Designers
source	SIGraDi 2010_Proceedings of the 14th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, pp. Bogotá, Colombia, November 17-19, 2010, pp. 294-297
summary	As technology advances, users become more detached from the way things work and are produced. Users end up being pure consumers and leave their positions as decision makers behind. Before the architectural and building processes were industrialized, most practitioners of so - called vernacular architecture were in fact the inhabitants of what they built, which easily met their specific personal needs because they were in total control of the building process. This paper will focus on the possibility of non - architect users of architecture as decision - makers in order to establish designs that satisfy their individual needs.
keywords	user - driven architecture, architecture without architects, architecture as interface, sustainability, user involvement
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	ecaade2010_029
id	ecaade2010_029
authors	Germen, Murat; Kavlak, Emrah
year	2010
title	Future Users, Future Cities: Dweller as Designer
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2010.057
source	FUTURE CITIES [28th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-9-6] ETH Zurich (Switzerland) 15-18 September 2010, pp.57-64
summary	As technology advances, users get more detached from the way things work and are produced. Users end up being pure consumers and leave their positions as decision makers behind. Before the architecture and buildings processes were industrialized, most practitioners of the so-called vernacular architecture were in fact the dwellers of what they built and they easily met the specific personal needs since they were in total control. Some “architectural theorists have turned to vernacular construction with the conviction that such buildings and settlements express the interconnectedness between humans and the landscapes they live in.” (Beesley and Bonnemaison 2008). Considering the present day intense building activity, such relationship of dweller and architecture seems not possible excepting a very few examples to later referred to. This paper will instead focus on the possibility of the non-architect users of architectures as decision makers in order to reach designs that meet the requirements of their addressees.
wos	WOS:000340629400005
keywords	User driven architecture; Architecture without architects; Architecture as interface; Sustainability; User involvement
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	62b9
id	62b9
authors	Koutamanis, A.
year	2010
title	Mobile information processing in architecture and building
source	Multi-Science / ISBN 978-1-907132-17-9
summary	This book outlines the applications of mobile devices such as smartphones and PDAs to architecture and building. It offers an overview of the possibilities and limitations of what is likely to become a major development in their field. The book addresses general use issues as well as specifically architectural applications - sketching, CAD, and project management. There is a critical overview of the reasons why one might use mobile devices for each specific purpose; of the possibilities and limitations of these devices; of the skills and facilities required for using them effectively and efficiently; and of the relation between mobile applications and general computerization in architectural practice (in terms of both technology and organisation).
series	book
type	normal paper
email
more	http://www.multi-science.co.uk/mobile-info.htm
last changed	2011/04/21 07:30

_id	caadria2010_025
id	caadria2010_025
authors	Meyboom, Annalisa; Jerzy Wojtowicz and Greg Johnson
year	2010
title	ROBO studio: towards architectronics
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2010.259
source	Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Hong Kong 7-10 April 2010, pp. 259-268
summary	Contemporary architecture can be seen as a dynamic system that causes change to its environment, or even as system that can modify itself. Interactive or responsive environments are not totally new to architecture however the possibilities in architecture have only been lightly referred to. This interdisciplinary design studio, with mechatronics engineers and architects collaborating, explored possible applications with real world equipment, sensors and knowledge. Development of responsive architecture requires architects to have a fluency in sensors, actuators and their control system programming. New potential application of technologies requires a re-framing of what that technology could do in a different social application. Together these issues challenged architecture and engineering students in a collaborative design environment. The resulting projects – kinetic architecture on control systems – challenge our understanding of what our built environment could be.
keywords	Architecture; mechatronics; robotics; kinematics; design
series	CAADRIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	0ca0
authors	Späti, Jürg and Van Zutphen, R.H.M.
