Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ecaade2012_48
id	ecaade2012_48
authors	Hanna, Raid
year	2012
title	Computer Aided Cognition and Creativity: A Three Year Monitoring Exercise
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.2.233
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-3-7, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 233-243
summary	This paper tracked the progress of 24 students who were ‘intensive’ users of CAD and 26 ‘occasional’ CAD users over a 3 year period. At the end of each year, student attitudes toward creativity dimensions were monitored, using questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The collected data was analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The statistical tests displayed a signifi cant difference between both groups in terms of ideation fl uency and ideation fl exibility (P<0.05). Within the intensive CAD group the tests also yielded signifi cant differences between years (P<0.05). Ideation fl uency correlated positively with years of study and was infl uenced by CAD and design maturity both as a ‘main effect’ and as an ‘interaction’. The cognitive preference for complexity as a design trait in the intensive group also correlated with the increased complexity of the digital tools used; preference for low complexity correlated with the use of direct CAD tools whereas higher levels of complexity correlated with the deployment of parametric and generative tools.
wos	WOS:000330320600023
keywords	Creativity; ideation; CAD; repeated measures; statistics
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	sigradi2012_272
id	sigradi2012_272
authors	Amindarbari, Reza
year	2012
title	Morphological indicators of solar exposure
source	SIGraDi 2012 [Proceedings of the 16th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Brasil - Fortaleza 13-16 November 2012, pp. 414-418
summary	This paper investigates the relation between the shading condition and geometrical configuration of neighborhood-scale developments. It introduces a straightforward method for measuring shadow areas casted on buildings’ roofs and facades – in urban areas – using digital 3D models. Employing this method for measuring shadow areas in nine neighborhoods in Jinan, China, at six different time points on summer and winter solstices – a total of 54 sample measurements – this study develops two regression models that reveal the significant dependency of the in-shadow percentage of buildings’ façade and roof areas to the building volume density (BVD) and height irregularity (HI) of the urban fabric.
keywords	urban form, geometrical configuration, solar exposure, shadow area
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	caadria2012_014
id	caadria2012_014
authors	Benros, Deborah; Jose Pinto Duarte and Sean Hanna
year	2012
title	An alternative Palladian shape grammar: A subdivision grammar for Palladian villas
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2012.415
source	Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Chennai 25-28 April 2012, pp. 415–424
summary	This paper describes a shape grammar that recreates Palladio’s villas. A Palladian grammar was previously proposed by Stiny and Mitchell. However, this alternative grammar uses different parametric shape rules and methodology to test the hypothesis that different grammars can generate the same corpus of designs. The formalism is then implemented using a computerised design tool. The grammar includes subdivision rules that allow for a more economical formulation. The project is part of wider research aimed at formulating a generic housing grammar.
keywords	Shape grammar; design rules; housing grammar
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ijac201210404
id	ijac201210404
authors	Benrós, Deborah; José P. Duarte, Sean Hanna
year	2012
title	A New Palladian Shape Grammar
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 10 - no. 4, 521-540
summary	The following paper describes a shape grammar that recreates Palladian villas.A Palladian grammar was originally proposed by Stiny and Mitchell. However, this alternative grammar uses different parametric shape rules and methodology to test the hypothesis that different grammars can generate the same corpus of designs.The formalism is then implemented using a computerised design tool.The grammar includes subdivision rules that allow for a more economical formulation.A new corpus of solutions is explored and the derivation is compared with the original Palladian grammar. The project is part of wider research aimed at formulating a generic housing grammar.
keywords	Shape grammar; Design Rules; Housing Grammar
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	sigradi2012_291
id	sigradi2012_291
authors	Braida, Frederico; Marques, Aline Calazans; Pedroso, Emmanuel Sá Resende; Lima, Fernando Tadeu de Araújo
year	2012
title	O papel das impressoras 3D nas diversas etapas do projeto [O papel das impressoras 3D nas diversas etapas do projeto The 3D printer paper at various stages of project]
source	SIGraDi 2012 [Proceedings of the 16th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Brasil - Fortaleza 13-16 November 2012, pp. 580-583
summary	This article aims to address the use of 3D printers in the stages of design, development and final presentation in projects of architecture and urbanism. To evaluate the performance of 3D printers, we emphasize in each of these stages of the project, the representational demands and cognitive processes involved as well as analytical categories taken as cost, running time, accuracy and level finish, the representation of materials, scale and size of three-dimensional models and possibilities for intervention in the models themselves.
