Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	2006_420
id	2006_420
authors	Liapi, Marianthi and Konstantinos Oungrinis
year	2006
title	Spatial Diagnosis as a Means to Design Mediated Spaces
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.420
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 420-427
summary	This paper addresses the concept of spatial diagnosis as a methodology for architects to analyze and evaluate the quality of existing spaces periodically and improve them with the use of digital media. Initially the methodology researches the physical characteristics of the examined space, which are investigated both historically and empirically, as well as people’s mental imagery of it, which is examined through cognitive mapping techniques. The research findings are used as a mapping device for the application of the digital media ‘treatment.’ Selected intelligent systems form a digital, immaterial layer upon the existing spatial elements increasing the quality of space and consequently improving people’s experience in it. The goal of this project, which focuses solely on public spaces for the extent of this research, is twofold. On a design level, it proposes a way to increase the quality of space as well as its potential to communicate with people through a synergic, adaptive approach. On a research level, it seeks to bring together three diverse but not distant disciplines, those of architecture, cognitive psychology and information technology.
keywords	Spatial diagnosis; mental imagery; digital media; mediated spaces; user-space communication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	ecaade2012_104
id	ecaade2012_104
authors	Liapi, Marianthi; Oungrinis, Konstantinos-Alketas; Voyatzaki, Maria
year	2012
title	Sensponsive Playscapes: A Pedagogical Design Approach to Manifest and Promote the Physical Digital Continuum
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.2.343
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-3-7, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 343-351
summary	This paper chronicles an intensive student workshop on sensponsive architecture, from the educators’ point of view, underlying the pedagogical notes on this new design approach that employs digital design tools and electronic assemblies to creatively experiment with human-computer interaction. The workshop presented the theoretical, computational and fabricating frameworks for a human-centered approach to spaces with sensponsive partitions that respond timely with sense, displaying an adaptive behavior through time. The workshop theme was further specialized to direct the design outcome toward sensponsive environments for children that can help them perceive, experience and develop a meaningful understanding of the world around them through play.
wos	WOS:000330320600035
keywords	Sensponsive architecture; student workshop; arduino assemblies; children’s spaces
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	ecaade2024_180
id	ecaade2024_180
authors	Licen, Jurij; Chen, Taole
year	2024
title	Use of Genetic Optimisation Algorithms in the Design of 3D Concrete Printed Shell Structures
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2024.1.213
source	Kontovourkis, O, Phocas, MC and Wurzer, G (eds.), Data-Driven Intelligence - Proceedings of the 42nd Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2024), Nicosia, 11-13 September 2024, Volume 1, pp. 213–222
summary	A transition from disparate data to interconnected and contextually integrated data is currently causing a paradigm shift in the architecture industry. The need for fabrication-aware architectural representation models, that enable designers to interface with today's data-intensive manufacturing technologies, is a direct consequence of new concepts such as smart fabrication, automation and vertical integration. Compared to conventional concrete casting methods, 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) offers a wide range of advantages, particularly the ability to create complex geometry. A lack of computational modelling techniques that link design and production for 3DCP is currently making it difficult to predict the printability of designs. This research presents a unified design-to-fabrication framework using machine learning (ML) that is customized for freeform steel-reinforced 3DCP shell structures. 3DCP is used to create incrementally cast sacrificial formwork. In particular, the segmentation process is fed back into the design process using genetic optimization for a fabrication-aware design model. The framework is validated with a series of physical experiments.
keywords	Additive Manufacturing, 3D Concrete Printing, Architectural Design, Integrated Workflow, Fabrication-Aware Modelling, Conceptual Design, Concrete Shells
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/11/17 22:05

_id	sigradi2015_6.341
id	sigradi2015_6.341
authors	Licht, Marcele Cassol; Gonçalves, Berenice Santos
year	2015
title	Interactivity and motivation in digital book
source	SIGRADI 2015 [Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - vol. 1 - ISBN: 978-85-8039-135-0] Florianópolis, SC, Brasil 23-27 November 2015, pp. 248-255.
summary	The development of digital devices such as tablets allowed different ways to present content by the use of multimedia and interactive resources. In this sense, the existing interactivity in digital book has features that make it different from the printed book. So the reader will have specific interests on using a digital book. Therefore, this article performs a descriptive analysis on WWF Together interactive digital book, which starts from two axes: considers the interface interactivity and the reader’s motivation. After this analysis it was possible to understand the relationship between interactivity and digital book content representation, aiming to encourage the reader’s motivation.
keywords	Design, Digital Book, Interactivity, Motivation
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:54

