Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ecaade2010_043
id	ecaade2010_043
authors	Meyboom, AnnaLisa; Wojtowicz, Jerzy
year	2010
title	Urban Infrastructure & Architectronics
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2010.133
source	FUTURE CITIES [28th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-9-6] ETH Zurich (Switzerland) 15-18 September 2010, pp.133-141
summary	The future of urban infrastructure is no doubt a future of control systems. An architecture that engages infrastructure can engage control systems to not only improve efficiency and mediate contested urban space but also to modifying spaces for different uses, buffer environmental factors and respond to occupation or use. The use of mechatronics in architecture requires interdisciplinary collaboration and an understanding of control systems, sensors and actuators. Through a theoretical project, research and a design studio, this paper discusses the future of mechatronics in architecture and shows the huge potential for reimagining our infrastructure. The application to the infrastructural realm pushes the design out of the scope of conventional architecture both in the use of mechatronics and its application to the larger realm of the city.
wos	WOS:000340629400014
keywords	Mechatronics; Infrastructure; Architecture; Control systems; Robotics
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	1447
authors	Meyer, B.
year	1988
title	Object Oriented Software Construction
source	Prentice-Hall, Englewood-Cliff NJ
summary	Object-Oriented Software Construction, second edition is the comprehensive reference on all aspects of object technology, from design principles to O-O techniques, Design by Contract, O-O analysis, concurrency, persistence, abstract data types and many more. Written by a pioneer in the field, contains an in-depth analysis of both methodological and technical issues.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	cf2015_447
id	cf2015_447
authors	Meyer, J.; Duchanois, G. and Bignon, J.C.
year	2015
title	Analysis and validation of the digital chain relating to architectural design process: Achievement of a folded structure composed of wood panels
source	The next city - New technologies and the future of the built environment [16th International Conference CAAD Futures 2015. Sao Paulo, July 8-10, 2015. Electronic Proceedings/ ISBN 978-85-85783-53-2] Sao Paulo, Brazil, July 8-10, 2015, pp. 447-459.
summary	The research presented in this paper revolves around the experimental development of the morpho-structural potential of folded architectural structures made of wood. The aims are to develop an innovative system for timber used in sustainable construction and to increase the inventory of wood architectural tectonics. First, this article provides a characterization of the digital chain associated to the development of non-standard folded structures consisting of wood panels. The purpose is to study the architectural design process from parametric modeling (through CNC machining) and assembly operations to production by way of a full-scale experimental pavilion. Secondly, a number of analytical experiments have been performed towards the completion of the pavilion, in order to validate the design process.
keywords	Architecture, folded structure, robotic fabrication, computational design, parametric modeling, wood panels
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2015/06/29 07:55