year	1992
title	Form And Performance in Design Education (Basic Architectural Unit 5)
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1992.535
source	CAAD Instruction: The New Teaching of an Architect? [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Barcelona (Spain) 12-14 November 1992, pp. 535-542
summary	There are some fundamental issues in todays architectural education which seem important yet very hard to achieve. One of this issues is the interdependence between design and technology. There is one group in architectural education which beliefs that the question of how to conceive (arch.) and how to construct (arch.) are interdependent. Consequently in this line of thinking the design concept requires verification on a technological level. The second issue which has often been debated is performance. Related to it is a line of thinking which is not satisfied with the formal issues of design - and how it looks, but wants to carry design to point where you also know - what it does and with it how much it costs. Cost-consciousness is the final issue addressed. We all know that there are limits to what a school can do or what a school can be. And, there is an essential difference between practise and education. Yet at the same time the argument is that only consciousness is required thus leading to the basic understanding that form performance and costs are interrelated and interdependent issues in architectural design.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaade2010_040
id	ecaade2010_040
authors	Akdag, Suzan Girginkaya; Cagdas, Gulen; Guney, Caner
year	2010
title	Analyzing the Changes of Bosphorus Silhouette
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2010.815
source	FUTURE CITIES [28th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-9-6] ETH Zurich (Switzerland) 15-18 September 2010, pp.815-823
summary	Due to improving technology and global competition today sky is the only limit for high towers of metropolitan areas. The increase in number of high rise has been ruining the silhouette of cities all over the world like Istanbul, whose identity and image have also been destroyed by skyscrapers dominating the seven slopes on which it was once built. The urbanization in Istanbul has somehow become homogenous and destructive over the topography. Despite of raising debates on the critical issue now and then, no analytical approach has ever been introduced. The research therefore, aims to analyze the change of Bosphorus silhouette caused by the emergence of high rise blocks in Zincirlikuyu-Maslak route since it was defined as a Central Business District and a high rise development area by Bosphorus Conservation Law in 1991. ArcGIS Desktop software and its analyst extensions are used for mapping, analyzing and evaluating the urban development within years. The application is considered to be the initial step for a decision support system which will assist in assigning ground for high rise buildings in Istanbul.
wos	WOS:000340629400087
keywords	GIS; Bosphorus; Silhouette analysis; High rise buildings
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ascaad2014_023
id	ascaad2014_023
authors	Al-Maiyah, Sura and Hisham Elkadi
year	2014
title	Assessing the Use of Advanced Daylight Simulation Modelling Tools in Enhancing the Student Learning Experience
source	Digital Crafting [7th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2014 / ISBN 978-603-90142-5-6], Jeddah (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia), 31 March - 3 April 2014, pp. 303-313
summary	In architecture schools, where the ‘studio culture’ lies at the heart of students’ learning, taught courses, particularly technology ones, are often seen as secondary or supplementary units. Successful delivery of such courses, where students can act effectively, be motivated and engaged, is a rather demanding task requiring careful planning and the use of various teaching styles. A recent challenge that faces architecture education today, and subsequently influences the way technology courses are being designed, is the growing trend in practice towards environmentally responsive design and the need for graduates with new skills in sustainable construction and urban ecology (HEFCE’s consultation document, 2005). This article presents the role of innovative simulation modelling tools in the enhancement of the student learning experience and professional development. Reference is made to a teaching practice that has recently been applied at Portsmouth School of Architecture in the United Kingdom and piloted at Deakin University in Australia. The work focuses on the structure and delivery of one of the two main technology units in the second year architecture programme that underwent two main phases of revision during the academic years 2009/10 and 2010/11. The article examines the inclusion of advanced daylight simulation modelling tools in the unit programme, and measures the effectiveness of enhancing its delivery as a key component of the curriculum on the student learning experience. A main objective of the work was to explain whether or not the introduction of a simulation modelling component, and the later improvement of its integration with the course programme and assessment, has contributed to a better learning experience and level of engagement. Student feedback and the grade distribution pattern over the last three academic years were collected and analyzed. The analysis of student feedback on the revised modelling component showed a positive influence on the learning experience and level of satisfaction and engagement. An improvement in student performance was also recorded over the last two academic years and following the implementation of new assessment design.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2016/02/15 13:09

_id	caadria2010_022
id	caadria2010_022
authors	Ambrose, Michael A. and Lisa Lacharité-Lostritto
year	2010
title	Representation in a time of re-presentation: design media processes in architectural education
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2010.229
source	Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Hong Kong 7-10 April 2010, pp. 229-238
summary	This paper examines what is appropriate and valuable to include in architectural education in light of changing representational conventions and techniques. Architecture finds itself at a unique moment in time where the means of production for the profession, and indeed the entire discipline, are transforming and fundamentally undermine the existing models of education, production and understanding. The threat to architecture education is that architecture becomes learned techniques rather than a way of operating within a body of knowledge that grows and responds to its context. These digital media processes offer contemporary education new and challenging ways to communicate ideas, sometimes subverting the imperative for “drawing” as the representation does not refer to information in the abstract, but IS the information quite literally.
