Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	b47b
authors	Callender, John Hancock (Ed.)
year	1982
title	Time Saver Standards for Architectural Design Data
source	McGraw Hill Book. Co., Sixth Ed.
summary	From Book News, Inc. The latest version of the venerable reference first published in 1946 and most recently in 1982. Considers such aspects as bioclimate design, life-cycle costing, the building shell, architectural ethics, superstructure, acoustics, construction materials technology, daylighting, environmentally responsible design, and evaluating building performance. A special section features design data formatted according to the Uniformat II classification system, offering easy access to preliminary design and specification by building component, assemble, and place in the system of construction. Useful for any professional in the architecture, design, or construction fields. Book News, Inc.(r), Portland. Book Description Our biggest database of ready-to-use architectural design details ever. A classic reference for over 50 years. Time-Saver Standards for Architectural Design Data, edited by Donald Watson, Michael J. Crosbie, and John Hancock Callender, is the all-in-one desktop database that helps you work faster and smarter with instant design details-ready to incorporate into your architectural drawings the moment you need them. Now in a completely revised and updated seventh edition, this time-saving resource...
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	2068
authors	Frazer, John
year	1995
title	AN EVOLUTIONARY ARCHITECTURE
source	London: Architectural Association
summary	In "An Evolutionary Architecture", John Frazer presents an overview of his work for the past 30 years. Attempting to develop a theoretical basis for architecture using analogies with nature's processes of evolution and morphogenesis. Frazer's vision of the future of architecture is to construct organic buildings. Thermodynamically open systems which are more environmentally aware and sustainable physically, sociologically and economically. The range of topics which Frazer discusses is a good illustration of the breadth and depth of the evolutionary design problem. Environmental Modelling One of the first topics dealt with is the importance of environmental modelling within the design process. Frazer shows how environmental modelling is often misused or misinterpreted by architects with particular reference to solar modelling. From the discussion given it would seem that simplifications of the environmental models is the prime culprit resulting in misinterpretation and misuse. The simplifications are understandable given the amount of information needed for accurate modelling. By simplifying the model of the environmental conditions the architect is able to make informed judgments within reasonable amounts of time and effort. Unfortunately the simplications result in errors which compound and cause the resulting structures to fall short of their anticipated performance. Frazer obviously believes that the computer can be a great aid in the harnessing of environmental modelling data, providing that the same simplifying assumptions are not made and that better models and interfaces are possible. Physical Modelling Physical modelling has played an important role in Frazer's research. Leading to the construction of several novel machine readable interactive models, ranging from lego-like building blocks to beermat cellular automata and wall partitioning systems. Ultimately this line of research has led to the Universal Constructor and the Universal Interactor. The Universal Constructor The Universal Constructor features on the cover of the book. It consists of a base plug-board, called the "landscape", on top of which "smart" blocks, or cells, can be stacked vertically. The cells are individually identified and can communicate with neighbours above and below. Cells communicate with users through a bank of LEDs displaying the current state of the cell. The whole structure is machine readable and so can be interpreted by a computer. The computer can interpret the states of the cells as either colour or geometrical transformations allowing a wide range of possible interpretations. The user interacts with the computer display through direct manipulation of the cells. The computer can communicate and even direct the actions of the user through feedback with the cells to display various states. The direct manipulation of the cells encourages experimentation by the user and demonstrates basic concepts of the system. The Universal Interactor The Universal Interactor is a whole series of experimental projects investigating novel input and output devices. All of the devices speak a common binary language and so can communicate through a mediating central hub. The result is that input, from say a body-suit, can be used to drive the out of a sound system or vice versa. The Universal Interactor opens up many possibilities for expression when using a CAD system that may at first seem very strange.However, some of these feedback systems may prove superior in the hands of skilled technicians than more standard devices. Imagine how a musician might be able to devise structures by playing melodies which express the character. Of course the interpretation of input in this form poses a difficult problem which will take a great deal of research to achieve. The Universal Interactor has been used to provide environmental feedback to affect the development of evolving genetic codes. The