CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id ascaad2016_025
id ascaad2016_025
authors Mohamadin, Mahmoud F.; Ahmed A. Abouaiana and Hala H. Wagih
year 2016
title Parametric Islamic Geometric Pattern for Efficient Daylight and Energy Performance - Façade retrofit of educational space in hot arid climate
source Parametricism Vs. Materialism: Evolution of Digital Technologies for Development [8th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-0-9955691-0-2] London (United Kingdom) 7-8 November 2016, pp. 227-236
summary The purpose of this paper is to reach an optimal Islamic geometric pattern (IGP) shading screen design in terms of daylight and energy performance in an existing educational design studio (EDS) using generative design and simulation techniques. The study was carried out in a hot arid climate, in a typical EDS in 6th October University, located in Cairo, Egypt, and the study focused on the north-east oriented façade. Grasshopper for Rhino was utilized to generate the IGP parametric variations. Diva-For-Rhino which performs daylight analysis using Radiance / DAYSIM, and Design Builder which performs thermal load simulations using EnergyPlus were utilized in simulation. The results of the study achieved the required daylight levels with significant reduction of energy consumption levels of cooling load. This shows the affordance of the parametric IGP shading screens in façade treatment for achieving both efficient daylight and energy performance in educational design studio in hot arid climates.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2017/05/25 13:31

_id caadria2016_777
id caadria2016_777
authors Aditra, Rakhmat F. and Andry Widyowijatnoko
year 2016
title Combination of mass customisation and conventional construction: A case study of geodesic bamboo dome
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2016.777
source Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016) / Melbourne 30 March–2 April 2016, pp. 777-786
summary With the development of advance fabrication, several digi- tal fabrication approaches have been developed. These approaches en- able better form exploration than the conventional manufacturing pro- cess. But, the built examples mostly rely on advance machinery which was not familiar or available in developed country where construction workers are still abundant. Meanwhile, much knowledge gathers in the field practice. This research is aimed to explore an alternative con- struction workflow and method with the combination of mass custom- ization and conventional construction method and to propose the structure system that emphasized this alternative workflow and meth- od. Lattice structure was proposed. The conventional construction method was used in the struts production and mass customization method, laser cutting, and was used for connection production. The algorithmic process was used mainly for data mining, details design, and component production. The backtracking was needed to be pre- dicted and addressed previously. Considerations that will be needed to be tested by further example are on the transition from the digital pro- cess to the manual process. Next research could be for analysing the other engineering aspect for this prototype and suggesting other struc- tural system with more optimal combination of conventional construc- tion and mass customization.
keywords Mass customisation; algorithmic design; digital fabrication; geodesic dome; lattice structure
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id ascaad2016_059
id ascaad2016_059
authors Admed, Mohammad H.K.
year 2016
title Towards Developing BIM Curriculum in Higher Education in Egypt
source Parametricism Vs. Materialism: Evolution of Digital Technologies for Development [8th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-0-9955691-0-2] London (United Kingdom) 7-8 November 2016, pp. 589-598
summary The paper surveys and discusses the current state of teaching BIM in departments of architecture in Egypt. It also connects it to the increasing professional market demand for technologically qualified architects. In specific, the paper explores the reasons behind the fact that the local BIM curriculum is lagging behind its international counterpart. It also explores the need to utilise BIM software capabilities. A further comparative survey is carried out between local case studies and international cases through identifying several stages of BIM implementation in both teaching and design. The advantages and disadvantages of the current method of teaching are explored in an effort to improve performance of BIM curriculum.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2017/05/25 13:34

_id sigradi2016_615
id sigradi2016_615
authors Almeida , Rafael Goffinet de; Santos, Fábio Lopes Souza
year 2016
title Um olhar sobre a relação entre sujeitos e meios técnicos: O público como construção social mediada [Looking at the relationship between subjects and technical means: The audience as mediated social construction]
source SIGraDi 2016 [Proceedings of the 20th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Argentina, Buenos Aires 9 - 11 November 2016, pp.872-879
summary This article analyses some of the proposals produced in the late 1970´s by the American contemporary artist Dan Graham, in which he uses technical means to investigate the audience´s perception and behavior. The questions raised highlight reciprocity phenomena and identity constructions – factors that affect our experience and behavior in contemporary cities daily life. All of these issues derive from Graham´s investigations of the main information and communication technologies (media) produced at that time, and which continue to offer reflections on current relationship between technical means and the subject – that is, his/her condition as audience, observer, spectator or user.
keywords Dan Graham; Contemporary art; Contemporary Architecture and City; Technical means; Contemporary spatiality
series other
type normal paper
email
last changed 2017/06/21 14:49