_id	caadria2015_064
id	caadria2015_064
authors	Meyer, J.; G. Duchanois, J-C. Bignon and A. Bouali
year	2015
title	Computer Design and Digital Manufacturing of Folded Architectural Structures Composed of Wood Panels
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2015.641
source	Emerging Experience in Past, Present and Future of Digital Architecture, Proceedings of the 20th International Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2015) / Daegu 20-22 May 2015, pp. 641-650
summary	The research presented in this paper revolves around the experimental development of the morpho-structural potential of folded architectural structures made of wood. The aims are to develop an innovative system for timber used in sustainable construction and to increase the inventory of wood architectural tectonics. Laminated timber panels associated with "digital production line" approach have opened up new perspectives for the building industry in creating prefabricated wooden structures. This article provides a characterization of the digital chain associated to the development of non-standard folded structures which consist of wood panels by way of a full-scale experimental pavilion. The purpose is the study of architectural design process from parametric modeling (through CNC machining) and assembly operations to production. Towards the completion of the pavilion, a number of analytical experiments have been performed.
keywords	Architecture, folded structure, robotic fabrication, computational design, parametric modeling, wood panels.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ecaade2024_264
id	ecaade2024_264
authors	Meyer, Joost; Garrido, Federico; Martarello, Ana; Hömberg, Christina
year	2024
title	Opportunities for a sustainable future: Testing the biocompatibility of new materials for large scale additive manufacturing
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2024.1.245
source	Kontovourkis, O, Phocas, MC and Wurzer, G (eds.), Data-Driven Intelligence - Proceedings of the 42nd Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2024), Nicosia, 11-13 September 2024, Volume 1, pp. 245–254
summary	This paper is about recycling, reuse, composting and degradation of natural 3D-printing materials based on waste from the wood industry. Wood is an abundant organic material used in the construction industry that generates significant waste during its manufacturing process. Liquid Deposition Modelling (LDM) offers a flexible and energy-efficient additive manufacturing method for paste-like materials made from these same waste materials. Due to the inherent properties of its components, the resulting material is sustainable and complies with the principles of the circular economy. The potential impact of this emerging and scarcely investigated technological opportunity on the construction industry could be immense. The sustainable properties can lead to a turning point in the carbon-conscious design in architecture. For this reason, a young team of researchers, supported by architectural students in their Masters, designed experimental set-ups, methods and evaluation criteria focusing on aspects of ecology.
keywords	biogenic materials, additive manufacturing, 3d printed architecture, circularity, liquid deposition modelling, zero waste, up-cycling, wood waste recycling
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/11/17 22:05

_id	4c52
authors	Meyer, Steven and Fenves, Steven J.
year	1993
title	Adjacency Structures as Mappings Between Function and Structure in Discrete Static Systems
source	CAAD Futures ‘93 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-444-89922-7] (Pittsburgh / USA), 1993, pp. 175-193
summary	We present a graph-based method for mapping between functional requirements and physical structure in discrete static systems. Through forward or backward chaining, this method may be used in a generative mode to suggest instances Of system structure satisfying the desired functionality, or in a parsing mode to uncover the behavior and function of a given system. The graph may be composed from a geometric model, but the method is independent of any specific geometric modelling representation. We focus on the domain of structural systems in buildings to describe this method.
keywords	Computer-Aided Structural Design, Geometric Modelling
series	CAAD Futures
last changed	1999/04/07 12:03

_id	ecaade2024_168
id	ecaade2024_168
authors	Meyuhas, Ohad Yaacov; Larianovsky, Pavel; Natanian, Jonathan; Sprecher, Aaron
year	2024
title	Thermal and structural performance of cork-cement composite for Additive Manufacturing (AM)
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2024.1.265
source	Kontovourkis, O, Phocas, MC and Wurzer, G (eds.), Data-Driven Intelligence - Proceedings of the 42nd Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2024), Nicosia, 11-13 September 2024, Volume 1, pp. 265–272
summary	This study explores the potential of cork-cement composites for structural and thermal performance in architecture through additive manufacturing (AM) technology. By optimizing the composite for 3D printing, the research demonstrates the unique applicability of this composite for large-scale architectural projects, particularly for building envelope elements. Employing a robotic 3D printing process, masonry blocks were manufactured and evaluated for structural performance and thermal efficiency. The results of this study demonstrate the practicality of using cement-cork composite in AM architectural envelopes. In addition, the results show that 3D-printed cork-cement composite elements outperform traditional masonry blocks. Ultimately, this study paves the way for future 3D printing of architectural elements with functionally graded structural and thermal performance.
keywords	Additive Manufacturing, Architectural Robotics, Thermal Performance, Structural Performance, Cork, Cementitious Material
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/11/17 22:05