keywords	Design education; design theory; digital design representation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2010_005
id	caadria2010_005
authors	Anay, Hakan
year	2010
title	Computational aspects of a design process: Mario Botta’s single-family house in Breganzona
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2010.049
source	Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Hong Kong 7-10 April 2010, pp. 49-58
summary	The present study aims to foreground and investigate computational aspects of the design process of Mario Botta’s single-family house in Breganzona. Through the selected case, it mainly addresses the research question, “what are the computational aspects of the examined design process and what is the nature of such aspects?” or, otherwise formulated, “what aspects of such a design process could be formalised, and thus, represented or explained in computational terms?” The study primarily involves analysis and investigation of the “material”; the sketches and the drawings produced during the design process and through this material, reinterpretation, and hypothetical reconstruction of the process. The material is taken as the container of design ideas / concepts and operations, and a formal / conceptual analysis is employed to foreground and extract this content.
keywords	Design process; design analysis; design computation; design knowledge
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	sigradi2010_47
id	sigradi2010_47
authors	Angulo, Antonieta; Mounayar Michel
year	2010
title	Virtual Sets: A Mixed Reality Application for an Old Practice
source	SIGraDi 2010_Proceedings of the 14th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, pp. Bogotá, Colombia, November 17-19, 2010, pp. 47-50
summary	This paper chronicles the implementation of state - of - the - art virtual set technology through the teaching of an independent study course at Ball State University. The paper describes the use of independent study formats as a means to initiate teaching of emergent media that does not fit neatly into specific academic silos. In addition to its learning potential this technology offers a new practice area for architects and designers that have an understanding of communication studies and space design at the crossroads of imagination. The creative realm for new emergent media and markets requires new teaching formats, opportunities and challenges for future implementation.
keywords	virtual sets, design communications, 3D modeling, design, mixed reality
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	sigradi2010_320
id	sigradi2010_320
authors	Ariel, Moreira Alejandro
year	2010
title	Modelos digitales de representación de lo real como estrategia de management alternativo en la práctica profesional arquitectónica [Digital models of representation of reality as an alternative management strategy in architectural practice]
source	SIGraDi 2010_Proceedings of the 14th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, pp. Bogotá, Colombia, November 17-19, 2010, pp. 320-323
summary	An architectural project is designed in weeks or months—sometimes in places far from the construction site—and is built in years. The challenge of design is more than creating a three - dimensional digital (3D) model that includes all available information; visualization and communication throughout the entire process is crucial due to the global nature of contemporary architectural practice. This study asks: What tool would satisfy this need for communication? The objective of this paper is to explore these issues and propose an answer to this query based on flexible management to solve them.