_id sigradi2016_756
id sigradi2016_756
authors Assis, Jonas H. G. de; Andrade, Max L. V. de; Brochardt, Mikael M. de S. A.
year 2016
title Aplicaç?es de Realidade Aumentada no Canteiro de Obras []
source SIGraDi 2016 [Proceedings of the 20th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Argentina, Buenos Aires 9 - 11 November 2016, pp.662-667
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2021/03/28 19:58

_id sigradi2023_508
id sigradi2023_508
authors Barber, Gabriela and Lafluf, Marcos
year 2023
title Videomapping laboratory. Systematization of experiences 2016-2022
source García Amen, F, Goni Fitipaldo, A L and Armagno Gentile, Á (eds.), Accelerated Landscapes - Proceedings of the XXVII International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2023), Punta del Este, Maldonado, Uruguay, 29 November - 1 December 2023, pp. 843–854
summary This article synthesizes the result of a systematization and analysis of videomapping carried out in “Laboratorio de Visualización Digital Avanzada” in the period 2014-2022, taking as a source the information collected in the investigation "(Lafluf, 2020), it is updated by integrating new experiences and new interpretations. Likewise, the article aims to provide a structured way to describe and analyze videomapping projects, keeping in mind three axes: context project, mapping project, and mapping event. These categories refer to a strategy developed within the methodological framework of the master's thesis "Videomapping en los proyectos del Laboratorio de Visualización Digital Avanzada de la Facultad de Arquitectura Diseno y Urbanismo (Udelar). Caso de estudio: Videomapping Patrimonio Anglo" (Lafluf, 2020) as well as in other investigations to describe the videomapping. Once this set of videomapping projects has been presented, general considerations are made to analyze the surveyed cases.
keywords New Media Art, video mapping, New Media, Architecture, Projection Mapping
series SIGraDi
email
last changed 2024/03/08 14:07

_id sigradi2016_434
id sigradi2016_434
authors Campos, Gisela Belluzzo de; Espíndola, Fábio
year 2016
title Design gráfico-sonoro em projetos interativos em tecnologias livres [Graphic-sound design in interactive projects with free technologies]
source SIGraDi 2016 [Proceedings of the 20th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Argentina, Buenos Aires 9 - 11 November 2016, pp.699-703
summary This article discusses the relationship between sound and image in design projects that use the programming language. The knowledge of these projects bring contributions to the graphic design in an expanded context in which graphic-visual messages are transmitted in different media and environments and hypermedia platform where sound participate actively such as applications for mobile devices, projections on walls, installations in augmented reality, websites and vignettes. Another issue to consider is the possibility of involvement of other players in real time or acting for the co- edition of message.
keywords Graphic design; sound; image; free technologies
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2021/03/28 19:58

_id ascaad2016_045
id ascaad2016_045
authors Dahadreh, Saleem; Rasha Alshami
year 2016
title The Four F's of Architecture - A conceptual framework for understanding architectural works
source Parametricism Vs. Materialism: Evolution of Digital Technologies for Development [8th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-0-9955691-0-2] London (United Kingdom) 7-8 November 2016, pp. 439-450
summary This paper presents a conceptual framework for understanding architectural works. This framework provides an understanding of an architectural building through qualitatively discerning the complexity of issues involved in its design and enabling their systematic integration into a theoretical construct. The premise behind this framework is that in design a better understanding of ‘what’ to design leads to a more informed base to ‘how’ to design. Using a grounded theory method, the paper postulates an ontological framework that recasts the Vitruvian triad of utilitas, venustas, and firmitas into spatial, intellectual, and structural forms respectively, and more importantly expands the triad to include context and architectural thinking as formative ideas, as integral components in any architectural work, thus closing a gap that existed in many frameworks dealing with architecture. The paper concluded that this framework offers a level of robust understanding of architecture that can be used in structuring the generation of architectural form as well as the description and analysis of existing works of architecture. Its value exceeds theory framing and extends towards architectural pedagogy as a theoretical framework in teaching design studio.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2017/05/25 13:33