_id	caadria2006_331
id	caadria2006_331
authors	MI YUN KIM, JIN WON CHOI
year	2006
title	A DEVELOPING DIGITAL STORYTELLING MODEL FOR VIRTUAL TEST-BED TO SIMULATE THE SMART OFFICE
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2006.x.v8e
source	CAADRIA 2006 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Kumamoto (Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, 331-340
summary	As ubiquitous technology is introduced to the future environment, it is expected to have more convenient and comfortable environment and increase the spatial efficiency with virtual displays available in a limited space. Surrounded by such environment, the smart space can make an improved future place by using all user information input within the systems beneficially to both its user and manager. For its design, it is required that a scenario should be built on the ubiquitous environment with new technologies. In this study, we develop a digital storytelling model based on the study of scenario design and apply it to our virtual test-bed system called “V-PlaceLab”.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	caadria2005_b_5c_e
id	caadria2005_b_5c_e
authors	Mi-Yun Kim, Jin-Won Choi
year	2005
title	The Design Factors for Smart Shops with the Ubiquitous Technology
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2005.388
source	CAADRIA 2005 [Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] New Delhi (India) 28-30 April 2005, vol. 2, pp. 388-395
summary	As space has become gradually intelligent because of the innovation of ubiquitous technology, the space itself is becoming one huge interface media, and the way digital technology intervenes in space design comes to be various. An intelligent space means that physical substances interact with their users as well as the inernal components beyond the concept of materials. However, current researches and developments in the relationship between the technology and spaces have not been immensely done. This paper renders the space applications including architertural factors, environmental factors and user behaviours in commercial areas. We also study how the future commercial spaces in ubiquitous computing environment will interact with space design. Finally the methods for developing “Smart Shop Models” are discussed.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	eaea2015_t1_paper07
id	eaea2015_t1_paper07
authors	Miano, Pasquale; Aquilar, Giorgia
year	2015
title	Identity and Image of Productive Spaces in the Process of Reuse
source	ENVISIONING ARCHITECTURE: IMAGE, PERCEPTION AND COMMUNICATION OF HERITAGE [ISBN 978-83-7283-681-6],Lodz University of Technology, 23-26 September 2015, pp.82-91
summary	In the transformation of industrial ruins – machine-buildings belonging to a relatively recent past – the dichotomous processes of change and preservation allow to reinterpret the design action as the intrusion of a new life. In the projects for the reuse and recycling of productive heritage, the delicate balance between the safeguard of the identity and the updating of the image to the changing contemporary needs may be declined through the notions of novelty and originality in architecture. The concept of originality – meant as an original re-reading of the pre-existences – can produce novelty as a new spatial interpretation, capable of generating an authentic innovation even just through limited interventions. Two projects of transformation for productive buildings – both partly realized – may act as research media to describe this transition: ever since the first life of these buildings has been unequivocally concluded, their ruins have become an integral part of the landscape, standing in a state of waiting and calling for projects able to insufflate a second life within them.
keywords	industrial ruins; productive heritage landscapes; recycling strategies
series	EAEA
email
last changed	2016/04/22 11:52

_id	caadria2024_364
id	caadria2024_364
authors	Miao, Shuhan, Peng, Wenzhe, Tsai, Daniel and Nagakura, Takehiko
year	2024
title	Deep Spatial Memory: Quantifying Architectural Spatial Experiences through Agent-driven Simulations and Deep Learning
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2024.1.109
source	Nicole Gardner, Christiane M. Herr, Likai Wang, Hirano Toshiki, Sumbul Ahmad Khan (eds.), ACCELERATED DESIGN - Proceedings of the 29th CAADRIA Conference, Singapore, 20-26 April 2024, Volume 1, pp. 109–118
summary	In architectural theory, the spatial experience is dynamic, evolving from sequences of interconnected views shaped by past encounters and future expectations. Traditional computational methods such as Isovists provide geometric insights but fall short in representing their sequential nature. To address this gap, the paper introduces a novel methodology that combines agent-driven simulation, 3D Isovist sampling, and deep learning for quantitative analysis and comparison of spatial experiences in architecture. This approach leverages the Grasshopper plugin Pedsim for simulating pedestrian paths and a self-supervised video representation learning model MemDPC for processing depth panorama sequences and extracting numerical features for each sequence. The methodology is first validated through a controlled experiment with various sequence typologies, affirming its efficacy in recognizing typological similarities. A case study is conducted comparing Louis Kahn's designs with Roman architecture, quantitatively analysing their intertwined spatial experiences. This research offers a framework for quantitatively comparing spatial experiences across buildings and interpreting the nuanced impact of historical references on modern spaces.
keywords	Deep Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Spatial Experience, Isovist, Agent-driven Simulation, Self-Supervised Learning
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2024/11/17 22:05