keywords	technological integration, BIM, IPD, knowledge management, digital model of reality
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	acadia10_313
id	acadia10_313
authors	Banda, Pablo
year	2010
title	Parametric Propagation of Acoustical Absorbers
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2010.313
source	ACADIA 10: LIFE in:formation, On Responsive Information and Variations in Architecture [Proceedings of the 30th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-4507-3471-4] New York 21-24 October, 2010), pp. 313-319
summary	The following paper deals with a performance-driven morphogenetic design task to improve the conditions of room acoustics, using as a case study the material laboratory of the School of Architecture at Federico Santa Maria University of Technology. Combining contemporary Parametric Modeling techniques and a Performance- Based approach, an automatic generative system was produced. This system generated a modular acoustic ceiling based on Helmholtz Resonators. To satisfy sound absorption requirements, acoustic knowledge was embedded within the system. It iterates through a series of design sub-tasks from Acoustic Simulation to Digital Fabrication, searching for a suitable design solution. The internal algorithmic complexity of the design process has been explored through this case study. Although it is focused on an acoustic component, the proposed design methodology can influence other experiences in Parametric Design.
keywords	Parametric Modeling, Sound Absorption & Acoustic Knowledge, Performance-Based Design, Design Task, Scripting, Digital Fabrication, Custom Tools, Honeycomb.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2010_043
id	caadria2010_043
authors	Barker, Tom and M. Hank Haeusler
year	2010
title	Urban digital media: facilitating the intersection between science, the arts and culture in the arena of technology and building
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2010.457
source	Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Hong Kong 7-10 April 2010, pp. 457-466
summary	The research presented in this paper investigates ways of providing better design applications for technologies in the field of Urban Digital Media (UDM). The work takes an emergent approach, evolving a design strategy through the early engagement of stakeholders. The paper discusses research in a design-led creative intersection between media technology, culture and the arts in the built environment. The case study discusses opportunities for the enhancement of a university campus experience, learning culture and community, through the provision of an integrated digital presence within campus architecture and urban spaces. It considers types of information architecture (Manovich, 2001) and designs for use in urban settings to create communication-rich, advanced and interactive designed spaces (Haeusler, 2009). The presented research investigates how to create a strategy for display technologies and networked communications to transform and augment the constructed reality of the built environment, allowing new formats of media activity.
keywords	Urban design; outdoor digital media; information architecture; multidisciplinary design; augmented reality; media facades
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia10_263
id	acadia10_263
authors	Beaman, Michael Leighton; Bader, Stefan
year	2010
title	Responsive Shading \| Intelligent Façade Systems
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2010.263
source	ACADIA 10: LIFE in:formation, On Responsive Information and Variations in Architecture [Proceedings of the 30th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-4507-3471-4] New York 21-24 October, 2010), pp. 263-270
summary	As issues of sustainability gain traction for architects, methodologies for designing, analyzing, and calibrating design solutions have emerged as essential areas of research and development. A number of approaches have been pursued with regard to embedding data into the design process, most fall into one of two approaches to research. The first approach is to mediate environmental impact at the level of applied technology; the second alters building methods and material construction, generating efficient energy use. However, few approaches deal with the crafting of relationships between information and performance on an architectural level. We will examine an approach focused on understanding how crafting relationships between information and design can move architecture towards achieving sustainability. In developing this approach, we created a data-driven design methodology spanning from design inception to construction. Data-driven models, common in the fields of natural science, offer a method to generate and test a multiplicity of responsive solutions. By contextualizing the solutions generated, we were able design though a set of specific and controlled responses rather than as a singular solution. Information utilization requires a new kind of craft that moves beyond instances into relationships and offers performance sensitive issues in design a focused trajectory. We applied this method to the research and development of a responsive shading structure built in conjunction with a thermal testing lab for two test locations – Austin, Texas (Figure. 1 and 2) and Munich, Germany. The following paper chronicles the design and construction at the Texas site over an academic semester.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia10_333
id	acadia10_333
authors	Blough, Lawrence
year	2010
title	Digital Tracery: Fabricating Traits
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2010.333
source	ACADIA 10: LIFE in:formation, On Responsive Information and Variations in Architecture [Proceedings of the 30th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-4507-3471-4] New York 21-24 October, 2010), pp. 333-339