feedback given by the Universal Interactor has been used to guide selection of individuals from a population. Adaptive Computing Frazer completes his introduction to the range of tools used in his research by giving a brief tour of adaptive computing techniques. Covering topics including cellular automata, genetic algorithms, classifier systems and artificial evolution. Cellular Automata As previously mentioned Frazer has done some work using cellular automata in both physical and simulated environments. Frazer discusses how surprisingly complex behaviour can result from the simple local rules executed by cellular automata. Cellular automata are also capable of computation, in fact able to perform any computation possible by a finite state machine. Note that this does not mean that cellular automata are capable of any general computation as this would require the construction of a Turing machine which is beyond the capabilities of a finite state machine. Genetic Algorithms Genetic algorithms were first presented by Holland and since have become a important tool for many researchers in various areas.Originally developed for problem-solving and optimization problems with clearly stated criteria and goals. Frazer fails to mention one of the most important differences between genetic algorithms and other adaptive problem-solving techniques, ie. neural networks. Genetic algorithms have the advantage that criteria can be clearly stated and controlled within the fitness function. The learning by example which neural networks rely upon does not afford this level of control over what is to be learned. Classifier Systems Holland went on to develop genetic algorithms into classifier systems. Classifier systems are more focussed upon the problem of learning appropriate responses to stimuli, than searching for solutions to problems. Classifier systems receive information from the environment and respond according to rules, or classifiers. Successful classifiers are rewarded, creating a reinforcement learning environment. Obviously, the mapping between classifier systems and the cybernetic view of organisms sensing, processing and responding to environmental stimuli is strong. It would seem that a central process similar to a classifier system would be appropriate at the core of an organic building. Learning appropriate responses to environmental conditions over time. Artificial Evolution Artificial evolution traces it's roots back to the Biomorph program which was described by Dawkins in his book "The Blind Watchmaker". Essentially, artificial evolution requires that a user supplements the standard fitness function in genetic algorithms to guide evolution. The user may provide selection pressures which are unquantifiable in a stated problem and thus provide a means for dealing ill-defined criteria. Frazer notes that solving problems with ill-defined criteria using artificial evolution seriously limits the scope of problems that can be tackled. The reliance upon user interaction in artificial evolution reduces the practical size of populations and the duration of evolutionary runs. Coding Schemes Frazer goes on to discuss the encoding of architectural designs and their subsequent evolution. Introducing two major systems, the Reptile system and the Universal State Space Modeller. Blueprint vs. Recipe Frazer points out the inadequacies of using standard "blueprint" design techniques in developing organic structures. Using a "recipe" to describe the process of constructing a building is presented as an alternative. Recipes for construction are discussed with reference to the analogous process description given by DNA to construct an organism. The Reptile System The Reptile System is an ingenious construction set capable of producing a wide range of structures using just two simple components. Frazer saw the advantages of this system for rule-based and evolutionary systems in the compactness of structure descriptions. Compactness was essential for the early computational work when computer memory and storage space was scarce. However, compact representations such as those described form very rugged fitness landscapes which are not well suited to evolutionary search techniques. Structures are created from an initial "seed" or minimal construction, for example a compact spherical structure. The seed is then manipulated using a series of processes or transformations, for example stretching, shearing or bending. The structure would grow according to the transformations applied to it. Obviously, the transformations could be a predetermined sequence of actions which would always yield the same final structure given the same initial seed. Alternatively, the series of transformations applied could be environmentally sensitive resulting in forms which were also sensitive to their location. The idea of taking a geometrical form as a seed and transforming it using a series of processes to create complex structures is similar in many ways to the early work of Latham creating large morphological charts. Latham went on to develop his ideas into the "Mutator" system which he used to create organic artworks. Generalising the Reptile System Frazer has proposed a generalised version of the Reptile System to tackle more realistic building problems. Generating the seed or minimal configuration from design requirements automatically. From this starting point (or set of starting points) solutions could be evolved using artificial evolution. Quantifiable and specific aspects of the design brief define