Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ecaade2013_194
id	ecaade2013_194
authors	Ohshima, Taisuke; Igarashi, Takeo; Mitani, Jun and Tanaka, Hiroya
year	2013
title	WoodWeaver
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2013.1.693
source	Stouffs, Rudi and Sariyildiz, Sevil (eds.), Computation and Performance – Proceedings of the 31st eCAADe Conference – Volume 1, Faculty of Architecture, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands, 18-20 September 2013, pp. 693-702
summary	In this study, we propose a novel computational system called WoodWeaver for fabricating curved surfaces from conventional materials without using moulds. We use a cutting-based material bending method called Dukta. Our system enables a user to design a single free-form curved surface and to fabricate it based on the bending deformation characteristics of the material. The system also indicates an invalid shape; that is, one that will break upon bending deformation. The user can then design a valid shape with this information. We also develop an optimal Dukta pattern that is the smallest-sized gap pattern necessary to represent a user-designed shape. Given a valid shape, the system generates the optimal pattern and a machine cuts four modules with this pattern. Finally, the user assembles these modules to obtain the desired shape.
wos	WOS:000340635300072
keywords	Digital fabrication; personal fabrication; computational design; mould bending; interactive modelling.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	250a
authors	Ojeda, Oscar R. and Guerra, Lucas H.
year	1996
title	Hyper-Realistic, Computer Generated Architectural Renderings
source	New York, NY: McGraw Hill
summary	The Graphic Idea Resource series presents design in an affordable format. Each book in the series presents inspiring, contemporary, graphic design projects and focuses on a single area of design technique. With examples of finished work ranging from brochures to packaging to self-promotion, this series is a valuable resource for designers working in any specialty.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	caadria2011_005
id	caadria2011_005
authors	Okabe, Aya and Tsukasa Takenaka
year	2011
title	Computational landscape design with the seed scattering system: A case study in the Sony forest project
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 49-58
summary	This paper proposes a computational landscape design method, called the seeds scattering system (SS system), which enables us to manage various environmental parameters in design processes, to create the ‘natural forest’ in urban environments. First, this paper discusses the drawbacks of the conventional methods for landscape design. Second, the paper outlines the components of the SS system together with the design process of the SONY forest project in Tokyo, and shows its advantages, including broad applicability to conceptual design, and capability of environmental simulations and spatial optimizations. Last, the paper summarizes the effectiveness of the SS system. By managing fundamental rules behind geometries in forest growth processes, the SS system showed us capability for constructing interactive relationships between design and their surrounding environments to produce design inherent in its site.
keywords	Computational landscape design, parameter, tool customization, optimization, sensor network system
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2012/05/30 21:29

_id	cdc2008_195
id	cdc2008_195
authors	Okabe, Aya; Tsukasa Takenaka and Jerzy Wojtowicz
year	2008
title	Beyond Surface: Aspects of UVN world in Algorithmic Design
source	First International Conference on Critical Digital: What Matters(s)? - 18-19 April 2008, Harvard University Graduate School of Design, Cambridge (USA), pp. 195-204
summary	The need for architects to develop their own computational tools is becoming increasingly evident. In this paper, we introduced our design tool named ‘UVN generator’ which is based on the algorithmic process combining scripting potentiality and flexibility of traditional 3D surface modeling. Our attempt on combining the two served us well to explore the new ground for design. New conditions were explored and observed in the three case studies which are named ‘on a surface’, ‘between surfaces’ and ‘on a new ordered surface’, referring to place where the scripts were run. In design projects presented in our case studies, we focus on the system behind the generation of complex, expressive, biomimetic, yet humanistic shape. This challenge to find a new ground for computational design enables us to pose our critical question ‘What could be algorithmic design potential may lay beyond basic surfaces?’
email
last changed	2009/01/07 08:05