summary	Recently, prototyping enabled by CNC technology has found its way into design practice where concepts can be quickly and economically tested through multiple design iterations that closely approximate the realities of oneto- one construction. This has lead to the promise of renewed research in tectonics and constructional techniques where the traditional concepts of craft and the joint, that were once married to the hand, can be rediscovered through the agency of mass customization. If we apply the lineage of the trait—a representational and cognitive tool to marry complex form with the exigencies of construction—pedagogical approaches can be developed that extend the current interest in intricate surface, structural morphology and geometry towards a robust materiality rooted in componentry, the joint, and part-to-whole relationships. This paper will introduce several threads from the twentieth century that have informed these tendencies in contemporary design practice, emerging from the well spring of Viollet-le-Duc. The thesis is supported by undergraduate model-based research employing digital design and fabrication techniques.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	acadia10_145
id	acadia10_145
authors	Briscoe, Danelle
year	2010
title	Information Controlled Erosion
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2010.145
source	ACADIA 10: LIFE in:formation, On Responsive Information and Variations in Architecture [Proceedings of the 30th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-4507-3471-4] New York 21-24 October, 2010), pp. 145-150
summary	This paper documents research of a design process that interrelates a single information model to 5-axis, waterjet cutting technology. With the intention of creating an optimized design, data is streamed through a building information model that controls geometry parametrically by a component/system relationship. At the scale of a 4’x8’ panel, material properties and pattern variability act as underlying initiators of design rather than post-rational information. In a manner uncommon to the discipline, the information model is being used as a generative tool, rather than as one for mere documentation. The research assigns a limestone wall type to the panel—a material predominantly used in areas where it is indigenous and typically desirable for its texture, color, and thermal properties. The intention is to develop potentialities through material specificity in the information model’s conceptualization. The water-jet process is then used to erode the limestone to achieve varying fields of scalar voids. In addition, the thickness of wall cladding attenuates for figuration and interest. The final stone panels transition from a rain screen system to a solar screen that modulates light, thereby linking environmental intentions to current technological capabilities. The information model is exported for analysis of daylight and structural dynamic qualities and quantities as part of the workflow. Parameters within the information model database facilitate a dimensionally controlled iterative process. Moreover, fabricating with building materials via the information model expedites a design and makes possible for materiality to move beyond merely conceptual representation.
keywords	digital fabrication, information model
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	sigradi2010_197
id	sigradi2010_197
authors	Bustos, L Gabriela I.
year	2010
title	Epistemología compleja de diseño arquitectónico con tecnología digital: primera generación en un taller virtual [Complex epystemology in architecture design with digital technologies: first generation at a virtual workshop]
source	SIGraDi 2010_Proceedings of the 14th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, pp. Bogotá, Colombia, November 17-19, 2010, pp. 197-200
summary	The goal of this paper—part of a doctoral dissertation—is to define a complex epistemology of design that uses digital technology by using Edgar Morin’s study of the theory of complexity to illustrate the concepts of principles and complex paradigms in architectonic design. This paper also establishes the position of digital technology as it is strategically applied in design education in the Architectonic Project I Workshop in the FAD LUZ with participation in Las Americas Virtual Design Studio 2009.
keywords	digital technology, complex epistemology, architectural designs
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	sigradi2010_419
id	sigradi2010_419
authors	Canuto, da Silva Robson; do Eirado Amorim Luiz Manuel
year	2010
title	Da arquitetura paramétrica ao urbanismo paramétrico [Of parametric architecture and parametric urbanism]
source	SIGraDi 2010_Proceedings of the 14th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, pp. Bogotá, Colombia, November 17-19, 2010, pp. 419-422
summary	In recent decades, there has been an extraordinary advance in the development of parametric design tools, in which the parameters of a particular object are defined, but not the objects’ shape. These technologies have been transferred from design industries to architecture and urbanism to constitute what is known as parametric urbanism, a new trend of urban design development exemplified in the work of Zaha Hadid, whose large scale urban design proposals have frequently applied parametric design tools. This paper analyses the emergence of this new urban theory in order to identify its limits and to introduce future improvements.
keywords	parametric urbanism; parametric architecture; parametric design; urban design; space syntax
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

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