Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ijac202018105
id	ijac202018105
authors	Vazquez, Elena; Benay Gürsoy and Jose Pinto Duarte
year	2020
title	Formalizing shape-change: Three-dimensional printed shapes and hygroscopic material transformations
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 18 - no. 1, 67-83
summary	Shape-changing materials have become increasingly popular among architects in designing responsive systems. One of the greatest challenges of designing with these materials is their dynamic nature, which requires architects to design with the fourth dimension, time. This article presents a study that formalizes the shape-changing behavior of three-dimensional printed wood-based composite materials and the rules that serve to compute their shape- change in response to variations in relative humidity. In this research, we first developed custom three-dimensional printing protocols and analyzed the effects of three-dimensional printing parameters on shape-change. We thereafter three-dimensional printed kirigami geometries to amplify hygroscopic material transformation of wood- based composites.
keywords	Shape=changing materials, material computation, 3D printed wood, kirigami, responsive architecture, 4D printing
series	journal
email
last changed	2020/11/02 13:34

_id	cdrf2021_275
id	cdrf2021_275
authors	E. Özdemir, L. Kiesewetter, K. Antorveza, T. Cheng, S. Leder, D. Wood, and A. Menges
year	2021
title	Towards Self-shaping Metamaterial Shells: A Computational Design Workflow for Hybrid Additive Manufacturing of Architectural Scale Double-Curved Structures
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_26
source	Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES The 3rd International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2021)
summary	Double curvature enables elegant and material-efficient shell structures, but their construction typically relies on heavy machining, manual labor, and the additional use of material wasted as one-off formwork. Using a material’s intrinsic properties for self-shaping is an energy and resource-efficient solution to this problem. This research presents a fabrication approach for self-shaping double-curved shell structures combining the hygroscopic shape-changing and scalability of wood actuators with the tunability of 3D-printed metamaterial patterning. Using hybrid robotic fabrication, components are additively manufactured flat and self-shape to a pre-programmed configuration through drying. A computational design workflow including a lattice and shell-based finite element model was developed for the design of the metamaterial pattern, actuator layout, and shape prediction. The workflow was tested through physical prototypes at centimeter and meter scales. The results show an architectural scale proof of concept for self-shaping double-curved shell structures as a resource-efficient physical form generation method.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2022/09/29 07:53

_id	ascaad2021_083
id	ascaad2021_083
authors	El-Dabaa, Rana; Islam Salem, Sherif Abdelmohsen
year	2021
title	Digitally Encoded Wood: 4D Printing of Hygroscopic Actuators for Architectural Responsive Skins
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 241-252
summary	This paper exploits passive responsive actuators as a passive approach for adaptive façades. The study encodes the embedded hygroscopic parameters of wood through 4D printing of laminated wooden composites as a responsive wooden actuator. Several experiments focus on controlling the printed hygroscopic parameters based on the effect of 3D printing patterns and infill height on the wooden angle of curvature. We present a set of controlled printed hygroscopic parameters that stretch the limits in controlling the response of wood to humidity instead of the typical natural properties of wood. The results show a passive programmed self-actuated mechanism that can enhance responsive façade design with zero energy consumption through utilizing both material science and additive manufacturing mechanisms. This passive responsive mechanism can be utilized in adaptive facades for dynamic shading configurations.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:13

_id	acadia15_47
id	acadia15_47
authors	Chaaraoui, Rizkallah; Askarinejad, Ali
year	2015
title	Anisoptera; Anisopteran Deformation and the Latent Geometric Patterns of Wood Envelopes
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2015.047
source	ACADIA 2105: Computational Ecologies: Design in the Anthropocene [Proceedings of the 35th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-53726-8] Cincinnati 19-25 October, 2015), pp. 47-56
summary	Advancements in technologies provide Architects, today, with the means to expose new expressive forms using traditional materials. It is therefore possible to design dynamic actuating systems, where several different expressions, or differentiations inherent in the same material, are able to modify its topology and enhance its properties. Wood, traditionally used in construction, is given static expression during its life cycle, where an alignment, or assembly detail, helps retain its original shape. This research outlines the integration of specific and individual anatomical information of wood during the design process. It aids in utilizing the analyzed biological variability and natural irregularities of wood within a material-based architecture, in view of developing a lightweight, and light-filtering dynamic skin. Additionally, the research helps to explore an understanding of the differentiated material composition of wood as its major capacity, rather than its deficiency. Moreover, it analyzes form, material, and structure, as complex interrelations that are embedded in, and explored through an integral design process that seeks to employ typically disregarded, highly differentiated flat materials, in view of enhancing their latent dimensional deformation potential. The main focus of this research is to explore that latent geometric deformation of emerging patterns based on an array of heterogeneous wood veneers in relation to their Hygroscopic and Anisotropic properties. These properties are expressed through a set of flat skins and Mobius arrangements, articulating complex geometric ranges that reveal additional properties, such as bendability and flexibility.
