Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Reformat results as: short short into frame detailed detailed into frame

_id	ijac201715402
id	ijac201715402
authors	Alaçam, Sema; Orkan Zeynel Güzelci, Ethem Gürer and Saadet Zeynep Bac?noglu
year	2017
title	Reconnoitring computational potentials of the vault-like forms: Thinking aloud on muqarnas tectonics
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 15 - no. 4, 285-303
summary	This study sheds light on a holistic understanding of muqarnas with its historical, philosophical and conceptual backgrounds on one hand and formal, structural and algorithmic principles on the other hand. The vault-like Islamic architectural element, muqarnas, is generally considered to be a non-structural decorative element. Various compositional approaches have been proposed to reveal the inner logic of these complex geometric elements. Each of these approaches uses different techniques such as measuring, unit-based decoding or three-dimensional interpretation of two-dimensional patterns. However, the reflections of the inner logic onto different contexts, such as the usage of different initial geometries, materials or performative concerns, were neglected. In this study, we offer a new schema to approach the performative aspects of muqarnas tectonics. This schema contains new sets of elements, properties and relations deriving partly from previous approaches and partly from the technique of folding. Thus, this study first reviews the previous approaches to analyse the geometric and constructional principles of muqarnas. Second, it explains the proposed scheme through a series of algorithmic form-finding experiments. In these experiments, we question whether ‘fold’, as one of the performative techniques of making three-dimensional forms, contributes to the analysis of muqarnas in both a conceptual and computational sense. We argue that encoding vault-like systems via geometric and algorithmic relations based on the logic of the ‘fold’ provides informative and intuitive feedback for form-finding, specifically in the earlier phases of design. While focusing on the performative potential of a specific fold operation, we introduced the concept of bifurcation to describe the generative characteristics of folding technique and the way of subdividing the form with respect to redistribution of the forces. Thus, in this decoding process, the bifurcated fold explains not only to demystify the formal logic of muqarnas but also to generate new forms without losing contextual conditions.
keywords	Muqarnas, vault, layering, folding, force flow, bifurcation
series	journal
email
last changed	2019/08/07 14:03

_id	cf2017_249
id	cf2017_249
authors	Agirbas, Asli
year	2017
title	Teaching Design by Coding in Architecture Undergraduate Education: A Case Study with Islamic Patterns
source	Gülen Çagdas, Mine Özkar, Leman F. Gül and Ethem Gürer (Eds.) Future Trajectories of Computation in Design [17th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2017, Proceedings / ISBN 978-975-561-482-3] Istanbul, Turkey, July 12-14, 2017, pp. 249-258.
summary	Computer-aided design has found its role in the undergraduate education of architects, and presently design by coding is also gradually finding further prominence in accord with the increasing demand by students who wish to learn more about this topic. This subject is included in an integrated manner in some studio courses on architecture design in some schools, or it is taught separately in elsewhere. In terms of the separate course on coding, the principal difficulty is that actual applications of the method can rarely be included due to time limitations and the fact that it is conducted separately from the studio course on architecture. However, within the framework of the architectural education, in order to learn about the coding it is necessary to consider it along with the design process, and this versatile thinking can only be achieved by the application of the design. In this study, an elective undergraduate course is considered in the context of design and to yield a versatile thinking strategy while learning the language of visual programming. The course progressed under the theoretical framework of shape grammar from the design stage through to the digital fabrication process, and the experimental studies were carried out on the selected topic of Islamic pattern. A method was proposed to improve the productivity of such courses, and an evaluation of the results is presented.
keywords	Islamic Patterns, Shape Grammars, Architectural Education, Parametric Design, CAAD.
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2017/12/01 14:38