_id	ijac201816304
id	ijac201816304
authors	Miao, Yufan; Reinhard Koenig, Katja Knecht, Kateryna Konieva, Peter Buš and Mei-Chih Chang
year	2018
title	Computational urban design prototyping: Interactive planning synthesis methods—a case study in Cape Town
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 16 - no. 3, 212-226
summary	This article is motivated by the fact that in Cape Town, South Africa, approximately 7.5 million people live in informal settlements and focuses on potential upgrading strategies for such sites. To this end, we developed a computational method for rapid urban design prototyping. The corresponding planning tool generates urban layouts including street network, blocks, parcels and buildings based on an urban designer’s specific requirements. It can be used to scale and replicate a developed urban planning concept to fit different sites. To facilitate the layout generation process computationally, we developed a new data structure to represent street networks, land parcellation, and the relationship between the two. We also introduced a nested parcellation strategy to reduce the number of irregular shapes generated due to algorithmic limitations. Network analysis methods are applied to control the distribution of buildings in the communities so that preferred neighborhood relationships can be considered in the design process. Finally, we demonstrate how to compare designs based on various urban analysis measures and discuss the limitations that arise when we apply our method in practice, especially when dealing with more complex urban design scenarios.
keywords	Procedural modeling, spatial synthesis, generative design, urban planning
series	journal
email
last changed	2019/08/07 14:03

_id	caadria2006_629
id	caadria2006_629
authors	MICHAEL A. AMBROSE
year	2006
title	VERTICALITY AND HORIZONTALITY. FROM THE PANTHEON TO THE PLAYSTATION, SPATIAL EXPERIENCE AND THE HUMAN BODY IN ARCHITECTURE
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2006.x.w3q
source	CAADRIA 2006 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Kumamoto (Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, 629-631
summary	This research seeks to question the assumed relationship between perspectival projection and architecture as means of investigation, representation and ultimately re-presentation of architectural idea and spatial experience. Spatial experience is primarily a product of corporeal sensation. The human body, as the site of experience reveals a conceptual contradiction between our innate senses and learned perceptions (Gibson, 1966). Verticality and horizontality are abstract conceptual and perceptual constructs used simultaneously in human sensory systems to locate one in space and time. The spatial experience as generated from, and translated by, the human body through visual sensory perception is the focus of the work that looks at first, second and third person spatial experience in architecture and architectural representation. As society continues on the path of further cybernetic extension of the body’s sense-image, the context and spatial/visual literacy of the ‘learned’ sense of space-time will continue to evolve, transform and alter as cultures stretch to engage both edges of the physical and virtual worlds. Vitruvius articulated the human experience (and the subsequent expression of architecture) as inherently a vertical one.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	ddss2006-hb-167
id	DDSS2006-HB-167
authors	Michael Balmer and Kai Nagel
year	2006
title	Shape Morphing of Intersection Layouts Using Curb Side Oriented Driver Simulation
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) 2006, Innovations in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Springer, ISBN-10: 1-4020-5059-3, ISBN-13: 978-1-4020-5059-6, p. 167-183
summary	In a traffic network, capacities of parts of the network restrict the amount of transport that can be handled by this network. The capacity of a given traffic network element is not fixed, but influenced by parameters such as number of lanes, maximum speed, weather, view horizon, and so on. These parameters also define the maximum capacity of complicated intersections. Special shapes of intersections, particularly in urban regions, may further increase or decrease their capacity. This paper investigates an evolutionary algorithm to automatically improve the geometrical layout of parts of an urban network according to externally specified criteria. The paper consists of two main parts. In the first part, a simulation model is described which is able to produce realistically behaving vehicles only by using information about the curb side locations of the roads. This avoids the need to use lane connectivity, signal plans, etc. - which are details that would change during a change of the intersection layout. In the second part of the paper, the simulation changes the road and intersection layouts based on the behaviour of the vehicles. Using a feedback loop allows one to optimize the capacity of the modelled road system while its spatial extents are minimized. As a case study, a special roundabout is examined: 'Central' in downtown Zurich, Switzerland. The particularity of this roundabout is that it partially behaves like a roundabout but also contains two uncontrolled intersections. Due to its central position in the city, the roundabout is very busy with both individual cars and public transport vehicles.
keywords	Agent simulation method, Intersection layout, Evolutionary algorithm
series	DDSS
last changed	2006/08/29 12:55