keywords	Shape-shifting, Geometric patterns, Anisotropic, Hygroscopic, Open systems, Building envelope
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	sigradi2015_10.307
id	sigradi2015_10.307
authors	Herrera, Pablo C.
year	2015
title	Mathematics and computation: Using visual programming to develop didactic materials in a learning environment
source	SIGRADI 2015 [Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - vol. 2 - ISBN: 978-85-8039-133-6] Florianópolis, SC, Brasil 23-27 November 2015, pp. 581-588.
summary	We analyse the problem of creating didactic material for teaching and evaluating mathematics in the first year of a School of Architecture. By using visual programming, science professor used codes (formulae) to represent in a software their proposals, instead of drawing them themselves. Through this experience we create a database of codes with computational solutions that allows faculty to modify, reuse, visualise and print in the same platform that she students will use while developing their designs. In this way we aim to maximise the link between mathematics and design as fundamental base for the control of complex shapes.
keywords	Visual Programming, Mathematics Education, Architectural Education, Latin America, 3D Printing
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:53

_id	cf2015_463
id	cf2015_463
authors	Leblanc, François
year	2015
title	Super-details: Integrated patterns from 3D printing processes to performance-based design
source	The next city - New technologies and the future of the built environment [16th International Conference CAAD Futures 2015. Sao Paulo, July 8-10, 2015. Electronic Proceedings/ ISBN 978-85-85783-53-2] Sao Paulo, Brazil, July 8-10, 2015, pp. 463.
summary	Performance-based architecture has predominately been influenced by computational advances in simulating complex organizations. The advent of 3D printing, however, has introduced a new approach to generate complex forms, which is redirecting focus from shape-centric design to material design, namely, innovative structures and properties generated by the process itself. This article investigated the multiscale approach potential to design using extrusion-based 3D printing techniques that offer novel geometric organizations that conform to desired performance. It was found that 3D printed toolpaths adapted to extrusion-based systems render an anisotropic behavior to the architectural object that is best optimized by designing tessellated surfaces as the primary structural shape from which small-scale periodic surfaces can be embedded within a larger geometric system.
keywords	3D printing, multiscale design, extrusion-based systems, porous material, topology, CAD integration.
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2015/06/29 07:55

_id	sigradi2015_10.250
id	sigradi2015_10.250
authors	Linardi, Ana Beatriz; Ramos, Fernando da Silva; Garotti, Flavio Valverde; Damiani, Vitor
year	2015
title	3D printing as support for arts education for the visually impaired
source	SIGRADI 2015 [Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - vol. 2 - ISBN: 978-85-8039-133-6] Florianópolis, SC, Brasil 23-27 November 2015, pp. 564-568.