_id	ecaade2017_057
id	ecaade2017_057
authors	Al-Qattan, Emad, Yan, Wei and Galanter, Philip
year	2017
title	Tangible Computing for Establishing Generative Algorithms - A Case Study with Cellular Automata
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2017.1.347
source	Fioravanti, A, Cursi, S, Elahmar, S, Gargaro, S, Loffreda, G, Novembri, G, Trento, A (eds.), ShoCK! - Sharing Computational Knowledge! - Proceedings of the 35th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, 20-22 September 2017, pp. 347-354
summary	The work presented in this paper investigates the potential of tangible interaction to setup algorithmic rules for creating computational models. The research proposes a workflow that allows designers to create complex geometric patterns through their physical interaction with design objects. The method aims to address the challenges of designers implementing algorithms for computational modeling. The experiments included in this work are prototype-based, which link a digital environment with an artifact - the physical representation of a digital model that is integrated with a Physical Computing System. The digital-physical workflow is tested through enabling users to physically setup the rules of a Cellular Automata algorithm. The experiments demonstrate the possibility of utilizing tangible interaction to setup the initial cell state and the rules of a CA algorithm to generate complex geometric patterns.
keywords	Physical Computing; Tangible User-Interface; Cellular Automata
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2017_248
id	ecaade2017_248
authors	Liapi, Katherine, Papantoniou, Andreana and Nousias, Chrysostomos
year	2017
title	Square tessellation patterns on curved surfaces:In search of a parametric design method
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2017.2.371
source	Fioravanti, A, Cursi, S, Elahmar, S, Gargaro, S, Loffreda, G, Novembri, G, Trento, A (eds.), ShoCK! - Sharing Computational Knowledge! - Proceedings of the 35th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, 20-22 September 2017, pp. 371-378
summary	Methods for Tessellating a flat surface with regular or semi-regular patterns of polygons have already been addressed in literature and can be easily parameterized. For the tessellation of curved surfaces using patterns of one or more regular polygons there is not a uniquely defined approach to the problem within the context of architectural research and applications. This paper is focused on the tessellation of curved surfaces with square tiles, where the tessellation pattern consists of four squares with partly overlapping sides. In this study double curvature surfaces were considered first, and subsequently surfaces of more complex geometry such as minimal surfaces. Specifically, a method for the square tessellation of two types of doubly curved surfaces, the spherical and the ellipsoidal, is discussed and presented in the paper. In addition, the square tessellation of two types of minimal surfaces, the catenoid and the helicoid, have also been examined and presented. For each one of the surfaces that have been considered, an algorithm that generates the distribution of the planar square surfaces on the surface and renders possible the parametric description of the problem, was developed and presented in the paper. A discussion on boundary conditions for each developed method is also included. The Grasshopper visual programming language has been used for the parametric description and display of the results in a graphic environment. The research discussed in this paper can find application in several real world problems including surface paneling, or space packing of polyhedral structural units on a curved surface.
keywords	square tessellation, curved surface tiling, ellipsoid tessellation, minimal surfaces tessellation, geometric appxoximation methods
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	caadria2017_072
id	caadria2017_072
authors	Nakapan, Walaiporn, Ku, Yee Kee and Pattanasirimongkol, Apiwat
year	2017
title	The Mathematical Logic Behind Lai Thai - A Geometric and Parametric Analysis of the Traditional Thai Pattern, Kanok Sam Tua
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2017.241
source	P. Janssen, P. Loh, A. Raonic, M. A. Schnabel (eds.), Protocols, Flows, and Glitches - Proceedings of the 22nd CAADRIA Conference, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China, 5-8 April 2017, pp. 241-250
summary	This paper investigates Lai Thai, a traditional Thai pattern whose grid structure and frame pattern have been clearly defined, in textbooks, as being created by freehand drawing. There are similarities between Lai Thai and patterns that are referred to as Look Thai. In this paper, one reference that Thai artisans follow: the "Kanok Sam Tua" pattern is analysed. Geometric analysis for the external frame and parametric analysis for the interior frame were used to unveil the underlying mathematical logic of the traditional Thai pattern Kanok Sam Tua, which is created from two triangles, and a circle. The results show that the exterior frame of the pattern follows three main rules related to (1) Proportion, (2) Point, and (3) Direction. This research also demonstrates that Lai Thai can be investigated using geometric and parametric analysis. In addition, it reveals that there is stochastic mathematical logic hidden behind the metaphorical Thai lotus bud design.
keywords	Thai pattern; Mathematical logic; Visual algorithm; Generative art and architecture
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	ecaade2021_106
id	ecaade2021_106
authors	Agirbas, Asli and Basogul, Elif Feyza
year	2021
title	Structural Performance of Reciprocal Structures formed by using Islamic Geometrical Patterns
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.391
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 391-400
summary	Many Islamic geometric patterns consist of stripes which are recognizable in the two dimensional patterns. These stripes systematically pass over or under each other, thus they create a tessellation. This system has the same principle with reciprocal frame structures. Considering this situation, in this study, it is aimed to lift the two dimensional Islamic geometric patterns to the third dimension with the principle of reciprocal frame structures. A selected Islamic geometric pattern has been lifted to the third dimension in the reciprocal structure principle, and structural analyzes have been performed.
keywords	Reciprocal frame structures; Islamic geometric patterns; Structural analysis
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ijac201816103
id	ijac201816103
authors	Alani, Mostafa W.
year	2018
title	Algorithmic investigation of the actual and virtual design space of historic hexagonal-based Islamic patterns
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 16 - no. 1, 34-57
summary	This research challenges the long-standing paradigm that considers compositional analysis to be the key to researching historical Islamic geometric patterns. Adopting a mathematical description shows that the historical focus on existing forms has left the relevant structural similarities between historical Islamic geometric patterns understudied. The research focused on the hexagonal-based Islamic geometric patterns and found that historical designs correlate to each other beyond just the formal dimension and that deep, morphological connections exist in the structures of historical singularities. Using historical evidence, this article identifies these connections and presents a categorization system that groups designs together based on their “morphogenetic” characteristics.
keywords	Islamic geometric patterns, morphology, computations, digital design, algorithmic thinking
series	journal
email
last changed	2019/08/07 14:03