_id	7655
authors	Okeil, Ahmad and El Araby, Mostafa
year	2003
title	Realism vs. Reality in Digital Reconstruction of Cities
source	CORP 2003, Vienna University of Technology, 25.2.-28.2.2003 [Proceedings on CD-Rom]
summary	The digital reconstruction of existing cities using virtual reality techniques is being increasingly used. For consultants, municipalities and planning departments these models provide decision support through visual simulations (El Araby, 2001). For academia they provide a new tool for teaching students urban design and planning (Okeil, 2001). For authorities they provide a tool for promoting the city on the world wide web trying to attract more businesses and tourists to it. The built environment is very rich in detail. It does not only consist of open spaces surrounded by abstract buildings but it also includes many smaller objects such as street furniture, traffic signs, street lights, different types of vegetation and shop signs for example. All surfaces in the built environment have unique properties describing color, texture and opacity. The built environmentis dynamic and our perception is affected by factors such as pedestrian movement, traffic, environmental factors such as wind, noise and shadows. The built environment is also shaped by the accumulation of changes caused by many influences through time. All these factors make the reconstruction of the built environment a very complex task. This paper tries to answer the question: how realistic the reconstructed models of urban areas can be. It sees “Realism“ as a variable floating between three types of realties. The reality of the physical environment which we are trying to represent. The reality of the digital environment which will host the digitally reconstructed city. And the reality of the working environment which deals with the problem of limitation of resources needed to digitally reconstruct the city. A case study of building a 3D computer model of an urban area in the United Arab Emirates demonstrates that new time-saving techniques for data acquisition can enhance realism by meetingbudget limitations and time limitations.
keywords	Virtual Reality; Photo Realism; Texture Maps; 3D Modeling; Urban Design
series	other
email
last changed	2003/03/11 20:39

_id	ascaad2007_000
id	ascaad2007_000
authors	Okeil, Ahmad; Al-Attili, Aghlab; Mallasi, Zaki (eds.)
year	2007
title	ASCAAD 2007: Embodying Virtual Architecture
source	The Third International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2007), 28-30 November 2007, Alexandria, Egypt.
series	ASCAAD
last changed	2022/05/04 11:01

_id	caadria2023_300
id	caadria2023_300
authors	Okhoya, Victor and Bernal, Marcelo
year	2023
title	Variability in Machine Learning for Multi-Criteria Performance Analysis
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.1.149
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 149–158
summary	Parametric analysis is emerging as an important approach to building performance evaluation in architectural practice. Since architectural performance has many competing metrics multi-criteria analysis is required to deal effectively with the complexity. However, multi-criteria parametric analysis involves large design spaces that are expensive to compute. Machine learning is emerging as an important design space reduction method for multi-criteria analysis. However, there are many types of machine learning algorithms and architects can benefit from understanding which algorithms perform well on which tasks. Using a mid-rise commercial residential tower project this paper investigates three common machine learning algorithms for performance against three common performance metrics. The algorithms are multi-layer perceptrons, support vector machines, and random forests, while the metrics are site energy, illuminance, and a value function that combines them both. In addition, we seek to understand what factors are most impactful in improving algorithm performance. We investigate four impact factors namely sample size, sensitivity analysis, feature selection, and hyperparameters. We find that multi-layer perceptrons perform best for all three performance metrics. We also find that hyperparameter tuning is the most impactful factor affecting multi-layer perceptron performance.
keywords	parametric analysis, machine learning, design space
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	ijac202220309
id	ijac202220309
authors	Okhoya, Victor W; Marcelo Bernal; Athanassios Economou; Nirvik Saha; Robert Vaivodiss; Tzu-Chieh K Hong; John Haymaker
year	2022
title	Generative workplace and space planning in architectural practice
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2022, Vol. 20 - no. 3, pp. 645–672
summary	Generative design is emerging as an important approach for design exploration and design analysis in architectural practice. At the interior design scale, although many approaches exist, they do not meet many requirements for implementing generative design in practice. These requirements include the need for enduser accessible tools and skills, rapid execution, the use of standard inputs and outputs, and being scalable and reusable. In this paper, we describe a hybrid process that uses both space allocation and shape grammar algorithms to solve workplace and space planning interior design problems. Space allocation algorithms partition spaces according to program requirements while shape grammar automates the placement of inventory and the production of high-resolution drawings. We evaluate using three real world example projects how this hybrid approach meets the identified requirements of generative space planning in architectural practice
keywords	Generative design, shape grammar, space allocation, space planning
series	journal
last changed	2024/04/17 14:30