summary	This article discusses some methodologies in art education in schools and educational activities in museums. It focuses on accessibility and in the visually impaired rights to access and improve the experiences and repertoire in artistic languages, recognizing the use of new technologies in the field of digital manufacturing as valuable resources for the production of teaching materials with the use of cheaper and accessible technology, which expands the access to cultural institutions and education. Considering that most of the museums art works are not to be touched, 3D printing reproductions in durable low cost plastic present as an alternative for tactile experience. In addition, the photogrammetric 3D scanning process and digital editing allow for the creation of isolated parts and materials originated from the art piece, broadening the pedagogical possibilities of art educators. The production of didactic material for arts teaching, with the use of 3D printed copies (edited or not) originated from 3D scans, may help revealing a more subtle and sophisticated aspect of artistic narrative to the public and the visually impaired.
keywords	Education, Art, 3D Scan, 3D Printing
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:55

_id	ecaade2015_109
id	ecaade2015_109
authors	Markusiewicz, Jacek, Strzala, Marcin and Koszewski, Krzysztof
year	2015
title	Modular Light Cloud. Design, Programming and Making - Towards the Integration of Creative Actions
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2015.2.091
source	Martens, B, Wurzer, G, Grasl T, Lorenz, WE and Schaffranek, R (eds.), Real Time - Proceedings of the 33rd eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria, 16-18 September 2015, pp. 91-101
summary	Modular Light Cloud is an installation that is conceived to explore the boundaries of architecture and art. Its interactivity is a metaphor of mutual influences that derive from activities performed in space - associated with motion, sound and light.It is an experimental project focused on the integration of architectural elements, structure, information technology, performing arts, electronics and digital fabrication in architectural education.The project was completed in a two-week student workshop in collaboration with a contemporary dance artist. The students were taught the basics of parametric design, programming of electronic components and digital fabrication during tutorial classes. The making process combined three stages of development: design, construction and programming of interaction.The final form consists of two irregular spatial trusses made of aluminum profiles connected with 3d printed nodes. The profiles are equipped with LED strips and electronic components: light sensors, sound and communication between them. These systems control the intensity of light emitted by the diodes based on the inputs.The result is a working prototype presented as interactive installation featuring contemporary dance artist. It was displayed at art festivals and other events.
wos	WOS:000372316000012
series	eCAADe
email
more	https://mh-engage.ltcc.tuwien.ac.at/engage/ui/watch.html?id=e17b2300-6f83-11e5-836f-4becdc2939a0
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	caadria2015_078
id	caadria2015_078
authors	Yanagawa, Kane
year	2015
title	Confluence of Parametric Design and Digital Fabrication Restructuring Manufacturing Industries
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2015.013
source	Emerging Experience in Past, Present and Future of Digital Architecture, Proceedings of the 20th International Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2015) / Daegu 20-22 May 2015, pp. 13-22
summary	The positive consumer reception of 3D printed products suggests that the coupling of digital fabrication technology and parametric design methodologies presents opportunities and challenges to traditional modes of industrial manufacturing. This paper outlines the manner in which parametrically defined constraints of components within design hysteresis can be implemented to maintain conformation to real world constraints. The study challenged ten architectural designers to develop parametric definitions using conventional CAD software and visual programming languages to describe the geometric logic of a simple pendant lamp while permitting some consumer defined shape parameters. The assessment of submitted design descriptions suggests that defining such a system parametrically for manufacturing requires the development of an approach that is capable of not only intelligently managing interdisciplinary dependencies but also evaluating performance factors within implicit design space. During the next phase of this research, focus will be on the application of the proposed constrained design hysteresis methodology in collaboration with a major manufacturing industry partner to further develop and explore its potential in real world implementation. If proven effective, it can be expected that adoption of the combination of parametric design tools and digital fabrication among major manufacturing industries will be pervasive in the coming years.