_id	ddss2006-hb-187
id	DDSS2006-HB-187
authors	Lidia Diappi and Paola Bolchi
year	2006
title	Gentrification Waves in the Inner-City of Milan - A multi agent / cellular automata model based on Smith's Rent Gap theory
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) 2006, Innovations in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Springer, ISBN-10: 1-4020-5059-3, ISBN-13: 978-1-4020-5059-6, p. 187-201
summary	The aim of this paper is to investigate the gentrification process by applying an urban spatial model of gentrification, based on Smith's (1979; 1987; 1996) Rent Gap theory. The rich sociological literature on the topic mainly assumes gentrification to be a cultural phenomenon, namely the result of a demand pressure of the suburban middle and upper class, willing to return to the city (Ley, 1980; Lipton, 1977, May, 1996). Little attempt has been made to investigate and build a sound economic explanation on the causes of the process. The Rent Gap theory (RGT) of Neil Smith still represents an important contribution in this direction. At the heart of Smith's argument there is the assumption that gentrification takes place because capitals return to the inner city, creating opportunities for residential relocation and profit. This paper illustrates a dynamic model of Smith's theory through a multi-agent/ cellular automata system approach (Batty, 2005) developed on a Netlogo platform. A set of behavioural rules for each agent involved (homeowner, landlord, tenant and developer, and the passive 'dwelling' agent with their rent and level of decay) are formalised. The simulations show the surge of neighbouring degradation or renovation and population turn over, starting with different initial states of decay and estate rent values. Consistent with a Self Organized Criticality approach, the model shows that non linear interactions at local level may produce different configurations of the system at macro level. This paper represents a further development of a previous version of the model (Diappi, Bolchi, 2005). The model proposed here includes some more realistic factors inspired by the features of housing market dynamics in the city of Milan. It includes the shape of the potential rent according to city form and functions, the subdivision in areal submarkets according to the current rents, and their maintenance levels. The model has a more realistic visualisation of the city and its form, and is able to show the different dynamics of the emergent neighbourhoods in the last ten years in Milan.
keywords	Multi agent systems, Housing market, Gentrification, Emergent systems
series	DDSS
last changed	2006/08/29 12:55

_id	ae09
authors	Lieberman, Henry
year	1985
title	There's More to Menu Systems Than Meets the Screen
source	SIGGRAPH '85 Conference Proceedings. July, 1985. vol. 19 ; no. 3: pp. 181-189 : ill. includes bibliography
summary	Love playing with those fancy menu-based graphical user interfaces, but afraid to program one yourself for your own application? Do windows seem opaque to you? Are you scared of Mice? Like what-you-see-is-what-you-get but don't know how to get-what-you-want-to-see on the screen? Everyone agrees using systems like graphical document illustrators, circuit designers, and iconic file systems is fun, but programming user interfaces for these systems isn't as much fun as it should be. Systems like the Lisp Machines, Xerox D- Machines, and Apple Macintosh provide powerful graphics primitives, but the casual applications designer is often stymied by the difficulty of mastering the details of window specification, multiple processes, interpreting mouse input, etc. This paper presents a kit called EZWin, which provides many services common to implementing a wide variety of interfaces, described as generalized editors for sets of graphical objects. An individual application is programmed simply by creating objects to represent the interface itself, each kind of graphical object, and each command. A unique interaction style is established which is insensitive to whether commands are chosen before or after their arguments. The system anticipates the types of arguments needed by commands preventing selection mistakes which are a common source of frustrating errors. Displayed objects are made 'mouse-sensitive' only if selection of the object is appropriate in the current context. The implementation of a graphical interface for a computer network simulation is described to illustrate how EZWin works
keywords	user interface, computer graphics
series	CADline
last changed	1999/02/12 15:09