_id	avocaad_2003_11
id	avocaad_2003_11
authors	Michael Cumming
year	2003
title	The promise of peer-to-peer computing versus the utility of centralised data models in collaborative design
source	LOCAL VALUES in a NETWORKED DESIGN WORLD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Stellingwerff, Martijn and Verbeke, Johan (Eds.), (2004) DUP Science - Delft University Press, ISBN 90-407-2507-1.
summary	Peer-to-peer (P2P), or distributed computing, involves having computers on a net¬work -peers- acting as both suppliers, as well as consumers of information. With recent developments, most notably the JXTA initiative by Sun Microsystems, such P2P technology will soon become quite easy to implement, in a standardised and secure fashion. P2P technology holds promise in the domain of collaborative design in that it allows design collaborators to exchange information in a manner that appears to have certain advantages over centralised systems, such as greater spontaneity, the ability to self-organize, better scalability, and the ability to handle transient resources in a more robust manner. However, it is not clear how this new technology can be applied to the information needs of collaborative design, in which centralised data models are usually seen as useful. This paper examines some of the positive and negative implications of this new technology in the context of collaborative design.
keywords	Architecture, Local values, Globalisation, Computer Aided Architectural Design
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2006/01/16 21:38

_id	avocaad_2003_12
id	avocaad_2003_12
authors	Michael Cumming
year	2003
title	Statements for the conference workshop
source	LOCAL VALUES in a NETWORKED DESIGN WORLD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Stellingwerff, Martijn and Verbeke, Johan (Eds.), (2004) DUP Science - Delft University Press, ISBN 90-407-2507-1.
summary	no summary available
keywords	Architecture, Local values, Globalisation, Computer Aided Architectural Design
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2006/01/16 21:38

_id	lasg_whitepapers_2016_246
id	lasg_whitepapers_2016_246
authors	Michael O’rourke & Stephanie Vasko
year	2016
title	Toolbox Dialogue Initiative
source	Living Architecture Systems Group White Papers 2016 [ISBN 978-1-988366-10-4 (EPUB)] Riverside Architectural Press 2016: Toronto, Canada pp. 246 - 249
summary	Living Architecture Systems Group "White Papers 2016" is a dossier produced for the occasion of the Living Architecture Systems Group launch event and symposium hosted on November 4 and 5 at the Sterling Road Studio in Toronto and the University of Waterloo School of Architecture at Cambridge. The "White Papers 2016" presents research contributions from the LASG partners, forming an overview of the partnership and highlighting oppportunities for future collaborations.
keywords	design, dissipative methods, design methods, synthetic cognition, neuroscience, metabolism, STEAM, organicism, field work, responsive systems, space, visualizations, sensors, actuators, signal flows, art and technology, new media art, digital art, emerging technologies, citizen building, bioinspiration, performance, paradigms, artificial nature, virtual design, regenerative design, 4DSOUND, spatial sound, biomanufacturing, eskin, delueze, bees, robotics
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:02