_id	caadria2015_111
id	caadria2015_111
authors	Alani, Mostafa W. and Carlos R. Barrios
year	2015
title	A Parametric Description for Metamorphosis of Islamic Geometric Patterns
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2015.593
source	Emerging Experience in Past, Present and Future of Digital Architecture, Proceedings of the 20th International Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2015) / Daegu 20-22 May 2015, pp. 593-602
summary	This paper presents a parametric approach toward studying the characteristics of the Islamic geometric patterns (IGP). The presented computational system utilizes a parametric description of the geometry to initiate the process of metamorphosis exploration and to document the generated variations. The study found that changing the parameters in the description produces new variations that have a wide range of qualitative and quantitative properties; some match exactly the properties of traditionally existed geometries.
keywords	Parametric Design; Metamorphosis; shape-code; key-shape; Islamic Geometric Pattern.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ascaad2016_011
id	ascaad2016_011
authors	Alani, Mostafa W.
year	2016
title	Morphological Code of Historical Geometric Patterns - The Digital Age of Islamic Architecture
source	Parametricism Vs. Materialism: Evolution of Digital Technologies for Development [8th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-0-9955691-0-2] London (United Kingdom) 7-8 November 2016, pp. 85-94
summary	This study intervenes in the long-standing paradigm that considers compositional analysis as the key to researching the Islamic Geometric Patterns (IGP). The research argues that the compositional analysis of the geometry is not solely sufficient to investigate the design characteristics of the IGP, and the better way of achieving this emerges through a consideration of the design formalism.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2017/05/25 13:13

_id	ascaad2022_014
id	ascaad2022_014
authors	Alani, Mostafa; Alacam, Sema
year	2022
title	Beyond Flat Surfaces: Parametric Derivations of Historical Islamic Geometric Designs
source	Hybrid Spaces of the Metaverse - Architecture in the Age of the Metaverse: Opportunities and Potentials [10th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings] Debbieh (Lebanon) [Virtual Conference] 12-13 October 2022, pp. 451-462
summary	This paper sets out to identify a guiding methodology and define algorithms to extend the existence of Islamic geometric designs beyond flat surfaces. The paper discusses two computational approaches to deriving various non-flat geometric compositions: Euclidean Point Extrusion and Curved Surface Fitting. The paper examines historical precedents, conducts an in-depth analysis of patterns employed to generate those elements, then establishes a computational process to explore the potential of translating 2D Islamic Geometric Designs into 3D non-flat surfaces.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2024/02/16 13:24