keywords	Parametric design; digital fabrication; collaborative design; mass-customization; constrained design hysteresis
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	caadria2022_277
id	caadria2022_277
authors	Akbar, Zuardin, Wood, Dylan, Kiesewetter, Laura, Menges, Achim and Wortmann, Thomas
year	2022
title	A Data-Driven Workflow for Modelling Self-Shaping Wood Bilayer, Utilizing Natural Material Variations with Machine Vision and Machine Learning
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.1.393
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 393-402
summary	This paper develops a workflow to train machine learning (ML) models with a small dataset from physical samples to predict the curvatures of self-shaping wood bilayers based on local variations in the grain. In contrast to state-of-the-art predictive models, specifically 1.) a 2D Timoshenko model and 2.) a 3D numerical model with a rheological model, our method accounts for natural and unavoidable material variations. In this paper, we only focus on local grain variations as the main driver for curvatures in small-scale material samples. We extracted a feature matrix from grain images of active and passive layers as a Grey Level Co-Occurrence Matrix and used it as the input for our ML models. We also analysed the impact of grain variations on the feature matrix. We trained and tested several tree-based regression models with different features. The models achieved very accurate predictions for curvatures in each sample (R;0.9) and extend the range of parameters that is incalculable by a Timoshenko model. This research contributes to the material-efficient design of weather-responsive shape-changing wood structures by further leveraging the use of natural material features and explainable data-driven modelling and extends the topic in ML for material behaviour-driven design among the CAADRIA community.
keywords	data-driven model, machine learning, material programming, smart material, timber structure, SDG 12
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	ecaade2023_164
id	ecaade2023_164
authors	Coskun, Agit and Brath Jensen, Mads
year	2023
title	Integrating Additional Elements in Clay 3D Printing with Human Intervention
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.1.741
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 1, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 741–750
summary	The research demonstrates combining permanent wood structures and steel joints with concrete-clay 3D printing. The study aims to investigate methods for the insertion of additional elements during the 3D process and explore methods for how to inform the 3D printed geometry towards the integration of external elements, including spatial, structural, and aesthetic requirements. As a step in the design process, the ideas of various infill patterns are executed through hand sketches at the beginning; then, the drawings are exported to Grasshopper parametrically at the scale. The connection types, infill density, and nozzle size are all considered when designing infills, and it is thought to specify the required lengths between print paths on each print layer, nozzle size, and extrusion speed. Grasshopper is essentially used to test and simulate how 3D printing works while drawing with clay. Upon selecting the required form, openings are created on both sides of the walls where the additional elements are placed. Thus, a greater understanding of the material-fabrication process interaction and the possibilities offered by computational design is required to integrate with these elements, which are timber, concrete, and steel. The subsequent phase of the investigation also included adding more features to the wall while printing it with human intervention, such as steel placements for the wooden structure. In this paper, during the 3-month investigations, the research produced many physical prototypes with different infill strategies. The variations of the infills were enumerated and compared based on structural stability, aesthetic and functional purposes, infill density, and connection types in the infill (self-tangent, half-overlap, and full overlap). One of these variations was chosen to create two walls for the design of a shelter as a case. The final prototype will give details of how the timber structures will be integrated into 3d printed walls with human intervention during the 3D printing process.
keywords	Clay 3d printing, Wooden structures, Steel supports, Infill strategies, Arch openings
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	acadia23_v2_174
id	acadia23_v2_174
authors	Dayyem Khan, Muhammad; Varadharajan, Tharanesh; A Keller, Zachary; Aghaei Meibodi, Mania
year	2023
title	BioMatters: The Robotic 3D-Printed Biodegradable Wood-Based Formwork for Cast-in-place Concrete Structures
source	ACADIA 2023: Habits of the Anthropocene: Scarcity and Abundance in a Post-Material Economy [Volume 2: Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Conference for the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9891764-0-3]. Denver. 26-28 October 2023. edited by A. Crawford, N. Diniz, R. Beckett, J. Vanucchi, M. Swackhamer 174-183.