_id	404e
authors	Oksala , T.
year	1988
title	Logical Models for Rule-based CAAD
source	CAAD futures ‘87 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-444-42916-6] Eindhoven (The Netherlands), 20-22 May 1987, pp. 107-116
summary	The aim of this paper is to present the basic results of a theoretic approach to represent architectural individual forms in CAD systems. From the point of view of design methodology and problem solving these descriptions might be conceived' as parts of possible environments satisfying the laws of some design theory in logical sense. This paper describes results in a series of logical studies towards rule and knowledge based systems for design automation. The effective use of programming languages and computers as design aids in architecture presupposes certain capabilities to articulate built environment logically. The use of graphic languages in the description of environmental items e.g. buildings might be theoretically mastered by formal production systems including linguistic, geometric, and spatio-material generation. The combination of the power of formal mechanisms and logical individual calculus offers suitable framework to generate arbitrary e.g. free spatial compositions as types or unique solutions. In this frame it is natural to represent in a coherent way very complex hierarchical parsing of buildings in explicit form as needed in computer implementations. In order to simulate real design work the individual configurations of possible built forms should be designed to satisfy known rules. In the preliminary stage partial solutions to design problems may be discussed in mathematical terms using frameworks like lattices, graphs, or group theoretical considerations of structural, functional, and visual organization of buildings. The capability to produce mathematically sophisticated geometric structures allows us to generalize the approach further. The theoretical design knowhow in architecture can be partly translated in to some logic and represented in a knowledge base. These rules are used as selection criteria for geometric design candidates in the sense of logical model theory and mathematical optimization. The economy of the system can be developed by using suitable conduct mechanisms familiar e.g. from logic programming. The semantics of logic offers a frame to consider computer assisted and formal generation in design. A number of semantic and pragmatic problems, however, remain to be solved. In any case conceptual analyses based on logic are applicable in order to rationally reconstruct architectural goals contributing to the quality of environmental design, which should be the main goal in the development of design systems in near future.
series	CAAD Futures
last changed	1999/04/03 17:58

_id	6d7a
authors	Oksala, T.
year	1986
title	About the Mathematics of Knowledge-Based Design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1986.244
source	Teaching and Research Experience with CAAD [4th eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Rome (Italy) 11-13 September 1986, pp. 244-252
summary	The aim of this paper is to enlighten the role of mathematics in architectural planning with the view of CAD-teaching. First attention is focussed on the general development in planning methodology and technology. Planning mathematics provides for the basic tools to support mastering this development. Finally the common possibilities of exact methods and CAD-technology are characterized.
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	0be9
authors	Oksala, Tarkko
year	1982
title	Computer Assisted Generation of Houses
source	1982? pp. 111-120 : ill. includes bibliography
summary	The logical basis in a generative approach to housing planning is characterized in connection with historical and actual examples. A row-house grammar is presented and its extensions to other types of houses are critically considered. Finally complete computer generation of small apartments covering the municipal housing production of the town of Helsinki is discussed
keywords	CAD, architecture, automation, design, floor plans, shape grammars, synthesis, layout
series	CADline
last changed	1999/02/12 15:09