the formal criteria which are used as a standard fitness function. Non-quantifiable criteria, including aesthetic judgments, are evaluated by the user. The proposed system would be able to learn successful strategies for satisfying both formal and user criteria. In doing so the system would become a personalised tool of the designer. A personal assistant which would be able to anticipate aesthetic judgements and other criteria by employing previously successful strategies. Ultimately, this is a similar concept to Negroponte's "Architecture Machine" which he proposed would be computer system so personalised so as to be almost unusable by other people. The Universal State Space Modeller The Universal State Space Modeller is the basis of Frazer's current work. It is a system which can be used to model any structure, hence the universal claim in it's title. The datastructure underlying the modeller is a state space of scaleless logical points, called motes. Motes are arranged in a close-packing sphere arrangement, which makes each one equidistant from it's twelve neighbours. Any point can be broken down into a self-similar tetrahedral structure of logical points. Giving the state space a fractal nature which allows modelling at many different levels at once. Each mote can be thought of as analogous to a cell in a biological organism. Every mote carries a copy of the architectural genetic code in the same way that each cell within a organism carries a copy of it's DNA. The genetic code of a mote is stored as a sequence of binary "morons" which are grouped together into spatial configurations which are interpreted as the state of the mote. The developmental process begins with a seed. The seed develops through cellular duplication according to the rules of the genetic code. In the beginning the seed develops mainly in response to the internal genetic code, but as the development progresses the environment plays a greater role. Cells communicate by passing messages to their immediate twelve neighbours. However, it can send messages directed at remote cells, without knowledge of it's spatial relationship. During the development cells take on specialised functions, including environmental sensors or producers of raw materials. The resulting system is process driven, without presupposing the existence of a construction set to use. The datastructure can be interpreted in many ways to derive various phenotypes. The resulting structure is a by-product of the cellular activity during development and in response to the environment. As such the resulting structures have much in common with living organisms which are also the emergent result or by-product of local cellular activity. Primordial Architectural Soups To conclude, Frazer presents some of the most recent work done, evolving fundamental structures using limited raw materials, an initial seed and massive feedback. Frazer proposes to go further and do away with the need for initial seed and start with a primordial soup of basic architectural concepts. The research is attempting to evolve the starting conditions and evolutionary processes without any preconditions. Is there enough time to evolve a complex system from the basic building blocks which Frazer proposes? The computational complexity of the task being embarked upon is not discussed. There is an implicit assumption that the "superb tactics" of natural selection are enough to cut through the complexity of the task. However, Kauffman has shown how self-organisation plays a major role in the early development of replicating systems which we may call alive. Natural selection requires a solid basis upon which it can act. Is the primordial soup which Frazer proposes of the correct constitution to support self-organisation? Kauffman suggests that one of the most important attributes of a primordial soup to be capable of self-organisation is the need for a complex network of catalysts and the controlling mechanisms to stop the reactions from going supracritical. Can such a network be provided of primitive architectural concepts? What does it mean to have a catalyst in this domain? Conclusion Frazer shows some interesting work both in the areas of evolutionary design and self-organising systems. It is obvious from his work that he sympathizes with the opinions put forward by Kauffman that the order found in living organisms comes from both external evolutionary pressure and internal self-organisation. His final remarks underly this by paraphrasing the words of Kauffman, that life is always to found on the edge of chaos. By the "edge of chaos" Kauffman is referring to the area within the ordered regime of a system close to the "phase transition" to chaotic behaviour. Unfortunately, Frazer does not demonstrate that the systems he has presented have the necessary qualities to derive useful order at the edge of chaos. He does not demonstrate, as Kauffman does repeatedly, that there exists a "phase transition" between ordered and chaotic regimes of his systems. He also does not make any studies of the relationship of useful forms generated by his work to phase transition regions of his systems should they exist. If we are to find an organic architecture, in more than name alone, it is surely to reside close to the phase transition of the construction system of which is it built. Only there, if we are to believe Kauffman, are we to find useful order together with environmentally sensitive and thermodynamically open systems which can approach the utility of living organisms.