keywords	Impressoras 3D; Prototipagem rápida; Projeto; Fabricação Digital; Modelagem tridimensional
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	sigradi2012_72
id	sigradi2012_72
authors	Cote, Eduardo; Pinzón, Andrés Augusto
year	2012
title	Reverberación sonora: parámetros en modelación digital y física [Sound Reverberation: Parameters in Digital and Physical Modeling]
source	SIGraDi 2012 [Proceedings of the 16th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Brasil - Fortaleza 13-16 November 2012, pp. 444-448
summary	This is a study of the reverberation phenomena into a space. Digital and physical methods are employed as a way to understand the parameters that determine the reverberation time in an indoor space. The comparison of the results between digital and physical modeling permit to establish actions of acoustic control. The surfaces of the space are modified using sounds diffusers.
keywords	Tiempo de reverberación (RT60), Parámetros sonoros, Ecotect, Prototipado rápido.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:49

_id	sigradi2012_403
id	sigradi2012_403
authors	Coutinho, Filipe; Castro e Costa, Eduardo; Duarte, José Pinto; Kruger, Mário
year	2012
title	Alberti Digital – Tradição e inovação na teoria e prática da arquitectura em Portugal [Alberti Digital – Tradition and inovation in theory and practice at Portuguese architecture]
source	SIGraDi 2012 [Proceedings of the 16th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Brasil - Fortaleza 13-16 November 2012, pp. 211-215
summary	This article describes the class Alberti Digital taught at the Faculty of Architecture of the Technical University of Lisbon (FAUTL) and later in the Department of Architecture, University of Coimbra (Darq / UC), centered in interpretation and exploitation of Alberti`s treatise Da Arte Edificatoria where students had to develop a visual computer program with the algorithms present in the treatise to generate virtual and physical models using different digital fabrication techniques, allowing them to gain skills in the use of computational resources and knowledge of history and theory related with Renaissance architecture and the principles of Alberti in particular.
keywords	Alberti, Da Arte Edificatória, ensino de arquitectura, programação em Grasshopper, prototipagem rápida
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:49

_id	acadia23_v3_115
id	acadia23_v3_115
authors	Dade-Robertson, Martyn
year	2023
title	Designing with Agential Matter
source	ACADIA 2023: Habits of the Anthropocene: Scarcity and Abundance in a Post-Material Economy [Volume 3: Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Conference for the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9891764-1-0]. Denver. 26-28 October 2023. edited by A. Crawford, N. Diniz, R. Beckett, J. Vanucchi, M. Swackhamer 24-32.
summary	There have been, very broadly, three eras in the understanding of matter in design. The first, associated with an Aristotelian view of matter as inert and as a receptacle of form, has dominated many of the formalisms in Architectural Design from the Renaissance through to Modernism. The second, sometimes described as “new materialism” (Menges 2012), considers matter as active through design processes which work with materials’ inherent tendencies and capacities. This has led to now-familiar design methods, including Material Based Design Computation (Oxman 2009), and many experiments with active materials such as bilayer metals and hygromorphs. These materials can be programmed to respond to their environments and often take inspiration from biology. I want to suggest that we are entering a new era of understanding matter, which I refer to as the “agential era.”
series	ACADIA
type	keynote
email
last changed	2024/04/17 13:59

_id	b92c
id	b92c
authors	Derix, Christian
year	2012
title	Digital Masterplanning: Computing Urban Design
source	In Urban Design and Planning: Institution of Civil Engineers, Thomas Telford Publishers, ahead-of-print
summary	The digital revolution has finally reached urban design as one of the last design communities not very familiar with computing. This is despite the city and geography being the natural fields for systems analogy and digital models of mathematical and statistical simulation were developed in the 60s and 70s for urban planning, much before industrial or architectural design. The recent arrival of urban design simulations is however not as innovative and radical as their 50 year old counterparts since they use computing solely for policy visualization, quantity evaluation or pattern generation. The Computational Design and Research Group [CDR] at Aedas\|R&D started in 2007 to develop an open platform of lightweight applications – Digital Masterplanning – in collaboration with partners from academia and industry to provide methods for urban design, based on computational methods called meta-heuristic algorithms. An attempt to encode empirical knowledge and design assumptions into simulations is described where designers can assemble the resulting applications according to scales and brief into custom workflows.