summary	‘BioMatters’ explores methods of creating wood-based material for 3D Printing freeform concrete formwork. The concrete industry is widely acknowledged as a significant contributor to waste, pollution, and resource consumption. Typical concrete formwork, which constitutes 40% of the overall expenses in concrete construction, is a significant source of waste. Recent 3D printing advancements in concrete formwork offer increased design flexibility, significantly reduced concrete consumption, minimal material waste, and improved productivity. This research project represents a pioneering advancement in 3D printing formwork by investigating robotic 3D printing methods with wood-based materials that are fully biodegradable, reusable, and recyclable. The paper presents a novel method of coupling robotic 3D printing of wood-based material with incremental set-on-demand concrete casting to create zero-waste, freeform concrete structures. Here, the concrete takes its shape from the 3D-printed wood formwork and, at the same time, concrete stabilizes the 3D printed wood to prevent its deformation on a larger scale. Once the concrete is cured, the formwork is removed and is fully recycled by grinding and rehydrating the material with water, thus creating a nearly zero-waste formwork solution. The method is investigated involving the design and fabrication of a pair of 1.8-meter-high structural columns. This project focuses on utilizing the material from previous 3D printed formwork for each subsequent column, to evaluate the reusability of the material. The project explores various aspects, including sequential rebar integration, the correlation between the geometric properties of the 3D printed formwork, and the rheology hydrostatic pressure of the concrete mix in relation to material design.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2024/12/20 09:12

_id	caadria2019_636
id	caadria2019_636
authors	Engholt, Jon and Pigram, Dave
year	2019
title	Tailored Flexibility - Reinforcing concrete fabric formwork with 3D printed plastics
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.053
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 53-62
summary	The tailored flexibility project seeks to develop a construction system that combines flexible formwork with robotic 3D plastic printing resulting in novel approaches that expand the ranges of both techniques. Combining 3D printing and flexible formwork does not necessarily suggest a unified design space and the development depends on thorough interrogation and critical assessment of the physical intelligence that emerges between digital design, manufacturing processes and structural integrity. This paper describes the initial prototyping of compound material behaviour in formwork and concrete, following the implicit rationales revealed through iterations and variations of physical experimentation. Such iterative feedback from physical prototyping informs and facilitates a discussion of the relationship between the manufacturing process and the design tool: How does the ultimate function as concrete shuttering transform the 3D printing process and how does this transformation conversely affect the shuttering design? How does a hierarchy of involved processes emerge and which composite opportunities do the initial results suggest as a further development into a coherent construction system?
keywords	concrete; flexible formwork; 3D printing; robotic fabrication
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	sigradi2022_66
id	sigradi2022_66
authors	Garcia-Alvarado, Rodrigo; Banda Perez, Pablo; Moroni Orellana, Ginnia
year	2022
title	Architectural Diversity of Residential Buildings through Digital Design and Robotic Construction
source	Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 957–966
summary	The housing demand in Latin America has promoted to build big complexes with repetitive designs to ensure their execution and commercialization, but neglecting the differences in occupation, cultures, ages, abilities, genders, climates and locations. Producing low quality, environmental deterioration and social alienation. This work exposes a parametric programming and robotic construction strategy to develop a varied residential process. Based on structural volumes and 3d-printed walls, to provide a diversity of housing configurations. The modular generation of volumes and development of the envelope is programmed to meet various thermal and occupational conditions, with printing trajectories for the walls according to the equipment, execution processes and material capacities. A repertoire of 494 residential volumes has been defined and prototype walls have been made, suggesting an innovative design system, wich provides a new paradigm for housing construction with digital technologies and robotic execution to diversify residential quality.
keywords	Inclusive Design, Housing, Parametric Design, Robotics, Digital Fabrication
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2023/05/16 16:57

_id	caadria2023_210
id	caadria2023_210
authors	Linker, Gitit, Gillis, Elisheva, Freedman, Danny, Segal, Adi, Zermati, Noa, Naim, Or, Partook, Rebecca Hila and Nathansohn, Nof
year	2023
title	Designed to Grow: 3D Printing of Seeds
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.2.211
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 211–220
summary	The prevalent use of inorganic, non-local materials in construction and design in the age of ecological crisis, calls for experiments with new, more sustainable components. In this research, we suggest re-thinking the incorporation of flora in design, by developing a new material for additive manufacturing (AM), that utilizes the constructive potential in the root entanglement of germinating seeds. The material which is comprised of a hydrogel and seeds is used to create 3D printed objects. These transform over time and the material receives new properties and qualities. The seeds develop into plants which finally wither, the plants roots intertwine and strengthen the structure of the designed shape as the sustaining hydrogel disintegrates. The object is comprised of organic biodegradable components only, that can be prepared for AM in simple processes. By doing so, the result is an accessible method of creating plant based and digitally designed objects. Our research challenges the conventional approach for integrating nature into the built environment. While flora is most commonly subsequently added as an external addition to the designed object, in this work, seeding is an integral part of the fabrication process. This allows us to introduce a new workflow for ecological design and fabrication.