series	other
type	normal paper
last changed	2004/05/22 14:12

_id	sigradi2013_234
id	sigradi2013_234
authors	Alencar, Viviane; Gabriela Celani
year	2013
title	The Art of Computer Graphics Programming: Translating Pioneer Programs
source	SIGraDi 2013 [Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Chile - Valparaíso 20 - 22 November 2013, pp. 500 - 504
summary	Considering the importance of the use of programming languages for teaching computational design to architects, this paper proposes the translation of computer programs from a pioneer work in this field into a more contemporary programming language. The book The Art of Computer Graphics Programming: A Structured Introduction for Architects and Designers was published in 1987 by William J. Mitchell, Robin Ligget and Thomas Kvan, and remains an important reference for architects. The original Pascal codes in the book were translated into Processing, and made available through an Internet website, along with images and comments, in order to give late Prof. Mitchell’s work the consideration it deserves.
keywords	Processing; Pascal; Computer graphics
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	sigradi2013_243
id	sigradi2013_243
authors	Andia, Alfredo
year	2013
title	Automated Architecture: Why CAD, Parametrics and Fabrication are Really old News
source	SIGraDi 2013 [Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Chile - Valparaíso 20 - 22 November 2013, pp. 83 - 87
summary	Automation is transforming a significant number of industries today. This paper discusses how the Design and Construction industry is also entering into a new era of automation. In the paper I observe that designers are automating by using parametric tools (BIM, scripting, etc.) while contractors are moving into pre-fabrication and modularization. Both conceptualizations are incomplete. The paper presents how we are in the first steps of creating learning algorithms that develop specific intelligence in design synthesis and how the design field will became even more sophisticated as a second generation of multi-material 3D printing techniques produce new materials.
keywords	Automation; Architectural design; Artificial intelligence; Learning algorithms; Multi-material printers
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	acadia13_121
id	acadia13_121
authors	Beites, Steven
year	2013
title	Morphological Behavior of Shape Memory Polymers Toward a Deployable, Adaptive Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2013.121
source	ACADIA 13: Adaptive Architecture [Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-926724-22-5] Cambridge 24-26 October, 2013), pp. 121-128
summary	Shape-memory polymers (SMPs) are an emerging class of “smart materials” that have dual-shape capability. They are able to undergo significant deformation when exposed to an external stimulus such as heat or light. SMPs have been widely investigated within the biomedicine and aerospace industries; however, their potential has yet to be explored within an architectural framework. The research presented in this paper begins an investigation into the morphological behavior ofSMPs toward a deployable, adaptive architecture. The structure’s ease of assembly, compact storage, transportability and configurable properties offer promising applications in emergency and disaster relief shelters, lightweight recreational structures and a variety of other applications in the temporary construction and aerospace industry. This paper explores the use of SMPs through the development of a dynamic actuator that links a series of interconnected panels creating overall form to a self-standing structure. The shape-shifting behavior of the SMP allows the dynamic actuator to become flexible when storage and transportability are required. Alternatively, when exposed to the appropriate temperature range, the actuator is capable of returning to its memorized state for on-site deployment. Through a series ofprototypes, this paper will provide a fundamental understanding of the SMP’s thermo-mechanicalproperties toward deployable, adaptive architecture.