keywords	Spatial Planning, Urban Design, Meta-Heuristic Algorithms, Computational Design
series	journal paper
type	normal paper
email
more	http://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/content/article/10.1680/udap.9.00041
last changed	2012/09/20 17:41

_id	caadria2012_089
id	caadria2012_089
authors	Fernando, R.; R. Drogemuller and A. Burden
year	2012
title	Parametric and generative methods with building information modelling: Connecting BIM with explorative design modelling
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2012.537
source	Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Chennai 25-28 April 2012, pp. 537–546
summary	Parametric and generative modelling methods are ways in which computer models are made more flexible, and of formalising domain-specific knowledge. At present, no open standard exists for the interchange of parametric and generative information. The Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) which are an open standard for interoperability in building information models is presented as the base for an open standard in parametric modelling. The advantage of allowing parametric and generative representations are that the early design process can allow for more iteration and changes can be implemented quicker than with traditional models. This paper begins with a formal definition of what constitutes to be parametric and generative modelling methods and then proceeds to describe an open standard in which the interchange of components could be implemented. As an illustrative example of generative design, Frazer’s ‘Reptiles’ project from 1968 is reinterpreted.
keywords	Building information model; parametric modelling; generative modelling
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	sigradi2012_181
id	sigradi2012_181
authors	Florio, Wilson
year	2012
title	Protótipo rápido de elementos construtivos produzidos pela tecnologia de sinterização seletiva a laser [Rapid prototyping of constructive elements produced by the technology of selective laser sintering]
source	SIGraDi 2012 [Proceedings of the 16th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Brasil - Fortaleza 13-16 November 2012, pp. 669-672
summary	The aim of this paper is to examine the physical models of constructive elements from the use of technology of selective laser sintering (SLS). The main stages in the production of rapid prototyping (PRs) were as follows: 1. Parametric Modeling (MP); 2. Geometric modeling; 3. Preparation of geometric model; 4. Execution of PR. This research contributes to debate on parametric modeling (MP) and the fabrication of very delicate physical models by technology SLS, particularly for purposes of viewing and technical evaluation during the design process in architecture.
keywords	Modelagem geométrica; Prototipagem Rápida; SLS; Processo de Projeto; Modelagem Paramétrica
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	sigradi2012_103
id	sigradi2012_103
authors	Folle, Daiane; Bruscato, Underléa Miotto; Pupo, Regiane Trevisan
year	2012
title	Equipamentos Urbanos de Interesse Social: Racionalizando o Processo de Projeto [Social interest urban equipment: Optimizing the design process]
source	SIGraDi 2012 [Proceedings of the 16th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Brasil - Fortaleza 13-16 November 2012, pp. 527-529
summary	This paper shows an experience where digital technologies are used in architecture and product design processes aiming collaboration, manufacturing and construction of urban equipments for a group of 210 households. The project is covered by a Federal Government Program called “My home My Life – Entities” which provides the community resources through a Neighborhood Association that will manage the projects. This article proposes a link that points out to the concept of Triple Helix, which involves the participation of a private enterprise and university in the process of promoting social-economic development. The project included a group of architects working with digital fabrication, design, design process and validation of an urban equipment that will be proposed to be inserted in this new community.
keywords	Equipamento Urbano; Metodologia de Projeto; Prototipagem Rápida; Racionalização.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	ecaade2012_240
id	ecaade2012_240
authors	Hradecny, Martin; Kolár, Zdenek
year	2012
title	Design Process in the Stage of Changes: Architects Learning New Role
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.2.201
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-3-7, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 201-209
summary	Many researchers spent time analyzing design process, some of them were focused even on architectural design. Many of them presented possible views how to understand (architectural) design. They try to fi nd universal description of what design might be and how and what principles it uses. Concern in their approach is given on „conceptual“ stage of the design process, or simply all design process is referred as conceptual, with some features of „product“ design. That is an aspect, which we, as practitioners, see from a slightly different point of view. It relates to what we consider to be architecture. In our point of view architecture is completed building.