_id	e324
authors	Oksala, Tarkko
year	1989
title	Typological Knowledge in Computer-Aided Housing Design -- Chapter 6
source	Helsinki, Finland: the Finish Academy of Technology, 1989. No. 92: pp. 49-60 : ill. includes bibliography
summary	This paper considers logical aspects in the knowledge and rule based approach to housing planning and design. The generation problem in housing design is formulated and some experimental work in the field is discussed. Logical methods in knowledge-based generation are introduced as a frame for various production situation. Formation of typical compositions is discussed as a basis for more advanced design. Generation of typological classes and mastering of individual solutions by means of sets of predicates are used to form knowledge-bases for elementary housing solutions. The possibilities of sentenial calculi are characterized in order to allow reconstruction of tradition-guided expert know how. Finally some desirable characteristics of computer aided housing design systems are illustrated
keywords	housing, knowledge base, design, shape grammars, synthesis, floor plans, layout
series	CADline
last changed	1999/02/12 15:09

_id	caadria2014_512
id	caadria2014_512
authors	Oksuz, Elif Belkis and Gulen Cagdas
year	2014
title	An Implication of Architectural Morphogenesis within Allometric Principles
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.937
source	Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 937–938
series	CAADRIA
type	poster
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	ecaade2020_372
id	ecaade2020_372
authors	Oktan, Selin and Vural, Serbülent
year	2020
title	A Case Study on the Relationship between Mathematics, Geometry and Design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2020.1.489
source	Werner, L and Koering, D (eds.), Anthropologic: Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age - Proceedings of the 38th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 16-18 September 2020, pp. 489-494
summary	Geometry and mathematics have always been disciplines related with architecture. As the geometry gets more complex, dealing with it becomes more intuitive. This study focuses on an exercise process, carried out with the third term undergraduate students, that searches complex geometries. The aim of this study is to make the students think over mathematical expressions as a design form and to improve their computational thinking abilities. This study takes the use of mathematics and geometry one step further in the architectural education process, and discusses that forms are not just visual values, and that their mathematical values can be used as parameters in the design process. In this context, complex three-dimensional objects that are difficult to model in three dimensions can be modelled and developed with parameters.
keywords	algebraic surfaces; computational design; mathematical definitions; geometry
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	caadria2010_052
id	caadria2010_052
authors	Okuda, S. and Z. Ou
year	2010
title	Bio-shell (biodegradable vacuum-formed modularised shelter)
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2010.565
source	Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Hong Kong 7-10 April 2010, pp. 565-574
summary	This paper demonstrates how digitally fabricated vacuum-formed components can provide a new type of efficient construction applicable to architecture. Vacuum forming has the advantage of rapid mass-production capability of 3D curved forms. Recent digital fabrication technologies, such as 3D CAD and CNC machining, have dramatically reduced the cost and time for making the mould. In combination with biodegradable plastic, such as PLA (poly lactic acid) made of biopolymer, it could open up new type of sustainable construction system, which is applicable for temporal disaster housings or exhibition booths.
keywords	Digital fabrication; biodegradable; vacuum forming; fi nite element; lightweight structure
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	cf2009_poster_45
id	cf2009_poster_45
authors	Okuda, Shinya
year	2009
title	Bio-shell (Biodegradable vacuum-formed modularized shelter)
source	T. Tidafi and T. Dorta (eds) Joining Languages Cultures and Visions: CAADFutures 2009 CD-Rom
summary	This poster demonstrates how digitally fabricated vacuum-formed components can provide a new type of lightweight construction applicable to architecture. Surface-active systems such as a thin-shell concrete domes are some of the most material-efficient structures. Despite their efficiency few have been constructed recently due to necessary extensive labor cost. However, the growing concern for a worldwide shortage of natural resources and rising material costs, suggests that we reconsider the use of efficient structures, such as surface-active systems. Vacuum formed plastics mainly used in industrial design have strong merit based on their fast and low-cost mass production. Together with the recent emergence of digital fabrication technologies, the vacuum forming process is becoming an attractive fabrication technique for new and innovative lightweight structures.
keywords	Digital Fabrication, Biodegradable, lightweight structure
series	CAAD Futures
type	poster
email
last changed	2009/08/21 07:41