keywords	next-generation technology, smart materials, shape-memory polymers, material analysis, smart assemblies, dynamic actuator, soft architecture
series	ACADIA
type	Normal Paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ijac201310103
id	ijac201310103
authors	Bollmann, Dietrich and Alvaro Bonfiglio
year	2013
title	Design Constraint Systems - A Generative Approach to Architecture
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 11 - no. 1, 37-63
summary	Generative Architectural Design permits the automatic (or semiautomatic) generation of architectural objects for a wide range of applications, from archaeological research and reconstruction to digital sketching. In this paper the authors introduce design constraint systems (DCS), their approach to the generation of architectural design with the help of a simple example: The development of the necessary formalisms to generate a family of architectural designs, i.e. simple houses and pagodas. After explaining the formal system the authors introduce an approach for the generation of complex form based on the application of transformations and distortions.Architecture is bound by the constraints of physical reality: Gravitation and the properties of the used materials define the limits in which architectural design is possible. With the recent development of new materials and construction methods however, the ways in which form and physics go together get more complicated. As a result, the shapes of architecture gain more liberty, and more and more complex shapes and structures become possible.While these advances allow for new ways of architectural expression, they also make the design process much more challenging. For this reason new tools are necessary for making this complexity manageable for the architect and enable her to play and experiment with the new possibilities of complex shapes and structures. Design constraint systems can be used as tool for experimentation with complex form. Therefore, the authors dedicate the final part of this paper to a concise delineation of an approach for the generation of complex and irregular shapes and structures. While the examples used are simple, they give an idea of the generality of design constraint systems: By using a two-component approach to the generation of designs (the first component describes the abstract structure of the modelled objects while the second component interprets the structure and generates the actual geometric forms) and allowing the user to adjust both components freely, it can be adapted to all kind of different architectural styles, from historical to contemporary architecture.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	acadia13_025
id	acadia13_025
authors	Cordero Maisonet, Sixto; Smith, Austin
year	2013
title	Responsive Expansion
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2013.025
source	ACADIA 13: Adaptive Architecture [Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-926724-22-5] Cambridge 24-26 October, 2013), pp. 25-32
summary	Although commonly considered problematic within the wider range of standardized isotropic construction materials, wood’s mechanical deficiencies are simultaneously an asset for the adventurous designer. These anisotropic and organic characteristics can be critically investigated, even exaggerated, with the possibility of productively yielding a complex and adaptive building material.Given wood’s fibrous make-up, as derived from its ecological function as an evaporative capillary system, wood as a material is predisposed to react to environmental and contextual fluctuations—moisture in particular. As a consequence of its cellular and chemical anatomy, wood—unlike other standard construction materials—will morphologically react to changes in moisture. This reactivity is derived from interactions such as rehydration and swelling at the cellular level which accumulate to induce formal transformations at the macro level. This responsiveness, when coupled with the affordances of industrial standardization, reframes wood within architecture as a reactive material capable of consistent transformation well-suited to parametric definition within computational modeling.
keywords	Complex Systems: complex, adaptive, expansion, wood, material investigation, emergent and self-organizing systems
series	ACADIA
type	Normal Paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	caadria2013_240
id	caadria2013_240
authors	Fok, Wendy W.
year	2013
title	3 Scales of Repurposed Disposability – Diversion of Construction, Renovation and Demolition (CRD)
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2013.811
source	Open Systems: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2013) / Singapore 15-18 May 2013, pp. 811-820
summary	Project managers and construction contractors have long recognized the importance of reducing waste and salvaging high value construction and demolition materials such as copper and other metals. Contractors are usually careful about the quantity of materials ordered, how materials are used and how to carefully deconstruct valuable materials. In most cases however, materials that are more difficult to separate and that are worth less per unit weight are still going to landfill, even when they are present in large quantities. This represents an inefficient use of natural resources and uses up landfill capacity unnecessarily. Unfortunately, some contractors do not realize that there are new opportunities for waste minimization, while others are reluctant to implement environmental practices because they believe these practices will increase their project costs. Most contractors are concerned about the cost of the labour that is needed to deconstruct materials for reuse or recycling. However, it has been shown that effective waste management during CRD projects not only helps protect the environment, but can also generate significant economic savings. Various projects from within our practice and within our academic curriculum will be brought into the attention of this paper. Specifics of modularity, form/fit/analysis, fabrication, and off-site production, will be demonstrated within the larger discussion through the focus onto three case studies.
wos	WOS:000351496100074
keywords	Construction alternatives, Waste management, Offsite production, Fabrication, Form/Fit/Analysis, Modularity
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ecaade2014_057
id	ecaade2014_057
authors	Ivo Vrouwe and Burak Pak
year	2014
title	Framing Parametric and Generative Structures - A Novel Framework for Analysis and Education
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2014.1.365
source	Thompson, Emine Mine (ed.), Fusion - Proceedings of the 32nd eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK, 10-12 September 2014, pp. 365-371
summary	In this paper we aimed at the development of a novel tool to facilitate the structured analysis of architectural construction principles, materials and production methods in digital design and fabrication practices. In order to assist the understanding and teaching of these subjects, we employed a taxonomy of spatial design construction (Vrouwe 2013). By using the taxonomy, we analysed and categorised 34 parametric structures published in the IJAC Journal (2002-2014). Informed by this study, we aligned the initial taxonomy using various framing strategies. As a result we developed a new framework for spatial design construction specifically customised for the design and fabrication of parametric structures which can potentially serve as a constructive tool to create a novel design learning environment and integrated teaching strategies.