_id	ascaad2021_093
id	ascaad2021_093
authors	Alani, Mostafa; Bilal Al-Kaseem
year	2021
title	Fill in the Blanks: Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks to Investigate the Virtual Design Space of Historical Islamic Patterns
source	Abdelmohsen, S, El-Khouly, T, Mallasi, Z and Bennadji, A (eds.), Architecture in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: Transformations and Challenges [9th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-1-907349-20-1] Cairo (Egypt) [Virtual Conference] 2-4 March 2021, pp. 614-621
summary	This paper presents a method to explore the virtual design space of historical Islamic Geometric Patterns (IGP). The introduced approach utilizes Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Network (DCGAN) to learn from historically existing hexagonal-based IGP to synthesis novel, authentically looking Geometric Patterns.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2021/08/09 13:13

_id	cf2015_304
id	cf2015_304
authors	Barrios, Carlos and Mostafa, Alani
year	2015
title	Parametric Analysis in Islamic Geometric Designs
source	The next city - New technologies and the future of the built environment [16th International Conference CAAD Futures 2015. Sao Paulo, July 8-10, 2015. Electronic Proceedings/ ISBN 978-85-85783-53-2] Sao Paulo, Brazil, July 8-10, 2015, pp. 304-322.
summary	A method for the analysis of metamorphosis in traditional Islamic geometrical patterns using a parametric model is presented. The method uses traditional Islamic geometry as a starting point and performs an analysis of pattern’s fundamental units and cells and presents metamorphosis operation based on parametric variations of geometry and color.
keywords	Islamic Geometric Patterns, Pattern Generation, Parametric Modeling, Color, Parametric Variations, Metamorphosis.
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2015/06/29 07:55