_id	ca8f
authors	Lieberman, Oren
year	2000
title	The Application of Object-oriented Software Concepts in Architectural Pedagogy
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2000.027
source	Promise and Reality: State of the Art versus State of Practice in Computing for the Design and Planning Process [18th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-6-5] Weimar (Germany) 22-24 June 2000, pp. 27-33
summary	Architecture, a complex discipline that involves many people and things and the relationships amongst them, requires a pedagogical approach by which the student, even in her first year, must be able to think "complexly" across many subjects. The object-oriented analysis and design software programming paradigm, which models complex "realities", or "models the way people understand and process reality", holds promising concepts for architectural education. It is not my intention to extract slavishly all possible concepts from object-orientation (OO) and accept them as a "recipe" for educating the architect. Indeed, one of the reasons I find OO so elegant is that it provides a strategy, a non-prescriptive framework, with which both teachers and students can explore their own architectural investigations. It also provides the possibility of a common language, offering a structure in which, for example, certain standards can be measured within departments, or with which we can negotiate compatibility across different national credit systems to facilitate and encourage cross-cultural (border) exchange.
keywords	Object-Oriented, Aspect, Subject-Oriented, Concern Spaces, Reusability, Abstraction/Compression, Encapsulation, Maintenance
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.uni-weimar.de/ecaade/
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	02f7
authors	Liebich, Thomas and Kim, Inhan
year	1995
title	ID'EST: An Integrated Modelling Framework for Management of Architectural Data
source	Sixth International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Futures [ISBN 9971-62-423-0] Singapore, 24-26 September 1995, pp. 377-387
summary	An Integrated Design Environment, IDE, facilitates cooperation between different disciplines. The paper investigates the data modelling framework, distinguishes between homogeneous and heterogeneous model worlds, discusses the formal mapping mechanisms available to establish a heterogeneous model world, and introduces a way to incorporate CAD systems into IDE A prototype IDE has been developed to prove these methods. The ID'EST prototype comprises its own core data model, different schemas to cope with several design views, and interfaces to incorporate external CAD systems. A prototype architectural data model has been defined, that includes core data models and aspect models for enclosure system and spatial system. Conventional CAD systems can be integrated into ID'EST, if they are able to map data from the aspect models into their own data structure, and vice versa, on a high semantic level. The inherent methods of classifying data in CAD, layers, macros and attached attributes, have been used to retrieve product data from CAD data files. The usability of conventional CAD systems as data instantiation tools for IDE has been proved and a path has been shown, by which existing tools can be integrated into new technology solutions.
keywords	Product Modelling, Formal Mapping Specification, Computer-Aided Design
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/05/16 20:58

_id	2e74
authors	Liebich, Thomas
year	1994
title	Behind the Lines - Managing Semantically Rich Data in Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1994.x.u5d
source	The Virtual Studio [Proceedings of the 12th European Conference on Education in Computer Aided Architectural Design / ISBN 0-9523687-0-6] Glasgow (Scotland) 7-10 September 1994, pp. 253
summary	Current CAD systems have inherent bottlenecks, which diminish possible achievements for architectural practices. Among these shortcomings there are two the paper will deal with. Firstly, traditional CAD relies on a pure geometric model. All non-geometric information about objects of architectural interest has to be attached to these geometric entities. This restricts the ability to describe semantically dependent relationships. Secondly, the integration of different design tools for building and construction is still at its very beginning. The data exchange remains restricted, since it is based on a fairly low semantic level of a document-based exchange of information, such as geometric representation in DXF or IGES, rather than on a high semantic level of a model-based exchange.
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	c937
authors	Liebowitz, D., Criminisi, A. and Zisserman, A.
year	1999
title	Creating architectural models from images
source	EUROGRAPHICS'99
summary	We present methods for creating 3D graphical models of scenes from a limited numbers of images, i.e. one or two, in situations where no scene co-ordinate measurements are available. The methods employ constraints available from geometric relationships that are common in architectural scenes - such as parallelism and orthogonality - together with constraints available from the camera. In particular, by using the circular points of a plane simple, linear algorithms are given for computing plane rectification, plane orientation and camera calibration from a single image. Examples of image based 3D modelling are given for both single images and image pairs.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	cc1a
authors	Lien, Kristian, Go Suzuki and Westerberg, Arthur W.
year	1986
title	The Role of Expert Systems Technology In Design
source	[2] 49 p. : diagrams Engineering Design Research Center, CMU, September, 1986 EDRC-06-13-86. includes bibliography.
summary	Using a scenario format, this paper first reviews the nature of chemical process design, showing that designers quickly make major decisions with minimal information and constantly revise their strategy to solve a problem. To automate this activity on a computer will require models of the process being created at several levels of abstraction as well as models that capture the beliefs of the modeler about the abilities of himself, others and the aids available and models of strategies for complex problem solving. The second section of the paper extensively reviews current expert system concepts, illustrating each of them with design examples. It is argued that expert systems are knowledge based. The authors describe many of the control strategies used in today's systems, and also consider different problem representations - rules, logic and frames - and indicate when each might be preferred. The last section presents the authors views on what will be involved in creating a future expert system for design
keywords	engineering, abstraction, expert systems, CAD, design process, representation, knowledge base, frames, control
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 10:24