wos	WOS:000361384700036
keywords	Digital fabrication; parametric design; education; framing; pedagogy
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	caadria2013_172
id	caadria2013_172
authors	Kamath, Ayodh V.
year	2013
title	Digitally Designed Architectural Form-Built Using Craft-Based Fabrication – Weaving a Complex Surface as a Bamboo Reticulated Shell
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2013.623
source	Open Systems: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2013) / Singapore 15-18 May 2013, pp. 623-632
summary	This paper outlines a methodology that enables the construction of complex surface forms resulting from computational design processes by manual means using non-industrial materials. The methodology is based on the craft process of weaving whereby a three-dimensional form can be produced using a flexible, linear material. Construction information from a three-dimensional digital model is communicated tocraftspersons through a set of two-dimensional drawings outlining the sequence of construction and requiring only linear dimensions.
wos	WOS:000351496100061
keywords	Digital-physical, Craft, Non-industrial materials, Weaving, Reticulated shell
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	caadria2014_150
id	caadria2014_150
authors	Knapp, Chris; Jonathan Neslon and Michael Parsons
year	2014
title	Constructing Atmospheres
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.149
source	Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 149–158
summary	This paper documents and critically reflects upon the design, development, fabrication, and implementation of three pavilion projects developed during 2013-14. The core investigation of this work is the production of architectural spaces characterized by a quality of enveloping, diffuse, visual and spatial atmospheres. The principal activity of the research is aimed at refining methods for software-based exploration of formal complexities and the subsequent need to control variability and efficiency in fabrication output, using Grasshopper for Rhino to develop customized definitions particular to each specific project scenario. Linking the projects together are issues of scale, resolution of effect, and intent to move from disparate assemblies of structure and skin toward composite, manifold construction techniques that address multiple concerns (gravity, bracing, affect, etc) with a minimum of assembly. A material palette common to the current vernacular of CNC-based projects such as plywood, plastics, and other sheet materials is utilised. This work is invested in extending the possibilities of the architect and architecture as a discipline, extrapolating the workflow from these successive projects to the speculative impact of the work upon emerging possibilities of architectural construction and craft.
keywords	3d modelling; Digital fabrication; Rhinoceros; Grasshopper; Tessellation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ijac201311304
id	ijac201311304
authors	Riether, Gernot
year	2013
title	The Nuit Blanche Pavilion; using the elasticity of polymers for a lightweight structure
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 11 - no. 3, 331-346
summary	The Nuit Blanche Pavilion is a recent project by Gernot Riether in collaboration with artist Damien Valero. The project takes advantage of an elastic behavior found in high-density elastomers to form a lightweight structure that integrates form, geometry and program in a single material system. Grasshopper and the finite element plug-in Karamba were used to optimize these interdependencies. This paper will describe the design of the project and elaborate on an aspect of Riether's research that uses digital technology to promote environmentally responsible materials and construction methods.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	sigradi2013_425
id	sigradi2013_425
authors	Riether, Gernot; Keyan Rahimzadeh
year	2013
title	SKIN: An Open Negotiation between Form, Function and Materiality
source	SIGraDi 2013 [Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Chile - Valparaíso 20 - 22 November 2013, pp. 424 - 429
summary	The Nuit Blanche Pavilion is a recent project by Gernot Riether in collaboration with artist Damien Valero. The project takes advantage of an elastic behavior found in high-density elastomers to form a lightweight structure that integrates form, geometry and program in a single material system. Grasshopper and the finite element plug-in Karamba were used to optimize these interdependencies. This paper will describe the design of the project and elaborate on an aspect of Riether’s research that uses digital technology to promote environmentally responsible materials and construction methods.