_id	2006_290
id	2006_290
authors	Cenani, Sehnaz and Gulen Cagdas
year	2006
title	Shape Grammar of Geometric Islamic Ornaments
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.290
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 290-297
summary	Shape grammars are the algorithmic systems used to analyze existing designs or create new ones. In spite of using text or symbols to express abstract representations, shape grammars aid to create novel designs through computational effort with shapes and rules. Many probabilities of rule selections and applications of these rules may generate emergent design solutions or create new design objectives. This paper aims to present the characteristics, shape grammar rules and historical background of geometrical ornaments in Islamic culture and to point out the possibilities of mathematics of symmetry. The knowledge presented in this paper can be used to generate new depictions and to gain new application areas like typography, wallpaper, landscape, façade design, tiling, jewelry, and textile designs. Even, these types of shape grammar studies can be used to open a novel approach as in Jean Nouvel’s “Arab World Institute” in Paris. The role of shape grammar analysis of geometrical Islamic ornaments explained in this paper is to increase the efficiency of architectural design education by facilitating the formal understanding of historical patterns. Novel use of shape grammars in education can enrich the designer’s ability to generate original designs. In this paper variants of Islamic ornaments are created with a CAAD program. A selected geometrical bezeme (ornament) from Islamic ornamental design is generated by encoding with a computer programming language. According to the generated bezeme, interaction scenario is as follows: Computer has the main control over grammar application. Only, some of the rules can be selected by the user. Varieties of this ornament are generated randomly through their line weight, line colors, filling types and filling colors. The shape grammar rules outlined in this paper are simple, but the resulting figures can be very inspiring. Furthermore, the endless potential for future design innovations is unlimited.
keywords	Computer-generated geometrical design; shape grammar rules; geometrical Islamic ornaments; Islamic patterns
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	caadria2010_004
id	caadria2010_004
authors	Jowers, Iestyn; Miquel Prats, Hesham Eissa and Ji-Hyun Lee
year	2010
title	A study of emergence in the generation of Islamic geometric patterns
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2010.039
source	Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Hong Kong 7-10 April 2010, pp. 39-48
summary	Generative design is concerned with the definition and exploration of design spaces, and it has been suggested that emergence plays a key role in this process. In this paper, the impact of emergence on a design space is explored via consideration of different methods used to generate designs in a particular style. Three distinct methods of generating Islamic geometric patterns have been investigated and the extent to which emergence is employed in these methods has been explored. This research supports a discussion on the role of emergence in generative design, and an investigation into how design spaces are affected by the type of emergence employed in a generative process.
keywords	Islamic geometric patterns; emergence; design space; design generation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	sigradi2023_26
id	sigradi2023_26
authors	Refalian, Ghazal, Coloma, Eloi and Moya, Joaquim
year	2023
title	From Sacred Traditions to Digital Syntax: Navigating Formal Grammar's Role in Modelling Contemporary Islamic Geometric Patterns
source	García Amen, F, Goni Fitipaldo, A L and Armagno Gentile, Á (eds.), Accelerated Landscapes - Proceedings of the XXVII International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2023), Punta del Este, Maldonado, Uruguay, 29 November - 1 December 2023, pp. 1009–1020
summary	Islamic geometric patterns (IGP) have been an integral component of Islamic art for centuries. Developed using traditional techniques and tools, these patterns have been profoundly influenced by them. However, the emergence of digital tools has posed novel challenges to the creation and preservation of these intricate designs, leading to compatibility issues between original methodologies and new technologies. Consequently, the process of generating new patterns based on the same syntax has become notably more intricate. This paper delves into the application of Formal Grammar Methodology (FGM), specifically the string rewriting system (SRS), for digital modeling of star patterns that originated in historical Iran, substantiated by existing evidence. We assess the potential of adapting these patterns to the digital realm while respecting their cultural context for design and production purposes. Our study draws upon both historical and contemporary sources to gather, scrutinize, and analyze patterns utilizing both traditional and innovative approaches. The outcomes reveal an 85% success rate for the introduced method, as opposed to 55% for the traditional approach in production.
keywords	Islamic geometric pattern, Formal grammar, Shape grammar, String rewriting system, L-system.
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2024/03/08 14:08

_id	ijac202220208
id	ijac202220208
authors	Refalian, Ghazal; Eloi Coloma; Joaquim N Moya
year	2022
title	Formal grammar methodology for digital visualization of Islamic geometric patterns
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2022, Vol. 20 - no. 2, pp. 297–315
summary	In the oriental practice of art and architecture, and among the regions under their influence, Islamic geometricpatterns (IGPs) have been widely used, not only due to aesthetics and decoration but also to make it possibleto cover wide flat surfaces, curved surface of domes, and perforated surfaces of window and partitions, withperfectly tessellated shapes. However, with advances in time and technology, these techniques could notconnect to the new technologies and benefit from the capacities of digitalization. Recent progress in scienceand technology tends to open new doors to study geometrical patterns by digitalizing the old ones anddeveloping new variations. This study looks at formal grammar and computer science to introduce a newapproach to digital visualization of available IGPs, particularly, star patterns.We investigate the potentials of developing a re-writing system for simulation of IGPs to provide a flexibleplatform, which allows introducing IGP to CAD/CAM software without previous knowledge on their designor drawing techniques. This methodology allows designers to directly develop various scenarios of IGPapplications and implement them on related CAD/CAM tools.Formal language and grammar theories, based on applied mathematics are contributing to the advancementsof computer science and digital modeling. They can provide an opportunity to express relational definitionand written equivalents of the geometries by using strings and symbols. It is supposed that by using the formalgrammar frameworks, certain languages could be developed to visualize IGPs in a machine-friendly way, andconsequently, this computational interpretation of IGPs facilitates their application and further developments,for example, regards to digital fabrication.The presented method of IGP visualization is developed as a C#-based add-on for Grasshopper in Rhino3D,one of the main modeling tools used by architects and product designers
keywords	Islamic geometric patterns, digital visualization, formal grammar, formal language, shape grammar
series	journal
last changed	2024/04/17 14:29