_id	855a
authors	Liew, B.K., Mathur, K., Tan, C.L., Tham, H.C., Teh, H.C., Loe, K.F., Heah, K.L.
year	1993
title	PARADISE: An Intelligent CAD System architecture
source	The Int. Journal of Construction IT 1(3), pp.1-24
summary	This paper presents the architecture of an intelligent CAD system called PARADISE. The motivation is in addressing the lack in architectural computing that has to do with intelligent assistance of design at the early stages. A schema for representing and integrating design knowledge and graphical data called the Design Model (DM) is presented. Following which, work done in developing the CAD-based front end of PARADISE called the graphic subsystem (PGS) is described. The emphasis is at providing tools which facilitate the creation and manipulation of form and spaces at early design stages. We then describe the functionalities of our geometric reasoner (PGS) is described. The geometric reasoner is responsible for all reasoning between the syntax of design drawings and its related semantics. We highlight, in particular, the reasoning of implicit spaces.
series	journal paper
last changed	2003/05/15 21:45

_id	b255
authors	Liew, Haldane
year	2002
title	Descriptive Conventions for Shape Grammars
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2002.365
source	Thresholds - Design, Research, Education and Practice, in the Space Between the Physical and the Virtual [Proceedings of the 2002 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-11-X] Pomona (California) 24-27 October 2002, pp. 365-378
summary	This paper introduces a new set of descriptive conventions for shape grammars, and illustrates howthey can be used to address problems with user experience. The shape grammar formalism has beenshown to be capable of generating designs such as Palladian villas, Prairie houses and Queen Annehouses. The formalism can describe the process to develop a design through the use of rules, symbols,and lines.The user’s experience in applying the rules is often neglected in the design of the grammars. Thiscreates four problems: 1) the user is unaware of the implicit sequencing of rules, 2) the user cangenerate invalid design states, 3) the user is forced to apply technical rules that do not change theoverall design, and 4) the user is only given a restricted set of design choices.To address these problems, a new set of descriptive conventions has been developed that provides alayer of abstraction built on top of the formalism. These conventions are currently being implementedusing the Visual LISP programming environment in AutoCAD. The program applies rules, whichincorporate the use of the new conventions, to produce a design.The conventions are based on two techniques. The first technique is an explicit control mechanism thatdetermines the sequencing of rules based on the success or failure of a rule application. Becausesome design changes require more than one rule, this allows the grammar to chain a sequence of rulesto create macros since. The second technique is a mechanism that demarcates an area of the drawingfor query. With this technique, a rule is able to recognize void spaces in a drawing.A comparison of the rules to construct a bi-laterally symmetrical grid in three grammars--Palladian,Yingzao Fashi, and Grid--will be used to demonstrate the advantages of the new conventions.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	ecaade03_639_62_liew
id	ecaade03_639_62_liew
authors	Liew, Haldane
year	2003
title	SGML - A Shape Grammar Meta-Language
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.639
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 639-648
summary	The shape grammar meta-language creates layers of abstraction in the shape grammar formalism for the purpose of developing descriptions that can organize and sequence rule applications in a grammar, filter information in a drawing, and provide additional matching constraints based on the subshapes found. These concepts are incorporated into the formalism by expanding the rule application process into six phases; control, context, transformations, parameters, descriptors, and application. Seven meta-language descriptive conventions are developed from the six phases; rule-sets, directive, label-filters, focus, maxline, zones, and apply-mode. Examples of how the meta-language descriptions can be used to generate designs are provided.
keywords	Shape grammars, meta-language, and computational design
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://architecture.mit.edu/~haldane
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	liewh_pdh_2004
id	liewh_pdh_2004
authors	Liew, Haldane
year	2004
title	SGML: a meta-language for shape grammars
source	PhD dissertation, Department of Architecture, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass
summary	A shape grammar develops a drawing through a series of transformations by repeatedly applying if-then rules. Although the rules can be designed, in principle, to construct any type of drawing, the drawings they construct may not necessarily develop in the manner intended by the designer of the grammar. In this thesis, I introduce a shape grammar meta-language that adds power to grammars based on the shape grammar language. Using the shape grammar meta-language, the author of a grammar can: (1) explicitly determine the sequence in which a set of rules is applied; (2) restrict rule application through a filtering process; and (3) use context to guide the rule matching process, all of which provide a guided design experience for the user of the grammar. Three example grammars demonstrate the effectiveness of the meta-language. The first example is the Bilateral Grid grammar which demonstrates how the meta-language facilitates the development of grammars that offer users multiple design choices. The second grammar is the Hexagon Path grammar which demonstrates how the metalanguage is useful in contexts other than architectural design. The third and most ambitious example is the Durand grammar which embodies the floor plan design process described in Précis of the Lectures of Architecture, written by JNL Durand, an eighteenth century architectural educator. Durand's floor plan design process develops a plan through a series of transformations from grid to axis to parti to wall. The corresponding Durand grammar, which consists of 74 rules and 15 macros organized into eight stages, captures Durand's ideas and fills in gaps in Durand's description of his process. A key contribution of this thesis is the seven descriptors that constitute the meta-language. The descriptors are used in grammar rules: (1) to organize a set of rules for the user to choose from; (2) to group together a series of rules; (3) to filter information in a drawing; (4) to constrain where a rule can apply; and (5) to control how a rule is applied. The end result is a language that allows the author to create grammars that guide users by carefully controlling the design process in the manner intended by the author.
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2005/09/09 12:58