_id sigradi2021_345
id sigradi2021_345
authors Felipe, Bárbara L. and Nome, Carlos
year 2021
title Digitally Prefabricated Houses: A Comparative Analysis of Executed Projects
source Gomez, P and Braida, F (eds.), Designing Possibilities - Proceedings of the XXV International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2021), Online, 8 - 12 November 2021, pp. 967–980
summary In Brazil, the application of wood in contemporary constructions is concentrated in the south and southeast. However, the entire country has area for cultivation and forest management, which is favorable for expansion in such applications. Wood is capable of absorbing CO2 and consumes little energy in production and manufacturing. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the deficiencies of the building typologies became evident. This research aims to analyze digitally executed prefabricated houses such as Instant House (1), Digitally Fabricated House (2) by Sass, and WikiHouse (3) by Parvin; under the categories of Cardoso (2016): modulation, reversibility, and flexibility. The deductive method was used to investigate assumptions among the three case studies; and grounded in scientific literature to analyze and collect data. In general, the solutions studied enabled customizable systems allied to wood panels, modules, and fittings as generators of architectural form.
keywords casa pré fabricadas digitalmente, fabricaçao digital, design paramétrico, arquitetura paramétrica
series SIGraDi
email
last changed 2022/05/23 12:11

_id ecaade2016_002
id ecaade2016_002
authors Ferreira, Maria da Piedade, Kretzer, Andreas, Duarte, José Pinto, Stricker, Didier, Schenkenberger, Benjamin, Weber, Markus and Toyama, Takumi
year 2016
title De Humani Corporis Fabrica - Fabricating Emotions through Architecture
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2016.1.501
source Herneoja, Aulikki; Toni Österlund and Piia Markkanen (eds.), Complexity & Simplicity - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 22-26 August 2016, pp. 501-507
summary This paper describes an experiment that took place as the last day of the elective course "De Humani Corporis Fabrica - Fabricating Emotions through Architecture". The goal of the Experiment was to evaluate the emotional experience of 1:1 scale architectural settings. The Experiment was part of the research for a PhD thesis which describes the relationship between architecture and the body since Vitruvius until the current theories of embodiment. The referred to thesis proposes the incorporation of the corporeal practices of performance art in the teaching of Architecture and combines these with the use of emotion measurement methodologies in order to evaluate the experience of architectural space and design objects during the design process. Psycho-physiological changes in the body's sensory perception during the performances were evaluated through the combined use of biometric technology (e-health platform), a Presence Questionnaire and a SAM chart. The course was attended by 4 students who participated as subjects in the Experiment. The Experiment had the technical support of the DFKI - Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Künstliche Intelligenz, which provided the machinery necessary to collect the biometric data during the Experiment and the knowledge needed to process them.
wos WOS:000402063700055
keywords Corporeal Architecture; Performance Art; Emotion Measurement; Pedagogy
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

_id caadria2016_819
id caadria2016_819
authors Foulcher, Nicholas C.; Hedda H. Askland and Ning Gu
year 2016
title Disruptions: Impact of Digital Design Technologies on Continuity in Established Design Process Paradigms
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2016.819
source Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016) / Melbourne 30 March–2 April 2016, pp. 819-828
summary This paper aims to provide a critical understanding of the discipline of architectural education, exploring how digital technology forms part of two Australian architecture schools. Generally accepted as the unbroken and consistent existence or operation of something over a period of time, continuity represents stability without interrup- tion. In the context of architectural design education, continuity aligns almost symbiotically with the design process; a system that facilitates a continuous loop of input, output and feedback for the designer— from defining the brief, collecting information, synthesising and pre- senting a design proposal. Preliminary findings of a larger research study that investigates the role of technology in architecture educa- tion, suggest that cultural patterns of technology adoption and valua- tion exist, valorising particular tools and establishing a framework for design teaching and practice that might disrupt the continuity of stu- dents’ design process. Moreover, the study shows evidence of a dis- ruption of continuity in design school narratives, emphasising the need to rethink design pedagogy and the place of technology herein. Reflecting on these observations, this paper explores the question: when the tools of digital technology challenge the established design process paradigm of an architectural school, how do educators re- spond to such a disruption in continuity?
keywords Digital design technology: student learning; course delivery; perception; phenomenology
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

_id ecaade2016_006
id ecaade2016_006
authors Gomaa, Mohamed and Jabi, Wassim
year 2016
title Evaluating Daylighting Analysis of Complex Parametric Facades
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2016.2.147
source Herneoja, Aulikki; Toni Österlund and Piia Markkanen (eds.), Complexity & Simplicity - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 22-26 August 2016, pp. 147-156
summary Lighting analysis tools have proven their ability in helping designers provide functional lighting, increase comfort levels and reduce energy consumption in buildings. Consequently, the number of lighting analysis software is increasing and all are competing to provide credible and rigorous analysis. The rapid adoption of parametric design in architecture, however, has resulted in complex forms that make the evaluation of the accuracy of digital analysis more challenging. This study aims to evaluate and compare the performance of daylighting analysis in two industry standard software (Autodesk Revit and 3ds Max) when analysing the daylighting of complex parametric façade patterns. The study has shown that, generally, both Revit and 3ds Max underestimate illuminance values when compared to physical scaled models. 3ds Max was found to outperform Revit when simulating complex parametric patterns, while Revit was found to outperform 3ds Max when simulating simple fenestration geometries. As a general conclusion, the rapid progress of parametric modelling, integrated with fabrication technologies, has made daylighting analysis of complex geometries more challenging. There is a need for more sophisticated algorithms that can handle the increased level of complexity as well as further verification studies to evaluate the accuracy claims made by software vendors.
wos WOS:000402064400014
keywords Daylighting analysis evaluation; Parametric patterns; Revit; 3ds Max; Complex façades
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