_id	ascaad2023_051
id	ascaad2023_051
authors	Salama, Ali; Garboushian, Razmig; Si, Yue; Correa, David
year	2023
title	Reinterpreting Zellige Tiles through Ceramic 3D Printing
source	C+++: Computation, Culture, and Context – Proceedings of the 11th International Conference of the Arab Society for Computation in Architecture, Art and Design (ASCAAD), University of Petra, Amman, Jordan [Hybrid Conference] 7-9 November 2023, pp. 166-186.
summary	The intricate details of Zellige tile work in Islamic architecture have high cultural significance and important sacred associations. The quasi-crystalline geometry found in el Attarine Madrassa Zellige patterns are a splendid example of the geometric rigour and exceptional craftsmanship of these sacred decorations. Modern methods have been used to reproduce these complex patterns, but these methods are mostly focused on duplication, rather than contributing to the analysis and re-contextualization of these motifs. Where recent studies have investigated the tectonics and structural limitations of ceramic additive manufacturing, few have explored its unique capabilities of re-interpretation and abstraction. This paper investigates the Zellige tiles of el Attarine Madrassa in Fes through formal and tectonic prototyping via clay 3D printing. Adjustments to the pattern by twisting, shifting, and shrinking were evaluated to observe what new interpretations additive manufactured ceramics can provide to the reading of the pattern at an architecture scale. In parallel, custom tool path design strategies were developed to address the unique intersection and overlapping issues that resulted from the intricate linework of the mosaic’s geometric pattern. Several full-scale physical prototypes were developed to assess the success and design opportunities of each strategy. Design iterations were also conducted to develop a key stone assembly sequence while also testing assembly tolerances and bonding between component units. Lastly, a dome mosaic assembly was designed for an arbour structure to evaluate the architectural implications of the developed tile system. The objective is for this 3D printed investigation to simultaneously honour and innovate upon the rich continuum of craft tradition, culture, embodied knowledge, and spirit within these geometries.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2024/02/13 14:34

_id	f14c
authors	Sariyildiz, Sevil
year	1991
title	Conceptual Design by Means of Islamic-Geometric-Patterns within a CAAD-Environment
source	Delft University of Technology
summary	The starting point in this research was to develop a 3D grammar theory on top of existing 2D Islamic-geometric-patterns, trying to rescue their fundamental geometry contents to be applied in contemporary architecture without compromising any architectural style. As it is self evident the architectural design process consists of clearly distinct stages namely conceptual design, materialisation and further completion. A this conceptual stage the innovative item of the research deals with pattern grammars on 3D complex geometrical patterns, considering them as polyhedra and polytopes, for their use as an underlayer to a concept design, like architects use 2D rectangular and triangular grids by the conventional way. Handling these complex 3D patterns requires a special environment which is possible with CAAD. Within the CAAD environment, the handling of these complex patterns is easily done by means of 3D tools, because the 3D tools permit the user to make any possible manipulations and geometrical transformations in an easier way in space. To a geometrical patterns, there is some attention paid during the last 50 years by some scholars. The most complex geometrical patterns are highly developed in Islamic architecture because it is forbidden in Muslim religion to use man's portraits or sculptures of human beings in the religious buildings. All these approaches to complex patterns are analysed and studied as 2D elements. The question was how could we consider them in 3rd dimensions and use them instead of 2D underlayer, as 3D underlayers in the conceptual phase of the CAAD design. Pattern grammar is a generally employable aid (underlying pattern) for conceptual and material designs. On the basis of rules of symmetry and substitution, ordering principles have been worked out, which can be used for formal design methods as well as detailing systems (e.g. modular coordination). Through the realization of a pattern grammar a wider range of underlying patterns can be offered and a choice from these can be made in a more fundamental manner. At a subsequent stage the collection of "empty boxes" can be filled with (architectural) elements in such a way that another option is created between either filling up the boxes completely, filling them partly, or filling them in such a way that they overflow. It is self-evident that underlying patterns can also be used for details and decoration in a design. Concerning the materialisation of the concept design, within the 3D CAAD environment, substitution methods are partially developed. Further theoretical developments concerning the materialisation phase constantly backed up through feed-back with specialist matters (such as e.g. by means of expert systems, decision-support systems), must be worked out. As feed-back of the research, the possibilities of the design with 3D patterns have been tested and the procedures are explained. () Working with 3D patterns gives a designer more inspirations to develop new ideas and new concepts and gives the opportunity to handle the complexity. () The formal, structural and symmetrical qualities of geometrical patterns has a positive influence on the industrialisation of the building components. (*) Working with 3D tools which are able to handle complex geometry have a result because of the accuracy of the information, that there has hardly been a mistake made during the preparation and the assembly of the building components. This has also positive results concerning the financial aspects of the building process.
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2003/02/12 22:37