wos	WOS:000330320600020
keywords	Design process; design phases; project team
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaade2015_161
id	ecaade2015_161
authors	Papasarantou, Chrissa; Kalaouzis, Giorgos, Pentazou, Ioulia and Bourdakis, Vassilis
year	2015
title	A Spatio-Temporal 3D Representation of a Historic Dataset
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2015.1.701
source	Martens, B, Wurzer, G, Grasl T, Lorenz, WE and Schaffranek, R (eds.), Real Time - Proceedings of the 33rd eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria, 16-18 September 2015, pp. 701-708
summary	Previous research (Bourdakis et al, 2012; Papasarantou et al, 2013) dealt with the problem of creating information visualisation systems capable of combining historical data of MUCIV's database and developing strategies that embed the non-spatial data in spatial models. The database was primarily designed as an experimental flexible spatio-temporal configuration of dynamic visual structures generating a variety of narrations through interaction.The attempt of producing a legible configuration driven by a number of criteria, led to the proposition of two different arrangements, namely the linear and radial array. The aim of this paper is to present the next step on the visualization after redefining both the way that thematic axes and data are visualized and arranged/scattered. Alternate configurations are investigated, based also on theoretical analysis on the conceptualization and perception of information visualization systems (Card et al 1999, Ware, 2004).
wos	WOS:000372317300076
series	eCAADe
email
more	https://mh-engage.ltcc.tuwien.ac.at/engage/ui/watch.html?id=74178dba-702a-11e5-aa5b-67bfe1e6502f
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	ijac201210207
id	ijac201210207
authors	Salim, Flora D.; Jane R. Burry, Juliette Peers and Jenny Underwood
year	2012
title	Augmented Spatiality
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 10 - no. 2, 275-300
summary	Designers have long been concerned with new and visionary types of public space.With the advent of ubiquitous computing, architects and designers have become increasingly aware of the opportunities and challenges in designing spaces and everyday objects to support socially- oriented human interactions whether through spatial or technological means.This paper presents a novel transdiscplinary method for designing new interactive architectural prototypes that promote connectivity and social interactions in the public space in order to address specific agendas of urban interventions.The proposed method was evaluated in a pilot studio, in which students across various design and technical disciplines were invited to propose utopian socio- technological visions for a particular site and to develop their ideas into working architectural prototypes that could be installed at the chosen site and tested by the public.The open brief generated various responses and outcomes in eight projects, of which two are discussed in this paper.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	acadia13_207
id	acadia13_207
authors	Sanchez, Jose
year	2013
title	Gamescapes
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2013.207
source	ACADIA 13: Adaptive Architecture [Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-926724-22-5] Cambridge 24-26 October, 2013), pp. 207-216
summary	While parametrics and form-finding techniques focus on design as an idea of “search,” it is inevitable to wonder if the field is becoming stagnated, converging on similar “solutions” in an ever-shrinking design search space.Initiatives like Minecraft, coming from video game design, reopen the creative desires of players by providing a rigorous algorithmic set of rules and a fully open world coupling algorithmic design and intuition. This is what J.C.R. Licklider would call “man-computer symbiosis”(Licklider 1960).This paper presents how game mechanics suggest a radically different ethos for computational design thinking. It presents the Bloom project, commissioned for the London Olympics in 2012, which combines the use of industrially produced identical components with game mechanics. This project breaks the idea of serialized outcomes and suggests that within the search space of possible formations, there are unforeseeable assemblies and creative outcomes.The Bloom project has become a new research unit at UCL Bartlett, coupling notions of digital modular materials and crowd-farming for assembly, which positions gaming as a design heuristics to open the field of architectural design.
keywords	crowd search, game mechanics, combinatorics, open-ended, sandbox, intelligence augmentation.
series	ACADIA
type	Normal Paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaade2011_029
id	ecaade2011_029
authors	Schindler, Christoph; Mbiti, Kyeni
year	2011
title	Urban Furniture: Introducing Parametric Modelling and Digital Fabrication in a Part-time Study
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.368
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.368-373
summary	This paper discusses a design course covering the complete process chain from parametric modelling to digital fabrication. The course was run as a 2-semester elective course at Hochschule für Technik Zürich (HSZ-T), a Swiss University of Applied Sciences that offers as the only school in Switzerland a Bachelor of Architecture as an extra-occupational part-time study (joining ZHAW in 2012). The design objective was to develop pieces of urban furniture with help of parametric modelling and fabricate them with digital tools. Each of the eleven objects was realized in collaboration with a different professional enterprise chosen by the student, which let us experience a wide range of different materials and production technologies.