keywords	Material Development, 3D printing, 3D Bioprinting, Digital Fabrication, Sustainable Design, Post Printing Transformation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	acadia20_176p
id	acadia20_176p
authors	Lok, Leslie; Zivkovic, Sasa
year	2020
title	Ashen Cabin
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume II: Projects [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95253-6]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by M. Yablonina, A. Marcus, S. Doyle, M. del Campo, V. Ago, B. Slocum. 176-181
summary	Ashen Cabin, designed by HANNAH, is a small building 3D-printed from concrete and clothed in a robotically fabricated envelope made of irregular ash wood logs. From the ground up, digital design and fabrication technologies are intrinsic to the making of this architectural prototype, facilitating fundamentally new material methods, tectonic articulations, forms of construction, and architectural design languages. Ashen Cabin challenges preconceived notions about material standards in wood. The cabin utilizes wood infested by the Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) for its envelope, which, unfortunately, is widely considered as ‘waste’. At present, the invasive EAB threatens to eradicate most of the 8.7 billion ash trees in North America (USDA, 2019). Due to their challenging geometries, most infested ash trees cannot be processed by regular sawmills and are therefore regarded as unsuitable for construction. Infested and dying ash trees form an enormous and untapped material resource for sustainable wood construction. By implementing high precision 3D scanning and robotic fabrication, the project upcycles Emerald-Ash-Borer-infested ‘waste wood’ into an abundantly available, affordable, and morbidly sustainable building material for the Anthropocene. Using a KUKA KR200/2 with a custom 5hp band saw end effector at the Cornell Robotic Construction Laboratory (RCL), the research team can saw irregular tree logs into naturally curved boards of various and varying thicknesses. The boards are arrayed into interlocking SIP façade panels, and by adjusting the thickness of the bandsaw cut, the robotically carved timber boards can be assembled as complex single curvature surfaces or double-curvature surfaces. The undulating wooden surfaces accentuate the building’s program and yet remain reminiscent of the natural log geometry which they are derived from. The curvature of the wood is strategically deployed to highlight moments of architectural importance such as windows, entrances, roofs, canopies, or provide additional programmatic opportunities such as integrated shelving, desk space, or storage.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2021/10/26 08:08

_id	ecaade2024_264
id	ecaade2024_264
authors	Meyer, Joost; Garrido, Federico; Martarello, Ana; Hömberg, Christina
year	2024
title	Opportunities for a sustainable future: Testing the biocompatibility of new materials for large scale additive manufacturing
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2024.1.245
source	Kontovourkis, O, Phocas, MC and Wurzer, G (eds.), Data-Driven Intelligence - Proceedings of the 42nd Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2024), Nicosia, 11-13 September 2024, Volume 1, pp. 245–254
summary	This paper is about recycling, reuse, composting and degradation of natural 3D-printing materials based on waste from the wood industry. Wood is an abundant organic material used in the construction industry that generates significant waste during its manufacturing process. Liquid Deposition Modelling (LDM) offers a flexible and energy-efficient additive manufacturing method for paste-like materials made from these same waste materials. Due to the inherent properties of its components, the resulting material is sustainable and complies with the principles of the circular economy. The potential impact of this emerging and scarcely investigated technological opportunity on the construction industry could be immense. The sustainable properties can lead to a turning point in the carbon-conscious design in architecture. For this reason, a young team of researchers, supported by architectural students in their Masters, designed experimental set-ups, methods and evaluation criteria focusing on aspects of ecology.