_id	ecaade2011_172
id	ecaade2011_172
authors	Okuda, Shinya; Ping, Chua Liang
year	2011
title	Form Follows Performance: Structural Optimisation and the Cost-effectiveness of Digital Fabrication
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.837
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.837-842
summary	The presented paper describes a series of studio-based research projects on structural optimisation and the cost-effectiveness of digital fabrication that aim to balance stress distribution across thick walls or a rib density of slabs. As a consequence of the structural optimisations, the results tend to be non-uniform shapes that are not ideal for cost-effective fabrication. This paper introduces a few simple models to balance structural optimisation and fabrication cost-effectiveness. It involves relatively simple structural simulations as the design inputs, and then converts the simulation results into various architectural forms using parametric 3D modelling tool (McNeel Rhinoceros v4, Grasshopper v0.8) before fabricating them using digital fabrication technologies. The major challenge of this study is how to translate simulation results into architectural components/overall building shapes and how to fabricate complex forms in a cost-effective manner.
wos	WOS:000335665500096
keywords	Digital Fabrication; Mass Customisation; Cost-effectiveness; Structural Optimization; Parametric
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	ef67
authors	Olfe, D.B.
year	1995
title	Computer Graphics for Design. From Algorithms to AutoCAD.
source	New Jersey: Prentice-Hall
summary	Combines the fundamental principles and algroithms involved in graphics with specific applications and examples. Through this discussion, readers will understand more fully how CAD software programs function, and help diagnose and solve problems associated with modeling design on CAD systems.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	sigradi2004_033
id	sigradi2004_033
authors	Olga Maria Almeida da Silva; Adriane Borda Almeida da Silva; Neusa Mariza Rodrigues Félix
year	2004
title	Modelagem geométrica como instrumento de análise e representação de mobiliário [Geometric Modeling as Instrument for Furniture Analysis and Representation]
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	This work explores the Geometric Modeling possibilities as a tool for professional use to the Furniture Design by Interior Architecture professionals. It is considered that the modeling process contributes to the characterization of furniture, since it is necessary the definition of the geometric procedures to generate and control the represented form. Searching for evidences of the kind of contribution, some experiments were developed using chairs from different periods as the object for representation. Three chairs were selected to model, from three different historical periods. The modeling processes were based on the use of 3D Studio Max, registered, analyzed and compared. The results defined references to the use of Digital Graphics to support the representation and also to studies of the furniture form.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:56

_id	ijac202018405
id	ijac202018405
authors	Olga Mesa, Saurabh Mhatre and Dan Aukes
year	2020
title	CREASE: Synchronous gait by minimizing actuation through folded geometry
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 18 - no. 4, 385–403
summary	The Age of the Fourth Industrial Revolution promises the integration and synergy of disciplines to arrive at meaningful and comprehensive solutions. As computation and fabrication methods become pervasive, they present platforms for communication. Value exists in diverse disciplines bringing their approach to a common conversation, proposing demands, and potentials in response to entrenched challenges. Robotics has expanded recently as computational analysis, and digital fabrication methods are more accurate and reliable. Advances in functional microelectromechanical components have resulted in the design of new robots presenting alternatives to traditional ambulatory robots. However, most examples are the result of intense computational analysis necessitating engineering expertise and specialized manufacturing. Accessible fabrication methods like laminate techniques propose alternatives to new robot morphologies. However, most examples remain overly actuated without harnessing the full potential of folds for locomotion. Our research explores the connection between origami structures and kinematics for the generation of an ambulatory robot presenting efficient, controlled, and graceful gait with minimal use of components. Our robot ‘Crease’ achieves complex gait by harnessing kinematic origami chains rather than relying on motors. Minimal actuation activates the folds to produce variations in walk and direction. Integrating a physical iterative process with computational analysis, several prototypes were generated at different scales, including untethered ones with sensing and steering that could map their environment. Furthering the dialogue between disciplines, this research contributes not only to the field of robotics but also architectural design, where efficiency, adjustability, and ease of fabrication are critical in designing kinetic elements.
keywords	Digitals fabrication, robotics, origami, laminate construction, smart geometry, digital manufacturing and materials, smart materials
series	journal
email
last changed	2021/06/03 23:29

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