_id sigradi2016_779
id sigradi2016_779
authors Granero, Adriana Edith; Paganini, Ana Livia; Hölzel, Gabriel
year 2016
title Creación asistida por tecnología [Assisted creation by technology]
source SIGraDi 2016 [Proceedings of the 20th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Argentina, Buenos Aires 9 - 11 November 2016, pp.285-289
summary This research explores the integration and use of applications, digital devices and social networks for the creation of architectural design. We propose a teaching model for teaching morphological architectural representation with different models but integrated. On the study will show the sequence of activities linked to the different models and work on them. For activity using social networks of all kinds, the implementation of 3D printing peripherals, the use of own design uses three significant companies are encouraged: Autodesk, Graphisoft & Mc. Neel.
keywords Natural education, interaction, educational innovation, Gamefulness, architectural education, higher education
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2021/03/28 19:58

_id ascaad2016_030
id ascaad2016_030
authors Güler, Büsra; Hülya Yasak
year 2016
title Experimental Geometry - Redefining way of design by human factor
source Parametricism Vs. Materialism: Evolution of Digital Technologies for Development [8th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-0-9955691-0-2] London (United Kingdom) 7-8 November 2016, pp. 275-280
summary Designing by rules and limitations can minimize the variations of design generation. The paradigm demonstrates how design concepts could be formed and produced by humans as an experience. A system, both digitally and physically, built as a spatial environment offers a tool to compare possible design products by people themselves. At the same time, it offers an opportunity to understand the implications of user interface and to compare technologies that further bridge the digital and physical. We also discuss conceptual foundations of the design process, interaction, collaboration, gamification, in an attempt to explore geometry and its potentials.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2017/05/25 13:31

_id architectural_intelligence2023_11
id architectural_intelligence2023_11
authors Hua Chai & Philip F. Yuan
year 2023
title Hybrid intelligence
doi https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s44223-023-00029-w
source Architectural Intelligence Journal
summary Alongside shifts in the technological landscape, the origin of creativity in architectural design has been consistently evolving. According to French philosopher Bernard Stiegler, the architectural design process is never individualistic but rather shaped by the complex interaction between human creativity and what he terms the “pre-individual milieu”, the synthesis of various factors such as cultural heritage, technological innovation (Stiegler, 2016). Over the last three decades, the emergence of digital technologies such as the Internet of Things, virtual reality, and artificial intelligence has significantly enhanced the dynamism and diversity of human–machine communication. With the advancement of digital technologies in the field of architecture, artificial intelligence, machine intelligence, and material intelligence are increasingly integrated into the creative process. In the form of hybrid intelligence, this shift expands the scope of architectural creativity and creative agency beyond the mere intelligent landscape of the human mind. As suggested by architectural theorist Antoine Picon, “another possibility is to consider the pairing of man and machine as a new composite subject……This proposition is suggested by various contemporary reflections on computer technologies and their anthropological dimension” (Picon, 2011).
series Architectural Intelligence
email
last changed 2025/01/09 15:00

_id cf2017_111
id cf2017_111
authors Kepczynska-Walczak, Anetta; Pietrzak, Anna
year 2017
title An Experimental Methodology for Urban Morphology Analysis
source Gülen Çagdas, Mine Özkar, Leman F. Gül and Ethem Gürer (Eds.) Future Trajectories of Computation in Design [17th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2017, Proceedings / ISBN 978-975-561-482-3] Istanbul, Turkey, July 12-14, 2017, p. 111.
summary The paper presents results of a research conducted in 2015 and 2016 at Lodz University of Technology. It proposes a purpose and context fit approach towards the automation of urban data generation based on GIS tools and New Urbanism typologies. First, background studies of methods applied in urban morphology analysis are revealed. Form-Based Code planning, and subsequently Transect-Based Code are taken into account. Then, selected examples from literature are described and discussed. Finally, the research study is presented and the outcomes compared with more traditional methodology.
keywords GIS, Urban morphology, Spatial analysis, Decision support systems, Urban design, Data analytics, Modelling and simulation
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 2017/12/01 14:37