keywords	biogenic materials, additive manufacturing, 3d printed architecture, circularity, liquid deposition modelling, zero waste, up-cycling, wood waste recycling
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/11/17 22:05

_id	caadria2021_213
id	caadria2021_213
authors	Oghazian, Farzaneh and Vazquez, Elena
year	2021
title	A Multi-Scale Workflow for Designing with New Materials in Architecture: Case Studies across Materials and Scales - Case studies across materials and scales
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.533
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 533-542
summary	In this paper, we present a workflow developed for designing with and scaling-up new materials in architecture through an iterative cycle of materialization and testing. The framework establishes a connection between design requirements and form, taking advantage of different scales in new materials known as micro, meso, and macroscale in the process of design/manufacture. Different scales when dealing with material systems-especially in those that possess some level of uncertainty in their behavior from the formation process-make it challenging to deal with the different material variables controlled at each scale. This paper presents a brief review of existing design workflows centered on material properties. We then discuss case studies and argue for a multi-scale approach for design. Finally, we present the workflow. By implementing the workflow on two case studies, we answer how we can include material scales and their embedded properties as the central part of the design/manufacture process to aid in implementing new materials in architecture. The case studies are a responsive skin system and a free-standing tensile structure incorporating 3D printed wood filament and knitted yarn as the primary material.
keywords	material computation; material-based design; wood 3D printing; knitting; multi-scale workflow
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	caadria2024_282
id	caadria2024_282
authors	Skevaki, Eleni, Kladeftira, Marirena, Pittiglio, Alexandra Nicole and Parascho, Stefana
year	2024
title	Assembly of Spaceframes in Hybrid Teams: Adaptive Digital Fabrication Workflows for Human-Robot Collaboration
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2024.3.291
source	Nicole Gardner, Christiane M. Herr, Likai Wang, Hirano Toshiki, Sumbul Ahmad Khan (eds.), ACCELERATED DESIGN - Proceedings of the 29th CAADRIA Conference, Singapore, 20-26 April 2024, Volume 3, pp. 291–300
summary	In spatial timber assemblies, a multitude of factors can lead to errors that hinder the implementation of complete automation including but not limited to inaccuracies of the robotic setup, deformations of the structures during assembly, or the natural dimensional variability of wood. Any unplanned event, construction detail, or material variability that was not embedded ahead of time in the CAD environment can cause failure. To mitigate these challenges, this paper expands this conventional one-directional design-to-fabrication pipeline and proposes interactive digital fabrication workflows where humans and robots work synergistically, blending the adaptability of human craft with the precision of robotic technology. The method is validated with two prototypes comprising linear timber elements and 3d printed connections that showcase adaptability in the fabrication setup and allow for design changes to happen concurrently with fabrication. In this paradigm, human operators are not mere extensions of the robotic system but rather central to dynamic problem-solving and instrumental in making immediate adjustments.
keywords	human-robot interaction, 3d printed connections, timber assemblies, human-in-the-loop, multi-agent fabrication, adaptive digital fabrication
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2024/11/17 22:05

_id	caadria2019_379
id	caadria2019_379
authors	Vazquez, Elena, Gursoy, Benay and Duarte, Jose
year	2019
title	Designing for Shape Change - A Case study on 3D Printing Composite Materials for Responsive Architectures
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.2.391
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 391-400
summary	This paper presents the initial stages of a research that aims to develop hydroactive architectural skin systems that respond to environmental humidity. As part of this study, we have developed wood-based bio-composite materials that are 3D printed with wood filament. Shape-changing behavior is not predictable in advance. We developed customized 3D printing protocols to systematically study shape-changing behavior. The paper presents this systematic material study and the prototypes that we have developed.
keywords	smart materials; responsive architecture; 3D printing; material computation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

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