keywords	Parametric design; Polymers; Light weight structure; Interactive video installation
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:58

_id	sigradi2013_95
id	sigradi2013_95
authors	Santos de Andrade, Ludmila; Neander Furtado Silva; Ecilamar Maciel de Lima; Igor Monteiro
year	2013
title	Os Sistemas BIM e a Redução de Inexatidões e Tempo nas Obras Públicas Brasileiras [BIM Systems and Reducing Inaccuracies and Time in the Brazilian Public Infrastructure]
source	SIGraDi 2013 [Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Chile - Valparaíso 20 - 22 November 2013, pp. 284 - 287
summary	The creation of an algorithm that will allow the quantitative accuracy of inputs, related to the Brazilian reality, inside the BIM platform will cause a decrease of the public costs of work. However, in this article only focus on how you can modify internally the BIM system platform for achieving the quantitative goals in planning materials. The new tool of construction planning and scheduling when using BIM systems's contribution, through the external database, will provide the construction control based on composition of inputs along the time that will allow a more economical execution to ensure the efficiency of public buildings.
keywords	Algorithm; Accuracy of inputs; BIM; Database; Planning; Scheduling; Public buildings
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:59

_id	caadria2013_223
id	caadria2013_223
authors	Schimek, Heimo; Albert Wiltsche, Markus Manahl and Christoph Pfaller
year	2013
title	Full Scale Prototyping – Logistic and Construction Challenges Realising Digitally Designed Timber Prototypes
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2013.653
source	Open Systems: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2013) / Singapore 15-18 May 2013, pp. 653-662
summary	This paper reports on the final stage of a research project with the realization of a real scale prototype and ties an empirical finale to the project, which started as a fundamental research project three years ago. The scope of this research project was to explore new ways, how Non-Standard Architecture can be build with standard building elements using contemporary building processes and materials resource efficiently. Mass Customization and File to Factory, concepts where a continuous digital workflow is applied, were fundamental to our approach. Within this framework we developed generic parametric details and made them part of the whole process from the beginning of the design to the manufacturing. The present paper describes a strategy for the assembly of a large prototype, consisting of approximately 50 flat timber panels that are being assembled to a structure of the size of a small house. The paper focuses especially on the customized falsework, we designed for the construction of the prototype, which became a crucial part of the assembling process besides the assembly of the actual prototype.
wos	WOS:000351496100064
keywords	Digital fabrication and construction, Precedence and prototypes, Mass customization
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ecaade2013_041
id	ecaade2013_041
authors	Schindler, Christoph; Tamke, Martin; Tabatabai, Ali and Bereuter, Martin
year	2013
title	Serial Branches
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2013.1.605
source	Stouffs, Rudi and Sariyildiz, Sevil (eds.), Computation and Performance – Proceedings of the 31st eCAADe Conference – Volume 1, Faculty of Architecture, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands, 18-20 September 2013, pp. 605-613
summary	The question whether contemporary information technology with its potential for individual fabrication allows for a new approach to the uniqueness that is offered to us by nature was discussed within a 8-day workshop. 19 students of KADK explored the performative potential of naturally angled and forked wood – a desired material until 19th century, but swept away by industrialization and its standardization of processes and materials.
wos	WOS:000340635300063
keywords	Wood construction; material performance; shape recognition; furniture; digital fabrication and construction.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	sigradi2013_223
id	sigradi2013_223
authors	Silva Leite, Leandro; Alice Theresinha Cybis Pereira
year	2013
title	A Controvérsia entre os Métodos de Análise de Projetos de Referência em Arquitetura e o Ensino de Projeto Performativo [The Controversy Between Reference Projects Analysis Methods in Architecture and the Performative Design Teaching]
source	SIGraDi 2013 [Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Chile - Valparaíso 20 - 22 November 2013, pp. 581 - 585
summary	The architecture of the digital age yields complex shapes exemplars which once divulged on the internet, they become architectonic references. This article aims to discuss the influence of the reference projects analysis process (APR) in the projects generation within the current teaching. A comparative assessment of undergraduate final project has been carried out so as to identify the APR methods applied. From the application of the theory – Social Construction of Technologies (SCOT), the 05 facts that became evident show the controversy between the APR teaching processes and the interdisciplinary knowledge and abilities needed for the generation of complex and/or performative shapes.