_id	lasg_whitepapers_2016_300
id	lasg_whitepapers_2016_300
authors	Michael Stacey
year	2016
title	Bees are Sentinels of the Earth
source	Living Architecture Systems Group White Papers 2016 [ISBN 978-1-988366-10-4 (EPUB)] Riverside Architectural Press 2016: Toronto, Canada pp. 300 - 313
summary	Living Architecture Systems Group "White Papers 2016" is a dossier produced for the occasion of the Living Architecture Systems Group launch event and symposium hosted on November 4 and 5 at the Sterling Road Studio in Toronto and the University of Waterloo School of Architecture at Cambridge. The "White Papers 2016" presents research contributions from the LASG partners, forming an overview of the partnership and highlighting oppportunities for future collaborations.
keywords	design, dissipative methods, design methods, synthetic cognition, neuroscience, metabolism, STEAM, organicism, field work, responsive systems, space, visualizations, sensors, actuators, signal flows, art and technology, new media art, digital art, emerging technologies, citizen building, bioinspiration, performance, paradigms, artificial nature, virtual design, regenerative design, 4DSOUND, spatial sound, biomanufacturing, eskin, delueze, bees, robotics
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:02

_id	architectural_intelligence2024_4
id	architectural_intelligence2024_4
authors	Michal Sourek
year	2024
title	AI in architecture and engineering from misconceptions to game-changing prospects
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s44223-023-00046-9
source	Architectural Intelligence Journal
summary	Artificial intelligence invades our lives and professions at an ever-increasing pace and intensity. Architecture, engineering, construction, and operation of the real estate have been joining the trend only timidly and belatedly. The paper overviews the basic concepts, methods, general background, and results of artificial intelligence in architecture to date, discusses the achievements and prospects, and concludes the perspectives on the deployment of machine learning in the field. The record of some of the most recent “famous achievements” in the field is set straight and challenged, the flawed idea of a (truly) creative potential of the technology is debunked. Its roots equidistributed both in a farsighted vision of the next workflow of both productive and creative architectural and engineering designing, and construction and real estate management on the one hand and state-of-the-art machine learning on the other, an ambitious though realistic blueprint for R&D of AI-fostered architectural creativity, building design, planning, and operation is tabled for discussion. The attention turns to open-source patterns platforms, generative patterns processing, generative pre-design, parametric evaluation and optimization, latest achievements in machine learning building on reinforcement learning, imitation-based learning, learning a behavior policy from demonstration, and self-learning paradigms zooming in on the design-development processes instead of only on their results. Leveraging the objectivity of assessments and streamlining workflows, artificial intelligence promises to unleash true architectural creativity and leverage the productivity and efficiency of the design, planning, and operation processes.
series	Architectural Intelligence
email
last changed	2025/01/09 15:03

_id	ecaade2016_203
id	ecaade2016_203
authors	Michalatos, Panagiotis and Payne, Andrew
year	2016
title	Monolith: The Biomedical Paradigm and the Inner Complexity of Hierarchical Material Design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2016.1.445
source	Herneoja, Aulikki; Toni Österlund and Piia Markkanen (eds.), Complexity & Simplicity - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 22-26 August 2016, pp. 445-454
summary	This paper discusses our ongoing research into hierarchical volumetric modeling and the external forces which are motivating a shift from the traditional boundary representation (also known as BREP) that has thus far dominated design software toward a more flexible voxel-based representation capable of describing complex variable material distributions. We present Monolith; a volumetric modelling application which explores hybrid forms of digital representations and new design workflows that extend a designer's ability to describe the material properties of a 3d model at the mesoscopic and even microscopic scales. We discuss the inherent complexities in volumetric modelling and describe the design opportunities which heretofore were unavailable using existing techniques.
wos	WOS:000402063700049
keywords	hierarchical materials; multi-material 3d printing; voxels
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

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