_id cf2017_567
id cf2017_567
authors Kim, Ikhwan; Lee, Injung; Lee, Ji-Hyun
year 2017
title The Expansion of Virtual Landscape in Digital Games: Classification of Virtual Landscapes Through Five principles
source Gülen Çagdas, Mine Özkar, Leman F. Gül and Ethem Gürer (Eds.) Future Trajectories of Computation in Design [17th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2017, Proceedings / ISBN 978-975-561-482-3] Istanbul, Turkey, July 12-14, 2017, pp. 567-584.
summary This research established classification system which contains five principles and variables to classify the types of the virtual landscape in digital games. The principles of the classification are Story, Space Shape, Space and Action Dimension, User Complexity and Interaction Level. With this classification system, our research group found the most representative types of virtual landscape in the digital game market through 1996 to 2016. Although mathematically there can be 288 types of virtual landscape, only 68 types have been used in the game market in recent twenty years. Among the 68 types, we defined 3 types of virtual landscape as the most representative types based on the growth curve and a number of cases. Those three representative types of virtual landscapes are Generating / Face / 3D-3D / Single / Partial, Providing / Chain / 3D-3D / Single / Partial and Providing / Linear / 2D-2D / Single / Partial. With the result, the researchers will be able to establish the virtual landscape design framework for the future research.
keywords Digital Game, Virtual Landscape, Game Design, Game Classification
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 2017/12/01 14:38

_id sigradi2016_367
id sigradi2016_367
authors Lima, Fábio; Furtado, Neander
year 2016
title Babiy Yar: análise do edifício digital, metáfora do holocausto nazista [Babiy Yar: analysis of digital building, metaphor of the Nazi holocaust]
source SIGraDi 2016 [Proceedings of the 20th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Argentina, Buenos Aires 9 - 11 November 2016, pp.681-685
summary The architecture has been greatly expanded in its complexity by the resources of computing. Thus, most intense experiences are achieved through visual metaphors. As a way of understanding digital cases increasingly present in the design of everyday life, this work aims to illustrate an application of the semiotic method of Charles W. Morris: a study on digital design created by Kokkugia Architects, the building Babiy Yar Memorial. A syntactic analysis of the digital process (presenting the concepts and key elements within the process) is performed; the understanding of that expression in the semantic context and, finally, their contextual pragmatic aspects.
keywords Digital Architecture, Kokkugia, Semiotics, Analysis
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2021/03/28 19:58

_id sigradi2016_369
id sigradi2016_369
authors Lima, Fábio; Furtado, Neander
year 2016
title As estratégias dos projetos digitais de Tom Wiscombe [The strategies of digital projects of Tom Wiscombe]
source SIGraDi 2016 [Proceedings of the 20th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Argentina, Buenos Aires 9 - 11 November 2016, pp.453-458
summary Tom Wiscombe works have unique characteristics of inventiveness, producing intricate arrangements and complex tectonics. This research aims to find the main development strategies of the projects, their different approaches. Arguably contribute to current issues, questioning certain solutions and creating conditions to realize as a part of contemporary production using the machine as an essential part of the design.
keywords Design strategy; Digital model; Digital architecture; Architectural expression
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2021/03/28 19:58

_id caadria2016_809
id caadria2016_809
authors Nakapan, Walaiporn
year 2016
title Using the SAMR Model to transform mobile learning in a History of Art and Architecture Classroom
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2016.809
source Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016) / Melbourne 30 March–2 April 2016, pp. 809-818
summary This paper presents the progress of a pilot classroom, which uses mobile devices to enhance instructor-student classroom interac- tions and students’ learning of the History of Art and Architecture. The main objective of this research was to find a way of improving classroom activities, for the coming year, by making the best possible use of technology to enable students to learn more successfully and improve their understanding of the lesson content. In this paper, class- room activities during 2014 and 2015 are analysed using the SAMR Model coupled with Bloom’s revised taxonomy and the EdTech Quin- tet Model. In addition, a plan for the redesign and improvement of ac- tivities in 2016 is proposed, the effectiveness of the SAMR model at improving in class activities is discussed and a perspective on how to develop the classroom using the “SAMR ladder” is included. The re- sults show that in 2015, 25% of the students in the class achieved an A grade, and less than 5% were graded F compared to 26% in 2012.
keywords Design education; mobile-based learning; History of Art and Architecture; SAMR model
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59

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