keywords	Reference projects analysis; Architecture projects teaching; Performative project
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 10:00

_id	acadia13_261
id	acadia13_261
authors	Tibbits, Skylar; Falvello, Ana
year	2013
title	BioMolecular, Chiral and Irregular Self-Assemblies
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2013.267
source	ACADIA 13: Adaptive Architecture [Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-926724-22-5] Cambridge 24-26 October, 2013), pp. 267-268
summary	As disciplines converge and new capabilities are developed for programmable materials and self-assembly across length scales and industrial applications, designers will need new models for understanding the fundamental principles within this new paradigm. This paper outlines the key ingredients for self-assembly through a number of recent projects including the BioMolecular Self-Assembly and Chiral Self-Assembly projects. Further possibilities of non-deterministic self-assembly will be highlighted through asymmetrical units, nucleus models and hierarchical assemblies. Finally, opportunities for high-yield self-assembly and future applications for manufacturing and construction scenarios will be outlined. Self-assembly offers a glimpse into a future world of highly programmable, intelligent materials that promise far more adaptive, resilient and efficient built environments.
keywords	next generation technology, self-assembly, programmable materials, chirality, non-deterministic assembly
series	ACADIA
type	Normal Paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	sigradi2013_275
id	sigradi2013_275
authors	Valdés, Francisco; Andres Cavieres; Russell Gentry
year	2013
title	A Process-Centric Approach for Teaching Digital Fabrication
source	SIGraDi 2013 [Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Chile - Valparaíso 20 - 22 November 2013, pp. 400 - 404
summary	New generation of fabrication machines, such as 3-D printers, do not use “real” materials nor processes generally used in building construction, and so further exacerbate the disconnect between laboratory-based prototyping and full-scale building construction techniques. This research critically reviews the results of a graduate fabrication course from a process-centric standpoint. Students in the course create specification for fabrication and assembly activities through a diagrammatic language that integrates several types of construction knowledge such as design, material properties, machine constraints, and assembly guidelines. This document presents the foundations of the methodology, and discussed the results based on two criteria: Process Modeling and CAD/CAM workflow.
keywords	Process model; CNC, Fabrication, Parametric modeling, CAM
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 10:02

_id	acadia23_v3_71
id	acadia23_v3_71
authors	Vassigh, Shahin; Bogosian, Biayna
year	2023
title	Envisioning an Open Knowledge Network (OKN) for AEC Roboticists
source	ACADIA 2023: Habits of the Anthropocene: Scarcity and Abundance in a Post-Material Economy [Volume 3: Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Conference for the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9891764-1-0]. Denver. 26-28 October 2023. edited by A. Crawford, N. Diniz, R. Beckett, J. Vanucchi, M. Swackhamer 24-32.
summary	The construction industry faces numerous challenges related to productivity, sustainability, and meeting global demands (Hatoum and Nassereddine 2020; Carra et al. 2018; Barbosa, Woetzel, and Mischke 2017; Bock 2015; Linner 2013). In response, the automation of design and construction has emerged as a promising solution. In the past three decades, researchers and innovators in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) fields have made significant strides in automating various aspects of building construction, utilizing computational design and robotic fabrication processes (Dubor et al. 2019). However, synthesizing innovation in automation encounters several obstacles. First, there is a lack of an established venue for information sharing, making it difficult to build upon the knowledge of peers. First, the absence of a well-established platform for information sharing hinders the ability to effectively capitalize on the knowledge of peers. Consequently, much of the research remains isolated, impeding the rapid dissemination of knowledge within the field (Mahbub 2015). Second, the absence of a standardized and unified process for automating design and construction leads to the individual development of standards, workflows, and terminologies. This lack of standardization presents a significant obstacle to research and learning within the field. Lastly, insufficient training materials hinder the acquisition of skills necessary to effectively utilize automation. Traditional in-person robotics training is resource-intensive, expensive, and designed for specific platforms (Peterson et al. 2021; Thomas 2013).
series	ACADIA
type	field note
email
last changed	2024/04/17 13:59

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