wos	WOS:000335665500042
keywords	Parametric Modelling; Digital Fabrication; Furniture Design; Part-time study
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	ecaade2012_115
id	ecaade2012_115
authors	Stouffs, Rudi
year	2012
title	On Shape Grammars, Color Grammars and Sortal Grammars: A sortal grammar interpreter for varying shape grammar formalisms
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.1.x.j7v
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-2-0, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp .479-487
summary	Grammar formalisms for design come in a large variety, requiring different representations of the entities being generated, and different interpretative mechanisms for this generation. Most examples of shape grammars rely on labeled shapes, a combination of line segments and labeled points. Color grammars extend the shape grammar formalism to allow for a variety of qualitative aspects of design, such as color, to be integrated in the rules of a shape grammar. Sortal grammars consider a compositional approach to the representational structures underlying (augmented) shape grammars, allowing for a variety of grammar formalism to be defi ned and explored. In this paper, we revisit and explore an exemplar shape grammar from literature to illustrate the use of different grammar formalisms and consider the implementation of rule application within a sortal grammar interpreter.
wos	WOS:000330322400049
keywords	Shape grammars; color grammars; sortal grammars; implementation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	caadria2013_000
id	caadria2013_000
authors	Stouffs, Rudi; Patrick Janssen, Stanislav Roudavski and Bige Tunçer (eds.)
year	2013
title	Open Systems
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2013
source	Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2013) / Singapore 15-18 May 2012, 977 p.
summary	Contemporary challenges require inclusively integrated approaches to designing. Constrained by established modes of practice, such integration is impossible without a radical commitment to openness. In response to this need, the 18th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2013) brought together contributions that engage with open systems in all aspects of architectural and urban design: open with respect to the scale of the design objectives and the context, from a building component within a building system to a neighbourhood or city within its urban and rural context; open with respect to the domains being considered, from planning to sustainable performance of a building or city; open with respect to the collaboration of disciplines and participants, from ad-hoc brainstorming to a rigorous process of consultation and feedback; open with respect to design methods and techniques, from physical modelling to digital prototyping; open with respect to design models and representations being adopted, from a parametric exploration to an ontological delineation considering Building Information Modelling, Built Environment Modelling or City Information Modelling; open with respect to the tools and applications being adopted, despite interoperability issues, from modelling to simulation and assessment; open with respect to the learning approach being adopted, from informal interaction and sharing to formal design education; open with respect to the open source approach being adopted in research and development, in order to gather community involvement and use. The conference was held 15-18 May 2013 at the Department of Architecture, School of Design and Environment, at National University of Singapore.By focusing on the theme of Open Systems, CAADRIA 2013 aimed to explore all these aspects and more, and raise awareness to the need of breaching disciplinary boundaries and reaching creative communities at all levels of expertise, by pooling resources, knowledge and practices, and integrating them through the adoption of open systems.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	sigradi2022_117
id	sigradi2022_117
authors	van Stralen, Mateus; A. F. R. Bernardo, Marcus Vinícius; Amália Medero Rocha, Isabel; Panet de Barros, Amélia
year	2022
title	Online conversational strategies in technical advisory meta-learning for socio-spatial groups.
source	Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 1063–1074
summary	The article makes a critical reflection on a remote learning experience for training specialists in Spatial Agency for Social Housing - ATHIS. The objective was to promote conditions for students to problematize about 'how' digital technologies could be appropriated in ATHIS. A meta-learning process was envisioned with the objective of experiencing in practice a co-creative dynamic using digital tools. Based on radical constructivist thinking, the proposed methodology used the digital platforms Zoom and Miro to associate two cybernetic collaborative ideation strategies: Team Syntegrity (Beer, 1994), and GIGAmapping (Sevaldson, 2012). The results showed that the experience significantly contributed to the expansion of knowledge of each participant regarding the topics studied and allowed the reverberation of individual contributions throughout the team. Once it has been verified that collaboration interfaces enable but do not guarantee collaborative work, we bring to the discussion three other structuring components that can be allies of simultaneous and integrated online work between groups.
keywords	Online Learning, ATHIS, Peer-to-peer Learning, Team Syntegrity, Gigamapping
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2023/05/16 16:57

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