_id	acadia17_38
id	acadia17_38
authors	Ahlquist, Sean; McGee, Wes; Sharmin, Shahida
year	2017
title	PneumaKnit: Actuated Architectures Through Wale- and Course-Wise Tubular Knit-Constrained Pneumatic Systems
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.038
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 38-51
summary	This research explores the development of seamless pneumatically actuated systems whose motion is controlled by the combination of differentially knitted textiles and standardized thin-walled silicone tubing. This work proposes a fundamental material strategy that addresses challenges ranging from soft robotics to pneumatic architecture. Research in soft robotics seeks to achieve complex motions through non-mechanical monolithic systems, comprised of highly articulated shapes molded with a combination of elastic and inelastic materials. Inflatables in architecture focus largely on the active structuring of static forms, as facade systems or as structured envelopes. An emerging use of pneumatic architecture proposes morphable, adaptive systems accomplished through differentiated mechanically interconnected components. In the research described in this paper, a wide array of capabilities in motion and geometric articulation are accomplished through the design of knitted sleeves that generate a series of actuated “elbows.” As opposed to molding silicone bladders, differentiation in motion is generated through the more facile ability of changing stitch structure, and shaping of the knitted textile sleeve, which constrains the standard silicone tubing. The relationship between knit differentiation, pneumatic pressure, and the resultant motion profile is studied initially with individual actuators, and ultimately in propositions for larger seamless assemblies. As opposed to a cellular study of individual components, this research proposes structures with multi-scalar articulation, from fiber and stitch to overall form, composed into seamless, massively deformable architectures.
keywords	material and construction; fabrication; construction/robotics
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia17_52
id	acadia17_52
authors	Ajlouni, Rima
year	2017
title	Simulation of Sound Diffusion Patterns of Fractal-Based Surface Profiles
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.052
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 52-61
summary	Acoustical design is one of the most challenging aspects of architecture. A complex system of competing influences (e.g., space geometry, size, proportion, material properties, surface detail, etc.) contribute to shaping the quality of the auditory experience. In particular, architectural surfaces affect the way that sound reflections propagate through space. By diffusing the reflected sound energy, surface designs can promote a more homogeneous auditory atmosphere by mitigating sharp and focused reflections. One of the challenges with designing an effective diffuser is the need to respond to a wide band of sound wavelengths, which requires the surface profile to precisely encode a range of detail sizes, depths and angles. Most of the available sound diffusers are designed to respond to a narrow band of frequencies. In this context, fractal-based surface designs can provide a unique opportunity for mitigating such limitations. A key principle of fractal geometry is its multilevel hierarchical order, which enables the same pattern to occur at different scales. This characteristic makes it a potential candidate for diffusing a wider band of sound wavelengths. However, predicting the reflection patterns of complicated fractal-based surface designs can be challenging using available acoustical software. These tools are often costly, complicated and are not designed for predicting early sound propagation paths. This research argues that writing customized algorithms provides a valuable, free and efficient alternative for addressing targeted acoustical design problems. The paper presents a methodology for designing and testing a customized algorithm for predicting sound diffusion patterns of fractal-based surfaces. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used to develop the code and evaluate the results.
keywords	design methods; information processing; simulation & optimization; data visualization
series	ACADIA
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last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

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