_id	6cc2
authors	Liew, P.S. and Gero, J.S.
year	2002
title	A Memory System for a Situated Design Agent Based on Constructive Memory
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2002.199
source	CAADRIA 2002 [Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 983-2473-42-X] Cyberjaya (Malaysia) 18–20 April 2002, pp. 199-206
summary	Situated design agents require new types of memory. The design of a memory system for use in such a design agent, based on the notion of constructive memory is proposed. The specification of the memory system is derived from the architecture of a situated design agent. Cognitive studies of the human memory system provide the functional and behavioural characterization of the memory system.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	cf2003_m_014
id	cf2003_m_014
authors	LIEW, Pak-San and GERO, John S .
year	2003
title	Operational Characteristics of a Constructive Memory System for Design Agents
source	Digital Design - Research and Practice [Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 1-4020-1210-1] Tainan (Taiwan) 13–15 October 2003, pp. 137-146
summary	This paper describes the operational characteristics of a constructive memory for a design agent that distinguishes it from a standard retrieval system. An architecture example pertaining to this behaviour of the system is also illustrated through a simulation of the memory system.
keywords	constructive memory, agents, situated
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/09/22 12:21

_id	be8b
authors	Liew, Pak-San and Gero, John S.
year	2002
title	An Implementation Model of Constructive Memory for a Design Agent
source	Gero JS and Brazier FMT (eds) (2002) Agents in Design 2002. Key Centre of Design Computing and Cognition, University of Sydney, pp. 257-276
summary	This paper describes a computational model that implements the operations of a constructive memory system for design. The current model is based on a modified Interactive Activation and Competition (IAC) network with learning capabilities incorporated. Implementations and experiments pertaining to the various features of the constructive memory system are also described.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/05/10 10:16

_id	55e0
authors	Liggett, R, Friedman, S, and Jepson, W.
year	1995
title	Interactive Design/Decision Making in a Virtual Urban World: Visual Simulation and GIS
source	Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual ESRI User Conference. Palm Springs, CA, (May)
summary	Researchers at UCLA have developed an Urban Simulator which links virtual reality technology with traditional two-dimensional Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and databases. This paper discusses the data structure and interface requirements necessary to integrate a real-time three-dimensional visual simulation system with a GIS system. Potential uses of the integrated system are illustrated with a set of current projects in the Los Angeles area.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	13f5
authors	Liggett, R. and Jepson, W.
year	1995
title	An integrated environment for urban simulation
source	Environment and Planning B, 22, pp. 291-305
summary	Contributed by Bharat Dave (b.dave@architecture.unimelb.edu.au)
keywords	3D City modeling
series	other
last changed	2001/06/04 20:23

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